Field hockey in India

Field hockey in India
Country	India
Governing body	Hockey India
National team(s)	Senior India men's national field hockey team India women's national field hockey team Junior India men's national under-21 field hockey team India women's national under-21 field hockey team
Nickname(s)	Men in Blue Women in Blue
National competitions
Senior National Hockey Championship (1928–present)
Club competitions
Hockey India League (2013–present) World Series Hockey (2012) Premier Hockey League (2005–2008)
International competitions
Senior Teams Olympic Games M: (1928, 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1964, 1980) W: 4th (1980, 2020) World Cup M: (1975) W: 4th (1974) Pro League M: (2021–22) W: (2021–22) Commonwealth Games M: (2014, 2010, 2022) W: (2002) Asian Games M: (1966, 1998, 2014, 2022) W: (1982) Asia Cup M: (2003, 2007, 2017) W: (2004, 2017) Asian Champions Trophy M: (2011, 2016, 2018, 2023, 2024 ) W: (2016, 2023, 2024) South Asian Games M: (1995) W: (2016) World League M: (2014–15, 2016–17) Hockey Series M: (2018–19) F: (2018–19) Champions Trophy M: (2016, 2018) Hockey Champions Challenge I M: (2001) F: (2002) Sultan Azlan Shah Cup M: (1985, 1991, 1995, 2009, 2010) Afro-Asian Games M: (2003) W: (2003) Western Asiatic Games M: (1934) Nations Cup F: (2022) Junior Teams Youth Olympic Games M: (2018) W: (2018) World Cup M: (2001, 2016) W: (2013) Asia Cup M: (2004, 2008, 2015, 2023, 2024) W: (2023, 2024 ) Sultan of Johor Cup M: (2013, 2014, 2022)

Field hockey in India is played by the men's national team and the women's national team at the international level. Historically, both the teams are amongst the most successful Indian sports teams.

In July 2018, Indian state Odisha wrote a letter to Prime Minister Narendra Modi urging him to declare field hockey as the national sport of India. ^[1] The state government of Odisha has been supporting India's national field hockey team from February 2018 till next five years. ^[2] The 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup was held in the Odisha capital Bhubaneswar between 28 November and 16 December and culminated with Belgium as World Champions defeating Netherlands in the finals. Field hockey was believed to be India's national sport but this was debunked by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, which confirmed that it had not declared any sport or game as the national sport. ^[3]

History

Men's Field Hockey

Golden years (1928–1959)

India participated at the Olympics for the first time in 1928. In the group stage, India beat Austria 6–0, Belgium 9–0 and Switzerland 5–0 without conceding a single goal. They defeated Netherlands 3–0 in the finals under the captaincy of Jaipal Singh Munda. ^[4] India then went on to successfully defend their title at the 1932 Olympics with a 11–1 win over Japan and 24–1 win over United States, in that match Dhyan Chand scored 8 goals and Roop Singh scored 10 goals, This is still the largest margin of victory ever in the Olympic games even after all these years. ^[5] India went on to win their third straight title at the 1936 Olympics, this time captained by legendary player Dhyan Chand himself. India stormed through the group stage by winning against Japan 9–0, Hungary 4–0 and United States 7–0. In the semi-finals they defeated France 10–0. The team went on to face Germany in the final. The match was won by India 8–1 and it still remains the biggest winning margin in an Olympic final. ^[5] The Indian hockey team that won three successive Olympic titles is often regarded as one of the greatest ever to play the sport. ^[6]

India vs Berlin XI in 1936.

