Manganese(II) iodide

Last updated
Manganese(II) iodide
Manganese(II)-iodide-xtal-layer-3D-bs-17.png
Manganese(II)-iodide-xtal-packing-3D-bs-17.png
MnI2(aq)4.svg
Names
IUPAC name
Manganese(II) iodide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.274 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 232-201-6
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2HI.Mn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 X mark.svgN
    Key: QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L X mark.svgN
  • InChI=1/2HI.Mn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
    Key: QWYFOIJABGVEFP-NUQVWONBAL
  • [Mn+2].[I-].[I-]
Properties
MnI2
Molar mass 308.747 g/mol
Appearancepink crystalline
Density 5.01 g/cm3
Melting point 701 °C (1,294 °F; 974 K) (anhydrous)
80 °C (tetrahydrate)
Boiling point 1,033 °C (1,891 °F; 1,306 K)
soluble
+14,400·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Rhombohedral, hP3, SpaceGroup = P-3m1, No. 164
octahedral
Hazards [1]
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg
Danger
H360
P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
0
1
Flash point non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions
Manganese(II) fluoride
Manganese(II) chloride
Manganese(II) bromide
Other cations
Iron(II) iodide
Cobalt(II) iodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Manganese(II) iodide is the chemical compound composed of manganese and iodide with the formula MnI2(H2O)n. The tetrahydrate is a pink solid while the anhydrous derivative is beige. [2] Both forms feature octahedral Mn centers. Unlike MnCl2(H2O)4 and MnBr2(H2O)4 which are cis, MnI2(H2O)4 is trans. [3]

Contents

Preparation

Anhydrous MnI2 is prepared from the elements: [4]

Mn + I2 → MnI2

The tetrahydrate can be prepared by treating manganese(II) carbonate with hydriodic acid. The anhydrous form can be produced from it by dehydration in a vacuum. [2]

Properties

Samples turn brown in air under the influence of light as a result of the oxidation of the iodide ion to iodine. [5] It has a trigonal crystal structure of the cadmium iodide type (polytype 2H) [6] [7] with the space group P3m1 (space group no. 164). It dissolves in water and decomposes. [5] The tetrahydrate has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P21/c (No. 14). [3]


Applications

It is often used in the lighting industry. [8]

Related Research Articles

In chemistry, water(s) of crystallization or water(s) of hydration are water molecules that are present inside crystals. Water is often incorporated in the formation of crystals from aqueous solutions. In some contexts, water of crystallization is the total mass of water in a substance at a given temperature and is mostly present in a definite (stoichiometric) ratio. Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manganese(II) chloride</span> Chemical compound

Manganese(II) chloride is the dichloride salt of manganese, MnCl2. This inorganic chemical exists in the anhydrous form, as well as the dihydrate (MnCl2·2H2O) and tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O), with the tetrahydrate being the most common form. Like many Mn(II) species, these salts are pink, with the paleness of the color being characteristic of transition metal complexes with high spin d5 configurations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nickel(II) chloride</span> Chemical compound

Nickel(II) chloride (or just nickel chloride) is the chemical compound NiCl2. The anhydrous salt is yellow, but the more familiar hydrate NiCl2·6H2O is green. Nickel(II) chloride, in various forms, is the most important source of nickel for chemical synthesis. The nickel chlorides are deliquescent, absorbing moisture from the air to form a solution. Nickel salts have been shown to be carcinogenic to the lungs and nasal passages in cases of long-term inhalation exposure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cadmium chloride</span> Chemical compound

Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chloride, with the formula CdCl2. This salt is a hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The crystal structure of cadmium chloride (described below), is a reference for describing other crystal structures. Also known are CdCl2•H2O and the hemipenahydrate CdCl2•2.5H2O.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manganese(III) fluoride</span> Chemical compound

Manganese(III) fluoride (also known as Manganese trifluoride) is the inorganic compound with the formula MnF3. This red/purplish solid is useful for converting hydrocarbons into fluorocarbons, i.e., it is a fluorination agent. It forms a hydrate and many derivatives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iron(II) fluoride</span> Chemical compound

Iron(II) fluoride or ferrous fluoride is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula FeF2. It forms a tetrahydrate FeF2·4H2O that is often referred to by the same names. The anhydrous and hydrated forms are white crystalline solids.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chromium(II) chloride</span> Chemical compound

Chromium(II) chloride describes inorganic compounds with the formula CrCl2(H2O)n. The anhydrous solid is white when pure, however commercial samples are often grey or green; it is hygroscopic and readily dissolves in water to give bright blue air-sensitive solutions of the tetrahydrate Cr(H2O)4Cl2. Chromium(II) chloride has no commercial uses but is used on a laboratory-scale for the synthesis of other chromium complexes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nickel(II) iodide</span> Chemical compound

Nickel(II) iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula NiI2. This paramagnetic black solid dissolves readily in water to give bluish-green solutions, from which crystallizes the aquo complex [Ni(H2O)6]I2 (image above). This bluish-green colour is typical of hydrated nickel(II) compounds. Nickel iodides find some applications in homogeneous catalysis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barium iodide</span> Chemical compound

