Foreign relations of Haiti

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Haiti was one of the original members of the League of Nations, and was one of the original members of the United Nations and several of its specialized and related agencies. It is also a founding member of the Organization of American States. Haiti also has diplomatic relations with the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, instead of the People's Republic of China. Taiwan is one of Haiti's major trading partners and the two countries maintain very friendly relations. Haiti has also re-established very warm relations with Cuba in which a major act of bilateral cooperation has resulted in Cuba's large contribution of doctors to the country. The Haitian government has publicly shown admiration to Fidel Castro and his administration.[ citation needed ]

Contents

The international community rallied to Haiti's defense during the 1991 to 1994 period of illegal military rule. Thirty-one countries participated in the U.S.-led Multinational Force (MNF) which, acting under UN auspices, intervened in September 1994 to help restore the legitimate government and create a secure and stable environment in Haiti. At its peak, the MNF included roughly 21,000 troops, mostly Americans, and more than 1,000 international police monitors. Within six months, the troop level was gradually reduced as the MNF transitioned to a 6,000 strong peacekeeping force, the UN Mission in Haiti (UNMIH). UNMIH was charged with maintaining the secure environment, which the MNF had helped establish, as well as nurturing Haiti's new police force through the presence of 900 police advisors. A total of 38 countries participated in UNMIH.

In order to spur Haiti's social and economic recovery from three years of de facto military rule and decades of misrule before that, international development banks and donor agencies pledged in 1994 to provide over US$2 billion in assistance by 1999. Disbursements were largely conditioned on progress in economic reform. Parliamentary inaction, principally as a result of the political struggles and gridlock that plagued Haiti since 1996, resulted in the blockage of much of this assistance as disbursement conditions were not met. The electoral crisis that has brewed in the aftermath of the 21 May 21, 2000 local and parliamentary elections has resulted in the blockage of most multilateral and bilateral assistance. Major donors are led by the United States, with the largest bilateral assistance program, and also include Canada, People's Republic of China, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, South Korea, Republic of China (Taiwan) and the United Kingdom. Multilateral aid is coordinated through an informal grouping of major donors under the auspices of the World Bank which, in addition to the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the European Union, is also a major source of Haitian development assistance.

Visas are required for citizens of Colombia and Panama due to the actions of nationals of those two countries in using Haiti as a drop-off point for narcotic drugs bound for the United States. Panama's proximity to Colombia and their thriving off-shore banking industry has lured many traffickers to use that nation and Haiti as bases for their activities. Citizens of the Dominican Republic also require visas to visit Haiti, not only due to the hostile, sometimes volatile relations between both nations, but also because since the late 1990s, the Dominican Republic has become another base for illicit drugs bound for the United States, which usually enter illegally via Puerto Rico. Once in Puerto Rico, drugs can easily reach the United States due to the absence of both immigration and customs between that island and the mainland. [1]

Disputes – international: claims US-administered Navassa Island

Illicit drugs: major Caribbean transshipment point for cocaine en route to the US and Europe (see Illegal drug trade in Haiti)

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Haiti maintains diplomatic relations with:

Diplomatic relations of Haiti.svg
#CountryDate
1Flag of France.svg  France 12 February 1838 [2]
2Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 13 May 1859 [3]
3Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1 October 1862 [4]
4Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela 10 June 1864 [5]
5Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic 26 July 1867 [6]
Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg  Holy See 1881 [2]
6Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 24 February 1898 [7]
7Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 15 January 1902 [8]
8Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 3 February 1904 [9]
9Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 21 November 1912 [10]
10Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 1928 [11]
11Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 11 July 1929 [12]
12Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 18 November 1933 [13]
13Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 7 August 1936 [14]
14Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 1 February 1939 [15]
15Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 20 September 1939 [16]
16Flag of Peru.svg  Peru 13 December 1939 [17]
17Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 31 March 1941 [18]
18Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 29 September 1941 [19]
19Flag of Chile.svg  Chile 7 June 1943 [20]
20Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 28 October 1943 [21]
21Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay 5 September 1945 [22]
22Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 11 October 1945 [23]
23Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines 6 July 1946 [24]
24Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala 1948 [25]
25Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador 14 November 1949 [26]
26Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1950 [27]
27Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia 29 June 1952 [28]
28Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua 6 August 1952 [29]
29Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 23 September 1953 [30]
30Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 1 November 1953 [31]
31Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 12 May 1954 [32]
32Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica 29 September 1955 [33]
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan 25 April 1956 [34]
33Flag of Japan.svg  Japan April 1956 [35]
34Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay 2 October 1956 [36]
35Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg  Bolivia 24 November 1957 [37]
36Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 12 September 1958 [38]
37Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia 5 April 1959 [39]
38Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon 21 May 1959 [40]
39Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt 30 November 1960 [41]
40Flag of Benin.svg  Benin December 1960 [42]
41Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal 4 February 1962 [43]
42Flag of Mali.svg  Mali 21 August 1962 [44]
43Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 22 September 1962 [45]
44Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal 1965 [46]
45Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 29 September 1966 [47]
46Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana 6 October 1970 [48]
47Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados 5 August 1972 [49]
48Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago 31 January 1974 [50]
49Flag of Iran.svg  Iran 16 April 1974 [51]
50Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia 6 March 1975 [52]
51Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas 26 August 1977 [53]
52Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria 28 January 1978 [54]
53Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname 1 March 1979 [55]
54Flag of Libya.svg  Libya 18 January 1979 [53]
55Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia 1979 [56]
56Flag of Romania.svg  Romania 9 May 1980 [57]
57Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon 11 January 1981 [58]
58Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 26 August 1981 [59]
59Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon 14 October 1981 [60]
60Flag of Niger.svg  Niger 17 December 1981 [61]
61Flag of Belize.svg  Belize 1982 [62]
62Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea 10 January 1983 [63]
63Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 16 December 1983 [64]
64Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia 20 January 1984 [65]
65Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco 22 August 1985 [66]
66Flag of Bahrain.svg  Bahrain 15 September 1985 [67]
67Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Democratic Republic of the Congo 1 October 1986 [53]
68Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand 30 October 1986 [53]
69Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Ivory Coast 4 September 1987 [68]
70Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 2 June 1996 [53]
71Flag of India.svg  India 27 September 1996 [69]
72Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda 11 June 1997 [70]
73Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique 25 September 1997 [53]
74Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan 26 September 1997 [53]
75Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia 26 September 1997 [71]
76Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam 26 September 1997 [53]
77Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa 9 December 1997 [53]
78Flag of Armenia.svg  Armenia 21 January 1999 [53]
79Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia 30 March 1999 [53]
80Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia 15 October 1999 [53]
81Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus 29 October 1999 [53]
82Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia 17 January 2000 [53]
83Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles 15 October 2000 [53]
84Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 2000 [72]
85Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore 16 February 2001 [53]
86Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia 11 April 2001 [53]
87Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia 2001 [73]
88Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan 9 May 2003 [53]
89Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary 11 July 2005 [53]
90Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland 18 November 2005 [53]
91Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic 15 December 2005 [53]
92Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia 14 December 2006 [53]
93Flag of Andorra.svg  Andorra 19 January 2007 [53]
94Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso 25 January 2007 [74]
95Flag of Nepal.svg    Nepal 23 May 2007 [53]
96Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg 24 February 2008 [75]
97Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea 24 June 2008 [76]
98Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates 21 October 2009 [53]
99Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia 31 March 2010 [53]
100Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania 4 May 2010 [53]
101Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina 5 May 2010 [53]
102Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine 23 September 2010 [53]
103Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia 16 December 2011 [53]
104Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 26 January 2012 [53]
105Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova 7 June 2012 [53]
106Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait 5 September 2012 [53]
107Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji 16 October 2012 [77]
108Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro 17 October 2012 [53]
109Flag of Tuvalu.svg  Tuvalu 7 November 2012 [78]
110Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 21 November 2012 [53]
111Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  Sri Lanka 14 December 2012 [53]
112Flag of East Timor.svg  East Timor 2012 [79]
113Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar 5 August 2013 [53]
114Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan 20 September 2013 [80]
Flag of Palestine.svg  State of Palestine 27 September 2013 [53]
115Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 10 January 2014 [81]
116Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia 14 January 2014 [53]
117Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 4 September 2014 [82]
118Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia 24 October 2014 [83]
119Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan 9 March 2016 [53]
120Flag of Mauritius.svg  Mauritius 13 February 2018 [53]
121Flag of Rwanda.svg  Rwanda 15 August 2018 [53]
122Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya 20 September 2023 [84]
123Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Unknown
124Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica Unknown
125Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador Unknown
126Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Unknown
127Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada Unknown
128Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana Unknown
129Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras Unknown
130Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Unknown
131Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis Unknown
132Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Unknown
Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg  Sovereign Military Order of Malta Unknown

Bilateral relations

Africa

CountryFormal relations began onNotes
Flag of Benin.svg  Benin December 1960See Benin–Haiti relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in December 1960 with opened Embassy of Haiti in Dahomey. It was closed in 1963 and reopened in Cotonou in February 2004. Embassy Haiti in Benin was finally closed on 11 December 2018. [42]

Haiti and Benin maintain diplomatic relations with a Haitian office in Cotonou, although Benin does not currently maintain an official diplomatic presence in the country due to the 2010 earthquake. Benin contributed a contingency of 32 police/civilian personnel to MINUSTAH.

