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Pea Ridge National Military Park is a United States National Military Park located in northwest Arkansas near the Missouri border. The park protects the site of the Battle of Pea Ridge, fought March 7 and 8, 1862. The battle was a victory for the Union, and helped it gain control of the crucial border state of Missouri.
Fort Pillow State Historic Park is a state park in western Tennessee that preserves the American Civil War site of the Battle of Fort Pillow. The 1,642 acre (6.6 km²) Fort Pillow, located in Lauderdale County on the Chickasaw Bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River, is rich in both historic and archaeological significance. In 1861, the Confederate army built extensive fortifications and named the site for General Gideon Johnson Pillow of Maury County. It was attacked and held by the Union Army for most of the American Civil War period except immediately after the Battle of Fort Pillow, when it was retaken by the Confederate Army. The battle ended with a massacre of African-American Union troops and their white officers attempting to surrender, by soldiers under the command of Confederate Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest. Interpretive sites are part of the park.
Fort Lookout, also known as Redoubt A, is a defensive earthworks erected during the American Civil War on the outskirts of Camden, Arkansas. It was the northernmost of a series of five redoubts built in defense of the city by Confederate Army forces in early 1864, preparatory to the Union Army's Camden Expedition. The site has been designated a National Historic Landmark as part of the Camden Expedition Sites, a collection of military sites related to the expedition.
Fort Southerland, also known as Redoubt E, is a defensive fortification erected during the American Civil War on what was then the outskirts of Camden, Arkansas. The oval earthworks are now the centerpiece of a city park off Bradley Ferry Road on the east side of the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994, and, with other sites, is part of the Camden Expedition Sites National Historic Landmark.
The Port Hudson State Historic Site is located on the Mississippi River north of Baton Rouge in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, just outside the limits of Port Hudson and in the vicinity of Jackson. The site preserves a portion of the fortifications and battle area of the longest siege in American history, during the American Civil War from May 23 through July 9, 1863. The state of Louisiana maintains the site, which includes a museum about the siege, artillery displays, redoubts, and interpretive plaques. Living history re-enactments are held each year. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1974, significant as the first place where African-American military units fought for the Union Army under African-American field leadership.
Fort McCulloch was a Confederate military fort built by CSA Brigadier General Albert Pike in the Indian Territory during the American Civil War after the Battle of Pea Ridge.
Highway 163 is a north–south state highway in Northeast Arkansas. The highway begins at Wittsburg and runs 42.57 miles (68.51 km) northeast to Highway 1, Highway 1 Business (AR 1B) and Crowley's Ridge Parkway (CRP) in Jonesboro. A spur route runs in Jonesboro. All routes are maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT). Almost all of the route is concurrent with Crowley's Ridge Parkway, with a portion also serving as an Arkansas Heritage Trail for its use during the Civil War.
Fort Granger was a Union fort built in 1862 in Franklin, Tennessee, south of Nashville, after their forces occupied the state during the American Civil War. One of several fortifications constructed in the Franklin Battlefield, the fort was used by Union troops to defend their positions in Middle Tennessee against Confederate attackers. The Second Battle of Franklin in 1864, part of the Franklin-Nashville Campaign in the Western Theater, was the most notable engagement of this area during the Civil War.
The Spanish Fort Site (22-SH-500) is an archaeological site in the Delta region of the U.S. state of Mississippi. It is one of three major earthwork sites in the far southern portion of the Yazoo River valley, and it has been designated a historic site because of its archaeological value. Despite its name, the site was not built by the Spanish, and its original purpose is believed to have been ceremonial, not martial.
Wittsburg is an unincorporated community in Cross County, Arkansas, United States. Wittsburg is located on the St. Francis River and at the southern terminus of Arkansas Highway 163, 4.8 miles (7.7 km) east of Wynne.
Fort Crafford is a historic archaeological site located at Fort Eustis, Newport News, Virginia. It is a pentagonal-shaped earthwork located on Mulberry Island and built by Confederate forces in 1862. The earthworks on Mulberry Island are considered part of the Warwick Line. The purpose of these works was to prevent the Union from flanking the line on the James River. The fort formed the James River terminus of the second trans-peninsula defensive line, which included fortifications at Lee's Mill, as well as Dam No.1 and Wynne's Mill in Newport News Park.
