2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii

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2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii
Flag of Hawaii.svg
←  2006 November 6, 2012 2018  →
Turnout44.2% (voting eligible) [1]
  Mazie Hirono, official portrait, 112th Congress.jpg Linda Lingle in March 2010.jpg
Nominee Mazie Hirono Linda Lingle
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote269,489160,994
Percentage62.60%37.40%
2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii results map by county.svg
2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii by congressional district.svg
Hirono:     50–60%     60–70%     70–80%
U.S. senator before election

Daniel Akaka
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Mazie Hirono
Democratic

The 2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii took place on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the 2012 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic senator Daniel Akaka decided to retire instead of seeking a fourth full term. Democrat Mazie Hirono defeated Republican Linda Lingle in a rematch of Hawaii's 2002 gubernatorial election. This was the first open Senate seat in the state of Hawaii since 1976.

Contents

Background

U.S. Representative Daniel Akaka was appointed by Governor John Waihee to the U.S. Senate to serve temporarily after the death of U.S. Senator Spark Matsunaga, and sworn into office on May 16, 1990. On November 6 of the same year, he was elected to complete the remaining four years of Matsunaga's unexpired term. He was re-elected in 1994 for a first full six-year term and again in 2000 and 2006. Despite originally saying he would seek re-election in 2012, [2] on March 2, 2011, Akaka announced that he would not run for re-election. [3]

Democratic primary

The primary election was held on August 11. [4] After being locked in a tight race with Ed Case, her predecessor in Congress, incumbent Congresswoman Mazie Hirono pulled away in the final vote, handily defeating Case.

Candidates

Withdrew

Declined

Campaign

In December 2011, Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairwoman and U.S. Senator Patty Murray for Washington endorsed Hirono. [12] U.S. Senator and President Pro Tempore Daniel Inouye for Hawaii also endorsed her. Case criticized "D.C. insiders." He also argued that he is a fiscal moderate, while Hirono was rated the 6th most liberal member of the U.S. House. [13] [14] The Daily Kos blog described Ed Case a "Democratic villain." [15]

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Ed
Case		Mazie
Hirono		Undecided
Public Policy Polling [16] October 13–16, 2011368±5.1%40%45%15%
Civil Beat Poll [17] January 18–19, 20121,358±2.7%41%39%20%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [18] January 26 – February 5, 2012599±4.0%36%56%8%
Civil Beat Poll [19] June 5–7, 2012731±3.6%46%46%8%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [18] July 5–9, 2012599±4.0%40%43%9%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [20] July 12–21, 2012606±4.0%37%55%8%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [21] July 31 – August 2, 20121,227±2.8%47%46%9%

Results

Results by county: .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Hirono--60-70% Hirono--50-60% 2012 HI US Senate Democratic primary.svg
Results by county:
  Hirono—60–70%
  Hirono—50–60%
Democratic primary results [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Mazie Hirono 134,745 57%
Democratic Ed Case 95,55340%
Blank Votes3,3311%
Democratic Arturo Reyes1,7201%
Democratic Michael Gillespie1,1041%
Democratic Antonio Gimbernat5170.2%
Over Votes1100%
Total votes237,080 100%

Republican primary

The primary election was held on August 11.

Candidates

Declined

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		John
Carroll		Linda
Lingle		Undecided
Public Policy Polling [30] October 13–16, 2011293±5.7%9%85%6%

Results

Republican primary results [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Republican Linda Lingle 44,252 90%
Republican John Carroll 2,9006%
Blank Votes7492%
Republican John Roco5451%
Republican Charles Collins3661%
Republican Eddie Pirkowski2320.5%
Over Votes250.1%
Total votes49,069 100%

General election

Candidates

Debates

Fundraising

Candidate (party)ReceiptsDisbursementsCash on handDebt
Mazie Hirono (D)$5,518,572$5,657,753$77,323$241,951
Linda Lingle (R)$5,865,323$5,839,282$26,042$194,534
Source: Federal Election Commission [36] [37]

