Niobium pentaiodide

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Niobium pentaiodide
Nb2I10.svg
Names
Other names
Niobium(V) iodide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.034.006 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 237-422-1
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/5HI.Nb/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5
    Key: FWIYBTVHGYLSAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I
  • [Nb](I)(I)(I)(I)I
Properties
Nb2I10
Molar mass 1475
Appearanceyellow solid
Density 5.30 g/cm3
Melting point 543 °C (1,009 °F; 816 K) sublimes
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-acid.svg
Danger
H314
P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Niobium pentaiodide is the inorganic compound with the formula Nb2I10. Its name comes from the compound's empirical formula, NbI5. [1] It is a diamagnetic, yellow solid that hydrolyses readily. The compound adopts an edge-shared bioctahedral structure, which means that two NbI5 units are joined by a pair of iodide bridges. There is no bond between the Nb centres. [2] Niobium(V) chloride, niobium(V) bromide, tantalum(V) chloride, tantalum(V) bromide, and tantalum(V) iodide, all share this structural motif.

Contents

Preparation

Niobium pentaiodide forms from the reaction of niobium with iodine:

2 Nb + 5 I2 → 2 NbI5

The method used for the preparation of tantalum(V) iodide using aluminium triiodide fails to produce pure pentaiodide. [3]

Properties

Niobium(V) iodide forms of dark, brassy, extremely moisture-sensitive needles or flakes. Its crystallises in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/c (space group no. 14), a = 1058 pm, b = 658 pm, c = 1388 pm, β = 109.14°. The crystal structure consists of zigzag chains of corner-sharing NbI6 octahedra. Since so far only twinned crystals of this phase have been obtained, and the structure determination is uncertain. [4] If the reaction of the elements is carried out with an excess of iodine, a triclinic modification is created with the space group P1 (No. 2), a = 759.1 pm, b = 1032.2 pm, c = 697.7 pm, α = 90 .93°, β = 116.17°, γ = 109.07°, which consists of isolated molecules Nb2I10. [3] [5] This structure is isotypic with that of triclinic niobium(V) bromide.

Related Research Articles

There are three sets of Indium halides, the trihalides, the monohalides, and several intermediate halides. In the monohalides the oxidation state of indium is +1 and their proper names are indium(I) fluoride, indium(I) chloride, indium(I) bromide and indium(I) iodide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Niobium(V) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Niobium(V) bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula Nb2Br10. Its name comes from the compound's empirical formula, NbBr5. It is a diamagnetic, orange solid that hydrolyses readily. The compound adopts an edge-shared bioctahedral structure, which means that two NbBr5 units are joined by a pair of bromide bridges. There is no bond between the Nb centres. Niobium(V) chloride, niobium(V) iodide, tantalum(V) chloride, tantalum(V) bromide, and tantalum(V) iodide all share this structural motif.

Tellurium iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula TeI. Two forms are known. Their structures differ from the other monohalides of tellurium. There are three subiodides of tellurium, α-TeI, β-TeI, and Te2I, and one tellurium tetraiodide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Niobium oxychloride</span> Chemical compound

Niobium oxychloride is the inorganic compound with the formula NbOCl3. It is a white, crystalline, diamagnetic solid. It is often found as an impurity in samples of niobium pentachloride, a common reagent in niobium chemistry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diarsenic tetraiodide</span> Chemical compound

Diarsenic tetraiodide is an inorganic compound of arsenic and iodine. It is a dark red metastable solid. The compound is a closely related to the better characterized diphosphorus tetraiodide. Identified in the late 19th century with the (accurate) empirical formula AsI2, the compound was assigned the formula (As2I4) several years later.

Vanadium(II) bromide is a inorganic compound with the formula VBr2. It adopts the cadmium iodide structure, featuring octahedral V(II) centers. A hexahydrate is also known. The hexahydrate undergoes partial dehydration to give the tetrahydrate. Both the hexa- and tetrahydrates are bluish in color. The compound is produced by the reduction of vanadium(III) bromide with hydrogen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tantalum(V) iodide</span> Chemical compound

Tantalum(V) iodide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ta2I10. Its name comes from the compound's empirical formula, TaI5. It is a diamagnetic, black solid that hydrolyses readily. The compound adopts an edge-shared bioctahedral structure, which means that two TaI5 units are joined by a pair of iodide bridges. There is no bond between the Ta centres. Niobium(V) chloride, niobium(V) bromide, niobium(V) iodide, tantalum(V) chloride, and tantalum(V) bromide all share this structural motif.

