Thionyl fluoride

Thionyl fluoride

Ball-and-stick model structure
Names
IUPAC name Thionyl fluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-42-8  N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	22954  Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.088
EC Number	231-997-2
PubChem CID	24548
UNII	2O8P7K5BE8
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1064821
InChI InChI=1S/F2OS/c1-4(2)3 Y Key: LSJNBGSOIVSBBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/F2OS/c1-4(2)3 Key: LSJNBGSOIVSBBR-UHFFFAOYAL
SMILES FS(F)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	SOF2
Molar mass	86.06 g·mol−1
Appearance	colorless gas
Melting point	−110.5 °C (−166.9 °F; 162.7 K)
Boiling point	−43.8 °C (−46.8 °F; 229.3 K)
Solubility in water	hydrolysis
Solubility	soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene
Vapor pressure	75.7 kPa (-50 °C) [1]
Structure
Molecular shape	trigonal pyramidal
Thermochemistry [2] [ better source needed ]
Std molar entropy (S⦵298)	278.6 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−715 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	56.8 J/(mol·K)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300, H310, H314, H330
Precautionary statements	P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P350, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
Related compounds
Related oxohalides	Thionyl chloride Thionyl bromide
Related compounds	Thiothionyl fluoride Nitrosyl fluoride Carbonyl fluoride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Thionyl fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula S O F ₂. This colourless gas is mainly of theoretical interest, but it is a product of the degradation of sulfur hexafluoride, an insulator in electrical equipment. The molecule adopts a distorted pyramidal structure, with C_s symmetry. The S-O and S-F distances are 1.42 and 1.58 Å, respectively. The O-S-F and F-S-F angles are 106.2 and 92.2°, respectively. ^{[3] [ page needed ]}

Synthesis and reactions

Thionyl fluoride can be produced by the reaction of thionyl chloride with fluoride sources such as antimony trifluoride. ^{[4] [3] : 542}

3 SOCl₂ + 2 SbF₃ → 3 SOF₂ + 2 SbCl₃

Alternatively, it arises via the fluorination of sulfur dioxide: ^{[3] : 542}

SO₂ + PF₅ → SOF₂ + POF₃

Thionyl fluoride arises as a fleeting intermediate from the decomposition of sulfur hexafluoride as the result of electrical discharges which generate sulfur tetrafluoride. SF₄ hydrolyzes to give thionyl fluoride, which in turn hydrolyzes further as described below. ^[5]

As expected from the behavior of the other thionyl halides, this compound hydrolyzes readily, giving hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide: ^{[3] : 542}

SOF₂ + H₂O → 2 HF + SO₂

In contrast to thionyl chloride and bromide, thionyl fluoride is not useful for halogenation. The related derivative, sulfur tetrafluoride is however useful for that purpose.^{[ citation needed ]}

References

1. Thionyl fluoride in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-05-11)
2. "Thionyl Fluoride". chemister.ru database.
3. Holleman, A.F. (2001). Holleman, A.F.; Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (eds.). Inorganic Chemistry (1st ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. ISBN   0-12-352651-5.
4. Smith, W. C.; Muetterties, E. L.; Park, J. D.; Settine, Robert (January 1960). "Thionyl Fluoride". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 6. pp. 162–163. doi:10.1002/9780470132371.ch50. ISBN   978-0-470-13165-7.
5. Pepi, Federico; Andreina Ricci; Marco Di Stefano; Marzio Rosi; Giuseppe D'Arcangelo (September 18, 2002). "Thionyl Fluoride from Sulfur Hexafluoride Corona Discharge Decomposition: Gas-Phase Chemistry of (SOF₂)H⁺ Ions". Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 106 (40): 9261–9266. Bibcode:2002JPCA..106.9261P. doi:10.1021/jp021074v.