The World War II caused the cancellation of 1940 and 1944 Olympics, which ended the era of a team that dominated world hockey. ^[7] At the 1948 Olympics India was placed in group A and won all the three games, an 8–0 win over Austria, Argentina 9–1 and Spain 2–0. In the final India went on to face Great Britain, it was the first time India faced them. The skilled British team had already won the gold medal in 1908 and 1920, so this match was billed as a "Battle of Champions" and eventually India won the match 4–0. ^[8] The result was a sweet one for India, which gained independence from Britain just a year before. This win is often regarded as the greatest ever moment of Indian field hockey and also all of Indian sports. ^[9]

India went on to win two further gold medals in 1952 and 1956, preserving its record as the most successful and dominant team at that time in the Olympics. In 1952 Olympics quarter-finals India won against Austria 4–0, Great Britain 3–1 in semi-final and defeated Netherlands 6–1 in the final. ^[10] The match is famous for the five-goal magical performance of Balbir Singh Sr., which is an Olympic record that still stands today. At the 1956 Olympics India defeated Afghanistan 14–0, United States 16–0 and Singapore 6–0 in group stage. India defeated Germany 1–0 in semi-final. In the final India faced Pakistan and won the match 1–0, which was the beginning of the biggest rivalry in field hockey. ^[11] India and Pakistan again met each other in 1958 Asian Games and this time the match ended in a 0–0 draw. India also defeated Japan 8–0, South Korea 2–1 and Malaysia 6–0. But Pakistan claimed gold medal in the Asian Games by better average. It was the first time India finished runners-up in an international competition. ^[12]

Last years of dominance (1960–1980)

At the 1960 Olympics India started its campaign by winning against Denmark 10–0, and Netherlands 4–1, New Zealand 3–0. India defeated Australia and Great Britain in quarter-finals and semi-finals respectively. In the final it was the beginning of a new era, for the first time India lost a match at the Olympics, a 0–1 loss to Pakistan in the final which ended India's streak of six successive gold medals and 30 matches unbeaten run. ^[13] Two years later India went on to win another silver medal at the 1962 Asian Games. India returned strongly at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics by registering wins against Hong Kong, Belgium, Netherlands, Malaysia and Canada and drawing with Spain and Germany. In the Semi-finals India defeated Australia 3–1, and they won against Pakistan in the final to take their seventh gold medal at the games and also went on to capture their first gold medal in 1966 Asian Games by defeating Pakistan again in the final. ^[14]

Indian team celebrating their 1–0 win over Pakistan in the 1973 World Cup semi-finals.

At the 1968 Mexico Olympics, India started with a loss against New Zealand but won all of their remaining 6 matches against West Germany, Japan, Spain, Mexico, East Germany and Belgium but India went to a new low, for the first time as they were defeated in the semi-final by Australia, but they successfully claimed the bronze medal by beating West Germany. ^[15] At the 1972 Olympics also the results were same as India started brightly by defeating Great Britain, Australia, Kenya, New Zealand and Mexico but drew with Netherlands and Poland. They were defeated in the semi-finals by Pakistan. In the third-place match India defeated the Netherlands to claim bronze medal. ^[16]

India won the bronze medal at the 1971 World Cup by virtue of a win over Kenya in the third-place playoffs. ^[17] At the 1973 World Cup India defeated Pakistan in semi-finals, but lost to Netherlands in the final in penalty shoot-out after the match ended in a 2–2 draw. ^[18] But at the 1975 World Cup India defeated Malaysia in the semi-final before beating arch-rivals Pakistan in the final to claim their first title. ^[19] In the 1976 Olympics astro-turf hockey pitch was introduced, India struggled to maintain their dominance like they did on grass fields and for the first time ever returned home empty handed. The 1980 Olympics was held in Moscow, India started their campaign with an 18–0 win over Tanzania followed by a 2–2 draw with both Poland and Spain respectively. Later followed by resounding wins over Cuba with a margin of 13–0 and Soviet Union by the scoreline of 4–2. India later won the gold medal for a record eighth time by defeating Spain in the final by the score of 4–3. ^[20]

Decline (1981–1997)

After the 1980 Olympics success India's performance declined and the following decades resulted in a lot of ups and downs for the national team. As the team failed to win any medal in the World Cups or Olympics, but continued to be a top team in Asia and went on to win several medals in continental competitions. ^[21] The 1982 World Cup was hosted by India and they finished at 5th position. ^[22] The team lost to Pakistan in both 1982 Asian Games final and the inaugural Asia Cup final held in Karachi. ^[23] India ended the decade by winning bronze medals at the 1986 Asian Games and 1982 Champions Trophy and silver medals at the 1985 Asia Cup and 1989 Asia Cup. Their only gold medal success in a big tournament in the decade came at the 1985 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup. ^[24] India also went on to win 1991 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup and reached finals of 1994 Asia Cup but lost to South Korea in the final. The team then went on to win the 1995 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup. ^[25]

