Indium trihydride

Indium trihydride

Names
Systematic IUPAC name Indigane [1] (substitutive) Trihydridoindium [1] (additive)
Other names Indium(III) hydride Indium trihydride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7440-74-6  N[ ChemSpider ]
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:30429  Y
ChemSpider	22435  Y
Gmelin Reference	163932
PubChem CID	24000
InChI InChI=1S/In.3H Y Key: CXQHBGCUHODCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
SMILES [InH3]
Properties
Chemical formula	InH3
Molar mass	117.842 g/mol
Melting point	−90 °C (−130 °F; 183 K) (decomposes)
Structure
Coordination geometry	Trigonal planar
Molecular shape	Dihedral
Related compounds
Related metallanes	Aluminium hydride Borane Hydrogen iodide Hydrogen telluride Rubidium hydride Stannane Stibine
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Indium trihydride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (InH₃). It has been observed in matrix isolation and laser ablation experiments. ^{[2] [3]} Gas phase stability has been predicted. ^[4] The infrared spectrum was obtained in the gas phase by laser ablation of indium in presence of hydrogen gas. ^[5] InH₃ is of no practical importance.

Chemical properties

Solid InH₃ is a three-dimensional network polymeric structure, where In atoms are connected by In-H-In bridging bonds, is suggested to account for the growth of broad infrared bands when samples of InH₃ and InD₃ produced on a solid hydrogen matrix are warmed. ^[5] Such a structure is known for solid AlH₃. ^[6] When heated above −90 °C, indium trihydride decomposes to produce indium–hydrogen alloy and elemental hydrogen. As of 2013, the only known method of synthesising indium trihydride is the autopolymerisation of indane below −90 °C.^{[ clarification needed ]}

Other indium hydrides

Structure of the adduct of InH₃ and tricyclohexylphosphine.

Several compounds with In-H bonds have been reported. ^[7] Examples of complexes with two hydride ligands replaced by other ligands are (K⁺)₃[K((CH₃)₂SiO)₇]⁺([InH(CH₂C(CH₃)₃)₃]⁻)₄ ^[8] and HIn(−C₆H₄−ortho-CH₂N(CH₃)₂)₂.

Although InH₃ is labile, adducts are known with the stoichiometry InH₃L_n (n = 1 or 2). ^[9] 1:1 amine adducts are made by the reaction of Li⁺[InH₄]⁻ (lithium tetrahydridoindate(III)) with a trialkylammonium salt. The trimethylamine complex is only stable below −30 °C or in dilute solution. The 1:1 and 1:2 complexes with tricyclohexylphosphine (PCy₃) have been characterised crystallographically. The average In-H bond length is 168 pm. ^[7] Indium hydride is also known to form adducts with NHCs. ^[10]

References

1. "Indigane (CHEBI:30429)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute.
2. Pullumbi, P.; Bouteiller, Y.; Manceron, L.; Mijoule, C. (July 1994). "Aluminium, gallium and indium trihydrides. An IR matrix isolation and ab initio study". Chemical Physics. 185 (1): 25–37. Bibcode:1994CP....185...25P. doi:10.1016/0301-0104(94)00111-1.
3. Aldridge, S.; Downs, A. J. (2001). "Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme". Chemical Reviews. 101 (11): 3305–65. doi:10.1021/cr960151d. PMID   11840988.
4. Hunt, P.; Schwerdtfeger, P. (1996). "Are the Compounds InH₃ and TlH₃ Stable Gas Phase or Solid State Species?". Inorganic Chemistry. 35 (7): 2085–2088. doi:10.1021/ic950411u.
5. Andrews, L.; Wang, X. (2004). "Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and of Solid Indane". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 43 (13): 1706–1709. doi:10.1002/anie.200353216. PMID   15038043.
6. Turley, J. W.; Rinn, H. W. (1969). "The Crystal Structure of Aluminum Hydride". Inorganic Chemistry. 8 (1): 18–22. doi:10.1021/ic50071a005.
7. Jones, C. (2001). "The stabilisation and reactivity of indium trihydride complexes". Chemical Communications (22): 2293–2298. doi:10.1039/b107285b. ISSN   1359-7345. PMID   12240044.
8. Rowen Churchill, M.; Lake, C. H.; Chao, S.-H. L.; Beachley, O. T. (1993). "Silicone grease as a precursor to a pseudo crown ether ligand: crystal structure of [K⁺]₃[K(Me₂SiO)₇⁺][InH(CH₂CMe₃)₃^–]₄". Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications. 1993 (20): 1577–1578. doi:10.1039/C39930001577.
9. Wang, X.; Andrews, L. (20 May 2004). "Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and Neon". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 108 (20): 4440–4448. Bibcode:2004JPCA..108.4440W. doi:10.1021/jp037942l.
10. Abernethy, C. D.; Cole, M. L.; Jones, C. (2000). "Preparation, Characterization, and Reactivity of the Stable Indium Trihydride Complex [InH₃{IMes}]". Organometallics. 19 (23): 4852–4857. doi:10.1021/om0004951.