Top contributors

Mazie HironoContributionLinda LingleContribution
EMILY's List $215,640 Goldman Sachs $39,900
University of Hawaii $29,900 Elliott Management Corporation $39,500
Kobayashi, Sugita & Goda$24,618 Humanscale Corporation $34,000
Alexander & Baldwin $23,100 Bank of America $21,240
RM Towill Corp$23,000Richie's Specialty Pharmacy$20,000
Weitz & Luxenberg$22,400 Marriott International $19,500
Council for a Livable World $20,914Murray Energy$19,205
Nan, Inc.$20,000State of Hawaii$18,350
Thornton & Naumes$20,000 Devon Energy $15,500
BNP Paribas $17,250Crown Associates Realty$15,000
Source: OpenSecrets [38]

Top industries

Mazie HironoContributionLinda LingleContribution
Lawyers/Law Firms $524,619Retired$640,433
Women's Issues$336,772 Financial Institutions $368,837
Retired$194,307 Leadership PACs $291,500
Leadership PACs$186,500 Real Estate $249,216
Real Estate$123,598 Pro-Israel $185,500
Transportation Unions$110,400 Health Professionals $154,550
Lobbyists $109,344 Petroleum Industry $137,950
Public Sector Unions$108,000Misc Finance$137,500
Democratic/Liberal$85,788Lawyers/Law Firms$135,086
Shipping Industry $85,385Republican/Conservative$101,664
Source: OpenSecrets [39]

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report [40] Lean DNovember 1, 2012
Sabato's Crystal Ball [41] Likely DNovember 5, 2012
Rothenberg Political Report [42] Likely DNovember 2, 2012
Real Clear Politics [43] Likely DNovember 5, 2012

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mazie
Hirono (D)		Linda
Lingle (R)		Undecided
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%52%40%9%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [45] May 4–10, 2011614±4.0%57%35%8%
Public Policy Polling [16] October 13–16, 2011568±4.1%48%42%10%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [46] January 18–19, 20121,358±2.7%46%39%16%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [47] January 26 – February 5, 2012771±3.5%57%37%5%
Public Policy Polling [48] May 16–17, 2012600±4.0%50%41%9%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [49] June 5–7, 20121,105±2.9%49%44%5%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [20] July 12–21, 2012756±3.6%58%39%4%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [50] September 26–28, 20121,684±2.4%55%39%6%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [51] October 15–22, 2012786±3.5%57%35%8%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [52] October 24–26, 20121,218±2.8%55%40%5%
Hypothetical polling

Democratic primary

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Ed
Case		Colleen
Hanabusa		Mufi
Hannemann		Mazie
Hirono		Brian
Schatz		Don't Know/
Refused
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [53] May 4–10, 2011403±4.9%26%15%17%25%6%11%

with Duke Aiona

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Ed
Case (D)		Duke
Aiona (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%50%35%15%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mazie
Hirono (D)		Duke
Aiona (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%49%42%10%

with Colleen Hanabusa

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Colleen
Hanabusa (D)		Duke
Aiona (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%48%43%9%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Colleen
Hanabusa (D)		Charles
Djou (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%50%40%10%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Colleen
Hanabusa (D)		Linda
Lingle (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%51%40%9%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [45] May 4–10, 2011614±4.0%54%39%7%

with Charles Djou

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Ed
Case (D)		Charles
Djou (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%53%35%12%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mazie
Hirono (D)		Charles
Djou (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%51%40%9%