Resurgence (1998–2012)

India won their first continental title after 32 years at the 1998 Asian Games by defeating South Korea. ^{[26] [27]} The team finished fourth at the 1998 Commonwealth Games. They ended the decade by collecting bronze medal at the 1999 Asia Cup. ^[28]

India started the new millennium by winning the inaugural Hockey Champions Challenge by defeating South Africa in the final. In 2003 India won their first ever Asia Cup title by defeating Pakistan in the final. ^[29] The same year India also clinched the first and only Afro-Asian Games title by defeating Pakistan again in the final. ^[30] For the First time in their history the team did not win a medal at the Asian Games as they finished fifth at the 2006 Asian Games, but India defended their title successfully in the Asia Cup by winning the 2007 Asia Cup. In the final the team conveniently beat South Korea 7–2. ^[31] India failed to qualify for 2008 Beijing Games for the first time. ^[32]

The next Asia Cup tournament in 2009 proved to be disastrous as the team finished fifth and failed to get any medal. But the team regained momentum after winning the 2009 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup and also became the joint winners in the 2010 edition. In the 2010 World Cup, which was hosted in India, and the team finished on 8th position. In the 2010 Commonwealth Games which was again hosted by India, the national team reached the final where they were defeated 0–8 by Australia, the biggest defeat India ever suffered. ^[33] India became the first ever champions of the Asian Champions Trophy after they beat Pakistan in the final of the 2011 edition. ^[34] In 2012 the team finished last at the Olympics as they lost all their matches, it was disappointing given the fact that they are the most successful team ever at the Olympics. ^{[35] [36]} India also finished as runners-up at the 2012 Asian Champions Trophy. ^[37]

2013–present (Olympic comeback)

After the disappointment in Olympics India played at the 2013 Asian Champions Trophy but could only finish at 5th place. The 2014 Asian Games became the turning point as the team defeated Pakistan ^{[38] [39] [40]} to win their third gold medal. ^{[41] [42] [43]} In 2014–15 Hockey World League India won the bronze medal by beating Netherlands. The team reached the finals of 2016 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy but lost to Australia in penalty shootout. But bounced back by winning Asian Champions Trophy in 2016 Asian Champions Trophy by defeating Pakistan and 2017 Asia Cup by defeating Malaysia. ^{[44] [45]} The team also won bronze medal at the 2016–17 Hockey World League by defeating Germany 2–1.

The 2018 Asian Games proved little disappointing as India was the defending champions as well as the favorites to win but was surprised by Malaysia in semi-final. They later won bronze medal by defeating Pakistan 2–1. ^[46] The team returned strongly by winning 2018 Asian Champions Trophy and collecting a gold medal at the 2018–19 Men's Hockey Series. India played as hosts in the 2018 Hockey World Cup and reached the quarter-finals but lost to Netherlands. ^[47]

Indian team won bronze in 2020 Tokyo Olympics after defeating Germany 5–4. This was a historic win as the Indian Hockey team won a medal in Olympics after a gap of 41 years. ^{[48] [49]} In 2023 India made a successful run at the Asian Champions Trophy and the Asian Games both of which India won undefeated. ^[50]