The two countries share an extensive cultural history by a way of the Atlantic slave trade and the resulting importing of Haitian Vodou as a religious force in Haitian society. The devastating earthquake was followed, among many reactions, by an outburst of solidarity prayers in Benin with the victims. [85] Traditional ceremonies were organized to appease the spirits and seek the blessing of ancestors for the Haitians. [86]

In December 2018, Haiti closed its embassy in Cotonou. [87]

  • Benin does not have an accreditation for Haiti.
  • Haiti is accredited to Benin from its embassy in Paris, France.
Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso 25 January 2007Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 2007 when first Ambassador of Burkina Faso to Haiti Salif Nebié, has presented his credentials to President René Préval. [74]
Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon 11 January 1981Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 January 1981 when Ambassador of Haiti (with residence in Nigeria) M. Antoine Victor Pierre-Louis has presented his credentials to President of Cameroon M. Ahmadou Ahidjo. [58]
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Cote d'Ivoire
  • Haiti has an honorary consulate in Abidjan. [88]
  • Ivory Coast has a liaison office in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea 24 June 2008Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 2008 when Ambassador of Equatorial Guinea Teresa Efua Asangono presented his credentials to President of Haiti, René Préval. [76]
Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon 14 October 1981Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 October 1981 when first ambassador of Haiti to Gabon with residence in Dakar Mr Victor Pierre Louis presented his credentials to President Bongo [60]
  • Gabon is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • Haiti has an honorary consulate in Libreville. [88]
Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea 10 January 1983Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1983 when first Ambassador of Guinea to Haiti (resident in New York) Mr. Alpha Ibrahima Diallo presented his credentials to President Jean Claude Duvalier. [63]
Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya 20 September 2023

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 September 2023. [89]

Kenya offered to lead the Multinational Security Support Mission to Haiti with a force of 1,000 police officers, and this offer was accepted by the UN Security Council in October 2023. [90]

Haitian prime minister Ariel Henry visited Kenya in March 2024 to sign the agreement to deploy the police officers to Haiti. [91]

Haiti is accredited to Kenya from its embassy in Pretoria. Kenya is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Havana.

Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia 1864
  • Haiti and Liberia recognized each other in 1864. [92]
  • The two countries established treaties of friendship and commerce the same year. [92]
Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia 23 October 2014Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 October 2014 when first Ambassador of Namibia to Haiti Mr. Jerobeam Shaanika presented his credentials to President Michel Martelly [93]
Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal
  • Haiti has an honorary consulate in Dakar. [88]
  • Senegal is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia 6 March 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 March 1975 when first Ambassador of Zambia to Haiti (resident in New York) Mr. Rupiah Bwezani Banda presented his credentials to Président Duvalier. [94]

Americas

CountryFormal relations began onNotes
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 1 February 1939Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 February 1939 when first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Argentina to Haiti (Resident in Havana) Mr. Victor Lascado presented his credentials. [95]
  • Haiti has an embassy in Buenos Aires.
  • Argentina has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas 26 August 1977Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 August 1977 [96]

See Bahamas-Haiti relations

  • Haiti has an embassy Nassau.
  • The Bahamas has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
  • There are over 80,000 Haitians living in the Bahamas.
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 1928See Brazil–Haiti relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1928. [97]

  • Haiti has an embassy in Brasília.
  • Brazil has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 12 May 1954Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 May 1954 [98]

See Canada–Haiti relations

During the unsettled period from 1957 to 1990, Canada received many Haitian refugees, who now form a significant minority in Quebec. Canada participated in various international interventions in Haiti between 1994 and 2004, and continues to provide substantial aid to Haiti, [99] the second poorest country in the western hemisphere. [100]

  • Canada has an embassy in Port-au-Prince. [101]
  • Haiti has an embassy in Ottawa and a consulate-general in Montreal. [102]
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile See Chile–Haiti relations