Georg Karl Brauer was a German chemist.

The telluride iodides are chemical compounds that contain both telluride ions (Te2−) and iodide ions (I). They are in the class of mixed anion compounds or chalcogenide halides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vanadium(V) chloride chlorimide</span> Chemical compound

Vanadium (V) chloride chlorimide is a chemical compound containing vanadium in a +5 oxidation state bound to three chlorine atoms and with a double bond to a chlorimide group (=NCl). It has formula VNCl4. This can be also considered as a chloroiminato complex.

Phosphide iodides or iodide phosphides are compounds containing anions composed of iodide (I) and phosphide (P3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the phosphide chlorides, arsenide iodides antimonide iodides and phosphide bromides.

Phosphide bromides or bromide phosphides are compounds containing anions composed of bromide (Br) and phosphide (P3−) anions. Usually phosphorus is covalently connected into more complex structures. They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the phosphide chlorides, phosphide iodides, nitride bromides, arsenide bromides, and antimonide bromides.

Arsenide bromides or bromide arsenides are compounds containing anions composed of bromide (Br) and arsenide (As3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the arsenide chlorides, arsenide iodides, phosphide bromides, and antimonide bromides.

Arsenide iodides or iodide arsenides are compounds containing anions composed of iodide (I) and arsenide (As3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the arsenide chlorides, arsenide bromides, phosphide iodides, and antimonide iodides.

Arsenide chlorides or chloride arsenides are compounds containing anions composed of chloride (Cl) and arsenide (As3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the arsenide bromides, arsenide iodides, phosphide chlorides, and antimonide chlorides.

An iodide nitride is a mixed anion compound containing both iodide (I) and nitride ions (N3−). Another name is metalloiodonitrides. They are a subclass of halide nitrides or pnictide halides. Some different kinds include ionic alkali or alkaline earth salts, small clusters where metal atoms surround a nitrogen atom, layered group 4 element 2-dimensional structures, and transition metal nitrido complexes counter-balanced with iodide ions. There is also a family with rare earth elements and nitrogen and sulfur in a cluster.

Carbide bromides are mixed anion compounds containing bromide and carbide anions. Many carbide bromides are cluster compounds, containing on, two or more carbon atoms in a core, surrounded by a layer of metal atoms, encased in a shell of bromide ions. These ions may be shared between clusters to form chains, double chains or layers.

Carbide iodides are mixed anion compounds containing iodide and carbide anions. Many carbide iodides are cluster compounds, containing one, two or more carbon atoms in a core, surrounded by a layer of metal atoms, and encased in a shell of iodide ions. These ions may be shared between clusters to form chains, double chains or layers.

Antimonide iodides or iodide antimonides are compounds containing anions composed of iodide (I) and antimonide (Sb3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictide halides. Related compounds include the antimonide chlorides, antimonide bromides, phosphide iodides, and arsenide iodides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tantalum(IV) iodide</span> Chemical compound

Tantalum(IV) iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula TaI4. It dissolves in water to give a green solution, but the color fades when left in the air and produces a white precipitate.

References

  1. Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN   0-7506-3365-4.
  2. Krebs, Bernt; Sinram, Diethard "Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI5 (Preparation, structure and properties of a new modification of NbI5" Zeitschrift fǔr Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie 1980, volume 35b, pp. 12-16.
  3. 1 2 G. Braurer (1963). "Niobium(V) Iodide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 1. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 1315.
  4. Littke, W.; Brauer, G. (Oct 1963). "Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Niobpentajodid". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 325 (3–4): 122–129. doi:10.1002/zaac.19633250304. ISSN   0044-2313.
  5. B. Krebs, D. Sinram: Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI5. In: Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B. Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, 1980, 35, S. 12–16.