Women's Field Hockey

The team's breakthrough performance came at the Women's Hockey World Cup at Mandelieu in 1974, where it finished in 4th place. Their best performance in the Olympic Games was at 1980 Moscow Summer Olympics (where they came in 4th), when a women's event was held for the first time in Olympic history. The team also won the Gold medal at the inaugural 1982 Asian Games held in New Delhi, defeating Korea in the finals. Captain Suraj Lata Devi led the team to the Gold for three consecutive years at different events- during the 2002 Commonwealth Games, ^[51] the 2003 Afro-Asian Games, and the 2004 Women's Hockey Asia Cup. Team members were referred to as the "assi (Jasjeet) jaisi koi nahi" or the "Golden Girls of Hockey," after the 2004 win. ^[52] The team earned a 3rd-place finish at the 2013 Women's Hockey Asia Cup at Kuala Lumpur defeating China in a shootout. ^[53] At the 2014 Commonwealth Games, it finished in 5th place but at 2014 Asian Games, Incheon stunned Japan 2–1 in a tight match to clinch their third bronze medal at the Asian Games. ^[54] During the summer of 2015, the team hosted the Round 2 of the 2014–15 Women's FIH Hockey World League and finished on top to qualify for the next stage. At the World League Semi-finals held in Antwerp the team finished in the fifth place beating higher ranked Japan in classification match. ^[55] The Indian woman's national field hockey team qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics ^[56] for the first time since the 1980 Summer Olympics. ^{[57] [58]} They were eliminated in the group stage, however, where they placed 6th.

2002 Commonwealth Games and Chak De! India (2007)

The 2002 Commonwealth Games Squad, led by Captain Suraj Lata Devi, competed in the 2002 Commonwealth Games. The team entered the finals after defeating the New Zealand women's national field hockey team. ^[59] and placed first, winning the Gold after they beat the English women's hockey team. ^{[51] [60] [61]}

This event served as the inspiration for the 2007 Bollywood film about women's field hockey, Chak De! India starring Shah Rukh Khan (after screenwriter Jaideep Sahni read a short article about it). ^[62] Sahni began to model the character of Kabir Khan on hockey coach Maharaj Krishan Kaushik. ^[63] After hearing the storyline, Kaushik suggested that Sahni meet hockey player Mir Ranjan Negi (who faced accusations of throwing the match against Pakistan during the 1982 Asian Games). ^{[64] [65] [66]} Sahni has stated that he was unaware of Negi's tribulations while writing the script and that the resemblance with Negi's life was entirely coincidental. ^[67] Negi affirmed this point stating that he didn't "want to hog the limelight. This movie is not a documentary of Mir Ranjan Negi's life. It is in fact the story of a team that becomes a winning lot from a bunch of hopeless girls". ^[68] In response to the fact that the media equated Kabir Khan with Negi, Sahni said that "Our script was written a year and a half back. It is very unfortunate that something, which is about women athletes, has just started becoming about Negi." ^[63]

Tokyo Olympics and resurgence

India at the 2020 Summer Olympics for the first time ever, ^[69] reached the semi-final in the Women's Hockey Olympic event but failed to bag any medal after they lost to Argentina ^[70] in the semi-final and then to Great Britain ^[71] in the bronze medal match. Following their performance at the Olympics, the team went to win bronze medals at the 2022 Asia Cup and the Commonwealth Games and a third-place finish in the 2021–22 Pro League. In 2022 India won the first ever FIH Women's Nations Cup. However, they failed to qualify for the Paris Olympics losing to Japan in the bronze medal match at the Olympic Qualifier in Ranchi on 19 January 2024. ^{[72] [73]}

Administration

Indian Hockey Federation (1925-2008)

Main article: Indian Hockey Federation

The Indian Hockey Federation was the administrative body of field hockey in India. Incorporated in 1925, it was under the global jurisdiction of the International Hockey Federation.

The IHF was formed on 7 November 1925 in Gwalior. India was the first non-European team to be a part of the FIH. As a member of the International Hockey Federation, it represented India in all international matches under the former leadership of KPS Gill & the secretary of the federation, K. Jyothikumaran. The women's team was directed by the Indian Women's Hockey Federation.

