Tin(IV) iodide

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Tin(IV) iodide
Photograph of a sample of tin tetraiodide Tin(IV)-iodide-sample.jpg
Photograph of a sample of tin tetraiodide
Ball-and-stick model of the unit cell of tin tetraiodide Tin-tetraiodide-unit-cell-3D-balls.png
Ball-and-stick model of the unit cell of tin tetraiodide
Structure and dimensions of the tin(IV) iodide molecule Tin(IV)-iodide-2D-dimensions.png
Structure and dimensions of the tin(IV) iodide molecule
Ball-and-stick model of the tin(IV) iodide molecule Tin(IV)-iodide-3D-balls.png
Ball-and-stick model of the tin(IV) iodide molecule
Names
IUPAC name
tin(IV) iodide
Other names
  • Tin tetraiodide
  • Stannic iodide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.281 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 232-208-4
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/4HI.Sn/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 X mark.svgN
    Key: QPBYLOWPSRZOFX-UHFFFAOYSA-J X mark.svgN
  • InChI=1/4HI.Sn/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4
    Key: QPBYLOWPSRZOFX-XBHQNQODAO
  • [Sn](I)(I)(I)I
Properties
SnI4
Molar mass 626.328 g·mol−1
Appearancered-orange crystalline solid
Density 4.56 g/cm3
Melting point 143 °C (289 °F; 416 K)
Boiling point 348.5 °C (659.3 °F; 621.6 K)
2.106
Structure
Cubic, cP40
Pa-3 No. 205
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Tin(IV) iodide, also known as stannic iodide, is the chemical compound with the formula Sn I 4. This tetrahedral molecule crystallizes as a bright orange solid that dissolves readily in nonpolar solvents such as benzene. [1]

Contents

Preparation

The compound is usually prepared by the reaction of tin and iodine: [2]

Sn + 2 I2 → SnI4

Chemical properties

The compound hydrolyses in water. [3] In hydroiodic acid, it reacts to form a rare example of a hexaiodometallate (here hexaiodostannate(IV)): [2]

SnI4 + 2 I− → [SnI6]2−

Physical properties

Tin(IV) iodide is an orange solid under standard conditions. [3] It has a cubic crystal structure with the space group Pa3 (space group no. 205), the lattice parameter a = 1226 pm and eight formula units per unit cell. [4] This corresponds approximately to a cubic close packing of iodine atoms in which 1/8 of all tetrahedral gaps are occupied by tin atoms. This leads to discrete tetrahedral SnI4 molecules. [5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Chemistry : Periodic Table : tin : compound data [tin (IV) iodide]
  2. 1 2 Moeller, T.; Edwards, D. C. (1953). Tin(IV) Iodide (Stannic Iodide). Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 4. pp. 119–121. doi:10.1002/9780470132357.ch40.
  3. 1 2 Hickling, George G. (Aug 1990). "Gravimetric analysis: The synthesis of tin iodide". Journal of Chemical Education. 67 (8): 702. Bibcode:1990JChEd..67..702H. doi:10.1021/ed067p702. ISSN   0021-9584.
  4. ↑ Meller, F.; Fankuchen, I. (1955-06-10). "The crystal structure of tin tetraiodide". Acta Crystallographica. 8 (6): 343–344. Bibcode:1955AcCry...8..343M. doi: 10.1107/S0365110X55001035 . ISSN   0365-110X.
  5. ↑ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (2007). Holleman, Arnold F.; Fischer, Gerd (eds.). Lehrbuch der anorganischen Chemie (102., stark umgearbeitete und verbesserte Auflage ed.). Berlin New York: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN   978-3-11-017770-1.
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