Tall buildings in San Francisco | |
---|---|
![]() San Francisco from the Twin Peaks in 2021 | |
Tallest building | Salesforce Tower (2018) |
Tallest building height | 1,070 ft (326.1 m) |
First 150 m+ building | 44 Montgomery (1967) |
Number of tall buildings | |
Buildings taller than 100 m | 100 (2025) |
Buildings taller than 150 m | 27 (2025) |
Buildings taller than 200 m | 5 |
Buildings taller than 300 m | 1 |
Number of tall buildings (feet) | |
Buildings taller than 300 ft | 124 (2025) |
San Francisco is a major city in the U.S state of California. The broader San Francisco Bay Area has a population of up to 9.2 million residents as of 2023. San Francisco has over 480 high-rises, [1] 126 of which are at least 300 feet (91 m) tall. San Francisco has one of the largest skylines in the Western United States. It has the second most skyscrapers taller than 492 ft (150 m) in California, with 26, after Los Angeles. When ranked by buildings that reach 300 ft (91 m), San Francisco has more skyscrapers than Los Angeles. The tallest building in the city is Salesforce Tower, a supertall skyscraper completed in 2018 at a height of 1,070 ft (326.1 m). It is the 18th-tallest building in the United States and the second tallest in California.
The history of skyscrapers in San Francisco began with the 218-foot (66 m), ten-story Chronicle Building, which was completed in 1890. During the 1920s, San Francisco underwent one of the largest pre-war skyscraper booms in the United States, constructing ten structures greater than 300 ft (91 m), including the Telephone Building and the Russ Building . The Great Depression and World War II halted skyscraper development for two decades until the 1950s. Many of San Francisco's tallest buildings, particularly its office skyscrapers, were built in a major construction boom between the 1960s and the late 1980s. This included the iconic Transamerica Pyramid in 1972, which rises to 853 feet (260 m).
After a pause in the 1990s, high-rise construction resumed from the 2000s onward, with an increased share of residential buildings. The rate of development increased in the second half of the 2010s. New additions expanded the skyline towards the south and southeast, particularly in the neighborhoods of SoMa and Rincon Hill. The Transbay development resulted in the completion of the Salesforce Tower and the city's third-tallest building, 181 Fremont. The Covid-19 pandemic of the early 2020s heavily curtailed high-rise construction in the city, while commercial real estate in existing skyscrapers was heavily affected. [2] A number of planned projects could extend the skyline significantly in the future, such as the redevelopment of the Caltrain railyards and the ongoing Treasure Island Development. [3]
The large majority of tall buildings in San Francisco are concentrated in the city's Financial District, located in the northeastern corner of the San Francisco Peninsula. There is also a notable high-rise cluster at the intersection of Market Street and Van Ness Avenue. Shorter high-rises are spread more sparsely in nearby neighborhoods, such as in Russina Hill, Nob Hill, Pacific Heights, and in Mission Bay, where the Mission Rock project is under development. [4] The western half of the city, including the Richmond and Sunset districts that surround Golden Gate Park, are almost entirely devoid of high-rises. San Francisco's skyline is a common photography subject, with a popular viewpoint being that from the Twin Peaks [5] as well as the Marin Headlands, where it can be viewed alongside the Golden Gate Bridge.
California's first skyscraper was the 218-foot (66 m) Chronicle Building in San Francisco, which was completed in 1890. M. H. de Young, owner of the San Francisco Chronicle , commissioned Burnham and Root to design a signature tower to convey the power of his newspaper. [6] Not to be outdone, de Young's rival, industrialist Claus Spreckels, purchased the San Francisco Call in 1895 and commissioned a tower of his own that would dwarf the Chronicle Building. [7] The 315-foot (96 m) Call Building was completed in 1898 and stood across Market Street from the Chronicle Building. The Call Building (later named the Spreckels Building, and Central Tower today) would remain the city's tallest for nearly a quarter century.
