Demographics of Ottawa

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Demographics of Ottawa
Ottawa population pyramid in 2021.svg
Population pyramid of Ottawa in 2021
Population1,017,449 (2021)
Map of Ottawa showing the francophone concentrations Francoottawa.PNG
Map of Ottawa showing the francophone concentrations

In 2021, the population of the city of Ottawa was 1,017,449. [1] The population of the census metropolitan area, Ottawa-Gatineau, was 1,488,307. [2]

Contents

Population history

Current boundaries
YearPop.±%
1901101,102—    
1911123,417+22.1%
1921152,868+23.9%
1931174,056+13.9%
1941206,367+18.6%
1951246,298+19.3%
1956287,244+16.6%
1961358,410+24.8%
1966413,695+15.4%
1971471,931+14.1%
1976520,533+10.3%
1981546,849+5.1%
1986606,639+10.9%
1991678,147+11.8%
1996 721,136+6.3%
2001 [N 1] 774,072+7.3%
2006 812,129+4.9%
2011 883,391+8.8%
2016 934,243+5.8%
2021 1,017,449+8.9%
Sources: [5] [6] [7] [8] [3] [9] [10] [1]
Former boundaries
YearPop.±%
187121,545—    
188127,412+27.2%
189144,154+61.1%
190159,928+35.7%
1911 87,062+45.3%
1921107,843+23.9%
1931126,872+17.6%
1941154,951+22.1%
1951202,045+30.4%
1956222,129+9.9%
1961268,206+20.7%
1966290,741+8.4%
1971302,341+4.0%
1976304,462+0.7%
1981295,163−3.1%
1986300,763+1.9%
1991313,987+4.4%
1996 323,340+3.0%
2001 [N 1] 337,031+4.2%
2006 [11] 329,180−2.3%
2011 [11] 337,761+2.6%
2016 [11] 341,998+1.3%
2021 [11] 360,211+5.3%
Sources: [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]
Census metropolitan area
YearPop.±%
1991941,814—    
1996 1,010,498+7.3%
2001 1,067,800+5.7%
2006 1,133,633+6.2%
2011 1,236,324+9.1%
2016 1,371,576+10.9%
2021 1,488,307+8.5%
Sources: [19] [20]

Age and sex

In 2001, females made up 51.2% of the amalgamated Ottawa population, while the median age of the population was 36.7 years of age. [21] Youths under 15 years of age comprised 18.9% of the total population, while those of retirement age (65 years and older) comprised 11.4%. [21]

Migration and immigration

Between 1987 and 2002, 131,816 individuals relocated to the city, which represents 75% of the population growth for that period. [22] Foreign immigration plays a significant role in Ottawa's population growth. [23] Foreign born residents make up 23.4 percent of Ottawa's population, in which many come from the United Kingdom, China, India, the United States, Lebanon, Pakistan, Somalia, Iran, the Philippines, Vietnam, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Haiti.

Languages

The Algonquian languages have been spoken for centuries by the Indigenous peoples and subsequently by the coureurs des bois and voyageurs of the Ottawa valley during the 1600s and 1700s. [24] Starting in the mid-1800s, Irish settlers of the Ottawa valley develop a distinct dialect referred to as "Ottawa Valley Twang". [25] Traces of "Valley Twang" although rare, can still be heard in the valley's more isolated areas. [26]

The city offers municipal services in both of Canada's official languages (Canadian English and Canadian French). [27] 367,035 people, or 36.45% of Ottawa's population, can speak both languages. [9] As such it is the largest city in Canada where municipal services are offered in both English and French. [28] However, the city is not officially bilingual in law. Those who identify their mother tongue as English constitute 58.18 percent, while those with French as their mother tongue make up 12.52 percent of the population. In terms of respondents' knowledge of one or both official languages, 60.60 percent and 1.42 percent of the population have knowledge of English only and French only, respectively; while 37.2 percent have knowledge of both official languages. An additional 23.06 percent list languages other than English and French as their mother tongue. These include Arabic (4.33%), Chinese (3.32%), Spanish (1.4%), Italian (0.79%), and many others. [29]

