Rowing at the Summer Olympics | |
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IOC Discipline Code | ROW |
Governing body | World Rowing Federation |
Events | 14 (men: 7; women: 7) |
Games | |
Rowing has been part of the Summer Olympics since its debut in the 1900 Games. Rowing was on the program at the 1896 Summer Olympics but was cancelled due to bad weather. [1] Only men were allowed to compete until the women's events were introduced at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal which gave national federations the incentive to support women's events and catalysed growth in women's rowing. [2] Lightweight rowing events (which have weight-limited crews) were introduced to the games in 1996. Qualifying for the rowing events is under the jurisdiction of the World Rowing Federation. World Rowing predates the modern Olympics and was the first international sport federation to join the modern Olympic movement.
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At the 2016 and other recent Olympics, the following 14 events were contested:
The lightweight events were threatened in 2002 when the Programme Commission of the IOC recommended that, outside combat sports (boxing and wrestling, but not fencing, shooting, and archery) and weightlifting, there should not be weight-category events. The Executive Board overturned this recommendation and the lightweight rowing has been continued.
To satisfy the IOC's aim for gender equality it has been proposed that from the 2020 Olympics onwards the men's lightweight fours will be removed and the women's coxless fours reintroduced. The IOC accepted that proposal in June 2017. [3]
In the early games (1900 and 1904) there were several other categories of events (Junior, Novice, Association, and Intermediate). A number of other boat classes have made an appearance at several games (sometimes for a long time) but have been subsequently dropped – as recently as the 1990s. The primary loss has been in boats with coxswains, except for the eights, which have always been coxed. These were:
Other non-Olympic boatclasses, which still compete in World Championships, are currently: men's & women's lightweight single sculls, lightweight quadruple sculls and lightweight coxless pair.
Today all races are raced over a 2000m course, but this did not become standard before the Stockholm Olympics in 1912 (except for London 1948, where the course was 1850m). Before this, it was raced over various distances: the course in Paris in 1900 was 1750m, in St. Louis in 1904 it was 3218m, and in London in 1908 it was 2414m. The 1908 and 1948 events were held over the Henley Royal Regatta course.
Women's races were raced over 1,000m until 1988, when they were changed to 2,000 metres. [5]
Early games featured match races between two or three boats, until the modern six boat side-by-side format was first adopted at the 1936 Olympic Games. With the exception of the 1952 Olympic Games (races between four or five boats), it has been the standard since.
There is a limited number of crews permitted to race, so the International Rowing Federation holds qualification events in order to determine who competes at the Olympic Games. At the Olympic Games, each National Olympic Committee can only have one boat per event.
The main qualification comes from the previous year's World Rowing Championships. Other qualifying events are called "Continental Qualification Regattas", of which four are held during the year preceding the games - Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Final (open to everyone else). Each year FISA issues details of how many crews qualify at each regatta.
At the World Championships, the top finishing boats guarantee a place for that country - the rowers in the crew can be changed before the games. At the qualification regattas, it is the crew that wins that qualifies for the Olympics, and if members of that crew race in the Olympics they must race in that event.
The numbers below are after the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. [6]
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States (USA) | 33 | 32 | 24 | 89 |
2 | East Germany (GDR) | 33 | 7 | 8 | 48 |
3 | Great Britain (GBR) | 31 | 25 | 14 | 70 |
4 | Germany (GER) | 23 | 16 | 14 | 53 |
5 | Romania (ROM) | 20 | 12 | 9 | 41 |
6 | New Zealand (NZL) | 14 | 5 | 10 | 29 |
7 | Australia (AUS) | 13 | 15 | 16 | 44 |
8 | Soviet Union (URS) | 12 | 20 | 10 | 42 |
9 | Italy (ITA) | 11 | 14 | 16 | 41 |
10 | Canada (CAN) | 10 | 17 | 16 | 43 |
11 | France (FRA) | 8 | 15 | 13 | 36 |
12 | Netherlands (NED) | 7 | 14 | 14 | 35 |
13 | Switzerland (SUI) | 7 | 8 | 9 | 24 |
14 | Denmark (DEN) | 7 | 5 | 13 | 25 |
15 | Poland (POL) | 4 | 4 | 11 | 19 |
16 | West Germany (FRG) | 4 | 4 | 6 | 14 |
17 | United Team of Germany (EUA) | 4 | 4 | 1 | 9 |
18 | Norway (NOR) | 3 | 7 | 8 | 18 |
19 | Bulgaria (BUL) | 3 | 4 | 7 | 14 |
20 | Finland (FIN) | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
21 | China (CHN) | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 |
22 | Croatia (CRO) | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
23 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 2 | 2 | 7 | 11 |
24 | Belarus (BLR) | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
25 | Czech Republic (CZE) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
26 | Slovenia (SLO) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
Yugoslavia (YUG) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | |
28 | Argentina (ARG) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
Greece (GRE) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
30 | Ireland (IRL) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
Ukraine (UKR) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
33 | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
34 | Mixed team (ZZX) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
35 | Belgium (BEL) | 0 | 6 | 2 | 8 |
36 | Austria (AUT) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
37 | Estonia (EST) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
38 | ROC | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
40 | Uruguay (URU) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
41 | Hungary (HUN) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Lithuania (LTU) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
43 | Spain (ESP) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
44 | Russian Empire (RU1) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Unified Team (EUN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totals (45 entries) | 268 | 268 | 272 | 808 |
The table shows those who have won at least 3 gold medals.
