SLC14A2

SLC14A2
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC14A2 , HUT2, UT-A2, UT2, UTA, UTR, hUT-A6, solute carrier family 14 member 2
External IDs	MGI: 1351653 HomoloGene: 5183 GeneCards: SLC14A2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (human) [1]
End	45,683,686 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (mouse) [2]
End	78,209,094 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• urea transmembrane transporter activity ; • cell adhesion molecule binding ; • protein binding ;
Cellular component	• apical plasma membrane ; • plasma membrane ; • membrane ; • integral component of membrane ;
Biological process	• urea transmembrane transport ; • transmembrane transport ; • urea transport ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8170
	27411
	ENSG00000132874
	ENSMUSG00000024552
	Q15849
	Q8R4T9
	NM_001242692 ; NM_007163
	NM_001110273 ; NM_001110274 ; NM_030683 ; NM_207651
	NP_001229621 ; NP_009094
	NP_001103743 ; NP_001103744 ; NP_109608 ; NP_997534
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated February 19, 2019

Urea transporter, kidney also known as urea transporter 2 (UT2) or solute carrier family 14 member 2 (SLC14A2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC14A2 gene.^[5]^[6]

Protein biological molecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that determines its activity.

In biology, a gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic trait. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes as well as gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye color or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that constitute life.

Function

In mammalian cells, urea is the chief end-product of nitrogen catabolism and plays an important role in the urinary concentration mechanism. Thus, the plasma membrane of erythrocytes and some renal epithelial cells exhibit an elevated urea permeability that is mediated by highly selective urea transporters. In mammals, two urea transporters have been identified: the renal tubular urea transporter, UT2 (UT-A, and the erythrocyte urea transporter, UT11 (also called UT-B, coded for by the SLC14A1 gene).^[6] SLC14A2 and SLC14A1 constitute solute carrier family 14.

Mammals are vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia, and characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex, fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. These characteristics distinguish them from reptiles and birds, from which they diverged in the late Triassic, 201–227 million years ago. There are around 5,450 species of mammals. The largest orders are the rodents, bats and Soricomorpha. The next three are the Primates, the Cetartiodactyla, and the Carnivora.

Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH₂)₂. This amide has two –NH₂ groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group.

Nitrogen Chemical element with atomic number 7

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name nitrogène was suggested by French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790, when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates. Antoine Lavoisier suggested instead the name azote, from the Greek ἀζωτικός "no life", as it is an asphyxiant gas; this name is instead used in many languages, such as French, Russian, and Turkish, and appears in the English names of some nitrogen compounds such as hydrazine, azides and azo compounds.

Related Research Articles

Thiamine transporter 2 (ThTr-2), also known as solute carrier family 19 member 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC19A3 gene. SLC19A3 is a thiamine transporter.

A urea transporter is a membrane transport protein, transporting urea. Humans and other mammals have two types of urea transport proteins, UT-A and UT-B. The UT-A proteins are important for renal urea handling and are produced by alternative splicing of the SLC14A2 gene. Urea transport in the kidney is regulated by vasopressin.

Solute carrier family 22 member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A2 gene.

Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 (ENT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC29A2 gene.

Solute carrier family 22 member 3 (SLC22A3) also known as the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) or extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A3 gene.

Urea transporter, erythrocyte is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC14A1 gene.

Sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporter is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A6 gene.

Aquaporin-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AQP9 gene.

Solute carrier family 26 member 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC26A6 gene. It is an anion-exchanger expressed in the apical membrane of the kidney proximal tubule, the apical membranes of the duct cells in the pancreas, and the villi of the duodenum.

Sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC5A6 gene.

Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC2A12 gene.

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 also known as organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene SLCO2B1.

Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC17A1 gene.

Solute carrier family 13 member 3 also called sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter (NaDC3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC13A3 gene.

Solute carrier family 13 member 2 is a protein that is encoded in humans by the SLC13A2 gene.

Solute carrier family 22 member 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A9 gene.

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLCO3A1 gene.

Solute carrier family 7 member 10 also known as Asc-type amino acid transporter 1 or Asc-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC7A10 gene.

Solute carrier family 22 member 25 (SLC22A25), also known as organic anion transporter UST6, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A25 gene.

Monocarboxylate transporter 10, also known as aromatic amino acid transporter 1 and T-type amino acid transporter 1 (TAT1) and solute carrier family 16 member 10 (SLC16A10), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC16A10 gene. SLC16A10 is a member of the solute carrier family.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132874 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024552 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
↑ Olives B, Martial S, Mattei MG, Matassi G, Rousselet G, Ripoche P, Cartron JP, Bailly P (Jul 1996). "Molecular characterization of a new urea transporter in the human kidney". FEBS Lett. 386 (2-3): 156–60. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00425-5. PMID 8647271.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: SLC14A2 solute carrier family 14 (urea transporter), member 2".

Smith CP, Fenton RA (2007). "Genomic organization of the mammalian SLC14a2 urea transporter genes". J. Membr. Biol. 212 (2): 109–17. doi:10.1007/s00232-006-0870-z. PMID 17264986.
Olives B, Neau P, Bailly P, et al. (1995). "Cloning and functional expression of a urea transporter from human bone marrow cells". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (50): 31649–52. PMID 7989337.
Bradford AD, Terris JM, Ecelbarger CA, et al. (2001). "97- and 117-kDa forms of collecting duct urea transporter UT-A1 are due to different states of glycosylation". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 281 (1): F133–43. PMID 11399654.
Bagnasco SM, Peng T, Janech MG, et al. (2001). "Cloning and characterization of the human urea transporter UT-A1 and mapping of the human Slc14a2 gene". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 281 (3): F400–6. PMID 11502588.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241  . PMID 12477932.
Jung JY, Madsen KM, Han KH, et al. (2003). "Expression of urea transporters in potassium-depleted mouse kidney". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 285 (6): F1210–24. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00111.2003. PMID 12952854.
Smith CP, Potter EA, Fenton RA, Stewart GS (2004). "Characterization of a human colonic cDNA encoding a structurally novel urea transporter, hUT-A6". Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 287 (4): C1087–93. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00363.2003. PMID 15189812.
Damiano AE, Zotta E, Ibarra C (2006). "Functional and molecular expression of AQP9 channel and UT-A transporter in normal and preeclamptic human placentas". Placenta. 27 (11-12): 1073–81. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2005.11.014. PMID 16480766.
Hong X, Xing H, Yu Y, et al. (2007). "Genetic polymorphisms of the urea transporter gene are associated with antihypertensive response to nifedipine GITS". Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology. 29 (1): 3–10. doi:10.1358/mf.2007.29.1.1063490. PMID 17344938.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132874 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024552 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:".

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:".

[pmid8647271-5] Olives B, Martial S, Mattei MG, Matassi G, Rousselet G, Ripoche P, Cartron JP, Bailly P (Jul 1996). "Molecular characterization of a new urea transporter in the human kidney". FEBS Lett. 386 (2-3): 156–60. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00425-5. PMID 8647271.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: SLC14A2 solute carrier family 14 (urea transporter), member 2".

SLC14A2

Contents

Function

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading