Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | December 20,2017 |
Dissipated | December 26,2017 |
Typhoon | |
10-minute sustained (JMA) | |
Highest winds | 130 km/h (80 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 970 hPa (mbar);28.64 inHg |
Category 2-equivalent typhoon | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
Highest winds | 155 km/h (100 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 959 hPa (mbar);28.32 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 266 total |
Damage | $42 million (2017 USD) |
Areas affected | Palau,Philippines,Malaysia,Vietnam |
IBTrACS | |
Part of the 2017 Pacific typhoon season |
Typhoon Tembin,known in the Philippines as Typhoon Vinta,was the deadliest tropical cyclone to strike Mindanao since Typhoon Bopha in 2012. Following and impacting the Philippines less than a few days after the deadly Tropical Storm Kai-tak,Tembin,which means Libra in Japanese,the twenty-seventh named storm and the eleventh typhoon of the 2017 Pacific typhoon season. It was first classified as a weak tropical depression on December 16. The system gradually intensified and consolidated into a tropical storm on December 20. Tembin made landfall in Mindanao late the next day. On December 23,Tembin followed a path towards the South China Sea and intensified into a typhoon early the following day. Quick intensification ensued and Tembin reached its peak intensity as a low-end Category 2 typhoon as assessed by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center on December 24. Unfavorable conditions enhanced by the winter monsoon caused Tembin to rapidly weaken shortly afterwards,before it ultimately dissipated on December 26 while just south of Vietnam.
Tembin caused a total of 266 deaths, [1] [2] [3] five of which were from a sinking of a ferry due to rough seas caused by the storm. [4] [5]
During December 14, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) started to publicly monitor a tropical disturbance that had developed about 620 km (385 mi) to the south-southeast of Chuuk State. [6] At this time, the disturbance had a broad low-level circulation center, while atmospheric convection surrounding the system was poorly organized. [6] Over the next couple of days, the disturbance gradually developed further as it moved west-northwestwards within an area of favorable conditions for further development, including low vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures of 30–31 °C (86–88 °F). [6] [7] During December 16, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified the disturbance as a weak tropical depression, however they reclassified it as an area of low pressure during the following day. [8] [9] [10]
During December 20, the JMA reclassified the system as a tropical depression, after atmospheric convection had started to wrap into the low-level circulation center (LLCC). [11] [12] By this time the system was located about 85 km (55 mi) to the northwest of Melekeok, Palau, and moving northwestwards along the subtropical ridge towards Mindanao in the Philippines. [11] [13] Later the same day, the JTWC and PAGASA also classified the system as a tropical depression with the latter naming it as Vinta. [14] [15] Not long after, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm and named it Tembin. [13] [16] [17]
On December 21, satellite imagery revealed formative banding wrapping around Tembin's LLCC amid an environment of low to moderate vertical wind shear and warm waters of 29 °C (84 °F). Noting this increase in organization, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm as well. [18] By 12:00 UTC, the JMA found that Tembin had intensified further to a severe tropical storm. [19] Three hours later, the JTWC reported 1-minute sustained winds had increased to 75 km/h (45 mph). [20] Later, the PAGASA announced that Tembin made landfall in Cateel, Davao Oriental around 17:45 UTC. [21] Within the JTWC's next advisory on 21:00 UTC, they mentioned that feeder bands was wrapping in a central dense overcast feature that was obscuring its LLCC. [22] While Tembin traversed Mindanao, convection warmed and the storm slightly weakened, and the JMA downgraded the system back to a tropical storm at 03:00 UTC on December 22. [23] [24] However, Tembin strengthened back into a severe tropical storm several hours later, just after making its second landfall near Balabac, Palawan. [25] Following the course of Severe Tropical Storm Linda, impact in Vietnam and the Mekong Delta was presumed. [26] As a weak late-season tropical cyclone, Tembin dissipated near Cape Cà Mau on December 26. [27]
Province | Fatalities | Ref |
---|---|---|
Bukidnon | 6 | [1] |
Davao Region | 4 | [2] |
Iligan | 1 | [1] |
Lanao del Norte | 135 | [2] |
Lanao del Sur | 27 | [3] |
Misamis Occidental | 1 | [1] |
Palawan | 9 | [28] |
Quezon | 5 | [4] |
Zamboanga del Norte | 78 | [3] |
Totals: | 266 |
