Axis leaders of World War II

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Japanese propaganda poster of the Showa era showing Adolf Hitler, Fumimaro Konoe and Benito Mussolini, the political leaders of the three main Axis powers in 1940 1938 Naka yoshi sangoku.jpg
Japanese propaganda poster of the Shōwa era showing Adolf Hitler, Fumimaro Konoe and Benito Mussolini, the political leaders of the three main Axis powers in 1940
Japanese magazine published by the Cabinet Intelligence Bureau on 15 January 1941, advertised the Tripartite Pact Shashin Shuho No 151.jpg
Japanese magazine published by the Cabinet Intelligence Bureau on 15 January 1941, advertised the Tripartite Pact

The Axis powers of World War II was established with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in 1940 and pursued a strongly militarist and nationalist ideology; with a policy of anti-communism. During the early phase of the war, puppet governments were established in their occupied nations. When the war ended, many of them faced trials for war crimes. The chief leaders were Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany, Benito Mussolini of the Kingdom of Italy, and Hirohito of the Empire of Japan. [1] [2] Unlike what happened with the Allies, there was never a joint meeting of the main Axis heads of government, although Mussolini and Hitler met on a regular basis.

Contents

Bulgaria

Tsar Boris III. BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris III of Bulgaria.jpeg
Tsar Boris III.
Bogdan Filov BogdanFilov.png
Bogdan Filov

Germany

Adolf Hitler was the Austrian-born leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party Hitler portrait crop.jpg
Adolf Hitler was the Austrian-born leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party
Heinrich Himmler was the Reichsfuhrer-SS (commander of the Schutzstaffel), and Minister of the Interior HLHimmler.jpg
Heinrich Himmler was the Reichsführer-SS (commander of the Schutzstaffel), and Minister of the Interior

Hungary

Regent Miklos Horthy of Hungary Horthy Miklos kormanyzo.jpg
Regent Miklós Horthy of Hungary
Ferenc Szalasi Ferenc Szalasi.jpg
Ferenc Szálasi

Italy

King of Italy Victor Emmanuel III Vitorioemanuel.jpg
King of Italy Victor Emmanuel III
Benito Mussolini, prime minister, Duce and leader of the National Fascist Party. Mussolini mezzobusto.jpg
Benito Mussolini, prime minister, Duce and leader of the National Fascist Party.

Japan

Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan Hirohito in dress uniform.jpg
Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan
Hideki Tojo, Supreme Military Leader of Japan and Prime Minister of Japan from 1941 to 1944 Hideki Tojo.jpg
Hideki Tojo, Supreme Military Leader of Japan and Prime Minister of Japan from 1941 to 1944

Romania

King Michael I (left) and Ion Antonescu (right) Signal 16-1941..jpg
King Michael I (left) and Ion Antonescu (right)

Client states and protectorates

Slovak Republic

Jozef Tiso Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2010-0049, Josef Tiso.jpg
Jozef Tiso

French State

Philippe Petain Philippe Petain (en civil, autour de 1930).jpg
Philippe Pétain

German puppet states

Leonhard Kaupisch Bundesarchiv Bild 183-S56521, Leonhard Kaupisch.jpg
Leonhard Kaupisch
Vidkun Quisling Portrett av Vidkun Quisling i sivile klaer, ukjent datering.jpg
Vidkun Quisling
Milan Nedic Milan Nedic 1939.jpg
Milan Nedić

Protectorate of Denmark

Province of Ljubljana

Norwegian National government

Government of National Salvation, Serbia

Italian puppet states

Albanian Kingdom

Kingdom of Montenegro

Joint German–Italian puppet states

Hellenic State

Independent State of Croatia

Ante Pavelic Ante Pavelic.jpg
Ante Pavelić

Japanese puppet states

Chairman Wang Jingwei Wang Jingwei 1.JPG
Chairman Wang Jingwei
Emperor Puyi (Kangde) Pu Yi (Kangde) - Manchukuo uniform.jpg
Emperor Puyi (Kangde)
Zhang Jinghui Zhang Jinghui2.JPG
Zhang Jinghui
Chairman Demchugdongrub Princ Teh Wang.jpg
Chairman Demchugdongrub

State of Burma

Kingdom of Cambodia

Republic of China-Nanjing

Provisional Government of Free India

Kingdom of Laos

Manchukuo

Mengjiang

Second Philippine Republic

Empire of Vietnam

Co-belligerents

The following countries fought side by side with the Axis powers for a common cause. These countries were not signatories of the Tripartite Pact and thus not formal members of the Axis.

Finland

Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim CGE Mannerheim RSOmstk1kl (cropped).jpg
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim

Iraq

Faisal II Faisalh.jpg
Faisal II

Thailand

Plaek Phibunsongkhram Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram.jpg
Plaek Phibunsongkhram

References

  1. Ferro, Marc (February 15, 2007). Ils étaient sept hommes en guerre. Robert Laffont Group. ISBN   978-2221100943.
  2. Burleigh, Michael (January 1, 2010). Moral Combat: A History of World War II. Harper. ISBN   978-0-00-719576-3.
  3. Daniel Barenblat, A plague upon humanity, 2004, p.37.
  4. Yoshiaki Yoshimi, Dokugasusen Kankei Shiryō II, Kaisetsu(Materials on Poison Gas Warfare), 1997, pp.25–29., Herbert P. Bix, Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan , 2001