Waipawa (New Zealand electorate)

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Waipawa was a parliamentary electorate in the Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand, from 1881 to 1946.

Contents

Population centres

The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–1876 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electorates was held at four. The House further decided that electorates should not have more than one representative, which led to 35 new electorates being formed, including Waipawa, and two electorates that had previously been abolished to be recreated. This necessitated a major disruption to existing boundaries. [1]

The legislation defined the area as follows: [2]

This district is bounded towards the North by the Hawke's Bay Electoral District; towards the East by the sea; towards the South by the Waimata Stream to its source; thence by a right line to Trig. Station No. 41a; thence by a right line to Trig. Station on Whahatuaro; then by the Manawatu River to the Manawatu Gorge; thence towards the West by lines from peak to peak along the summit of the Ruahine Range to the Hawke's Bay Electoral District,

History

The Waipawa electorate was established for the 1881 election. [3]

William Cowper Smith was the first representative. He was re-elected in 1884. [4] From 1887 to 1890 Smith represented the Woodville electorate, which only existed for those three years. [5]

The representative for Waipawa for the period from 1887 to 1890 was Thomas Tanner; he retired at the end of the parliamentary term. [6] Tanner was succeeded by Smith in the 1890 election; Smith retired at the end of the parliamentary term. [4]

Charles Hall represented Waipawa for the Liberal Party from 1893 to 1896, when he was defeated by George Hunter. [7] Hall in turn defeated Hunter in the 1899 election and then served the electorate until 1911, when he retired. [7] The 1911 election was won by Hunter, who continued to represent the electorate until 1930. [8]

An interesting situation arose in 1928. D. B. Kent was originally announced as an independent Liberal-Labour candidate. [9] He was then approached by the United Party and became their official candidate. The local supporters of the United Party had not been consulted on this, and did not support Kent, but backed Ernest Albert Goodger instead. Goodger thus stood as an independent United candidate. [10] This split the United Party vote, but Hunter again won with an absolute majority. [11]

Hunter's death on 20 August 1930 [8] caused the 1930 by-election, which was won by Albert Jull. [12] Jull was confirmed by the voters in the 1931 election, but was defeated in 1935 election by Max Christie. [13] Jull in turn defeated Christie in 1938, but he died on 24 September 1940. [13] Jull was succeeded by Cyril Harker, who won the 1940 by-election. Harker was confirmed by the voters in the 1943 election. He served until the end of the parliamentary term in 1946, [14] when the electorate was abolished. [3]

Members of Parliament

The electorate was represented by seven Members of Parliament: [3]

Key

  Independent   Liberal   Conservative   Reform   United   Labour   National

ElectionWinner
1881 election William Cowper Smith
1884 election
1887 election Thomas Tanner
1890 election William Cowper Smith
1893 election Charles Hall
1896 election George Hunter
1899 election Charles Hall
1902 election
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election George Hunter
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election
1928 election
1930 by-election Albert Jull
1931 election
1935 election Max Christie
1938 election Albert Jull
1940 by-election Cyril Harker
1943 election
(Electorate abolished in 1946; see Hawkes Bay)

Election results

1943 election

1943 general election: Waipawa [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Cyril Harker 5,546 60.98 −0.34
Labour Archie Low3,45537.99
Informal votes931.02+0.60
Majority2,09122.99+1.71
Turnout 9,09491.71+15.57
Registered electors 9,915

1940 by-election

1940 Waipawa by-election [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Cyril Harker 4,913 60.64
Labour Max Christie 3,18939.36−7.93
Majority1,72421.28
Informal votes340.42−0.41
Turnout 8,13676.14−18.77
Registered electors 10,685
National hold Swing

1938 election

1938 general election: Waipawa [17]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Albert Jull 5,070 51.86 +18.95
Labour Max Christie 4,62447.29+11.37
Informal votes820.83+0.28
Majority4464.56
Turnout 9,77694.91+1.54
Registered electors 10,300