Prem Nath Sahni, an Indian Administrative Service officer with interest in hockey since his college days, took over stewardship of the Indian Hockey Federation in 1973, at a time when conflicts broke out between its Northern and Southern wings. ^[74] The Indian Hockey scene was marked by excellence until 1973 when Ashwani Kumar, the then president, stepped down. ^[75] India lost its supremacy in the game on the world stage ever since. ^[76] P N Sahni remained the President of the Haryana Olympic Association from 1969 to 1978 ^[77]

New committee (IOA) (2008)

The Indian Olympic Association appointed a new five-member national selection committee. This panel will work in conjunction with the International Hockey Federation in managing field hockey in India. ^[78] The panel was headed by Aslam Sher Khan, a former MP and former hockey captain and includes Ashok Kumar, Ajit Pal Singh, Zafar Iqbal and Dhanraj Pillay. Aslam Sher Khan has now been replaced by Ajit Pal Singh as the chairman of the national selection committee. Aslam Sher Khan was highly displeased by this decision, though he remained as a selector. ^{[79] [80]}

On 30 April 2008, in an interview with India Today , Khan indicated the impact of the 2007 film about the National Women's Hockey Team, Chak De! India , on his future strategy by stating that he wants "to create a 'Chak De' effect" within Indian hockey. ^[81]

Hockey India (2009-present)

Main article: Hockey India

Hockey India plans, directs and conducts all the activities for both men's and women's field hockey in India. It is recognized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India as the sole body responsible towards promoting the sport. ^[82] It was formed after the Indian Hockey Federation was dismissed in 2008. ^[83]

Hockey India was established on 20 May 2009 and is affiliated to the International Hockey Federation (FIH), the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) and the Asian Hockey Federation (AHF).

Hockey India, with the assistance of the Sports Authority of India and Department of Sports, trains players at sub-junior, junior and senior level. The governing body is responsible for training the coaches, as well as educating and equipping technical officials and umpires.

Hockey India launched its own logo in a ceremony on 24 July 2008. It resembles Ashok Chakra of Indian flag. It is made up of hockey sticks. ^[84]

Hockey India manages four squads that represent India in international field hockey: the India men's national field hockey team, the India women's national field hockey team, the India men's national under-21 field hockey team, and the India women's national under-21 field hockey team.

National teams

National teams of India [ check quotation syntax ]
India (Men's)	India (Women's)	U-21 (Men's)	U-21 (Women's)

The India men's national field hockey team is governed by the Hockey India (HI) and is a member of the Asian Hockey Federation (AHF). Since 1926, the BCCI has been affiliated with FIH, the international governing body for world field hockey. In 2011, the Hockey India became the members of the both FIH and AHF.

Performance

The following list includes the performance of all of India's national teams at major competitions.

Men's senior team

Main article: India men's national field hockey team

Indian Hockey team

The Indian Hockey Team is the national men's hockey team of India. It was the first non-European team to be a part of the International Hockey Federation. In 1928, the team won its first Olympic gold medal. From 1928 to 1956, was the golden period for the Indian Hockey team. The Indian men's team remained unbeaten in the Olympics, gaining six gold medals in a row. The Indian team has won a total of eight gold, one silver and three bronze medals in Olympics. ^{[85] [86] [87]}

FIH World Rankings as of 19 December 2024. ^[88]

Rank	Change	Team	Points
3	1	Belgium	3124.21
4	2	Germany	3066.6
5		India	2954.63
6		Australia	2814.32
7		Argentina	2722

Tournament	Appearance in finals	Last appearance	Best performance
Olympics	9 out of 22	2024	Champions (1928, 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1964, 1980)
Men's FIH Hockey World Cup	2 out of 15	2023	Champions (1975)
Men's FIH Pro League	0 out of 4	2023-24	3rd Place (2021-22)
Asian Games	13 out of 17	2022	Champions (1966, 1998, 2014, 2022)
Men's Hockey Asia Cup	8 out of 11	2022	Champions (2003, 2007, 2017)
Men's Asian Champions Trophy	6 out of 8	2024	Champions (2011, 2016, 2018, 2023, 2024 )
Commonwealth Games	3 out of 6	2022	Runners-up (2014, 2010, 2022)
Men's FIH Hockey World League	0 out of 3	2016-17	3rd Place (2014-15, 2016–17)
Hockey Champions Trophy	2 out of 16	2018	Runners-up (2016, 2018)
Men's Hockey Champions Challenge I	2 out of 4	2011	Champions (2001)
Hockey Series	1 out of 1	2018-19	Champions (2018-19)
Afro-Asian Games	1 out of 1	2003	Champions (2003)
Western Asiatic Games	1 out of 1	1934	Champions (1934)
Sultan Azlan Shah Cup	8 out of 22	2019	Champions (1985, 1991, 1995, 2009, 2010)
South Asian Games	4 out of 4	2016	Champions (1995)