During December 20, as PAGASA issued its first advisory on the system, Public Storm Warning Signal No. 1 was raised over Surigao del Sur and the northern portion of Davao Oriental Province. [29] Mayor Sara Duterte announced the suspension of classes for all school levels in Davao City, from December 21–23, and other provinces followed suit. [30] It was forecast that the storm would bring gusty winds ranging from 95 to 140 km/h (59 to 87 mph) over Mindanao, and both Palawan and northern Sabah were warned to have an estimated rainfall of 125–500 mm (4.9–19.7 in), increasing the risk of mudslides and flash floods. [31] As the storm moved closer, PAGASA subsequently listed more provinces under Signal #1, such as the Compostela Valley, Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur. Widespread rains were expected over in the areas of eastern Mindanao and Eastern Visayas. [32]
On December 22, 30 flights were canceled at Mactan–Cebu International Airport as Tembin (Vinta) intensified into a tropical storm. About 200 passengers were affected from the canceled flights and were seen staying in the airport. [33] Ninoy Aquino International Airport had also canceled a total of 21 flights directed towards either Visayas or Mindanao. [34] The Cebu City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office (CCDRMO) also advised the public to delay their trips to the south and let the storm pass through before leaving their homes. [35] About 28 vessels were not allowed to sail in some Cebu ports, which were bound for Bohol, Negros Occidental, Leyte and Mindanao, despite the area was not listed under a storm signal warning. This resulted in 1,531 passengers stranded in various ports, including 115 rolling cargoes. [36] Ferry services were also suspended in Samal Island and much of Davao as PAGASA raised Davao del Norte to a Public Storm Signal Warning No. 2. [37]
In Compostela Valley, about 1,709 people were evacuated due to possible landslides and storm surge while some towns in Davao Oriental had 5,000 individuals evacuated. [37] The mayor of Lupon announced the suspension of work on December 22, and ordered the prepositioning of relief goods, rescue teams and equipment. [37] A fire broke out in the town of Banaybanay due to heavy rains on 18:00 UTC of December 22. [34] Three bridges were closed due to rising water levels in Cagayan de Oro, where 1,719 individuals were forced to evacuate. [34] Roughly 30,000 people were either stranded in ports or stayed in evacuation centers while 22,000 people moved to higher ground due to flooding. [34] After the storm, on December 25, two towns in Zamboanga del Norte were under a state of calamity because of the flooding caused by the storm, which also made several roads and bridges impassible as they were covered in mud. [38]
According to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, about 70,000 people were either displaced or affected by the storm. [39] Rough seas were observed off Quezon Province, which resulted in an accident where a ferry carrying about 250 passengers sank off Infanta, killing five people. [4] A total of 252 fatalities were reported in the archipelago of Mindanao, of which 135 were reported in the province of Lanao del Norte. [1] [2] [3] Estimated damages reached around ₱2.1 billion (US$42 million). [40]
On December 24, Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc instructed the southern provinces to focus on preparing for the coming storm. [41] Initially, approximately 650,000 people evacuated, of which most hailed from the southern provinces. Many provinces instructed all students and workers to stay at home except for disaster response personnel. [41] The province of Quảng Ngãi was forecast to experience heavy downpours with the Mekong Delta having about 150 mm (5.9 in) of rain while Ho Chi Minh City was expected to experience 10 cm (3.9 in) of rain from December 25–26. [41] [42] Some provinces near shorelines like Cà Mau and Bình Thuận banned fishing vessels to go out in sea from 09:00 UTC of December 23, though only 743 vessels docked to safe ports by December 27. [43] Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province had only came up with two evacuation plans for 36,752 individuals. [43]
Some flights and ships were canceled and resulted in over 4,000 visitors, including nearly 2,200 foreigners being stranded on Phú Quốc. [44] The number of evacuees increased further to roughly 1 million individuals by December 26. [44]
Following the devastation of Tembin (Vinta), Davao City was declared in a state of calamity on December 25. [45] The local government also helped release ₱83.4 million (US$1.67 million) of calamity fund to aid in its residents’ relief goods, medical, and financial needs. [45] On December 27, another state of calamity was raised in the island of Palawan after the storm had caused extensive damages in many towns, especially in one barangay where 80% of infrastructure was damaged and nearly 200 homes flattened. [46] The government also provided ₱12 million (US$248,000) worth of aid to the victims. [47] A spokesperson from the NDRRMC had stated that the unusual high death toll was "unacceptable" although the government had properly provided information and prepared early for the storm. [47]
The PAGASA announced that the name Vinta had been retired from their naming lists after causing more than ₱1 billion worth of damages and it will never be used again as a typhoon name within the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). In January 2018, it will be replaced with Verbena for future seasons.
