Iproclozide

Last updated
Iproclozide
Iproclozide.svg
Clinical data
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances) [1]
  • In general: uncontrolled
Identifiers
  • 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-isopropyl-acetohydrazide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard 100.020.536 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Chemical and physical data
Formula C11H15ClN2O2
Molar mass 242.70 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • Clc1ccc(OCC(=O)NNC(C)C)cc1
  • InChI=1S/C11H15ClN2O2/c1-8(2)13-14-11(15)7-16-10-5-3-9(12)4-6-10/h3-6,8,13H,7H2,1-2H3,(H,14,15) Yes check.svgY
  • Key:GGECDTUJZOXAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Yes check.svgY
   (verify)

Iproclozide (trade names Sursum, Sinderesin) is an irreversible and selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine chemical class that was used as an antidepressant, but has since been discontinued. [2] It has been known to cause fulminant hepatitis and there have been at least three reported fatalities due to administration of the drug. [3] [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phenelzine</span> Antidepressant

Phenelzine, sold under the brand name Nardil, among others, is a non-selective and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine family which is primarily used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic to treat depression and anxiety. Along with tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid, phenelzine is one of the few non-selective and irreversible MAOIs still in widespread clinical use.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tranylcypromine</span> Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor Antidepressant drug

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Selegiline</span> Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tetrabenazine</span> Medication for hyperkinetic movement disorders

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isocarboxazid</span> Antidepressant

Isocarboxazid is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class used as an antidepressant. Along with phenelzine and tranylcypromine, it is one of only three classical MAOIs still available for clinical use in the treatment of psychiatric disorders in the United States, though it is not as commonly employed in comparison to the others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moclobemide</span> Antidepressant

Moclobemide, sold under the brand names Amira, Aurorix, Clobemix, Depnil and Manerix among others, is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA) drug primarily used to treat depression and social anxiety. It is not approved for use in the United States, but is approved in other Western countries such as Canada, the UK and Australia. It is produced by affiliates of the Hoffmann–La Roche pharmaceutical company. Initially, Aurorix was also marketed by Roche in South Africa, but was withdrawn after its patent rights expired and Cipla Medpro's Depnil and Pharma Dynamic's Clorix became available at half the cost.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nialamide</span> Antidepressant

Nialamide is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class that was used as an antidepressant. It was withdrawn by Pfizer several decades ago due to the risk of hepatotoxicity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iproniazid</span> Antidepressant

Iproniazid is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class. It is a xenobiotic that was originally designed to treat tuberculosis, but was later most prominently used as an antidepressant drug. However, it was withdrawn from the market because of its hepatotoxicity. The medical use of iproniazid was discontinued in most of the world in the 1960s, but remained in use in France until its discontinuation in 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opipramol</span> Drug used to treat depressive and anxiety disorders

Opipramol, sold under the brand name Insidon among others, is an anxiolytic and tricyclic antidepressant that is used throughout Europe. Despite chemically being a tricyclic dibenzazepine (iminostilbene) derivative similar to imipramine, opipramol is not a monoamine reuptake inhibitor like most other tricyclic antidepressants, and instead, uniquely among antidepressants, acts primarily as a SIGMAR1 agonist. It was developed by Schindler and Blattner in 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pargyline</span> Chemical compound

Pargyline, sold under the brand name Eutonyl among others, is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) medication which has been used to treat hypertension but is no longer marketed. It has also been studied as an antidepressant, but was never licensed for use in the treatment of depression. The drug is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minaprine</span> Chemical compound

Minaprine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressant drug that was used in France for the treatment of depression until it was withdrawn from the market in 1996 because it caused convulsions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pheniprazine</span> Chemical compound

Pheniprazine, formerly sold under the brand names Catron and Cavodil, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine group that was used as an antidepressant to treat depression in the 1960s. It was also used in the treatment of angina pectoris and schizophrenia. Pheniprazine has been largely discontinued due to toxicity concerns such as jaundice, amblyopia, and optic neuritis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mebanazine</span> Chemical compound

Mebanazine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine chemical class that was previously used as an antidepressant in the 1960s, but has since been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pivhydrazine</span> Chemical compound

Pivhydrazine, also known as pivalylbenzhydrazine and pivazide, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine family. It was formerly used as an antidepressant in the 1960s, but has since been discontinued.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Benmoxin</span> Chemical compound

Benmoxin, also known as mebamoxine, is an irreversible and nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class. It was synthesized in 1967 and was subsequently used as an antidepressant in Europe, but is now no longer marketed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrazine (antidepressant)</span> Group of antidepressants

The hydrazine antidepressants are a group of non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were discovered and initially marketed in the 1950s and 1960s. Most have been withdrawn due to toxicity, namely hepatotoxicity, but a few still remain in clinical use.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Octamoxin</span> Chemical compound

Octamoxin, also known as 2-octylhydrazine, is an irreversible and nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class that was used as an antidepressant in the 1960s but is now no longer marketed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caroxazone</span> Chemical compound

Caroxazone is an antidepressant which was formerly used for the treatment of depression but is now no longer marketed. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (RIMA) of both MAO-A and MAO-B subtypes, with five-fold preference for the latter.

References

  1. Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
  2. Suerinck A, Suerinck E (April 1966). "[Depressive states in a sanatorium milieu and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. (Therapeutic results by the combination of iproclozide and chlordiazepoxide). Apropos of 146 cases]". Journal de Médecine de Lyon. 47 (96): 573–586. PMID   5930723.
  3. Pessayre D, de Saint-Louvent P, Degott C, Bernuau J, Rueff B, Benhamou JP (September 1978). "Iproclozide fulminant hepatitis. Possible role of enzyme induction". Gastroenterology. 75 (3): 492–496. doi:10.1016/0016-5085(78)90856-9. PMID   680506.
  4. Kaplowitz N, DeLeve LD (2003). Drug-induced liver disease. Informa Health Care. p. 455. ISBN   0-8247-0811-3.