Iodine dioxide

Last updated • 1 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Iodine dioxide
Iodine-dioxide-3D-vdW.png
Names
Other names
dioxidoiodide, iodyl, iodoxy radical, iodine peroxide, iodine superoxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
404604
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/IO2/c2-1-3
    Key: WXDJHDMIIZKXSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • O=I[O]
Properties
IO2
Molar mass 158.902 g·mol−1
Appearanceyellow solid
Density 4.2 g/cm3
Melting point 130 °C (266 °F; 403 K)
reacts with water
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Iodine dioxide is a binary inorganic compound of iodine and oxygen with the chemical formula IO
2. [1] [2] Only stable as a dilute gas, [3] this compound is one of many iodine oxides, [4] [5] and "iodine dioxide" is sometimes used to describe its formal dimer, the salt diiodine tetroxide (I2O4, [IO]+[IO3]−).

It is formed, in parts-per-trillion quantities, [6] at the marine boundary layer and believed to mediate particulate nucleation therein. The iodine, originally from algaeic diiodomethane, is photooxidized to iodine monoxide, which then disproportionates to free iodine atoms and iodine dioxide. At a sufficiently large concentration, the particles then combine to form small grains of diiodine tetroxide. [3] [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Osmium</span> Chemical element with atomic number 76 (Os)

Osmium is a chemical element; it has symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element. When experimentally measured using X-ray crystallography, it has a density of 22.59 g/cm3. Manufacturers use its alloys with platinum, iridium, and other platinum-group metals to make fountain pen nib tipping, electrical contacts, and in other applications that require extreme durability and hardness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sulfur dioxide</span> Chemical compound of sulfur and oxygen

Sulfur dioxide or sulphur dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula SO
2. It is a colorless gas with a pungent smell that is responsible for the odor of burnt matches. It is released naturally by volcanic activity and is produced as a by-product of copper extraction and the burning of sulfur-bearing fossil fuels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nitrogen dioxide</span> Chemical compound with formula NO₂

Nitrogen dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula NO2. One of several nitrogen oxides, nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas. It is a paramagnetic, bent molecule with C2v point group symmetry. Industrially, NO2 is an intermediate in the synthesis of nitric acid, millions of tons of which are produced each year, primarily for the production of fertilizers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cloud condensation nuclei</span> Small particles on which water vapor condenses

Cloud condensation nuclei (CCNs), also known as cloud seeds, are small particles typically 0.2 μm, or one hundredth the size of a cloud droplet. CCNs are a unique subset of aerosols in the atmosphere on which water vapour condenses. This can affect the radiative properties of clouds and the overall atmosphere. Water vapour requires a non-gaseous surface to make the transition to a liquid; this process is called condensation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dinitrogen pentoxide</span> Chemical compound

Dinitrogen pentoxide is the chemical compound with the formula N2O5. It is one of the binary nitrogen oxides, a family of compounds that contain only nitrogen and oxygen. It exists as colourless crystals that sublime slightly above room temperature, yielding a colorless gas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sulfur monoxide</span> Chemical compound

Sulfur monoxide is an inorganic compound with formula SO. It is only found as a dilute gas phase. When concentrated or condensed, it converts to S2O2 (disulfur dioxide). It has been detected in space but is rarely encountered intact otherwise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carbonyl sulfide</span> Chemical compound

Carbonyl sulfide is the chemical compound with the linear formula O=C=S. It is a colorless flammable gas with an unpleasant odor. It is a linear molecule consisting of a carbonyl double bonded to a sulfur atom. Carbonyl sulfide can be considered to be intermediate between carbon dioxide and carbon disulfide, both of which are valence isoelectronic with it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Periodate</span> Negatively-charged molecule made of oxygen and iodine

Periodate is an anion composed of iodine and oxygen. It is one of a number of oxyanions of iodine and is the highest in the series, with iodine existing in oxidation state +7. Unlike other perhalogenates, such as perchlorate, it can exist in two forms: metaperiodateIO−
4 and orthoperiodateIO5−
6. In this regard it is comparable to the tellurate ion from the adjacent group. It can combine with a number of counter ions to form periodates, which may also be regarded as the salts of periodic acid.

Fluoroform, or trifluoromethane, is the chemical compound with the formula CHF3. It is a hydrofluorocarbon as well as being a part of the haloforms, a class of compounds with the formula CHX3 with C3v symmetry. Fluoroform is used in diverse applications in organic synthesis. It is not an ozone depleter but is a greenhouse gas.