Athlete (nation) | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Notes |
Elisabeta Lipă Romania | 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 20 years between first and last gold medal |
Steve Redgrave Great Britain | 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 | Gold medals in 1984 (M4+), 1988 (M2- with Andy Holmes), 1992 and 1996 (M2- with Matthew Pinsent) and 2000 (M4-). Only endurance athlete to win Olympic gold at five consecutive games. |
Georgeta Damian Romania | 2000, 2004, 2008 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 | Won the pair and the eights in both 2000 and 2004, and the pair again in 2008 |
Doina Ignat Romania | 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Part of Romania's three-straight gold medalist eight |
Kathrin Boron Germany | 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 | Four straight Olympic golds. Bronze in her final Olympics in the Quadruple Sculls |
Viorica Susanu Romania | 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 | Won three medals in the women's eight, and two in the pair |
Matthew Pinsent Great Britain | 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | Four straight Olympic golds. Won with Steve Redgrave in the pair in 1992 and 1996. In the coxless four in 2000 and in 2004 |
Jack Beresford Great Britain | 1920, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 5 | First rower to win a medal at 5 straight Olympics. WWII prevented the opportunity for a sixth medal |
Constanța Burcică Romania | 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | Won three gold medals in the women's lightweight double sculls |
Elena Georgescu Romania | 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | Coxswain of Romania's women's eight |
Drew Ginn Australia | 1996, 2004, 2008, 2012 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | Member of the Oarsome Foursome |
Eskild Ebbesen Denmark | 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 | Won all his medals in the lightweight coxless four |
Marnie McBean Canada | 1992, 1996 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | Along with rowing partner Kathleen Heddle, Canadian with the most gold medals |
Kathleen Heddle Canada | 1992, 1996 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | Won all her medals with rowing partner Marnie McBean |
James Tomkins Australia | 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | Most medalled Australian rower |
John B. Kelly Sr. United States | 1920, 1924 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | First rower to win 3 gold medals. Father of movie star turned princess Grace Kelly |
Paul Costello United States | 1920, 1924, 1928 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | First man to win 3 gold medals in the same event, the double sculls. Cousin of John B. Kelly Sr. |
Vyacheslav Ivanov Soviet Union | 1956, 1960, 1964 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Won all his medals in the single sculls |
Siegfried Brietzke East Germany | 1972, 1976, 1980 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | First German triple gold medalist. Won in the pair and the coxless four |
Pertti Karppinen Finland | 1976, 1980, 1984 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Won all his medals in the single sculls |
Agostino Abbagnale Italy | 1988, 1996, 2000 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | His brothers Carmine and Giuseppe each won 2 gold medals. |
Liliana Gafencu Romania | 1996, 2000, 2004 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Won all three medals in Romania's women's eight |
Elle Logan United States | 2008, 2012, 2016 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Won all three medals in USA women's eight |
Pete Reed Great Britain | 2008, 2012, 2016 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Two wins in coxless four, then in eight |
Andrew Triggs Hodge Great Britain | 2008, 2012, 2016 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Two wins in coxless four, then in eight |
Hamish Bond New Zealand | 2012, 2016, 2020 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Two wins in coxless pair, then in eight |
Event | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | Years | |
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Current program | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single sculls ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 29 | |
Double sculls ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 26 | ||||
Quadruple sculls ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
Coxless pair ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 26 | ||||
Coxless four ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 25 | ||||
Eight ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 28 | |
Lightweight double sculls ( | )• | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Past events | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coxed pair ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 18 | ||||||||||||
Coxed four ( ) | •• | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 19 | |||||||||||
Coxed four, with inriggers | • | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lightweight coxless four ( | )• | • | • | • | • | • | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 0 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 |
Event | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | Years | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current program | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single sculls ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
Double sculls ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
Quadruple sculls ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
Coxless pair ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
Coxless four ( ) | • | • | • | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eight ( ) | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 13 | |||||||||||||||||
Lightweight double sculls ( | )• | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Past events | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coxed four ( ) | • | • | • | • | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
Number of rowers from each nation by year of Olympics, starting with 1896 (when none competed due to bad weather) then 1900 through 2020.