Chile sent 650 peacekeeping troops to the island as part of the United Nations peace keeping mission. [103] Praising the work of the Chilean policemen in Haiti, National Police official Javiera Blanco said, "Even though today there is a need for the key presence of this mission, which is in mid term, the exit should be prepared for, considering that the country (Haiti) must take those responsibilities and build their capacities to do what is done by our mission." The police are planned to withdraw from Haiti in 2011. [104]

  • Haiti has an embassy in Santiago.
  • Chile has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 7 August 1936Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 August 1936 when Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Colombia Ricardo Gutiérrez Lee has presented his credentials to Haiti. [105]
  • Haiti has an embassy in Bogotá.
  • Colombia is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 3 February 1904Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 February 1904, which were interrupted on September 28, 1959, and later resumed on February 6, 1996. [106]

See Cuba-Haiti relations

  • Haiti has an embassy in Havana.
  • Cuba has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic 9 November 1874Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 1874 [107]

See Dominican Republic–Haiti relations

Relations between Haiti and the Dominican Republic vacillated between barely tolerable and potentially combustible throughout the history of both countries' existences, reaching their lowest points in the Haitian invasion of the Dominican Republic, the aftermath of the Parsley Massacre, related Haitian-targeted ethnic cleansing campaigns by the Rafael Trujillo dictatorship and the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince. The periodic influxes of Haitian economic (and, in times past, political) migrants across the border have also strained relations between the two countries at various recent times.

Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador 14 November 1949Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 1949 when has been appointed Mr. Jorge Concha Enriquez as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Ecuador to Haiti with residence in Costa Rica. [26]
  • Haiti has an embassy in Quito.
  • Ecuador is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana 6 October 1970
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 26 August 1981Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 August 1981 [109]

See Haiti–Jamaica relations

  • Haiti has an embassy in Kingston, but later closed in 2012. [110]
  • Jamaica has an honorary consulate in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 11 July 1929Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 July 1929 [12]

See Haiti–Mexico relations

Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 11 October 1945Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 October 1945 [112]
  • Haiti has an embassy in Panama City.
  • Panama has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay 2 October 1956Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 October 1956 when has been appointed first non-resident Minister Plenipotentiary of Paraguay to Haiti Manuel Montanaro. [113]
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago 31 January 1974Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 1974 when first Ambassador of Trinidad and Tobago to Haiti Mr. Charles H. Archibald presented his credentials [114]
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1 October 1862Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1862 [115]

See Haiti–United States relations

Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay
  • Haiti is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela 10 June 1864See Haiti–Venezuela relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 June 1864. [118]

  • Haiti has an embassy in Caracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.

Asia

CountryFormal relations began onNotes
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh See Bangladesh–Haiti relations

The relations between the two countries have been largely influenced by the role of Bangladeshi peace keepers in Haiti.

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

See China–Haiti relations

Haiti does not recognize China.

  • Haiti has a trade office in Beijing.
  • China has a trade office in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of India.svg  India 27 September 1996Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 1996 [119]

See Haiti–India relations

Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 11 September 1958Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 September 1958 [124]

See Haiti–Israel relations

Haiti recognized Israel's independence on 17 March 1949.

  • Israel is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Panama City.
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 10 January 2014Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 2014 when Ambassador of Pakistan M. Qazi M. Khalilullah has presented his credentials to President of Haiti Michel Martelly. [81]
Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines 3 April 1984Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April 1984 when first Ambassador of Haiti to Philippines Mr. Raymond Perodin presented his credentials [125]
  • Haiti is accredited to the Philippines from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
  • Philippines is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan 25 April 1956Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 April 1956 [34]

See Haiti-Taiwan relations

  • Haiti maintains an embassy in Taipei.
  • Taiwan maintains an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
  • Haitian President Jovenel Moise met with Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-Wen in Taipei since 2018.
  • Taiwan has offered US$150 million to Haiti for building up its rural power grid following its destruction in the 2010 earthquake.
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey March 23, 1943 [126] See Haiti–Turkey relations
  • Turkish Embassy in Santo Domingo is accredited to Haiti. [127]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$129.7 million in 2019 (Haitian exports/imports: 0.8/128.9 million USD). [127]
  • After the earthquake, Turkey provided financial aid and equipment worth US$124 million. [128]
  • Since 2004, Turkey has provided personnel to MINUSTAH. [129]