With Mufi Hannemann

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mufi
Hannemann (D)		Charles
Djou (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%46%40%14%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mufi
Hannemann (D)		Duke
Aiona (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%42%42%16%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mufi
Hannemann (D)		Linda
Lingle (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%47%40%14%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [45] May 4–10, 2011614±4.0%51%36%13%

with Brian Schatz

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Brian
Schatz (D)		Linda
Lingle (R)		Undecided/Other
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [45] May 4–10, 2011614±4.0%47%43%10%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Ed
Case (D)		John
Carroll (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [16] October 13–16, 2011568±4.1%60%21%18%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Ed
Case (D)		Linda
Lingle (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [44] March 24–27, 2011898±3.3%52%35%12%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [45] May 4–10, 2011614±4.0%54%36%10%
Public Policy Polling [16] October 13–16, 2011568±4.1%43%45%12%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [46] January 18–19, 20121,358±2.7%46%33%20%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [47] January 26 – February 5, 2012771±3.5%56%36%8%
Civil Beat/Merriman River [49] June 5–7, 20121,105±2.9%52%36%12%
Honolulu Star-Advertiser [20] July 12–21, 2012756±3.6%56%38%6%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mazie
Hirono (D)		John
Carroll (R)		Undecided/Other
Public Policy Polling [16] October 13–16, 2011568±4.1%56%29%15%

Endorsements

Mazie Hirono (D)

U.S. Representatives

Results

United States Senate election in Hawaii, 2012 [55]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Mazie Hirono 269,489 62.60% +1.25%
Republican Linda Lingle 160,99437.40%+0.62%
Total votes430,483 100.00% N/A
Democratic hold

By congressional district

Hirono won both congressional districts. [56]

DistrictHironoLingleRepresentative
1st 59.94%40.06% Colleen Hanabusa
2nd 65.24%34.76% Tulsi Gabbard

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniel Akaka</span> American politician (1924–2018)

Daniel Kahikina Akaka was an American educator and politician who served as a United States Senator from Hawaii from 1990 to 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linda Lingle</span> Governor of Hawaii from 2002 to 2010

Linda Lingle is an American politician who served as the sixth governor of Hawaii from 2002 to 2010. She was the first Republican elected governor of Hawaii since 1959, and was the state's first female and first Jewish governor. Prior to serving as governor, Lingle served as mayor of Maui County from 1991 to 1999 and as chair of the Hawaii Republican Party from 1999 to 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ed Case</span> American lawyer & politician (born 1952)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mazie Hirono</span> American lawyer and politician (born 1947)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brian Schatz</span> American educator and politician

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colleen Hanabusa</span> American politician (born 1951)

Colleen Wakako Hanabusa is an American lawyer and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Hawaii's 1st congressional district from 2011 to 2015 and again from 2016 to 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, she ran for her party's nomination for governor of Hawaii in 2018, challenging and losing to incumbent and fellow Democrat David Ige.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 Hawaii gubernatorial election</span>

The 2002 Hawaii gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 2002, to select the governor of Hawaii. Incumbent Democratic Governor of Hawaii Ben Cayetano was term-limited and therefore could not run for re-election. Former Maui Mayor Linda Lingle, who had narrowly lost the 1998 election, was nominated once again by the Republicans while Lieutenant Governor Mazie Hirono earned the Democratic nomination in a tight race. Lingle and Hirono duked it out in a hard-fought campaign, with Hirono's campaign crippled by allegations of corruption within the Hawaii Democratic Party and many voters desiring a change. The influence of migrants from the mainland as well as the decease in party loyalty of ethnic groups led more voters towards Lingle. Ultimately Lingle defeated Hirono in a close election, making her the first Republican governor of Hawaii elected since 1959 and the state's first-ever female governor. She was the first white person to be elected governor of the state since 1970. Lingle and Hirono faced off again in Hawaii's 2012 U.S. Senate election; Hirono won that race and thus became the first female U.S. senator in Hawaii history.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii</span>

The 2010 congressional elections in Hawaii was held on November 2, 2010, to determine who was to represent the state of Hawaii in the United States House of Representatives for the 112th Congress from January 2011, until their terms of office expire in January 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 Hawaii's 1st congressional district special election</span>