Nation | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | Years |
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Algeria (ALG) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Angola (ANG) | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Argentina (ARG) | 9 | 9 | 3 | 26 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 9 | 18 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 22 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 20 | |||||||||
Australasia (ANZ) | 10 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australia (AUS) | 10 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 8 | 14 | 26 | 25 | 26 | 11 | 16 | 13 | 16 | 25 | 16 | 28 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 48 | 47 | 29 | 40 | 22 | ||||||
Austria (AUT) | 6 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 16 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 12 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 20 | |||||||||
Azerbaijan (AZE) | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bahamas (BAH) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Belarus (BLR) | 17 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Belgium (BEL) | 11 | 10 | 6 | 20 | 15 | 21 | 7 | 4 | 12 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 25 | ||||
Benin (BEN) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bermuda (BER) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bohemia (BOH) | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazil (BRA) | 5 | 2 | 18 | 21 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 22 | |||||||
Bulgaria (BUL) | 5 | 8 | 33 | 52 | 34 | 15 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cameroon (CMR) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canada (CAN) | 9 | 13 | 10 | 5 | 14 | 11 | 16 | 10 | 11 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 16 | 46 | 54 | 40 | 27 | 32 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 30 | 26 | 29 | 26 | |||
Chile (CHI) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
China (CHN) | 9 | 11 | 22 | 13 | 10 | 17 | 31 | 18 | 17 | 28 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
Colombia (COL) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ivory Coast (CIV) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Croatia (CRO) | 7 | 8 | 13 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cuba (CUB) | 5 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 14 | 17 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 15 | ||||||||||||||
Czech Republic (CZE) | 5 | 1 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 15 | 1 | 17 | 4 | 8 | 11 | 22 | 20 | 15 | 21 | 34 | 26 | 17 | 31 | 14 | |||||||||||||||
Denmark (DEN) | 15 | 1 | 10 | 16 | 25 | 25 | 7 | 16 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 3 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 9 | 23 | ||||||
Dominican Republic (DOM) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
East Germany (GDR) | 26 | 26 | 54 | 55 | 44 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecuador (ECU) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Egypt (EGY) | 1 | 8 | 16 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
El Salvador (ESA) | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Estonia (EST) | 1 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Finland (FIN) | 6 | 5 | 26 | 5 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 15 | ||||||||||||||
France (FRA) | 47 | 17 | 14 | 23 | 26 | 5 | 19 | 22 | 17 | 13 | 16 | 22 | 17 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 23 | 12 | 25 | 21 | 23 | 21 | 21 | 14 | 18 | 12 | 26 | |||
Germany (GER) | 21 | 3 | 26 | 23 | 16 | 26 | 21 | 53 | 48 | 31 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 35 | 24 | 15 | ||||||||||||||
Great Britain (GBR) | 1 | 30 | 24 | 10 | 21 | 23 | 15 | 18 | 26 | 23 | 12 | 26 | 8 | 11 | 17 | 31 | 43 | 42 | 30 | 46 | 37 | 36 | 37 | 44 | 47 | 43 | 41 | 27 | ||
Greece (GRE) | 8 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 4 | 15 | ||||||||||||||
Guatemala (GUA) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hong Kong (HKG) | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Honduras (HON) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungary (HUN) | 11 | 11 | 7 | 6 | 23 | 9 | 15 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 15 | 8 | 20 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 22 | |||||||
India (IND) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Independent Olympic Athletes (IOA) | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesia (INA) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Iran (IRI) | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Iraq (IRQ) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ireland (IRL) | 9 | 1 | 10 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||
Italy (ITA) | 1 | 1 | 6 | 17 | 26 | 20 | 22 | 26 | 26 | 21 | 26 | 18 | 14 | 21 | 15 | 5 | 22 | 27 | 21 | 32 | 28 | 31 | 20 | 20 | 27 | 23 | 26 | |||
Japan (JPN) | 6 | 14 | 16 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 26 | 10 | 3 | 9 | 6 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 19 | ||||||||||
Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kenya (KEN) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kuwait (KUW) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latvia (LAT) | 3 | 4 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lebanon (LIB) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Libya (LBA) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lithuania (LTU) | 8 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mexico (MEX) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 25 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Monaco (MON) | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morocco (MAR) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Myanmar (MYA) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Namibia (NAM) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Netherlands (NED) | 13 | 4 | 12 | 17 | 21 | 2 | 11 | 6 | 12 | 13 | 17 | 22 | 21 | 24 | 10 | 17 | 16 | 20 | 34 | 33 | 26 | 30 | 32 | 36 | 35 | 25 | ||||
New Zealand (NZL) | 1 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 15 | 14 | 19 | 18 | 22 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 11 | 16 | 26 | 36 | 32 | 19 | ||||||||||
