List of additives in cigarettes

Last updated

This is a static list of 599 additives that could be added to tobacco cigarettes in 1994. The ABC News program Day One first released the list to the public on March 7, 1994. [1] It was submitted to the United States Department of Health and Human Services in April 1994. [2] [3] [4] They are also listed in the documents that are part of the 1998 Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement. [5] It applies, as documented, only to American manufactured cigarettes intended for distribution within the United States by the listed companies. The five major tobacco companies that reported the information were:

Contents

One significant issue is that while all these chemical compounds have been approved as additives to food, they were not tested by burning. Burning changes the properties of chemicals. Burning creates additional toxic compounds, including carcinogens. [6] According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute: "Of the more than 7,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 250 are known to be harmful, including hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. Among the 250 known harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 69 can cause cancer." [7] [2] [8] [9] See: Health effects of tobacco smoking and List of cigarette smoke carcinogens.

Although many of these additives are used in making cigarettes, each cigarette does not contain all of these additives. Some of these additives are found in cigarettes outside the USA too. [10]

Some American brands are sold in other nations. For example: Marlboro, L&M, Winston, Chesterfield, Kent, and Newport. [11] [12]

A

Typical tobacco packaging warning message about the health effect of smoking tobacco Smoking kills.png
Typical tobacco packaging warning message about the health effect of smoking tobacco
Big Marlboro box in San Francisco. "Smokers die younger." Big Marlboro Cigarettes box.jpg
Big Marlboro box in San Francisco. "Smokers die younger."
The front of a 20 pack of Marlboro Red cigarettes sold in New Zealand. Marlboro red pack front NZ.jpg
The front of a 20 pack of Marlboro Red cigarettes sold in New Zealand.
Brazil's third batch of graphic images (since replaced), mandatory on all cigarette packs. Cigarettes brazil.JPG
Brazil's third batch of graphic images (since replaced), mandatory on all cigarette packs.
Philippines. Graphic tobacco packaging warning messages from 2016 to 2018. PH tobacco packaging graphic warning labels.jpg
Philippines. Graphic tobacco packaging warning messages from 2016 to 2018.

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ester</span> Compound derived from an acid

In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group of that acid is replaced by an organyl group. These compounds contain a distinctive functional group. Analogues derived from oxygen replaced by other chalcogens belong to the ester category as well. According to some authors, organyl derivatives of acidic hydrogen of other acids are esters as well, but not according to the IUPAC.

Juvenile hormones (JHs) are a group of acyclic sesquiterpenoids that regulate many aspects of insect physiology. The first discovery of a JH was by Vincent Wigglesworth. JHs regulate development, reproduction, diapause, and polyphenisms.

IARC group 2B substances, mixtures and exposure circumstances are those that have been classified as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as This category is used when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and less than sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. It may also be used when there is insufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans but sufficient evidence in experimental animals. In some cases, an agent, mixture, or exposure circumstance with inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans but limited evidence in experimental animals, combined with supporting evidence from other relevant data, may be included in this group.

The Controlled Drugs and Substances Act is Canada's federal drug control statute. Passed in 1996 under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien's government, it repeals the Narcotic Control Act and Parts III and IV of the Food and Drugs Act, and establishes eight Schedules of controlled substances and two Classes of precursors. It provides that "The Governor in Council may, by order, amend any of Schedules I to VIII by adding to them or deleting from them any item or portion of an item, where the Governor in Council deems the amendment to be necessary in the public interest."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Methyl isobutyl ketone</span> Chemical compound

Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK, 4-methylpentan-2-one) is an organic compound with the condensed chemical formula (CH3)2CHCH2C(O)CH3. This ketone is a colourless liquid that is used as a solvent for gums, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, and nitrocellulose.

This is the list of extremely hazardous substances defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. The list can be found as an appendix to 40 CFR 355. Updates as of 2006 can be seen on the Federal Register, 71 FR 47121.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Methyl anthranilate</span> Chemical compound

Methyl anthranilate, also known as MA, methyl 2-aminobenzoate, or carbomethoxyaniline, is an ester of anthranilic acid. Its chemical formula is C8H9NO2. It has a strong and fruity grape smell, and one of its key uses is as a flavoring agent.

