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| Formula | C11H12Br2N2 |
| Molar mass | 332.039 g·mol−1 |
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5,6-Dibromo-N-methyltryptamine (5,6-Dibromo-NMT) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid that occurs naturally in marine sponges. [1] [2]
Phospholipids, are a class of lipids whose molecule has a hydrophilic "head" containing a phosphate group and two hydrophobic "tails" derived from fatty acids, joined by an alcohol residue. Marine phospholipids typically have omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA integrated as part of the phospholipid molecule. The phosphate group can be modified with simple organic molecules such as choline, ethanolamine or serine.
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera, are a basal animal clade as a sister of the Diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells.
A Vienna sausage is a thin parboiled sausage traditionally made of pork and beef in a casing of sheep's intestine, then given a low temperature smoking. The word Wiener is German for Viennese. In Austria, the term "Wiener" is uncommon for this food item, which instead is usually called Frankfurter Würstl.
Okadaic acid, C44H68O13, is a toxin produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. One of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, okadaic acid and other members of its family have shined light upon many biological processes both with respect to dinoflagellete polyketide synthesis as well as the role of protein phosphatases in cell growth.
5-Bromo-DMT (5-bromo-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a psychedelic brominated indole alkaloid found in the sponges Smenospongia aurea and Smenospongia echina, as well as in Verongula rigida alongside 5,6-Dibromo-DMT and seven other alkaloids. It is the 5-bromo derivative of DMT, a psychedelic found in many plants and animals.
MDPI, acronym of Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, is a publisher of open access scientific journals. Founded by Shu-Kun Lin as a chemical sample archive, it publishes over 380 diverse, peer-reviewed, open access journals and is continuously expanding its portfolio. MDPI is the largest open access publisher in the world and the fifth largest publisher overall in terms of journal paper output. The number of published papers has been growing significantly in the last decade with year over year growth of over 50% in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Palau'amine is a toxic alkaloid compound synthesized naturally by Stylotella agminata, a species of sea sponge found in the southwest Pacific Ocean. The name of the molecule derives from the island nation of Palau, near which the sponges are found.
Tenacibaculum mesophilum is a bacterium. It was first isolated from sponge and green algae which were collected on the coast of Japan and Palau. Its type strain is MBIC 1140T.
Daphnoretin is a protein kinase C activator isolated from Wikstroemia indica C.A. Mey, one of the 50 fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. It has also been found to occur in Stellera chamaejasme - the single species in a genus closely related to Wikstroemia within the family Thymelaceae.
Spongiacidins are bio-active isolates of marine sponge.
Nicotinamide riboside (NR, SR647) is a pyridine-nucleoside similar to vitamin B3, functioning as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD+.
Poribacteria are a candidate phylum of bacteria originally discovered in the microbiome of marine sponges (Porifera). Poribacteria are Gram-negative primarily aerobic mixotrophs with the ability for oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and autotrophic carbon fixation via the Wood – Ljungdahl pathway. Poribacterial heterotrophy is characterised by an enriched set of glycoside hydrolases, uronic acid degradation, as well as several specific sulfatases. This heterotrophic repertoire of poribacteria was suggested to be involved in the degradation of the extracellular sponge host matrix.
Microbial symbiosis in marine animals was not discovered until 1981. In the time following, symbiotic relationships between marine invertebrates and chemoautotrophic bacteria have been found in a variety of ecosystems, ranging from shallow coastal waters to deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Symbiosis is a way for marine organisms to find creative ways to survive in a very dynamic environment. They are different in relation to how dependent the organisms are on each other or how they are associated. It is also considered a selective force behind evolution in some scientific aspects. The symbiotic relationships of organisms has the ability to change behavior, morphology and metabolic pathways. With increased recognition and research, new terminology also arises, such as holobiont, which the relationship between a host and its symbionts as one grouping. Many scientists will look at the hologenome, which is the combined genetic information of the host and its symbionts. These terms are more commonly used to describe microbial symbionts.
Dysidea arenaria is a species of marine sponge (poriferan) found in the Pacific Ocean. It is a member of the order Dictyoceratida, one of two sponge orders that make up the keratose or "horny" sponges in which a mineral skeleton is absent and a skeleton of organic fibers is present instead.
Geodia barretti is a massive deep-sea sponge species found in the boreal waters of the North Atlantic Ocean, and is fairly common on the coasts of Norway and Sweden. It is a dominant species in boreal sponge grounds. Supported by morphology and molecular data, this species is classified in the family Geodiidae.
Guanitoxin (GNT), formerly known as anatoxin-a(S) "Salivary", is a naturally occurring cyanotoxin commonly isolated from cyanobacteria and causes excess salivation in mammals via inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Guanitoxin was first structurally characterized in 1989, and consists of a cyclic N-hydroxyguanine organophosphate with a phosphate ester moiety.
Mycale hentscheli is a marine sponge, which is known to be a rich source of bioactive small molecules. These natural products originate from the sponge's microbiota. Examples of these molecules include the potent cytotoxic polyketides: pateamine, peloruside, and mycalamide.
6-Bromotryptamine is a substituted tryptamine that is a marine natural product.
5,6-Dibromotryptamine is a substituted tryptamine and indolic alkaloid found in some marine sponges such as Hyrtios sp. found in the South Pacific area. 5,6-dibromotryptamine is potentially an anti bacterial and anti cancer agent.
5,6-Dibromo-DMT is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid found in some marine sponges. It is briefly mentioned in Alexander Shulgin's book TiHKAL under the DMT entry and is stated to be found, along with other typtamines, in Smenospongia aurea and other sponges.
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