Nicaragua (NCA) | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Niger (NIG) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nigeria (NGR) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North Korea (PRK) | 6 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norway (NOR) | 9 | 24 | 13 | 1 | 14 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 20 | |||||||||
Pakistan (PAK) | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Paraguay (PAR) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru (PER) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Philippines (PHI) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Poland (POL) | 6 | 14 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 11 | 3 | 16 | 22 | 38 | 13 | 15 | 12 | 17 | 23 | 20 | 26 | 26 | 20 | 22 | ||||||||
Portugal (POR) | 14 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Puerto Rico (PUR) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qatar (QAT) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Romania (ROU) | 9 | 8 | 7 | 14 | 9 | 21 | 33 | 28 | 26 | 32 | 30 | 28 | 17 | 11 | 15 | 18 | 36 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Russia (RUS) | 10 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Russia (RUS) | 24 | 23 | 19 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Saar (SAA) | 7 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saudi Arabia (KSA) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Serbia (SRB) | 3 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) | 6 | 6 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singapore (SIN) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Slovakia (SVK) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Slovenia (SLO) | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 2 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 12 | 6 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||
South Korea (KOR) | 9 | 5 | 28 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Soviet Union (URS) | 26 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 26 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Spain (ESP) | 5 | 10 | 1 | 6 | 18 | 3 | 13 | 10 | 13 | 22 | 11 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 16 | |||||||||||||
Sudan (SUD) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sweden (SWE) | 28 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 16 | 9 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 20 | |||||||||
Switzerland (SUI) | 13 | 11 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 13 | 18 | 8 | 17 | 17 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 22 | |||||||
Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thailand (THA) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Togo (TOG) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tunisia (TUN) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turkey (TUR) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uganda (UGA) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ukraine (UKR) | 20 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 21 | 8 | 2 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
United Team of Germany (EUA) | 12 | 26 | 26 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unified Team (EUN) | 47 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
United Arab Republic (UAR) | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
United States (USA) | 9 | 35 | 15 | 20 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 46 | 48 | 45 | 45 | 44 | 41 | 37 | 25 | ||||
Uruguay (URU) | 1 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Uzbekistan (UZB) | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vanuatu (VAN) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Venezuela (VEN) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vietnam (VIE) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
West Germany (FRG) | 26 | 26 | 44 | 36 | 38 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Zimbabwe (ZIM) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yugoslavia (YUG) | 14 | 21 | 13 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 15 | 7 | 14 | 5 | 10 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nations | 8 | 2 | 8 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 19 | 13 | 24 | 27 | 33 | 25 | 33 | 27 | 29 | 35 | 31 | 25 | 30 | 38 | 45 | 45 | 51 | 55 | 60 | 58 | 69 | 80 | 113 | |
Rowers | 108 | 44 | 81 | 186 | 136 | 182 | 245 | 153 | 313 | 310 | 404 | 242 | 410 | 330 | 353 | 440 | 593 | 470 | 447 | 592 | 627 | 608 | 547 | 557 | 555 | 550 | 547 | 526 | 10,556 | |
Year | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 |
Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars—one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys.
The World Rowing Championships is an international rowing regatta organized by FISA. It is a week-long event held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer and in non-Olympic years is the highlight of the international rowing calendar.
Vesta Rowing Club is a rowing club based on the Tideway of the River Thames in Putney, London, England. It was founded in 1870.
The men's coxed pair was one of the competitions in the Rowing at the 1900 Summer Olympics events in Paris. It was held on 25 August and 26 August 1900. 7 boats, involving 22 rowers from 3 nations, competed. The event was won by a mixed team; Minerva Amsterdam's Dutch crew replaced its coxswain with a local French boy for the final. François Brandt and Roelof Klein were the rowers, with Hermanus Brockmann the cox in the semifinals; the French cox is unknown. Second and third places both went to French boats; Société nautique de la Marne took silver while Rowing Club Castillon earned bronze.
The men's coxed four was one of the competitions in the Rowing at the 1900 Summer Olympics events in Paris. The competition was plagued by controversy involving which boats should advance to the final. In one of the most unusual decisions in Olympic history, two separate finals were held for the event, each of which is still considered an Olympic championship by the International Olympic Committee. The crews of all six boats to compete in the two finals are Olympic medallists.