The molecular formula C5H10O2 (molar mass: 102.13 g/mol) may refer to:

The molecular formula C6H12O2 (Molar mass: 116.15 g/mol) may refer to:

Heptanone may refer to the following ketones with seven carbon atoms the formula C7H14O:

<i>Artemisia pallens</i> Species of flowering plant

Artemisia pallens, dhavanam from the Sanskrit name दमनक (damanaka),(Tamil: மரிக்கொழுந்து, தவணம், Marathi: दवणा, Kannada: ದವನ), is an aromatic herb, In genus of small herbs or shrubs, xerophytic In nature. The flowers are racemose panicles, bear numerous small yellow flower heads or capitula, but the silvery white silky covering of down gives the foliage a grey or white appearance.

The molecular formula C7H14O2 may refer to:

Living cationic polymerization is a living polymerization technique involving cationic propagating species. It enables the synthesis of very well defined polymers and of polymers with unusual architecture such as star polymers and block copolymers and living cationic polymerization is therefore as such of commercial and academic interest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Momordol</span> Chemical compound

Momordol or 1-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-2-[8′,10′-dihydroxy-4′,7′-dimethyl-11′-hydroxy methyl-trideca]-3-ethyl-cyclohex-5-en-4-one is a chemical compound with formula C
26H
48O
5, found in the fresh fruit of the bitter melon.

The major drug laws of India are the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act (1985) and the Prevention of Illicit Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act (1988).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GABA analogue</span> Class of drugs

A GABA analogue is a compound which is an analogue or derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Ethyl octanoate, also known as ethyl caprylate, is a fatty acid ester formed from caprylic acid and ethanol. A colorless liquid at room temperature, it has the semi-developed formula of CH3(CH2)6COOCH2CH3, and is used in food industries as a flavoring and in the perfume industry as a scent additive. It is present in many fruits and alcoholic beverages, and has a strong odor of fruit and flowers. It is used in the creation of synthetic fruity scents.

References

  1. ↑ Timelines - Full Chronology | Inside The Tobacco Deal. PBS. Frontline .
  2. 1 2 Cigarette Ingredients - Chemicals in Cigarettes. Tri-County Cessation Center. New York State Department of Health Tobacco Control Program.
  3. ↑ Pharmacological and Chemical Effects of Cigarette Additives. American Journal of Public Health. 2007 November; 97(11): 1981–1991. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.078014. PMC   2040350. By Michael Rabinoff, DO, PhD, Nicholas Caskey, PhD, Anthony Rissling, MA, and Candice Park, BS. "the industry has acknowledged using 599 different cigarette additives."
  4. ↑ What's In a Cigarette? American Lung Association.
  5. ↑ 599 additives commonly used by major tobacco companies in their manufacture of cigarettes.. Tobacco Industry Documents. Collection: RJ Reynolds Records; Master Settlement Agreement. University of California, San Francisco
  6. ↑ Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents in Tobacco Products and Tobacco Smoke: Established List. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
  7. ↑ Harms of Cigarette Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting. National Cancer Institute. "Among the 250 known harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 69 can cause cancer."
  8. ↑ BAT December 12, 1986, Mutagenic Activity of Flavour Compounds. FN AQ2222, BN 400916808-400916815, cited in a health information web page Archived 2007-06-07 at the Wayback Machine published by BUPA
  9. ↑ What Chemicals Are In Cigarette Smoke?. By Christian Nordqvist on July 13, 2015. Medical News Today.
  10. ↑ What's in a cigarette? By Cancer Research UK.
  11. ↑ Marlboro's brand still one of world's best. By Alanna Petroff. May 27, 2015. CNN.
  12. ↑ Most valuable tobacco brands worldwide in 2022. By Koen van Gelder. Statista.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.