Both steel-framed structures survived the 1906 earthquake, demonstrating that tall buildings could be safely constructed in earthquake country. [8] [9] Other early twentieth-century skyscrapers above 200 feet (61 m) include the Merchants Exchange Building (1903), Humboldt Bank Building (1908), Hobart Building (1914), and Southern Pacific Building (1916). Another skyscraper boom took hold during the 1920s, when several Neo-Gothic and Art Deco high rises, reaching three to four hundred feet (90 to 120 m) in height, were constructed, including the Standard Oil Building (1922), Pacific Telephone Building (1925), Russ Building (1927), Hunter-Dulin Building (1927), 450 Sutter Medical Building (1929), Shell Building (1929), and McAllister Tower (1930). [10]
The Great Depression and World War II halted any further skyscraper construction until the 1950s when the Equitable Life Building (1955) and Crown-Zellerbach Building (1959) were completed. Many of San Francisco's tallest buildings, particularly its office skyscrapers, [11] were completed in a building boom from the late 1960s until the late 1980s. [12] During the 1960s, at least 40 new skyscrapers were built, [13] and the Hartford Building (1965), 44 Montgomery (1967), Bank of America Center (1969), and Transamerica Pyramid (1972) each, in turn, took the title of the tallest building in California upon completion. At 853 feet (260 m) tall, the Transamerica Pyramid was one of the most controversial, with critics suggesting that it be torn down even before it was completed. [13]
This surge of construction was dubbed "Manhattanization" by opponents and led to local legislation that set some of the strictest building height limits and regulations in the country. [14] In 1985, San Francisco adopted the Downtown Plan, which slowed development in the Financial District north of Market Street and directed it to the area South of Market around the Transbay Terminal. [15] Over 250 historic buildings were protected from development and developers were required to set aside open space for new projects. [16] To prevent excessive growth and smooth the boom-and-bust building cycle, the Plan included an annual limit of 950,000 square feet (88,000 m2) for new office development, although it grandfathered millions of square feet of proposals already in the development pipeline. In response, voters approved Proposition M in November 1986 that reduced the annual limit to 475,000 square feet (44,100 m2) until the grandfathered square footage was accounted for, which occurred in 1999. [17] [18]
These limits, combined with the early 1990s recession, led to a significant slowdown of skyscraper construction during the late 1980s and 1990s. To guide new development, the city passed several neighborhood plans, such as the Rincon Hill Plan in 2005 and Transit Center District Plan in 2012, which allow taller skyscrapers in certain specific locations in the South of Market area. [19] Since the early 2000s, the city has been undergoing another building boom, with numerous buildings over 400 feet (122 m) proposed, approved, or under construction; some, such as the two-towered One Rincon Hill and mixed-use 181 Fremont, have been completed. Multiple skyscrapers have been constructed near the new Salesforce Transit Center, including Salesforce Tower, which topped-out in 2017 at a height of 1,070 feet (330 m). [20] [21] This building is the first supertall skyscraper in San Francisco and among the tallest in the United States.
The map below shows the location of buildings taller than 300 feet (91.4 m) in San Francisco. Each marker is numbered by height and colored by the decade of the building's completion.
This list ranks San Francisco skyscrapers that stand at least 300 feet (91 m) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed.
As of 2025, there are no buildings expected to be 300 ft (91 m) or taller under construction in San Francisco.
This lists buildings that are on hold in San Francisco and were originally planned to rise at least 300 feet (91 m).
Name | Coordinates | Height ft (m) | Floors | Use | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oceanwide Center, Tower 1 | 37°47′24″N122°23′53″W / 37.79000°N 122.39806°W | 910 (277) | 61 | Mixed-use | |
Oceanwide Center, Tower 2 | 37°47′22.24″N122°23′53.71″W / 37.7895111°N 122.3982528°W | 625 (191) | 54 | Mixed-use | |
30 Van Ness | 37°46′32.4″N122°25′08.5″W / 37.775667°N 122.419028°W | 540 (165) | — | Mixed-use |
This lists buildings that are approved and proposed in San Francisco and are planned to rise at least 300 feet (91 m). Table entries with dashes (—) indicate that information regarding building floor counts or dates of completion has not yet been released.
