20th New Zealand Parliament

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20th Parliament of New Zealand
19th Parliament 21st Parliament
Corner of Bowen Street and Lambton Quay, circa 1929 (cropped).jpg
Overview
Legislative body New Zealand Parliament
Term14 June 1920 – 31 October 1922
Election 1919 New Zealand general election
Government Reform Government
House of Representatives
20th New Zealand Parliament Seating.png
Members80
Speaker of the House Frederic Lang
Prime Minister William Massey
Leader of the Opposition Thomas Wilford from 8 September 1920
William MacDonald until 31 August 1920 †
Legislative Council
Members43 (at start)
38 (at end)
Speaker of the Council Sir Walter Carncross
Leader of the Council Sir Francis Bell
Sovereign
Monarch HM George V
Governor-General HE Rt. Hon. The Viscount Jellicoe from 27 September 1920
— HE Rt. Hon. The Earl of Liverpool until 8 July 1920

The 20th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1919 general election in December of that year.

Contents

1919 general election

The 1919 general election was held on Tuesday, 16 December in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 17 December in the general electorates, respectively. [1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 45 represented North Island electorates, 31 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates. [2] 683,420 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 80.5%. [1]

Sessions

The 20th Parliament sat for four sessions (there were two sessions in 1921), and was prorogued on 30 November 1922. [3]

SessionOpenedAdjourned
first24 June 192011 November 1920
second10 March 192122 March 1921
third22 September 192111 February 1922
fourth28 June 192231 October 1922

Party standings

Start of Parliament

[4]

PartyLeader(s)Seats at start
Reform Party William Massey 47
Liberal Party William MacDonald 21
Labour Party Harry Holland 8
Independent 4

End of Parliament

PartyLeader(s)Seats at end
Reform Party William Massey 44
Liberal Party Thomas Wilford 18
Labour Party Harry Holland 9
Independents 7

Ministries

The wartime coalition between the Reform Party and the Liberal Party had come to an end by August 1919. William Massey of the Reform Party had been the leader of the coalition, with Joseph Ward of the Liberal Party as the deputy. [5] Ward left the coalition because it had become deeply unpopular with the population. [6] Massey then formed the second Massey Ministry on 25 August 1919 and remained in power during the term of the 20th Parliament and beyond until his death on 10 May 1925. [6] [7]

Initial composition of the 20th Parliament

The table below shows the results of the 1919 general election:

Key

  Reform   Liberal   Labour   Liberal–Labour
  Independent Liberal   Independent Labour   Independent
Electorate results for the 1919 New Zealand general election [8]
ElectorateIncumbentWinnerMajorityRunner up
General electorates
Ashburton William Nosworthy 1,493 William Dickie
Auckland Central Albert Glover Bill Parry 786Albert Glover
Auckland East Arthur Myers 158 Clutha Mackenzie
Auckland West Charles Poole Michael Joseph Savage 533Charles Frederick Bennett [9]
Avon George Russell Dan Sullivan 1,648 George Russell
Awarua Joseph Ward John Hamilton 757 Joseph Ward
Bay of Islands Vernon Reed 1,195St. Claire Jounneaux
Bay of Plenty William MacDonald 1,234 Kenneth Williams
Bruce James Allen 126 John Edie
Buller James Colvin Harry Holland 1,003Denis Quinlan O'Brien [9]
Chalmers James Dickson 883 John Gilchrist
Christchurch East Henry Thacker 1,940 Hiram Hunter
Christchurch North Leonard Isitt 2,403 Tim Armstrong
Christchurch South Harry Ell Ted Howard 1,675 Henry Holland
Clutha Alexander Malcolm 134Robert Alexander Rodger [10] [11]
Dunedin Central Charles Statham 497 Jim Munro
Dunedin North Andrew Walker Edward Kellett 806 Andrew Walker
Dunedin South Thomas Sidey 84 Tom Paul
Dunedin West William Downie Stewart 2,421John Arthur Brown [12] [13]
Eden James Parr 1,854Oscar McBrine
Egmont Charles Wilkinson Oswald Hawken 191David Lyon Abbott Astbury
Ellesmere Heaton Rhodes 749George Barclay
Franklin William Massey 3,030Joseph Rea
Gisborne James Carroll Douglas Lysnar 373 James Carroll
Grey Lynn John Payne Fred Bartram 481 Ellen Melville
Hawke's Bay John Findlay Hugh Campbell 942 Gilbert McKay
Hurunui George Forbes 667John George Armstrong [14]
Hutt Thomas Wilford 1,005David Pritchard
Invercargill Josiah Hanan 1,403 John Archer
Kaiapoi David Buddo David Jones 50 David Buddo
Kaipara Gordon Coates 3,291Alfred Gregory
Lyttelton James McCombs 577Robert Macartney [9]
Manawatu New electorate Edward Newman 866Alfred Hillier
Manukau Frederic Lang 2,508 Rex Mason
Marsden Francis Mander 189 Alfred Murdoch
Masterton George Sykes George Sykes 344A C Holms
Mataura George Anderson 1,336 David McDougall
Motueka Richard Hudson 661Percy Power
Napier Vigor Brown 54Frederick Charles Evans [15] [16]
Nelson Thomas Field Harry Atmore 510 Thomas Field
Oamaru Ernest Lee 276 John MacPherson
Ohinemuri Hugh Poland 555J Clark
Oroua David Guthrie 1,843E J Tunnicliffe
Otaki William Hughes Field 1,232James McKenzie
Pahiatua Harold Smith Archibald McNicol 170 Robert Ross
Palmerston Jimmy Nash 1,004 Moses Ayrton [17]
Parnell James Samuel Dickson 3,419 Tom Bloodworth
Patea George Pearce Walter Powdrell 255William Morrison
Raglan Richard Bollard 988 Bill Jordan
Rangitikei Edward Newman Billy Glenn 635F P Brady [18]
Riccarton George Witty 626William Russell Devereux [19]
Roskill New electorate Vivian Potter 1,854 James Gunson
Rotorua New electorate Frank Hockly 1,733Malcolm Larney [20]
Stratford John Hine Robert Masters 61 John Hine
Taranaki Sydney George Smith Sydney George Smith 1,023George H. Buckeridge
Tauranga William Herries 1,860 Benjamin Robbins [21]
Temuka Charles Talbot Thomas Burnett 31Charles Talbot
Thames Thomas William Rhodes 1,590W J McCormick
Timaru James Craigie James Craigie 1,519 Percy Vinnell
Waikato Alexander Young 2,893P H Watts
Waimarino Robert William Smith 643 Frank Langstone
Waipawa George Hunter 274 Albert Jull
Wairarapa J. T. Marryat Hornsby Alex McLeod 540 J. T. Marryat Hornsby
Wairau Richard McCallum 796B J Cooke
Waitaki John Anstey John Bitchener 472 John Anstey
Waitemata Alexander Harris 1,419Arthur Edwin Greenslade [22]
Waitomo New electorate William Jennings 377K C Wilson
Wakatipu William Fraser James Horn 801 Robert Scott
Wallace John Charles Thomson Adam Hamilton 43 John Charles Thomson
Wanganui Bill Veitch 1,703William J. Cuttle
Wellington Central Peter Fraser 1,056 Frederick Pirani [9]
Wellington East Alfred Newman 1,058 Alec Monteith
Wellington North John Luke 1,065H. Oakley Browne
Wellington South Bob Semple George Mitchell 1,426 Bob Semple
Wellington Suburbs Robert Wright 1,127 Alexander Croskery
Westland Tom Seddon 1,497 James O'Brien
Māori electorates
Eastern Maori Āpirana Ngata Uncontested
Northern Maori Taurekareka Henare 1,629Nau Parone Kawiti
Southern Maori Hopere Uru 207Riki te Mairaki Taiaroa
Western Maori Māui Pōmare 1,424Ngarangi Katitia

By-elections during 20th Parliament

There were a number of changes during the term of the 20th Parliament.

Electorate and by-electionDateIncumbentCauseWinner
Bruce 1920 14 April James Allen Resignation John Edie
Stratford 1920 6 May Robert Masters Election declared voidRobert Masters
Bay of Plenty 1920 30 September William MacDonald Death Kenneth Williams
Patea 1921 13 April Walter Powdrell Death Edwin Dixon
Auckland East 1921 2 November Arthur Myers Resignation Clutha Mackenzie
Southern Maori 1922 25 January Hopere Uru Death Henare Uru
Dunedin North 1922 21 June Edward Kellett Death Jim Munro

Notes

  1. 1 2 "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  2. Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
  3. Scholefield 1950, p. 69.
  4. "1890–1993 general elections | Elections". elections.nz. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  5. Scholefield 1950, p. 44.
  6. 1 2 Gustafson, Barry. "Massey, William Ferguson - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  7. Scholefield 1950, pp. 44–45.
  8. Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Gustafson 1980, p. 181.
  10. "Clutha". Otago Daily Times . No. 17779. 11 November 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  11. Dickson, Amanda Rodger (23 September 2011). "West Otago A & P Society". Amanda Rodger Dickson at Wordpress. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  12. Gustafson 1980, p. 155.
  13. "The election campaign". Evening Star . No. 17218. 6 December 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  14. "Notice of nominations received". The Press . Vol. LV, no. 16701. 9 December 1919. p. 10. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  15. "Notice of Nominations Received". Hawke's Bay Tribune . Vol. IX, no. 303. 9 December 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  16. "Napier". Hawera & Normanby Star. Vol. LXXIV. 7 November 1919. p. 5. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  17. Brown, Colin. "Moses Ayrton". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 28 December 2013.
  18. Gustafson 1980, p. 154.
  19. "Notice of Nominations Received". The Press . Vol. LV, no. 16702. 10 December 1919. p. 12. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  20. "Rotorua Seat". Auckland Star . Vol. L, no. 282. 27 November 1919. p. 11. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  21. "Liberal Selection for Tauranga". Wairarapa Daily Times . Vol. 45, no. 13977. 11 November 1919. p. 5. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
  22. "Waitemata Parliamentary Election". Observer. Vol. XL, no. 14. 6 December 1919. p. 12. Retrieved 5 December 2014.

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References