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Ottawa, Ontario [30]
CensusTotal
French
English
French & English
Other
YearResponsesCountTrendPop %Increase (% pts)CountTrendPop %Increase (% pts)CountTrendPop %CountTrendPop %Increase (% pts)
2021
1,006,965
126,030Decrease2.svg -0.94%12.52%-1.09%585,865Increase2.svg 4.23%58.18%-1.97%22,595Increase2.svg 83.77%2.24%.93%232,210Increase2.svg 15.86%23.06%1.57%
2016
934,391
127,225Increase2.svg 2.66%13.61%-.41%562,070Increase2.svg 3.31%60.15%-1.43%12,295Increase2.svg 14.31%1.31%.11%200,420Increase2.svg 12.52%21.49%1.33%
2011
883 391
123,925Increase2.svg 3.75%14.02%-.88%544,045Increase2.svg 8.4%61.58%-1.05%10,755Increase2.svg 57.89%1.2%.35%178,120Increase2.svg 2.87%20.16%-1.44%
2006
801 275
119,445Increase2.svg 3.67%14.9%-.18%501,870Increase2.svg 3.3%62.63%-.97%6,815Decrease2.svg 8.46%0.85%-.12%173,145Increase2.svg 11.51%21.6%1.27%
2001
763 790
115,220Increase2.svg 144.55%15.08%.31%485,825Increase2.svg 147%63.6%1.85%7,445Increase2.svg 123.23%0.97%-.07%155,295Increase2.svg 129.59%20.33%-.88%
1996
318 990
47,115n/a14.77%n/a196,980n/a61.75%n/a3,335n/a1.04%n/a67,670n/a21.21%n/a

Ethnicity

City of Ottawa

Pie chart of the ethnic breakdown of Ottawa from the 2021 census. [31]

  European (64.9%)
   Black (8.5%)
   Arab (5.8%)
   South Asian (5.8%)
   Chinese (4.6%)
   Indigenous (2.6%)
   Southeast Asian (1.5%)
   Filipino (1.4%)
   Latin American (1.4%)
   West Asian (1.3%)
  Multiple visible minorities (1.1%)
   Korean (0.4%)
  Visible minority not included elsewhere (0.4%)
   Japanese (0.2%)

Members of visible minority groups (non-white/European) constitute 32.5 percent, while those of Indigenous origin make up 2.6% of the total population. The largest visible minority groups are: Black Canadians: 8.5%, Arab Canadians: 5.8%, South Asian Canadians: 5.8%, and Chinese Canadians: 4.6%. Smaller groups include Southeast Asians, Filipinos, Latin Americans, and West Asians. [31]

Panethnic groups in the City of Ottawa (2001−2021)
Panethnic
group		2021 [31] 2016 [32] 2011 [33] 2006 [34] 2001 [35]
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
European [lower-alpha 1] 649,580652,650643,750627,300617,920
African 84,76560,20549,65039,07034,645
Middle Eastern [lower-alpha 2] 71,43549,92039,93030,16025,415
South Asian 57,82038,75033,80526,51021,705
East Asian [lower-alpha 3] 52,61046,34039,11034,56030,625
Southeast Asian [lower-alpha 4] 29,28024,40524,18017,51013,525
Indigenous 26,39522,96018,18012,2508,625
Latin American 14,35011,15010,2558,0756,455
Other/Multiracial [lower-alpha 5] 14,69010,4708,2305,8354,870
Total responses1,000,935916,860867,085801,270763,790
Total population1,017,449934,243883,391812,129774,072
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses


Metro Ottawa

Panethnic groups in Metro Ottawa (2001−2021)
Panethnic
group		2021 [36] [37] 2016 [38] 2011 [39] 2006 [40] 2001 [41]
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
European [lower-alpha 6] 1,036,525981,625951,160917,235888,590
African 114,22577,99560,66045,06038,185
Middle Eastern [lower-alpha 2] 83,73059,44547,15534,68528,285
South Asian 60,78039,98034,79527,13022,280
East Asian [lower-alpha 3] 57,46049,66041,96036,52531,980
Indigenous 46,54038,12030,56520,59013,485
Southeast Asian [lower-alpha 4] 32,99526,44026,00019,00514,740
Latin American 20,62515,63014,27010,6307,655
Other/Multiracial [lower-alpha 5] 17,09511,8159,1756,2605,560
Total responses1,464,4951,300,7301,215,7351,117,1201,050,755
Total population1,488,3071,323,7831,236,3241,130,7611,063,664
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Religion