Europe

CountryFormal relations began onNotes
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 15 January 1902Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 January 1902 when has been appointed C. Renoz as Consul General and Chargé d'Affaires of Belgium to Haiti. [8]
  • Belgium is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
  • Haiti has an embassy in Brussels.
Flag of France.svg  France 12 February 1838See France–Haiti relations
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany See Germany–Haiti relations
  • Haiti has an embassy in Berlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of the Vatican City - 2001 version.svg  Holy See
  • Haiti has an embassy in Rome to the Holy See.
  • Holy See has an Apostolic Nunciature in Port-au-Prince.
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 24 February 1898Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 February 1898 when has been accredited Minister Resident of Italy to Haiti Chicco Enrico. [132]
  • Haiti has an embassy in Rome.
  • Italy is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Panama City.
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 21 November 1912Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 November 1912 when has been accredited first Chargé d'Affaires of Haiti to the Netherlands Mr. Stenio Vincent. [10]
  • Haiti has consulates-general in Oranjestad in Aruba and Willemstad in Curaçao.
  • Netherlands is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 20 December 1939See Haiti–Spain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 December 1939 when first Chargé d'Affaires ad interim of Spain to Haiti (Resident in Ciudad Trujillo) Mr. Rafael de los Casares Moya presented his credentials. [133]

  • Haiti has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy in Port-au-Prince. [134]
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 31 March 1941Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 March 1941 when first Chargé d'Affaires ad interim of Sweden to Haiti (Resident in Havana) Mr. Erik Wisen presented his credentials. [135]
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 29 September 1941Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 September 1941 when accredited first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Haiti to Switzerland Mr. Constantin Fouchard [19]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 13 May 1859Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 May 1859 when has been appointed first British Chargé d'Affaires and Consul General to Haiti Thomas Neville Ussher. [136]

Oceania

CountryFormal relations began onNotes
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 4 September 2014Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 September 2014 when first Ambassador of New Zealand to Haiti Mrs Caroline Beresford presented his credentials to President Michel Martelly [82]
  • Haiti is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
  • New Zealand is accredited to Haiti from its high commission in Bridgetown, Barbados.

See also

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Peru is an important first-tier state in South America, Peru has been a member of the United Nations since 1945, and Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar served as UN Secretary General from 1981 to 1991. Former President Alberto Fujimori's tainted re-election to a third term in June 2000 strained Peru's relations with the United States and with many Latin American and European countries, mainly small countries like Yemen but relations improved with the installation of an interim government in November 2000 and the inauguration of Alejandro Toledo in July 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Saint Lucia</span>

Saint Lucia maintains friendly relations with the major powers active in the Caribbean, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and France. Saint Lucia has no extant international disputes, aside from tension resulting from the island's status as a transit point for South American drugs destined for the United States and Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Trinidad and Tobago</span>

Modern Trinidad and Tobago maintains close relations with its Caribbean neighbours and major North American and European trading partners. As the most industrialized and second-largest country in the English-speaking Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago has taken a leading role in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and strongly supports CARICOM economic integration efforts. It also is active in the Summit of the Americas process and supports the establishment of the Free Trade Area of the Americas, lobbying other nations for seating the Secretariat in Port of Spain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Uruguay</span> Overview of the foreign relations of Uruguay

This article deals with the diplomatic affairs, foreign policy and international relations of Uruguay. At the political level, these matters are officially handled by the Ministry of Foreign Relations, also known as Cancillería, which answers to the President.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Benin</span> Overview of the foreign relations of Benin

After seizing power in the 1972 coup d'état, Major Mathieu Kérékou declared the People's Republic of Benin a Marxist-Leninist state and sought financial support from communist governments in Eastern Europe and Asia. To distance the modern state from its colonial past, the country became the People's Republic of Benin in 1975. However, Benin dropped the socialist ideology in 1989 following pressure from creditors and domestic unrest related to economic hardship.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Bolivia</span> Overview of relations

Bolivia traditionally has maintained normal diplomatic relations with all hemispheric states except Chile. Foreign relations are handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, headed by the Chancellor of Bolivia, Rogelio Mayta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of East Timor</span> Overview of the foreign relations of East Timor

After the referendum on independence on 30 August 1999, East Timor became an independent nation on 20 May 2002 and began initiating diplomatic relations with the rest of the global community.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Antigua and Barbuda</span>

Antigua and Barbuda maintains diplomatic relations with the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the People's Republic of China, as well as with many Latin American countries and neighbouring Eastern Caribbean states. It is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of American States, the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States, the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas, Petrocaribe and the Eastern Caribbean's Regional Security System (RSS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Austria</span>

The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. In October 1955, the Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law in which "Austria declares of her own free will her perpetual neutrality." The second section of this law stated that "in all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory." Since then, Austria has shaped its foreign policy on the basis of neutrality.

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