Tin(IV) iodide

Tin(IV) iodide

Photograph of a sample of tin tetraiodide Ball-and-stick model of the unit cell of tin tetraiodide
Structure and dimensions of the tin(IV) iodide molecule Ball-and-stick model of the tin(IV) iodide molecule
Names
IUPAC name tin(IV) iodide
Other names Tin tetraiodide Stannic iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	7790-47-8  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	23033  N
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.281
EC Number	232-208-4
PubChem CID	11490544
UNII	8H688BW69X  Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6064876
InChI InChI=1S/4HI.Sn/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 N Key: QPBYLOWPSRZOFX-UHFFFAOYSA-J N InChI=1/4HI.Sn/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 Key: QPBYLOWPSRZOFX-XBHQNQODAO
SMILES [Sn](I)(I)(I)I
Properties
Chemical formula	SnI4
Molar mass	626.328 g·mol−1
Appearance	red-orange crystalline solid
Density	4.56 g/cm3
Melting point	143 °C (289 °F; 416 K)
Boiling point	348.5 °C (659.3 °F; 621.6 K)
Refractive index (nD)	2.106
Structure
Crystal structure	Cubic, cP40
Space group	Pa-3 No. 205
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H312, H314, H317, H332, H334
Precautionary statements	P233, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P333+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P363, P403, P405, P501
Related compounds
Other anions	Tin(IV) fluoride Tin(IV) chloride Tin(IV) bromide
Other cations	Carbon tetraiodide Silicon tetraiodide Germanium tetraiodide Titanium tetraiodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Tin(IV) iodide, also known as stannic iodide, is the chemical compound with the formula Sn I ₄. This tetrahedral molecule crystallizes as a bright orange solid that dissolves readily in nonpolar solvents such as benzene. ^[1]

Preparation

The compound is usually prepared by the reaction of tin and iodine: ^[2]

Sn + 2 I₂ → SnI₄

Chemical properties

The compound hydrolyses in water. ^[3] In hydroiodic acid, it reacts to form a rare example of a hexaiodometallate (here hexaiodostannate(IV)): ^[2]

SnI₄ + 2 I⁻ → [SnI₆]²⁻

Physical properties

Tin(IV) iodide is an orange solid under standard conditions. ^[3] It has a cubic crystal structure with the space group Pa3 (space group no. 205), the lattice parameter a = 1226 pm and eight formula units per unit cell. ^[4] This corresponds approximately to a cubic close packing of iodine atoms in which 1/8 of all tetrahedral gaps are occupied by tin atoms. This leads to discrete tetrahedral SnI₄ molecules. ^[5]

See also

• Tin(II) iodide
• Tin(IV) chloride

References

1. Chemistry : Periodic Table : tin : compound data [tin (IV) iodide]
2. Moeller, T.; Edwards, D. C. (1953). Tin(IV) Iodide (Stannic Iodide). Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 4. pp. 119–121. doi:10.1002/9780470132357.ch40.
3. Hickling, George G. (Aug 1990). "Gravimetric analysis: The synthesis of tin iodide". Journal of Chemical Education. 67 (8): 702. Bibcode:1990JChEd..67..702H. doi:10.1021/ed067p702. ISSN   0021-9584.
4. Meller, F.; Fankuchen, I. (1955-06-10). "The crystal structure of tin tetraiodide". Acta Crystallographica. 8 (6): 343–344. Bibcode:1955AcCry...8..343M. doi: 10.1107/S0365110X55001035 . ISSN   0365-110X.
5. Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (2007). Holleman, Arnold F.; Fischer, Gerd (eds.). Lehrbuch der anorganischen Chemie (102., stark umgearbeitete und verbesserte Auflage ed.). Berlin New York: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN   978-3-11-017770-1.