Hawkes Bay (New Zealand electorate)

Last updated

Hawke's Bay was a parliamentary electorate in the Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand from 1881 to 1996. In 1986 it was renamed Hawkes Bay (without an apostrophe).

Contents

Population centres

The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–1876 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electorates was held at four. The House further decided that electorates should not have more than one representative, which led to 35 new electorates being formed, including Hawke's Bay, and two electorates that had previously been abolished to be recreated. This necessitated a major disruption to existing boundaries. [1]

Prior to the 1881 electoral redistribution, the Napier electorate covered not just the town of Napier, but also its rural hinterland. The northern boundary was the 39th latitude, the arbitrary line established in 1853 that formed the boundary between the original Wellington and Auckland Provinces. [2] [3] In 1881, this arbitrary boundary line was abolished, and the East Coast electorate came across this line to the south. Inland, the Hawke's Bay electorate went across the line to the north and took up most of the rural part of the former Napier electorate, but it also went into the area of the Rangitikei electorate, and the town of Hastings was gained from the Clive electorate, which was abolished and replaced with Waipawa. Other settlements that belonged to the Hawke's Bay electorate in its initial shape were Bay View, Fernhill, and Havelock North. [4]

History

The electorate was represented by twelve Members of Parliament: [5]

The 1996 general election was held early, on 12 October, to avoid the need for a by-election after the resignation of Michael Laws.

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent     Liberal     Labour   

  Conservative     Reform     National     NZ First   

ElectionWinner
1881 election Fred Sutton
1884 election William Russell
1887 election
1890 election
1893 election
1896 election
1899 election
1902 election
1905 election Alfred Dillon
1908 election
1911 election Hugh Campbell
1914 election Robert McNab
1917 by-election John Findlay
1919 election Hugh Campbell (2nd period)
1922 election Gilbert McKay
1925 election Hugh Campbell
(3rd period)
1928 election
1931 election
1935 election Ted Cullen
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election Cyril Harker
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election Richard Harrison
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1978 election
1981 election
1984 election Bill Sutton
1987 election
1990 election Michael Laws
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Tukituki

Election results

1943 election

1943 general election: Hawkes Bay [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ted Cullen 6,852 54.10 -6.26
National Eric N. Pryor5,21641.18
Democratic Labour D H Butcher2732.15
Independent J H Winter1491.17
Informal votes1741.37+0.91
Majority1,63612.91-8.27
Turnout 12,66493.91+0.46
Registered electors 13,485

1938 election

1938 general election: Hawkes Bay [7]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ted Cullen 7,572 60.36 +5.94
National George Maddison 4,91139.15
Informal votes580.46-0.14
Majority2,65821.18+12.35
Turnout 12,54493.45+4.02
Registered electors 13,422

1935 election

1935 general election: Hawkes Bay [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Ted Cullen 6,222 54.42 +15.73
Reform Hugh Campbell 5,21245.58-15.73
Informal votes690.60+0.07
Majority1,0108.83
Turnout 11,43489.43+9.18
Registered electors 12,784

1931 election

1931 general election: Hawke's Bay [9]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform Hugh Campbell 6,124 61.31
Labour Ted Cullen [10] 3,86538.69
Informal votes530.53
Majority2,25922.61
Turnout 10,04280.25
Registered electors 12,514

1928 election

1928 general election: Hawke's Bay [11]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform Hugh Campbell 3,95338.72
Labour Jack Lyon 3,26331.97
United Gilbert McKay 2,99229.31
Majority6906.76
Informal votes920.89
Turnout 10,30085.55
Registered electors 12,040

1922 election

1922 general election: Hawke's Bay [12] [13] [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Gilbert McKay 3,982 46.28
Independent Reform Andrew Hamilton Russell 3,66542.60
Labour Charles Chapman 95711.12
Informal votes1051.21
Majority3173.68
Turnout 8,70985.58
Registered electors 10,177

1919 election

1919 general election: Hawke's Bay [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform Hugh Campbell 3,234 41.99
Liberal Gilbert McKay 2,29229.76
Labour Charles Chapman 217628.25
Majority94212.23
Informal votes861.10
Turnout 7,78872.96
Registered electors 10,675

1917 by-election

1917 Hawkes Bay by-election [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Sir John Findlay 2,635 54.24
Liberal–Labour H. Ian Simpson2,16444.54
Liberal Alfred Fraser 90.18
Informal votes501.02
Majority4719.69
Turnout 4,85848.82
Registered electors 9,950