Women's senior team

Main article: India women's national field hockey team

The Indian Women's Hockey Team (nicknamed the Nabhvarna) is the national women's team representing hockey in India. It is the national women's team that represents India in international field hockey competitions. ^[89] The team is currently coached by Netherlands' Sjoerd Marinje and led by forward Rani Rampal from Haryana and is currently ranked 9th in the FIH World Rankings. Captain Suraj Lata Devi led the team to the Gold for three consecutive years: during the 2002 Commonwealth Games (the event which inspired the 2007 Shah Rukh Khan film, Chak De India ), the 2003 Afro-Asian Games, and the 2004 Hockey Asia Cup. They were referred to as the "Jassi (Jasjeet) jaisi koi nahi" or "Golden girls of hockey," after winning the 2004 Hockey Asia Cup. ^[90]

FIH Women's World Rankings as of 19 December 2024. ^[91]

Rank	Change	Team	Points
7		England	2471.17
8		Spain	2422.39
9		India	2349.73
10		New Zealand	2124.16
11		Japan	2063.43

Tournament	Appearance in finals	Last appearance	Best performance
Olympics	0 out of 3	2020	4th place (1980, 2020)
Women's FIH Hockey World Cup	0 out of 8	2022	4th place (1974)
Women's FIH Pro League	0 out of 2	2023-24	3rd Place (2021-22)
Asian Games	3 out of 11	2022	Champions (1982)
Women's Hockey Asia Cup	4 out of 9	2022	Champions (2004, 2017)
Women's Asian Champions Trophy	5 out of 7	2024	Champions (2016, 2023, 2024)
Commonwealth Games	2 out of 7	2022	Champions (2002)
Women's FIH Hockey World League	0 out of 3	2016-17	10th place (2014-15)
Women's Hockey Champions Challenge I	0 out of 4	2014	3rd place (2002)
Hockey Series	1 out of 1	2018-19	Champions (2018-19)
Afro-Asian Games	1 out of 1	2003	Champions (2003)
South Asian Games	1 out of 1	2016	Champions (2016)
Women's FIH Hockey Nations Cup	1 out of 1	2022	Champions (2022)

Men's U-21 team

Main article: India men's national under-21 field hockey team

Tournament	Appearance in finals	Last appearance	Best performance
Youth Olympics	1 out of 1	2018	Runners-up (2018)
Men's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup	3 out of 12	2023	Champions (2001, 2016)
Men's Hockey Junior Asia Cup	7 out of 10	2024	Champions (2004, 2008, 2015, 2023, 2024)
Sultan of Johor Cup	7 out of 11	2024	Champions (2013, 2014, 2022)

Women's U-21 team

Main article: India women's national under-21 field hockey team

Tournament	Appearance in finals	Last appearance	Best performance
Youth Olympics	1 out of 1	2018	Runners-up (2018)
Women's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup	0 out of 6	2023	3rd place (2013)
Women's Hockey Junior Asia Cup	3 out of 8	2024	Champions (2023, 2024)