1935 election

1935 general election: Waipawa [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Max Christie 3,089 35.92
United Albert Jull 2,83032.91−19.71
Independent Reform John Ormond 2,12124.66−22.72
Democrat W L Barker5596.50
Informal votes480.55−1.04
Majority2593.01
Turnout 8,59993.37
Registered electors 9,209

1931 election

1931 general election: Waipawa [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
United Albert Jull 3,870 52.62
Reform John Davies Ormond Jr. [lower-alpha 1] 3,48447.38
Informal votes1191.59
Majority3865.25
Turnout 7,47380.99
Registered electors 9,227

1930 by-election

1930 Waipawa by-election [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
United Albert Jull 3,747 52.06
Reform William Tucker3,45047.93
Majority2974.12
Turnout 7,197
United gain from Reform Swing

1928 election

1928 general election: Waipawa [11]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform George Hunter 3,983 53.33 −9.05
Independent Ernest Albert Goodger [21] 2,12328.43
United Douglas Barrington Kent1,36218.24
Informal votes771.02−0.22
Majority1,86024.91+0.14
Turnout 7,54585.80−4.34
Registered electors 8,794

1925 election

1925 general election: Waipawa [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform George Hunter 4,486 62.38 +4.31
Liberal William Ashton Chambers2,70537.62
Informal votes901.24+0.06
Majority1,78124.77+8.62
Turnout 7,28190.13+3.77
Registered electors 8,078

1922 election

1922 general election: Waipawa [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform George Hunter 3,870 58.07 +6.01
Liberal John Joshua Langridge2,79441.93
Informal votes791.17+0.10
Majority1,07616.15+12.02
Turnout 6,74386.36+1.20
Registered electors 7,808

1919 election

1919 general election: Waipawa [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform George Hunter 3,458 52.06 +0.99
Liberal Albert Jull 3,18447.94−0.99
Informal votes721.07−0.38
Majority2744.13+1.98
Turnout 6,71485.16−1.12
Registered electors 7,884

1914 election

1914 general election: Waipawa [25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform George Hunter 3,282 51.07 −3.51
Liberal Albert Jull 3,14448.93+3.51
Informal votes951.46−0.03
Majority1382.15−7.02
Turnout 6,52186.28+4.69
Registered electors 7,558

1911 election

1911 general election: Waipawa, first ballot [26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform George Hunter 3,389 54.58 +4.08
Liberal Albert Jull 2,82045.42
Informal votes941.49
Majority5699.16+8.16
Turnout 6,30381.59+2.75
Registered electors 7,725

1908 election

1908 general election: Waipawa, first ballot [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Hall 2,507 50.50 +11.13
Conservative George Hunter 2,45749.50−11.13
Turnout 4,96478.84−8.09
Majority501.01−20.25
Registered electors 6,296

1905 election

1905 general election: Waipawa [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Hall 3,576 60.63 −11.49
Conservative George Hunter 2,32239.37
Informal votes510.86
Majority1,25421.26−22.98
Turnout 5,94986.94+18.49
Registered electors 6,843

1902 election

1902 general election: Waipawa [29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Hall 2,556 72.12 +15.34
Independent Liberal James Taylor98827.88
Majority1,56844.24+30.68
Turnout 3,54468.44−15.27
Registered electors 5,178

1899 election

1899 general election: Waipawa [30]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Hall 2,332 56.78 +9.62
Conservative George Hunter 1,77543.22−9.62
Majority55713.56+7.88
Turnout 4,10783.71−0.88
Registered electors 4,906

1896 election

1896 general election: Waipawa [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative George Hunter 1,961 52.84 +11.58
Liberal Charles Hall 1,75047.16−3.58
Majority2115.69−3.79
Turnout 3,71184.59+3.22
Registered electors 4,387

1893 election

1893 general election: Waipawa [32] [33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Hall 2,024 50.74
Conservative George Hunter 1,64641.26−4.54
Independent William Warrand Carlile [34] 3198.00
Majority3789.48−6.89
Turnout 3,98981.37+28.16
Registered electors 4,902