The 2010 special election for the 1st congressional district of Hawaii was a special election to the United States House of Representatives that took place to fill the vacancy caused by Representative Neil Abercrombie's resignation on February 28, 2010, to focus on his campaign for Governor of Hawaii in the 2010 gubernatorial election. Abercrombie planned not to run for re-election in 2010, and many of the candidates that were running for his open seat transferred to the special election. The election was held on May 22, 2010, and Republican Charles Djou won, defeating five Democrats, four fellow Republicans, and four Independent candidates. The main reason for his win was because there were two Democratic candidates instead of one, which split the votes, allowing Djou to win, as Hawaii is an overwhelmingly Democratic state. This is to date the only time a Republican was elected to Congress from Hawaii since Pat Saiki in 1988; Djou volunteered on Saiki's 1988 campaign, and Saiki served as Djou's campaign chair in 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii</span>

The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the two U.S. representatives from the state, one from each of the state's two congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election and an election for the United States Senate. Primary elections were held on August 11, 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Hawaii elections</span>

Hawaii's 2012 general elections were held on November 6, 2012. Primary elections were held on August 11, 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Hawaii gubernatorial election</span>

The 2014 Hawaii gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2014, to elect the Governor of Hawaii, concurrently with a special election to Hawaii's Class III Senate Seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 United States Senate special election in Hawaii</span>

The 2014 United States Senate special election in Hawaii took place on November 4, 2014, the general Election Day in the United States, concurrently with other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii</span>

The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, to elect the two U.S. representatives from the state of Hawaii, one from each of the state's two congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including an election for Governor of Hawaii and a special election to the United States Senate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Carroll (Hawaii politician)</span> American politician (1929–2021)

John Stanley Carroll was an American lawyer and politician who served as a state representative and state senator from Hawaii as a Republican. He was also a perennial candidate for multiple statewide offices in Hawaii.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2018 Hawaii gubernatorial election</span>

The 2018 Hawaii gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 2018, to elect the governor of Hawaii and lieutenant governor of Hawaii.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Honolulu mayoral election</span>

The 2020 Honolulu mayoral election determined the Mayor of the City and County of Honolulu for the term commencing in January 2021. Incumbent mayor Kirk Caldwell was ineligible to run for a third term due to term limits.

