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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name Iodine(V) fluoride | |||
Systematic IUPAC name Pentafluoro-λ5-iodane | |||
Other names Iodic fluoride | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.108 | ||
EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |||
UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |||
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Properties | |||
IF5 | |||
Molar mass | 221.89 g/mol | ||
Appearance | colorless liquid | ||
Density | 3.250 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | 9.43 °C (48.97 °F; 282.58 K) | ||
Boiling point | 97.85 °C (208.13 °F; 371.00 K) | ||
Reacts | |||
−58.1·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Viscosity | 2.111 mPa·s | ||
Structure | |||
Monoclinic | |||
C4V | |||
Square pyramidal | |||
square pyramidal [1] | |||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards | Toxic, oxidiser, corrosive, reacts with water to release HF | ||
GHS labelling: | |||
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Danger | |||
H271, H301+H311+H331, H314, H371, H410 [2] | |||
P202, P232, P304, P310 [2] | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Other anions | Iodine pentoxide | ||
Other cations | Bromine pentafluoride | ||
Related compounds | Iodine monofluoride Iodine trifluoride Iodine heptafluoride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is one of the fluorides of iodine. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a fluorination reagent and even a solvent in specialized syntheses. [3]
It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas. [4] This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved. [5]
IF5 reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid and iodic acid:
Upon treatment with fluorine, it converts to iodine heptafluoride: [6]
It has been used as a solvent for handling metal fluorides. For example, the reduction of osmium hexafluoride to osmium pentafluoride with iodine is conducted in a solution in iodine pentafluoride: [7]
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis. [8]