Lee's Mill Earthworks is a historic archaeological site located at Newport News, Virginia. The earthworks formed part of the fortifications along the James River, which included fortifications at Fort Crafford, as well as, Dam No.1, and Wynne's Mill in Newport News Park. On April 5, 1862, advance units of Union Brigadier General Erasmus D. Keyes' IV Corps, under the command of Union Brigadier General William Farrar Smith, encountered Confederate units commanded by Brigadier General Lafayette McLaws at Lee's Mill. Heavy rains and massive earthen fortifications defending the river crossing stopped the Union troops from proceeding to Richmond. Confederate Major General John B. Magruder's extensive defensives beginning at Lee's Mill and extending to Yorktown along the Warwick River caused the Union Army of the Potomac Commander Major General George B. McClellan to initiate a month-long siege of the Warwick-Yorktown Line which lasted until May 3, 1862 and contributed to the eventual failure of McClellan's campaign.
The Mayfield Fortification is a historic American Civil War earthworks at 8401 Quarry Road in Manassas, Virginia. It is one of a series of fortifications constructed by the Confederate Army to defend the critical Manassas railroad junction in 1861. The fort consisted of earthworks with log revetments, and was built by local Confederate troops and slave labor. After 1862 the fort was sporadically occupied by Union forces.
Fort Boykin is a historic site in Isle of Wight County, Virginia, located along the James River. The history of the site is believed to date back to 1623 when colonists were ordered to build a fort to protect them from attacking Native Americans or Spanish marauders. Today the remains of the fort, mostly from the American Civil War, are preserved in a public park.
The Tate's Bluff Fortification is a historic American Civil War fortification in northern Ouachita County, Arkansas. It is located near the confluence of the Ouachita and Little Missouri Rivers, near County Route 25. The roughly square earthworks is believed to have been built in 1864, after Union Army forces captured Little Rock, as an effort by Confederate Army forces to fortify the Ouachita against a potential Union advance. It saw no combat, and was probably only used as an observation and supply post.
The Big Hill Pond Fortification is a Civil War earthwork in Big Hill Pond State Park, which is located in McNairy County, Tennessee.
The Dooley's Ferry Fortifications Historic District encompasses a series of military earthworks erected in southwestern Arkansas, along the Red River in Hempstead County. They were constructed in late 1864 by Confederate troops under orders from Major-General John B. Magruder as a defense against the potential movements of Union Army forces toward Shreveport, Louisiana. They command a formerly major road intersection just east of Dooley's Ferry, one of the most important regional crossings of the Red River. After the war a cemetery for African-Americans was established adjacent to one of the gun emplacements.
The Civil War batteries of Helena, Arkansas are a series of four defensive earthworks erected in Helena, Arkansas by Union Army forces during the American Civil War. The four batteries played a significant role in the Battle of Helena, fought on July 4, 1863, which secured the Arkansas side of the Mississippi River for the Union. They are listed individually on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Isaac Block House is a historic house at 404 East Hamilton Street in Wynne, Arkansas. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, locally notable for its fine Queen Anne styling. On the exterior this is evident in the wraparound porch, the use of fish-scale wood shingles, a projecting gable with carved decoration, and projecting bays that are similarly decorated. The house was built in Wittsburg in about 1885 by Isaac Block, a merchant son of German Jewish immigrants. After the railroad bypassed Wittsburg, Block decided to move the house to Wynne, a feat accomplished in the early 1900s by cutting the house into sections and hauling them on oversized wagons to the present location.
The Wittsburg Store and Gas Station is a historic retail establishment on Cross County Road 637 in Wittsburg, Arkansas. It is the only commercial building in the community. Built c. 1930, it is a single-story wood-frame structure with a gable roof and a false front. A shed-roof porch extends across the front, supported by for square posts. The main entrance is centered, flanked by sash windows. A gable-roofed section extends from the rear of the building, providing residential space for the shop, which occupies the main block. The building also features a concrete storm cellar, and there is a period gas pump to the building's southeast. The store operated from the 1930s to the 1980s, and is a reminder of Wittsburg's former status as a significant river town.
References
- 1 2 "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ↑ "Summary description of Wittsburg Fortification". Arkansas Preservation. Retrieved 2014-11-20.
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