References

  1. ↑ Dr. Michael McDonald (February 9, 2013). "2012 General Election Turnout Rates". George Mason University. Archived from the original on April 24, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
  2. ↑ Mizutani, Ron (April 26, 2010). "Sen. Akaka: "God willing, I Plan to Run Again in 2012"". KHON2 . Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
  3. 1 2 DePledge, Derrick (March 2, 2011). "AKAKA WILL NOT SEEK RE-ELECTION IN 2012". Honolulu Star-Advertiser . Archived from the original on March 4, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
  4. ↑ "Maui Weekly". Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  5. ↑ Starkey, Melanie (April 10, 2011). "Ed Case to Mount Hawaii Senate Campaign". Roll Call . Retrieved June 1, 2011.
  6. ↑ Trygstad, Kyle (May 19, 2011). "Mazie Hirono to Run for Open Senate Seat in Hawaii". Roll Call . Retrieved June 1, 2011.
  7. ↑ Daranciang, Nelson (May 31, 2011). "Duckworth not considering run for Hawaii posts". Honolulu Star-Advertiser . Archived from the original on November 4, 2011. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
  8. ↑ Catanese, David (March 3, 2011). "Hanabusa passes on Senate Bid". Politico . Retrieved August 24, 2011.
  9. ↑ Blair, Chad (August 24, 2011). "No Senate Run for Hanabusa". Honolulu Civil Beat. Peer News LLC. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  10. ↑ Trygstad, Kyle (August 24, 2011). "Hanabusa Will Seek Re-Election, Not Bid for Senate". Roll Call. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  11. ↑ Joseph, Cameron (August 30, 2011). "Former Honolulu Mayor Hannemann to run for House". Ballot Box . Retrieved August 30, 2011.
  12. ↑ Poll: Hirono in solid shape in Senate primary - The Hill's Ballot Box
  13. ↑ Former Congressman Ed Case: If Hirono Wins U.S. Senate Democratic Primary, Former GOP Gov. Lingle Will Beat Her | Hawaii Reporter
  14. ↑ Unrelenting Ed Case Says Mazie Hirono Is D.C. Insider : Roll Call Politics
  15. ↑ "Honolulu Civil Beat – Capitol Watch – Hawaii Politics and Government – Daily Kos Hates Ed Case". Archived from the original on April 26, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2011.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 Public Policy Polling
  17. ↑ Civil Beat Poll
  18. 1 2 Honolulu Star-Advertiser
  19. ↑ Civil Beat Poll
  20. 1 2 3 Honolulu Star-Advertiser
  21. ↑ Civil Beat/Merriman River
  22. 1 2 "PRIMARY ELECTION 2012 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). State Of Hawaii Office of Elections. Retrieved September 29, 2012.
  23. ↑ "Ex-HI GOP legislator John Carroll to run for U.S. Senate". The Hawaii Independent . September 21, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  24. ↑ Bracken, Sherry (May 29, 2012). "Senate Candidate Lingle Continues to Campaign on Big Island". Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2012. In the August 11 Republican primary, she will face Charles Collins of Pahoa.
  25. ↑ DePledge, Derrick (October 11, 2011). "Lingle joins U.S. Senate race". Honolulu Star-Advertiser . Retrieved October 11, 2011.
  26. ↑ "Office of Elections" (PDF).
  27. ↑ "Aiona says he will not run for Congress in 2012". Honolulu Star-Advertiser . August 16, 2011. Archived from the original on September 25, 2011. Retrieved September 7, 2011.
  28. ↑ "Djou announces run for Congress, will deploy to Afghanistan". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. August 17, 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  29. ↑ Trygstad, Kyle (August 17, 2011). "Ex-Rep. Djou Announces Bid for House". Roll Call. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  30. ↑ Public Policy Polling
  31. ↑ "Hawaii – County Vote Results". Associated Press. August 12, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
  32. ↑ "Hirono, Lingle square off in first Senate debate". New Vision Television – KHON2. September 6, 2012. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
  33. ↑ Sakahara, Tim (September 6, 2012). "Lingle and Hirono battle in feisty debate" . Retrieved October 8, 2012.
  34. ↑ "Lingle, Hirono finalize debate schedule". The Maui News. August 23, 2012. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
  35. ↑ "Lingle, Hirono finalize US Senate debate schedule". Real Clear Politics. Associated Press. August 22, 2012. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
  36. ↑ Federal Election Commission. "2012 House and Senate Campaign Finance for Hawaii HIRONO, MAZIE K". fec.gov.
  37. ↑ Federal Election Commission. "2012 House and Senate Campaign Finance for Hawaii LINGLE, LINDA". fec.gov.
  38. ↑ "Top Contributors 2012 Race: Hawaii Senate". OpenSecrets.
  39. ↑ "Top Industries 2012 Race: Hawaii Senate". OpenSecrets.
  40. ↑ "2012 Senate Race Ratings for November 1, 2012". The Cook Political Report. Archived from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  41. ↑ "2012 Senate". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  42. ↑ "2012 Senate Ratings". Senate Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  43. ↑ "2012 Elections Map – Battle for the Senate 2012". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Public Policy Polling
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 Honolulu Star-Advertiser
  46. 1 2 Civil Beat/Merriman River
  47. 1 2 Honolulu Star-Advertiser
  48. ↑ Public Policy Polling
  49. 1 2 Civil Beat/Merriman River
  50. ↑ Civil Beat/Merriman River
  51. ↑ Honolulu Star-Advertiser
  52. ↑ Civil Beat/Merriman River
  53. ↑ Honolulu Star-Advertiser
  54. ↑ "Don Young's unusual endorsement of Hawaii Democrat Mazie Hirono". Anchorage Daily News. July 25, 2012. Retrieved April 17, 2022.
  55. ↑ "2012 General Election Summary Report" (PDF). State of Hawaii. November 20, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  56. ↑ "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts". Daily Kos. Retrieved August 11, 2020.

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