Due to the damage and high death toll in Mindanao, the name Tembin was officially retired during the 50th annual session of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee in February 2018. In February 2019, the Typhoon Committee replaced the name Koinu , which was used for the first time in the 2023 season. [48]
The 2008 Pacific typhoon season was a below average season which featured 22 named storms, eleven typhoons, and two super typhoons. The season had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 2008, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 2012 Pacific typhoon season was a slightly above average season that produced 25 named storms, fourteen typhoons, and four intense typhoons. It was a destructive and the second consecutive year to be the deadliest season, primarily due to Typhoon Bopha which killed 1,901 people in the Philippines. It was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones form in the western Pacific Ocean. The season ran throughout 2012, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October. The season's first named storm, Pakhar, developed on March 28, while the season's last named storm, Wukong, dissipated on December 29. The season's first typhoon, Guchol, reached typhoon status on June 15, and became the first super typhoon of the year on June 17.
Typhoon Kujira, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Dante, was first reported by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) on April 28. It was the fourth depression and the first typhoon of the season. The disturbance dissipated later that day however it regenerated early on April 30 within the southern islands of Luzon. It was then designated as a Tropical Depression during the next morning by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), with PAGASA assigning the name Dante to the depression. However the JTWC did not designate the system as a depression until early on May 2 which was after the depression had made landfall on the Philippines. Later that day Dante was upgraded to a Tropical Storm and was named as Kujira by the JMA. The cyclone started to rapidly intensify becoming a typhoon early on May 4, and then reaching its peak winds of 155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min), 215 km/h (135 mph) (1-min) later that day after a small clear eye had developed.
The 2013 Pacific typhoon season was the most active Pacific typhoon season since 2004, and the deadliest since 1975. It featured Typhoon Haiyan, one of the most powerful storms and one of the strongest landfalling tropical cyclones in history. It was an above-average season with 31 named storms, 13 typhoons, and five super typhoons. The season's first named storm, Sonamu, developed on January 4 while the season's last named storm, Podul, dissipated on November 15. Despite the activity, most of the first seventeen named storms before mid-September were relatively weak, as only two of them reached typhoon intensity. Total damage amounted to at least $26.41 billion (USD), making it at the time the costliest Pacific typhoon season on record; it is currently the fourth costliest, behind the 2018, 2019 and 2023 seasons.
The 2014 Pacific typhoon season was a slightly below average season in terms of named storms, but featured the highest amount of Category 5 typhoons since 1997. This was mainly due to a developing El Niño that favors multiple powerful storms to form in the basin. The season formed twenty-three tropical storms, eleven typhoons, eight super typhoons, and seven Category 5 typhoons. The season's peak months August and September saw minimal activity caused by an unusually strong and a persistent suppressing phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). The season ran throughout 2014, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October. The season began with the development of Tropical Storm Lingling on January 18, and ended after Tropical Storm Jangmi which dissipated on January 1 of the next year.
The 2017 Pacific typhoon season was a below-average season in terms of accumulated cyclone energy and the number of typhoons and super typhoons, and the first since the 1977 season to not produce a Category 5-equivalent typhoon on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The season produced a total of 27 named storms, 11 typhoons, and only two super typhoons, making it an average season in terms of storm numbers. It was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones form in the western Pacific Ocean. The season runs throughout 2017, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October. The season's first named storm, Muifa, developed on April 25, while the season's last named storm, Tembin, dissipated on December 26. This season also featured the latest occurrence of the first typhoon of the year since 1998, with Noru reaching this intensity on July 23.