1893 election

1893 general election: Hawke's Bay [17] [18] [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative William Russell 1,874 40.76 -25.54
Liberal Charles William Reardon1,80439.23+5.53
Liberal Thomas Tanner 92020.01
Majority701.52-31.08
Turnout 4,59893.19+34.73
Registered electors 4,934

1890 election

1890 general election: Hawke's Bay [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative William Russell 1,340 66.30
Liberal Charles William Reardon68133.70
Majority65932.60
Turnout 2,02158.46
Registered electors 3,457

Notes

  1. McRobie 1989, pp. 43–48.
  2. McLintock, A. H., ed. (22 April 2009) [First published in 1966]. "Auckland Province and Provincial Districts". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand . Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga . Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  3. McRobie 1989, p. 42.
  4. McRobie 1989, pp. 42, 46.
  5. Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. ?. OCLC   154283103.
  6. "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  7. "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
  8. The General Election, 1935. National Library. 1936. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  9. The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  10. "A Coalition Certainty". The Evening Post . Vol. CXII, no. 120. 17 November 1931. p. 10. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
  11. Skinner, W. A. G. (1929). The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  12. Hislop, J. (1923). The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  13. "Hawke's Bay Seat". Auckland Star . Vol. LIII, no. 260. 2 November 1922. p. 7. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
  14. "Hawke's Bay Seat". Hawera & Normanby Star. Vol. XLII. 1 November 1922. p. 7. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
  15. Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. p. 2. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  16. "The Final Figures". Sun. Vol. IV, no. 960. 9 March 1917. p. 11. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  17. The General Election, 1893. Government Printer. 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  18. "The General Election". Otago Daily Times . 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  19. "Hawke's Bay Electorate". Hawke's Bay Herald . Vol. XXVIII, no. 9544. 2 December 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  20. "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1881 New Zealand general election</span>

The 1881 New Zealand general election was held on 8 and 9 December in the Māori and European electorates, respectively, to elect 95 MPs to the 8th session of the New Zealand Parliament.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1919 New Zealand general election</span> Election in New Zealand

The 1919 New Zealand general election was held on Tuesday, 16 December in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 17 December in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 560,673 (80.5%) voters turned out to vote.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rotorua (New Zealand electorate)</span> Electoral district in Bay of Plenty, New Zealand

Rotorua is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was first established in 1919, and has existed continuously since 1954. The current MP for Rotorua is Todd McClay of the National Party, who won the electorate in the 2008 general election from incumbent Labour MP Steve Chadwick.

Taranaki was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate that existed for three periods between 1881 and 1996. It was represented by nine Members of Parliament.

Franklin was a rural New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed from 1861 to 1996 during four periods.

Bay of Islands is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed during various periods between 1853 and 1993. It was thus one of the original 24 electoral districts, and New Zealand's first ever MP was elected, although unopposed, in the Bay of Islands; Hugh Carleton thus liked to be called the Father of the House.

Waitemata was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, from 1871 to 1946, and then from 1954 to 1978. It was represented by 18 members of parliament.

Manukau is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate in the south Auckland Region. It existed from 1881 to 1978, with a break from 1938 to 1954. It was represented by nine Members of Parliament. Two by-elections were held in the electorate.

Awarua was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate from 1881 to 1996.

Wellington South is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed for two periods between 1881 and 1946. It was represented by seven Members of Parliament.

Christchurch North is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. The electorate comprised the northern half of what is now considered the Christchurch Central City.

Wairarapa North is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate, from 1881 to 1887.

Waiapu was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate in the Gisborne – East Coast Region of New Zealand, from 1893 to 1908.

Mongonui and Bay of Islands was a parliamentary electorate in the Far North District in the Northland region of New Zealand, from 1871 to 1881. It was represented by three Members of Parliament.

Parnell was a parliamentary electorate in the city of Auckland, New Zealand, from 1861 to 1954, with one break of eight years.

Waipawa was a parliamentary electorate in the Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand, from 1881 to 1946.

Temuka was a parliamentary electorate in the Canterbury region of New Zealand from 1911 to 1946. The electorate was represented by four Members of Parliament.

Auckland North was a parliamentary electorate in Auckland, New Zealand from 1881 to 1890.

Oamaru was a parliamentary electorate in the Otago region of New Zealand, during three periods between 1866 and 1978.

The 8th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament.

References