1890 election

1890 general election: Waipawa [35]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Cowper Smith 1,297 57.77
Conservative George Hunter 94842.23
Majority34915.55+10.04
Turnout 2,24560.92−5.81
Registered electors 3,685

1887 election

1887 general election: Waipawa [36] [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent Thomas Tanner 695 44.02 +5.60
Independent John Harker60838.51
Independent Fred Sutton 23614.95
Independent Arthur Rowley William Lascelles402.53
Majority875.51−17.67
Turnout 1,57966.74−0.49
Registered electors 2,366

1884 election

1884 general election: Waipawa [38]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent William Cowper Smith 768 61.59 +10.48
Independent Thomas Tanner 47938.41
Majority28923.18+20.97
Turnout 1,24767.22−4.21
Registered electors 1,855

1881 election

1881 general election: Waipawa [39]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent William Cowper Smith 579 51.10
Independent John Davies Ormond 55448.90
Majority252.21
Turnout 1,13371.44
Registered electors 1,586

Table footnotes

  1. ↑ Ormond was the son of John Davies Ormond and the father of John Ormond

Notes

  1. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 43–48.
  2. ↑ "Representation Act 1881(45 VICT 1881 No 14)". New Zealand Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 Wilson 1985, p. 274.
  4. 1 2 Wilson 1985, p. 235.
  5. ↑ Wilson 1985, pp. 235, 277.
  6. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 238.
  7. 1 2 Wilson 1985, pp. 202, 207.
  8. 1 2 Wilson 1985, p. 207.
  9. ↑ "A Change in Name". Auckland Star . Vol. LIX, no. 251. 23 October 1928. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  10. ↑ "Waipawa Seat". The Evening Post . Vol. CVI, no. 90. 27 October 1928. p. 10. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  11. 1 2 AtoJs 1928 election 1929, p. 5.
  12. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 209.
  13. 1 2 Wilson 1985, pp. 189, 209.
  14. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 203.
  15. ↑ "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  16. ↑ "Final Figures". Gisborne Herald. Vol. LXVII, no. 20413. 25 November 1940. p. 11. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  17. ↑ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
  18. ↑ The General Election, 1935. National Library. 1936. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  19. ↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 5. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  20. ↑ "Waipawa Seat". Auckland Star . Vol. LXI, no. 243. 14 October 1930. p. 11. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "Personal Items". The Evening Post . Vol. CIX, no. 72. 26 March 1930. p. 13. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  22. ↑ AtoJs 1925 election 1926, p. 3.
  23. ↑ Hislop 1923, p. 3.
  24. ↑ Hislop 1921, p. 3.
  25. ↑ Hislop 1915, p. 10.
  26. ↑ AtoJs 1911 election 1912, p. 2.
  27. ↑ AtoJs 1908 election 1909, p. 8.
  28. ↑ Mansfield 1906, p. 2.
  29. ↑ The General Election, 1902. National Library. 1903. p. 1. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  30. ↑ AtoJs 1899 election 1900, p. 1.
  31. ↑ "The Waipawa Seat". Hawke's Bay Herald . Vol. XXXI, no. 10478. 7 December 1896. p. 3. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  32. ↑ AtoJs 1893 election 1894, p. 1.
  33. ↑ "The General Election". Otago Daily Times . 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  34. ↑ "Waipawa Electoral District". Bush Advocate. Vol. XI, no. 863. 25 November 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  35. ↑ Cooper, G. S. (1891). The General Election, 1890. National Library. p. 1. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  36. ↑ Cooper, G. S. (1887). The General Election, 1887. National Library. p. 2. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  37. ↑ "Declaring the Poll at Waipawa". Hawke's Bay Herald . Vol. XXII, no. 7861. 30 September 1887. p. 3. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  38. ↑ Cooper, G. S. (1884). The General Election, 1884. National Library. p. 1. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  39. ↑ Cooper, G. S. (1882). Votes Recorded for Each Candidate. Government Printer. p. 2. Retrieved 24 December 2014.

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