Most of the tropical cyclones of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season formed between May and November of that year. The scope of this article is the Pacific Ocean north of the equator, between 100°E and the International Date Line. Tropical storms which form in the Western Pacific basin are assigned a name by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Tropical depressions forming in this basin are given a number with a "W" suffix by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility, but these names are not in common use outside the Philippines.
Typhoon Krosa, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Vinta, was a typhoon that made landfall in the northern Philippines in late October 2013. Forming on October 27 near Guam, the storm slowly intensified while moving westward. Krosa developed an eye and became a typhoon before striking Luzon on October 31. The storm weakened over land, but re-intensified over the South China Sea, reaching peak winds of 150 km/h (93 mph) on November 2 off the southeast coast of China. Typhoon Krosa stalled and encountered unfavorable conditions, resulting in quick weakening. By November 3, it had weakened to tropical storm status, and was no longer being warned on by the next day. In northern Luzon, Krosa damaged 32,000 houses, including 3,000 that were destroyed, and caused four fatalities. High winds and rainfall left ₱277 million in damage.
Tropical Storm Podul, known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Zoraida, was a weak but destructive tropical cyclone that affected the Philippines shortly after the devastating Typhoon Haiyan. The 31st named storm of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Podul developed as a tropical depression on November 11 between Palau and the Philippine island of Mindanao. The system moved west-northwestward and struck Davao Oriental in Mindanao on November 12, bringing heavy rainfall that killed two people and disrupted relief efforts following Haiyan. After crossing the Philippines, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Podul on November 14. Shortly thereafter, the storm struck southeastern Vietnam, and its circulation dissipated on November 15. In Vietnam, Podul produced heavy rainfall that resulted in severe flooding. The storm damaged or destroyed 427,258 houses, and overall damage was estimated at 4.1 trillion₫. Podul killed 44 people in the country and caused 66 injuries.
This timeline documents all of the events of the 2014 Pacific typhoon season. Most of the tropical cyclones forming between May and November. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator between 100°E and the International Date Line. Tropical storms that form in the entire Western Pacific basin are assigned a name by the Japan Meteorological Agency. Tropical depressions that form in this basin are given a number with a "W" suffix by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center. In addition, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility. These names, however, are not in common use outside of the Philippines.
Tropical Storm Lingling, known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Agaton, was a weak but deadly tropical cyclone that affected the Philippines in January 2014. The first named storm of the annual typhoon season, this early-season cyclone remained very disorganized throughout its lifespan. Lingling was the first major natural disaster in the Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan just two months earlier, as it caused widespread landslide incidents and floods in Mindanao, resulting in 70 deaths and damage amounting to over 566 million pesos on the island.
Typhoon Hagupit known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Ruby, was the second most intense tropical cyclone in 2014. Hagupit particularly impacted the Philippines in early December while gradually weakening, killing 18 people and causing $114 million of damage in the country. Prior to making landfall, Hagupit was considered the worst threat to the Philippines in 2014, but it was significantly smaller than 2013's Typhoon Haiyan.
Typhoon Melor, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Nona, was a powerful tropical cyclone that struck the Philippines in December 2015. The twenty-seventh named storm and the eighteenth typhoon of the annual typhoon season, Melor killed 51 people and caused ₱7.04 billion in damage.
Typhoon Nock-ten, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Nina, was the strongest Christmas Day tropical cyclone worldwide in terms of 1-minute sustained winds. Forming as a tropical depression southeast of Yap and strengthening into the twenty-sixth tropical storm of the annual typhoon season on December 21, 2016, Nock-ten intensified into the thirteenth typhoon of the season on December 23. Soon afterwards, the system underwent explosive intensification and became a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon early on December 25. Nock-ten weakened shortly afterwards before making eight landfalls over the Philippines. The typhoon weakened rapidly due to the landfalls as it entered the South China Sea on December 26, turned southwest, and ultimately dissipated on December 28 due to the winter monsoon.