City of Ottawa

In the 2021 Canadian Census, [42] 52.8% of the population belonged to Christian denominations, down from 65.4% in 2011. [43] Catholics were the most common at 30.4%, down from 38.4% in 2011. Protestants were 11.4% of the population (19.5% in 2011), while Christian orthodox were 2.1% and Christians of no specified denomination were 6.4%. Other Christian/Christian related traditions (Including Mormons and Jehovah's Witnesses) made up 2.5%. Non-Christian religions are also very well established in Ottawa, the largest being Islam: 9.9% (6.7% in 2011), Hinduism: 2% (1.4% in 2011), Buddhism: 1.2% (1.3% in 2011), and Judaism: 1.1% (1.2% in 2011.) Residents with no religion and/or secular perspectives make up 31.6% of Ottawa's population, up from 21.8% in 2011.

Religions in the City of Ottawa
(only religions with more than 1% of the population listed)
Religion %
Christianity 52.8%
   Catholicism 30.4%
   Anglicanism 4.1%
   United Church 3.4%
   Christian Orthodox 2.1%
   Pentecostal (and other Charismatic)1.2%
Islam 9.9%
Hinduism 2.0%
Others1.5%
Buddhism 1.2%
Judaism 1.1%
No religion 31.6%

Metro Ottawa

Religious groups in Metro Ottawa (1981−2021)
Religious group 2021 [44] 2011 [45] 2001 [46] 1991 [47] [48] 1981 [49] [50]
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
Christianity Christian cross.svg 824,655850,925833,770776,905644,200
Irreligion 462,555252,795139,70593,28548,050
Islam Star and Crescent.svg 114,78065,88041,72517,5854,325
Hinduism Om.svg 21,20512,2958,1504,7852,900
Buddhism Dharma Wheel (2).svg 12,18512,8609,9856,0152,165
Judaism Star of David.svg 11,39510,98011,3259,9108,470
Sikhism Khanda.svg 6,7303,4452,6451,575605
Indigenous spirituality 745375——————
Other 10,2506,1853,4452,0251,205
Total responses1,464,5001,215,7351,050,755912,100711,920
Total population1,488,3071,254,9191,063,664920,857717,978

Populations per neighbourhood (old City of Ottawa)

The following are populations of neighbourhoods that generally correspond to Statistics Canada census tracts.