The men's coxed four was a rowing event held as part of the Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event, which had been held at the 1900 Summer Olympics but had been replaced by coxless four at the 1904 and 1908 Games. The standard coxed four event allowed for outriggers, while another event was held in 1912 for boats with inriggers. The competition was held from 17 to 19 July 1912.
Durham University Boat Club (DUBC) is the rowing club of Durham University. In recent years, DUBC has cemented itself as one of the strongest university boat clubs in Great Britain. Under the leadership of former British Olympian Wade Hall-Craggs, DUBC notably won the BUCS Victor Ludorum for ten consecutive years (2004-2013), and has produced a number of athletes that have competed internationally at European and World Championship level.
A coxless four, abbreviated as a 4- and also called a straight four, is a racing shell used in the sport of competitive rowing. It is designed for four persons who propel the boat with sweep oars, without a coxswain.
The rowing competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 13 August 2016 at the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon in Lagoa. Fourteen medal events were being contested by 547 athletes, 334 men and 213 women.
The men's coxed pair competition at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich took place from 27 August to 2 September at the Olympic Regatta Course in Oberschleißheim. There were 21 boats from 21 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by East German crew Wolfgang Gunkel, Jörg Lucke, and coxswain Klaus-Dieter Neubert; it was the first medal in the event for East Germany as a separate nation. Czechoslovakia (silver) and Romania (bronze) also won their first medals in the men's coxed pair.
The men's coxed pair competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles took place are at Long Beach Marine Stadium on 13 August. Competition consisted of a single round. There were 4 boats from 4 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by the United States, its first victory in the event. Coxswain Edward Jennings had also been on the bronze medal team in 1924, making him the fifth man with multiple medals in the coxed pair. The American rowers were Charles Kieffer and Joseph Schauers. Silver went to Poland, in its coxed pair debut. France earned bronze.
Roderick Chisholm is a British lightweight class former rower who represented both Great Britain and Australia at world championships. He is an Australian national champion, a World Champion and a dual Olympian who competed at the world class level in both sculls and in sweep-oared boats.
The rowing competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo took place between 23 and 30 July 2021 at the Sea Forest Waterway in Tokyo Bay. Fourteen medal events were contested by 526 athletes.
The men's coxed four competition at the 1956 Summer Olympics took place at Lake Wendouree, Ballarat, Australia. It was held from 23 to 27 November and was won by the team from Italy. There were 10 boats from 10 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. Italy had previously won this event in 1928, tying Switzerland for second-most wins among nations. Sweden (silver) and Finland (bronze) each won their first medal in the men's coxed four. Switzerland had its three-Games silver-medal streak broken, without a Swiss crew competing.
The men's coxed four competition at the 1968 Summer Olympics took place at Virgilio Uribe Rowing and Canoeing Course, Mexico City, Mexico. It was held from 13 to 19 October and was unexpectedly won by the team from New Zealand, which secured the country its first Olympic rowing gold medal. Thirteen teams from 13 nations attended the competition. East Germany earned its first medal in its debut in the event, taking silver. Switzerland took bronze, its first medal in the men's coxed four since 1952.
Hamish Parry is a former Australian representative lightweight rower. He was a nine-time national champion in both sculling and sweep-oared crews and has sculled at underage and senior world championships from 2013 to 2021.
The coxed four was a rowing event held at the Summer Olympics. The event was first held for men at the second modern Olympics in 1900. It was not held in 1904 or 1908. It returned in 1912 with two versions: the standard one as well as one with inriggers. It continued to be held for men until it was removed from the programme following the 1992 Games, at which point it and the men's coxed pair were replaced with the men's lightweight double sculls and men's lightweight coxless four. The women's event was added when women's rowing was added to the Olympic programme in 1976. It was held each year through 1988, when it was replaced with the women's coxless four.
Joe Donnelly is an Australian former national representative rowing coxswain and a rowing coach and administrator. As a coxswain he steered two Australian eights to World Championships. As a coach he contributed to the growth and development of rowing in Vietnam as the country's National Rowing Coach.
The rowing competitions at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris are scheduled to run from 27 July to 3 August at the National Olympic Nautical Stadium of Île-de-France in Vaires-sur-Marne. The number of rowers competing across fourteen gender-based categories at these Games has been reduced from 526 to 502, with an equal distribution between men and women. Despite the slight changes in athlete figures, the rowing program for Paris 2024 remains constant from the previous edition as the competition will feature an equal number of categories for men and women, with seven each.