Occupational medicine

Last updated
Occupational Medicine
MeSH D009787
Occupational Medicine Physician
Occupation
Names
  • Physician
Occupation type
 Specialty
Activity sectors
 Medicine
Description
Education required
Fields of
employment
 Hospitals, Clinics, Government Agencies, Corporations,

Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM), previously called industrial medicine, [1] [lower-alpha 1] is a board certified medical specialty under the American Board of Preventative Medicine that specializes in the prevention and treatment of work-related illnesses and injuries. [2]

Contents

OEM physicians are trained in both clinical medicine and public health. [3] They may work in a clinical capacity providing direct patient care to workers through worker's compensation programs or employee health programs and performing medical screening services for employers. [2] [3] Corporate medical directors are typically occupational medicine physicians who often have specialized training in the hazards relevant to their industry. [3] OEM physicians are employed by the US military in light of the significant and unique exposures faced by this population of workers. [3] Public health departments, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) commonly employ physicians specialized in occupational medicine. [4] They often advise international bodies, governmental and state agencies, organizations, and trade unions. [5] [ citation needed ]

The specialty of Occupational Medicine rose in prominence following the industrial revolution. [6] Factory workers and laborers in a broad host of emergent industries at the time were becoming profoundly ill and often dying due to work exposures which prompted formal efforts to better understand, recognize, treat and prevent occupational injury and disease. [7]

More recently occupational medicine gained visibility during the COVID-19 Pandemic as spread of the illness was intricately linked to the workplace necessitating dramatic adjustments in workplace health, safety and surveillance practices. [8]

In the United States, the American College of Preventive Medicine oversees board certification of physicians in Occupational and Environmental Medicine [9]

Mission

Occupational medicine aims to prevent diseases and promote wellness among workers. [10] Occupational health physicians must: [10]

OM can be described as:

work that combines clinical medicine, research, and advocacy for people who need the assistance of health professionals to obtain some measure of justice and health care for illnesses they suffer as a result of companies pursuing the biggest profits they can make, no matter what the effect on workers or the communities they operate in. [11]

History

The first textbook of occupational medicine, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (Diseases of Workers), was written by Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini in 1700.[ citation needed ]

Notable Occupational Medicine Physicians

Governmental bodies

United States

Russian Federation

Research Institute of Occupational Medicine of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow)

Non-governmental organizations

International

Canadian

Japan

United Kingdom

United States

Europe

Australasia

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ It can be confusing that British English also uses industrial medicine to refer to occupational health and safety and also uses occupational health to refer to occupational medicine. See the Collins Dictionary's entries for industrial medicine and occupational medicine and occupational health.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</span> US federal government agency for work-related health and safety

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The permissible exposure limit is a legal limit in the United States for exposure of an employee to a chemical substance or physical agent such as high level noise. Permissible exposure limits were established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Most of OSHA's PELs were issued shortly after adoption of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act in 1970.

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American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) is a United States-based professional society for health care professionals in the field of occupational safety and health. ACOEM is the pre-eminent physician-led organization that champions the health of workers, safety of workplaces, and quality of environments.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Division of Industrial Hygiene</span> Former U.S. Public Health Service division

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References

  1. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica
  2. 1 2 Ladou, Joseph (2021). Current Diagnosis and Treatment: Occupational and Environmental Medicine (6th ed.). United States of America: McGraw Hill. pp. 1–37. ISBN   978-1-260-14343-0.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Thomas McClure, MD. "What Is Occupational Medicine and What Do Occupational Medicine Specialists Do?". San Francisco Medical Society. Archived from the original on 26 September 2006. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  4. ↑ "Occupational Epidemiology and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
  5. ↑ "Occupational Medicine". American Medical Association. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
  6. ↑ "Changing the Face of Medicine | AliceHamilton". cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
  7. ↑ Hamilton, Alice (1985). Exploring the Dangerous Trades. Northeastern Univ Pr. ISBN   978-0930350819.
  8. ↑ Kammoun, Nesrine; Bani, Mejda; Nouaigui, Habib (2022). "The role of occupational medicine in the response to the coronavirus outbreak: the Tunisian Occupational Health and Safety Institute's experience". Pan African Medical Journal. 41: 19. doi:10.11604/pamj.2022.41.19.27713. ISSN   1937-8688. PMC   8895581 . PMID   35291363.
  9. ↑ "Become Certified – American Board of Preventive Medicine".
  10. 1 2 "New to Occupational and Environmental Medicine". ACOEM. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
  11. ↑ Interview with Dr. Stephen Levin/Obituary, Katie Halper, The Nation, February 14, 2012
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