NeighbourhoodPopulation (2021)Population (2016)Population (2011)Population (2006)Population (2001) [51] Population (1996) [52] Population (1991) [52] Area (km2)Density (per km2)Census tract(s)
Alta Vista (west)10,5679,97310,1979,4599,1548,9018,9234.762220.05050006.00 [53] 5050005.00 [54]
Bel-Air Heights-Bel-Air Park-Braemar Park-Copeland Park 9,4418,9688,9678,6139,1779,3299,6712.663549.25050023.01 [55] [56] and 5050024.00 [57] [58]
Britannia-Michele Heights-Lincoln Heights-Belltown 11,54111,29211,46911,43512,08812,14411,7492.804121.85050029.00 [59] [60] and 5050030.00 [61] [62]
Carleton Heights (south)2,9012,8882,8722,3652,4372,4352,4771.511921.25050020.02 [63]
Carlington 12,38411,63811,88211,51212,59312,21012,2833.883191.85050021.00 [64] [65] and 5050022.00 [66] [67]
Carlingwood 3,6223,5583,3763,3363,3093,1933,1650.784643.65050032.01 [68] [69]
Carson Meadows-Rockcliffe Mews-Carson Grove (Quarries)6,1585,7865,5615,6384,4184,2203,9781.843346.75050062.01 [70]
Central Park 3,9703,8883,8323,4031,680N/A [N 2] 0.914362.65050023.02 [71] [72]
Centretown (incl. Golden Triangle)25,68723,82321,53620,51321,15920,29319,2382.0812349.55050040.00 [73] 5050039.00 [74] 5050038.00 [75] 5050037.00 [76] (5050037.01 and 5050037.02 in 2021) 5050049.00 [77]
Centretown West (Dalhousie; incl. Glebe Annex)12,60111,53612,02211,91512,78612,26612,1701.946495.45050041.00 [78] 5050042.00 [79] 5050035.00 [80]
Civic Hospital 3,5643,6313,6563,4403,4833,6283,5331.282784.45050034.00 [81]
Downtown 5,5014,8764,1233,7183,6203,7433,3801.264365.95050048.00 [82]
Elmvale Acres 3,3133,2713,2803,2543,3543,4383,4691.033216.55050009.00 [83]
Forbes 5,5495,3045,3455,2835,4575,0425,3271.374050.45050061.00 [84]
Foster Farm-Queensway Terrace North-Britannia Heights 6,8266,6496,8446,8007,1926,7986,5731.973465.05050028.00 [85] [86]
The Glebe 11,92211,55911,18410,88611,36911,22411,3752.564657.05050019.00 [87] 5050018.00 [88] 5050036.00 [89]
Greenboro 11,96512,09512,11311,3149,8848,548 [N 3] 3.953029.15050001.05 [90] 5050001.06 [91]
Hawthorne Meadows 3,9753,8663,7873,9384,2494,1244,1020.636309.55050010.00 [92]
Heron Gate-Ellwood (incl. Banff-Ledbury, Heatherington)13,08512,66312,69412,20313,11912,18011,6802.435384.85050007.02 [93] 5050001.01 [94]
Heron Park 4,1473,8243,8293,8913,9293,7523,8181.882205.95050004.00 [95]
Highland Park-McKellar Park-Woodroffe North 11,23711,12110,3319,8739,9699,8599,7072.883901.75050033.01 [96] [97] and 5050032.02 [98] [99]
Hintonburg-Mechanicsville 10,2179,2829,0418,9089,5889,2008,3221.706010.05050046.00 [100] 5050043.00 [101]
Hunt Club Estate 5,1945,1165,0904,9825,1853,845 [N 4] 1.373,791.25050002.05 [102]
Hunt Club Park 8,5568,8258,9378,9038,9568,0565,0335.581533.35050001.08 [103] 5050001.07 [104]
Hunt Club Woods 2,6662,6092,6732,7812,5653,887 [N 4] 4.49593.85050002.06 [105]
Laurentian View (Hampton-Iona)3,6303,1982,8522,7822,9432,9512,9501.023558.85050033.02 [106] [107]
LeBreton Flats 847620373575045560.841008.35050047.00 [108]
Lower Town-ByWard Market 13,52912,85612,18311,37711,13410,46310,5502.066567.55050055.00 [109] 5050054.00 [110] 5050056.00 [111] 5050053.00 [112]
Manor Park 8,0707,7167,6657,6527,9708,0557,4372.902782.85050059.00 [113] 5050060.00 [114]
New Edinburgh-Lindenlea 5,6345,3855,3115,4595,2605,3715,2641.423967.65050057.00 [115] [116] 5050058.00 [117] [118]
Ottawa East (north)6,2735,1905,1104,9075,8654,4584,4671.115651.45050015.00 [119]
Ottawa South-Rideau Gardens 8,7398,6388,4628,1688,1608,0278,1082.034304.95050017.00 [120] 5050016.00 [121]
Overbrook-Castle Heights 10,2589,2899,6509,4379,8399,5799,4113.043374.35050013.00 [122] 5050012.00 [123]
Playfair Park 2,4632,2302,2542,2712,3432,1262,1260.842932.15050007.01 [124]
Quinterra 1,3461,3811,3631,10491150261.181140.75050002.04 [125]
Redwood 3,8963,8563,8174,0954,2934,1904,3940.755194.75050027.00 [126] [127]
Rideauview-Courtland Park 5,7205,0085,5045,7926,5375,9635,8005.75994.85050020.01 [128]
Ridgeview-Parkway Park-Queensway Terrace South-Kenson Park 5,5425,3675,3555,4485,6355,6115,3962.222496.45050026.00 [129] [130]
Riverside Park (north)4,6924,6174,5644,5815,2114,6555,0643.201466.35050003.00 [131]
Riverside Park South-Mooney's Bay 3,0302,8852,8932,9233,0863,2203,4062.581174.45050002.01 [132]
Riverview-Sheffield Glen-Eastway Gardens 16,58715,56415,54415,17715,60014,74714,49811.071498.45050011.03 [133] 5050011.04 [134] 5050011.01 [135]
Sandy Hill 12,87112,07012,45112,07813,23212,69711,9382.076217.95050050.00 [136] 5050051.00 [137] 5050014.00 [138] 5050052.00 [139]
South Keys 2,8652,7182,8492,7772,9822,859 [N 3] 1.362106.65050001.04 [140]
Urbandale (Canterbury)4,8364,6224,5974,6864,7884,8634,9061.553120.05050008.00 [141]
Urbandale Acres-Guildwood Estates 3,7233,7313,7193,7863,8773,9294,1411.213076.95050007.03 [142]
Viscount Alexander Park (CFB Rockcliffe, Wateridge, Fairhaven)2,7371,6861,7242,0692,8703,3952,9074.77573.85050062.02 [143]
Wellington Village (Hampton Park)2,5252,5472,5642,4092,4932,4512,3940.683713.25050044.00 [144] [145]
Western Community (Hunt Club Chase)3,4453,4703,5113,5753,5203,6813,7241.522266.45050002.02 [146]
Westboro Village-Westboro Beach-Champlain Park 9,0618,4508,1357,3966,9126,8476,0823.272770.95050045.00 [147] [148] (5050045.01 and 5050045.02 in 2021)
Whitehaven-Glabar Park-McKellar Heights 5,7495,5145,3295,5065,3885,4195,3762.482318.15050025.00 [149]
Woodpark 5,5545,3495,3415,3055,3925,3545,4091.115003.65050031.00 [150] [151]