Barium iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula BaI2. The compound exists as an anhydrous and a hydrate (BaI2(H2O)2), both of which are white solids. When heated, hydrated barium iodide converts to the anhydrous salt. The hydrated form is freely soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iron(II) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Iron(II) bromide refers to inorganic compounds with the chemical formula FeBr2(H2O)x. The anhydrous compound (x = 0) is a yellow or brownish-colored paramagnetic solid. The tetrahydrate is also known, all being pale colored solids. They are common precursor to other iron compounds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubidium iodide</span> Chemical compound

Rubidium iodide is a salt of rubidium and iodine, with the chemical formula RbI. It is a white solid with a melting point of 642 °C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobalt(II) iodide</span> Chemical compound

Cobalt(II) iodide or cobaltous iodide are the inorganic compounds with the formula CoI2 and the hexahydrate CoI2(H2O)6. These salts are the principal iodides of cobalt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holmium(III) chloride</span> Chemical compound

Holmium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula HoCl3. It is a common salt but is mainly used in research. It can be used to produce pure holmium. It exhibits the same color-changing behavior seen in holmium oxide, being a yellow in natural lighting and a bright pink color in fluorescent lighting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobalt(II) acetate</span> Chemical compound

Cobalt(II) acetate is the cobalt salt of acetic acid. It is commonly found as the tetrahydrate Co(CH3CO2)2·4 H2O, abbreviated Co(OAc)2·4 H2O. It is used as a catalyst.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manganese(II) nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Manganese(II) nitrate refers to the inorganic compounds with formula Mn(NO3)2·(H2O)n. These compounds are nitrate salts containing varying amounts of water. A common derivative is the tetrahydrate, Mn(NO3)2·4H2O, but mono- and hexahydrates are also known as well as the anhydrous compound. Some of these compounds are useful precursors to the oxides of manganese. Typical of a manganese(II) compound, it is a paramagnetic pale pink solid.

Iron(II) iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula FeI2. It is used as a catalyst in organic reactions.

Erbium(III) iodide is an iodide of lanthanide metal erbium. The compound is insoluble in water and is white to slightly pink in appearance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vanadium(II) iodide</span> Chemical compound

Vanadium(II) iodide is the inorganic compound with the formula VI2. It is a black micaceous solid. It adopts the cadmium iodide structure, featuring octahedral V(II) centers. The hexahydrate [V(H2O)6]I2, an aquo complex, is also known. It forms red-violet crystals. The hexahydrate dehydrates under vacuum to give a red-brown tetrahydrate with the formula V(H2O)4I2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Europium compounds</span> Compounds with at least one europium atom

Europium compounds are compounds formed by the lanthanide metal europium (Eu). In these compounds, europium generally exhibits the +3 oxidation state, such as EuCl3, Eu(NO3)3 and Eu(CH3COO)3. Compounds with europium in the +2 oxidation state are also known. The +2 ion of europium is the most stable divalent ion of lanthanide metals in aqueous solution. Many europium compounds fluoresce under ultraviolet light due to the excitation of electrons to higher energy levels. Lipophilic europium complexes often feature acetylacetonate-like ligands, e.g., Eufod.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanthanum(III) iodide</span> Chemical compound

Lanthanum(III) iodide is an inorganic compound containing lanthanum and iodine with the chemical formula LaI
3.

References

  1. ↑ "223646 Manganese(II) iodide 98%". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2011-08-05.
  2. 1 2 Hosseiny, Afshin; MacKie, Anthony G.; McAuliffe, Charles A.; Minten, Karl (1981). "The Coordination Chemistry of Manganese". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 49: 99–105. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)90464-X.
  3. 1 2 Moore, J. E.; Abola, J. E.; Butera, R. A. (1985-09-15). "Structure of manganese(II) iodide tetrahydrate, MnI2.4H2O". Acta Crystallographica Section C: Crystal Structure Communications. 41 (9): 1284–1286. doi:10.1107/S0108270185007466. ISSN   0108-2701.
  4. ↑ Friour, G.; Cahiez, G.; Normant, J. F. (1984). "Organomanganous Reagents; IX. Preparation of Various Halogenated, Alkoxylated, Aryloxylated, and Arylsulfenylated Ketones from Correspondingly Functionalized Carboxylic Acid Chlorides or Anhydrides". Synthesis. 1984: 37–40. doi:10.1055/s-1984-30724. S2CID   94812612.
  5. 1 2 Ans, Jan d'; Ans, Jan d' (1998). Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien. Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker / D'Ans (4., neubearb. u. rev. Aufl ed.). Ort nicht ermittelbar: Verlag nicht ermittelbar. ISBN   978-3-540-60035-0.
  6. ↑ Riedel, Erwin; Alsfasser, Ralf, eds. (2007). Moderne anorganische Chemie: mit CD-ROM (3. Aufl ed.). Berlin: de Gruyter. ISBN   978-3-11-019060-1.
  7. ↑ Cable, J. W.; Wilkinson, M. K.; Wollan, E. O.; Koehler, W. C. (1962). "Neutron Diffraction Investigation of the Magnetic Order in MnI2". Phys. Rev. 125 (6): 1860–1864. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.125.1860.
  8. ↑ Cepanec, Ivica (2004). Synthesis of Biaryls. Elseveir. p. 104. ISBN   0-08-044412-1 . Retrieved 2008-06-18.
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