Osmium compounds are compounds containing the element osmium (Os). Osmium forms compounds with oxidation states ranging from −2 to +8. The most common oxidation states are +2, +3, +4, and +8. The +8 oxidation state is notable for being the highest attained by any chemical element aside from iridium's +9 and is encountered only in xenon, ruthenium, hassium, iridium, and plutonium. The oxidation states −1 and −2 represented by the two reactive compounds Na
2[Os
4(CO)
13] and Na
2[Os(CO)
4] are used in the synthesis of osmium cluster compounds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iodine oxide</span> Class of chemical compounds

Iodine oxides are chemical compounds of oxygen and iodine. Iodine has only two stable oxides which are isolatable in bulk, iodine tetroxide and iodine pentoxide, but a number of other oxides are formed in trace quantities or have been hypothesized to exist. The chemistry of these compounds is complicated with only a few having been well characterized. Many have been detected in the atmosphere and are believed to be particularly important in the marine boundary layer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neptunium(IV) oxide</span> Chemical compound

Neptunium(IV) oxide, or neptunium dioxide, is a radioactive, olive green cubic crystalline solid with the formula NpO2. It emits both α- and γ-particles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Disulfur dioxide</span> Chemical compound

Disulfur dioxide, dimeric sulfur monoxide or SO dimer is an oxide of sulfur with the formula S2O2. The solid is unstable with a lifetime of a few seconds at room temperature.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Photogeochemistry</span>

Photogeochemistry merges photochemistry and geochemistry into the study of light-induced chemical reactions that occur or may occur among natural components of Earth's surface. The first comprehensive review on the subject was published in 2017 by the chemist and soil scientist Timothy A Doane, but the term photogeochemistry appeared a few years earlier as a keyword in studies that described the role of light-induced mineral transformations in shaping the biogeochemistry of Earth; this indeed describes the core of photogeochemical study, although other facets may be admitted into the definition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bismuth titanate</span> Chemical compound

Bismuth titanate or bismuth titanium oxide is a solid inorganic compound of bismuth, titanium and oxygen with the chemical formula of Bi12TiO20, Bi 4Ti3O12 or Bi2Ti2O7.

Jennifer Logan is an atmospheric scientist known for her research on how human activities influence the atmosphere, particularly with respect to biomass burning and the ozone hole.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iodine monoxide</span> Chemical compound

Iodine monoxide is a binary inorganic compound of iodine and oxygen with the chemical formula IO•. A free radical, this compound is the simplest of many iodine oxides. It is similar to the oxygen monofluoride, chlorine monoxide and bromine monoxide radicals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iodosyl pentafluoride</span> Chemical compound

Iodosyl pentafluoride is an inorganic compound of iodine, fluorine, and oxygen with the chemical formula IOF5.

Chlorine trifluoride dioxide is an inorganic compound of chlorine, fluorine, and oxygen with the chemical formula ClO2F3.

Diiodine tetraoxide, I2O4, is a chemical compound of oxygen and iodine. It belongs to the class of iodine oxides, and is a mixed oxide, consisting of iodine(III) and iodine(V) oxidation states.

References

  1. ↑ Yaws, Carl (6 January 2015). The Yaws Handbook of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Chemicals: Physical Properties for More Than 54,000 Organic and Inorganic Chemical Compounds, Coverage for C1 to C100 Organics and Ac to Zr Inorganics. Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 718. ISBN   978-0-12-801146-1 . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  2. ↑ Haynes, William M. (19 April 2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press. p. 2-17. ISBN   978-1-4398-8050-0 . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  3. 1 2 Hoffmann, Thorsten; O'Dowd, Colin D.; Seinfeld, John H. (15 May 2001). "Iodine oxide homogeneous nucleation: An explanation for coastal new particle production" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 28 (10): 1949–1952. Bibcode:2001GeoRL..28.1949H. doi: 10.1029/2000GL012399 .
  4. ↑ De, Anil Kumar (2007). A Textbook Of Inorganic Chemistry. New Age International. p. 584. ISBN   978-81-224-1384-7 . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  5. ↑ Parks, Lytle Raymond (1952). Systematic College Chemistry. Blakiston Company. p. 304. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  6. ↑ Saiz-Lopez, A.; Fernandez, R. P.; Ordóñez, C.; Kinnison, D. E.; Gómez Martín, J. C.; Lamarque, J.-F.; Tilmes, S. (10 December 2014). "Iodine chemistry in the troposphere and its effect on ozone". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 14 (23): 13119–13143. Bibcode:2014ACP....1413119S. doi: 10.5194/acp-14-13119-2014 . hdl: 11336/100317 .
  7. ↑ Cox, R. A.; Bloss, W. J.; Jones, R. L.; Rowley, D. M. (1 July 1999). "OIO and the atmospheric cycle of iodine" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 26 (13): 1857–1860. Bibcode:1999GeoRL..26.1857C. doi:10.1029/1999GL900439. S2CID   128402214.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.