Notes

  1. 1 2 In early 2001, the Province of Ontario dissolved the former City of Ottawa by amalgamating it with eleven other municipalities to form a new City of Ottawa. The 1996 adjusted population of the amalgamated city published in the 2001 census was 721,136, [3] while the population of the dissolved former City of Ottawa in 2001 was 337,031. [4]
  2. ↑ Central Park's Census Tract did not exist during these censuses. The neighbourhood was built in the late 1990s
  3. 1 2 Greenboro and South Keys combined were in the same Census Tract with a population of 10,468
  4. 1 2 Hunt Club Estate and Hunt Club Woods/Uplands combined were in the same Census Tract with a population of 7,716
  1. ↑ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  2. 1 2 Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  3. 1 2 Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  4. 1 2 Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  5. 1 2 Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
  6. ↑ 2001-2016: Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.

    2021: Statistic includes all persons belonging to the non-indigenous and non-visible minority “White” population group.

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In the 2021 Census, the City of Calgary had a population of 1,306,784 residents, representing 30.7% of the 4,262,635 residents in all of Alberta, and 3.5% compared to a population of 36,991,981 in all of Canada. The total population of the Calgary census metropolitan area (CMA) was 1,481,806. Calgary is the largest city in Alberta, and the third-largest municipality and fifth-largest metropolitan area in Canada, as of 2021.

The demographics of Winnipeg reveal the city to be a typically Canadian one: multicultural and multilingual. Winnipeg is also prominent in the size and ratio of its First Nations population, which plays an important part in the city's makeup. About 12.4% of Winnipeggers are of Indigenous descent, which vastly exceeds the national average of 5.0%.

Edmonds is a neighbourhood in the southeast of Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. It is one of the city's four officially designated town centres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greeks of Toronto</span> Ethnic group

The Greeks of Toronto comprises Greek immigrants and their descendants living in Toronto, Canada.

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  138. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050014.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  139. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050052.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  140. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050001.04 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  141. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050008.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  142. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050007.03 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  143. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050062.02 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  144. ↑ "Census Profile: 5050044.00, Ontario (Census tract)". Statistics Canada. 2012-07-09. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  145. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050044.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  146. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050002.02 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  147. ↑ "Census Profile: 5050045.00, Ontario (Census tract)". Statistics Canada. 2012-07-09. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  148. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050045.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  149. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050025.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  150. ↑ "Census Profile: 5050031.00, Ontario (Census tract)". Statistics Canada. 2012-07-09. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  151. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census - 5050031.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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