Name | Height ft (m) | Floors | Year | Status | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
77 Beale Street | 1,225 (373) | – | — | Proposed |
|
530 Howard Street | 840 (256) | 71 | — | Proposed |
|
550 Howard Street (Parcel F) | 806 (246) | 61 | 2025 | Approved |
|
536 Mission Street | 699 (213) | 46 | — | Proposed |
|
The Cube (620 Folsom Street) | 640 (195) | 62 | — | Proposed | |
45 Third Street | 600 (183) | 52 | — | Approved | |
10 South Van Ness | 590 (180) | 55 | — | Approved | |
530 Sansome Street | 544 (166) | 41 | — | Proposed |
|
524 Howard Street | 515 (157) | 48 | — | Approved | |
200 Main Street (Transbay Block 4) | 513 (156) | 47 | — | Approved |
|
5M Development – N1 Tower | 470 (143) | 40 | — | Approved | |
Central SOMA Tower (636–648 4th Street) | 461 (141) | 46 | — | Proposed |
|
95 Hawthorne Street | 444 (135) | 42 | — | Approved | |
180 Hawthorne Street | 444 (135) | 40 | — | Proposed |
|
655 4th Street | 440 (134) | 39 | — | Approved | |
One Oak | 437 (133) | 40 | — | Approved | |
555 Howard Street | 405 (123) | 36 | — | Approved | |
598 Bryant Street | 355 (108) | 33 | — | Proposed |
|
This lists buildings that once held the title of tallest building in San Francisco as well as the current titleholder, the Salesforce Tower.
Name | Image | Street address | Years as tallest | Height ft (m) | Floors | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Montgomery Block | ![]() | 628 Montgomery Street | 1853–1854 | ~50 (15) | 4 | [270] [271] [272] |
Old Saint Mary's Cathedral | ![]() | 660 California Street | 1854–1875 | 90 (27) | 1 | [273] [274] [275] [276] |
Palace Hotel | ![]() | 2 New Montgomery Street | 1875–1890 | 120 (37) | 7 | [note 1] [277] [278] |
Chronicle Building | ![]() | 690 Market Street | 1890–1898 | 218 (66) | 10 | [279] |
Call Building | ![]() | 703 Market Street | 1898–1922 | 315 (96) | 15 | [note 2] [280] |
225 Bush Street | ![]() | 225 Bush Street | 1922–1925 | 328 (100) | 22 | [281] |
140 New Montgomery | ![]() | 140 New Montgomery Street | 1925–1964 | 435 (133) | 26 | [note 3] [282] |
650 California Street | ![]() | 650 California Street | 1964–1967 | 466 (142) | 33 | [note 4] [283] |
44 Montgomery Street | ![]() | 44 Montgomery Street | 1967–1969 | 565 (172) | 43 | [284] |
555 California Street | ![]() | 555 California Street | 1969–1972 | 779 (237) | 52 | [note 5] [285] |
Transamerica Pyramid | ![]() | 600 Montgomery Street | 1972–2018 | 853 (260) | 48 | [286] |
Salesforce Tower | ![]() | 415 Mission Street | 2018–present | 1,070 (326) | 61 | [287] |
Call Building.
[T]he building...was the tallest and most expensive structure west of the Mississippi...
[T]he Montgomery Block was the tallest building in the West when it was built in 1853.
For nearly two decades after it was built, Old St. Mary's was the tallest building in California.
The seven-story Palace Hotel, erected in 1875 at Market and New Montgomery, was the City's tallest building for over a decade.
By any standard, the new Palace Hotel was huge. It stood 120 feet high, its seven stories towering over the city like an enormous fortress.
It was the City's first 'skyscraper' and the tallest building west of the Mississippi when it was erected in 1889.
It was San Francisco's tallest building and visible from almost anywhere in the city.