Tropical Storm Kai-tak, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Urduja, was a late-season tropical cyclone that affected the Philippines during December 2017. The twenty-sixth named storm of the 2017 Pacific typhoon season, Kai-tak started as a tropical depression near Palau on December 11. Slowly intensifying, the system became a tropical storm on December 14. Due to its slow motion, Kai-tak made landfall in Samar on December 16, and traversed the Philippine islands. Kai-tak later moved in a west-southwestward direction until it dissipated on December 23 near Malaysia.
The 2021 Pacific typhoon season was the second consecutive to have below average tropical cyclone activity, with twenty-two named storms, and was the least active since 2011. Nine became typhoons, and five of those intensified into super typhoons. This low activity was caused by a strong La Niña that had persisted from the previous year. The season's first named storm, Dujuan, developed on February 16, while the last named storm, Rai, dissipated on December 21. The season's first typhoon, Surigae, reached typhoon status on April 16. It became the first super typhoon of the year on the next day, also becoming the strongest tropical cyclone in 2021. Surigae was also the most powerful tropical cyclone on record in the Northern Hemisphere for the month of April. Typhoons In-fa and Rai are responsible for more than half of the total damage this season, adding up to a combined total of $2.02 billion.
The 2022 Pacific typhoon season was the third consecutive season to have below average tropical cyclone activity, with twenty-five named storms forming. Of the tropical storms, ten became typhoons, and three would intensify into super typhoons. The season saw near-average activity by named storm count, although many of the storms were weak and short-lived, particularly towards the end of the season. This low activity was caused by an unusually strong La Niña that had persisted from 2020. The season's first named storm, Malakas, developed on April 6, while the last named storm, Pakhar, dissipated on December 12. The season's first typhoon, Malakas, reached typhoon status on April 12. The season ran throughout 2022, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October. Tropical storms Megi and Nalgae were responsible for more than half of the casualties, while typhoons Hinnamnor and Nanmadol both caused $1 billion in damages.
Tropical Storm Bolaven, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Agaton, was an early-season tropical cyclone that affected southern parts of the Philippines in January 2018. The first named storm of the 2018 Pacific typhoon season, Bolaven formed as a tropical depression near Palau on December 29, 2017. The system moved generally westwards without intensifying and made landfall over northeastern Mindanao on January 1, 2018. The depression spent the next day traversing the Philippines, making four more landfalls in the Visayas and one in Palawan. The system strengthened into a tropical storm on January 3 as it entered the South China Sea, receiving the name Bolaven. However, Bolaven weakened back to a tropical depression just a day later amid a marginal environment and dissipated on January 4 east of Vietnam.
Severe Tropical Storm Usagi, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Samuel, was a tropical cyclone that affected the Philippines and Southern Vietnam in late November 2018, causing severe damage around the Visayas region and Ho Chi Minh City. The storm formed from a disturbance in the Central Pacific basin on November 3, but did not develop into a tropical storm until almost three weeks later, on November 13. Usagi underwent rapid intensification and peaked in intensity before making its final landfall on Vũng Tàu, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province as a weakening tropical storm on November 25. While never considered as a typhoon by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) assessed its intensity to be equivalent to Category 2 status on the Saffir–Simpson scale. Usagi caused one death and ₱52.2 million (US$992,000) in damages in the Philippines, most of which came from agriculture. Usagi caused 3 deaths and ₫925 billion in damages in Vietnam.
Severe Tropical Storm Nalgae, known in the Philippines as Severe Tropical Storm Paeng, was a very large and deadly tropical cyclone that wreaked havoc across the Philippines and later impacted Hong Kong and Macau. Nalgae, meaning wing in Korean, the twenty-second named storm of the 2022 Pacific typhoon season, Nalgae originated from an invest located east of the Philippines on October 26. The disturbance, initially designated as 93W, was eventually upgraded the following day to a tropical depression by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and re-designated as 26W. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) however, had already considered the disturbance as a tropical depression a day prior to JTWC's; the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) also followed the JMA's lead and gave it the name Paeng. That same day, it was upgraded again by the JMA to tropical storm status, thus gaining the name Nalgae.
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