Association history

No.	Association	State/UT	President
1	Manipur Hockey	Manipur	Khoirom loyalakpa
2	Hockey Andaman and Nicobar	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Alphonse Baa
3	Hockey Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh	B M Chanakya Raju
4	Hockey Arunachal	Arunachal Pradesh	Gumjum Haider
5	Assam Hockey	Assam	Keshob Mahanta
6	Hockey Bihar	Bihar	Sharwon Kumar
7	Hockey Chandigarh	Chandigarh	Karan Gilhotra
8	Hockey Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh	Firoz Ansari
9	Dadra & Nagar and Haveli & Daman & Diu Hockey	Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu	Nilpa Bhavesh Manani
10	Hockey Association of Odisha	Odisha	Dr. Dilip Tirkey
11	Delhi Hockey	Delhi	Hitesh Sindwani
12	Goans Hockey	Goa	Costau Xavier Marquis
13	Hockey Gujarat	Gujarat	R.V Shelar
14	Hockey Haryana	Haryana	Jaideep Malik
15	Hockey Himachal	Himachal Pradesh	Sukh Ram Choudhary
16	Hockey Bengal	West Bengal	Swapan Banerjee
17	Hockey Jammu and Kashmir	Jammu and Kashmir	Gurdeep Singh Sangral
18	Hockey Jharkhand	Jharkhand	Bhola Nath Singh
19	Hockey Karnataka	Karnataka	S.VS Subramanya Gupta
20	Hockey Kerala	Kerala	V. Sunilkumar
21	Hockey Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh	Nitin Dhimole
22	Hockey Mizoram	Mizoram	K. Lalthlengliana
23	Hockey Nagaland	Nagaland	ADHOC Committee
24	Le Puducherry Hockey	Puducherry	Dr. E. Kumaressan
25	Hockey Punjab	Punjab	Nitin Kohli
26	Hockey Rajasthan	Rajasthan	Arun Kumar Saraswat
27	Hockey Unit of Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu	Sekar J Manoharan
28	Hockey Telangana	Telangana	Konda Vijay Kumar
29	Tripura Hockey	Tripura	Sudip Roy Barman
30	Uttar Pradesh Hockey	Uttar Pradesh	Rakesh Katyal
31	Hockey Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand	Raghu Bir Singh Rawat
32	Hockey Maharashtra	Maharashtra	Krishna Prakash

Organisation structure

International Field Hockey

International field hockey in India generally does not follow a fixed pattern. Field Hockey in India is managed by the Hockey India (HI).

Men's National Team

Main article: India men's national field hockey team

The India men's national field hockey team represents India in international field hockey competitions, and is governed by Hockey India. The team was formerly under the control of Indian Hockey Federation. India was the first non-European team to be a part of the International Hockey Federation. ^[92] India's hockey team is the most successful team ever in the Olympics, having won a total of eight gold medals – in 1928, 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1964 and 1980.

In 1928, the team won its first Olympic gold medal and until 1960, the Indian men's team remained unbeaten in the Olympics, winning six gold medals in a row. The team had a 30–0 winning streak during this time, from their first game in 1928 until the 1960 gold medal final which they lost. India also won the World Cup in 1975. India also has the best overall performance in Olympic history with 83 victories out of the 134 matches played. They have also scored more goals in the Olympics than any other team. They are also the only team ever to win the Olympics without conceding a single goal, having done so in 1928 and 1956. ^[93]

Women's National Team

Main article: India women's national field hockey team

The Indian women's national field hockey team represents India in international field hockey, and is governed by Hockey India. Nabhvarna are currently ranked 9th in the FIH World Rankings, and are ranked as the second best team in Asia. They have won the gold medals at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and 1982 Asian Games. They have also won the Women's Asia Cup twice, i.e. in 2004 and 2017. They also won the Asian Champions Trophy 2016 and 2023.

Domestic Field Hockey

National Championships

These National Championships are divided into two divisions, to ensure that participating teams are competing in a fair, equal environment, and against teams with similar level of skills.

Below is the list of National Championships that Hockey India conducts every season:

• Hockey India Senior Men National Championship
• Hockey India Senior Women National Championship
• Hockey India Junior Men National Championship
• Hockey India Junior Women National Championship
• Hockey India Sub-Junior Men National Championship
• Hockey India Sub-Junior Women National Championship
• Hockey India 5-a-side National Championship (Women)
• Hockey India 5-a-side National Championship (Men)
• Hockey India 5-a-side National Championship (Mixed)

Leagues

• Hockey India League

Hockey Tournaments

• Beighton Cup
• Senior Nehru Hockey Tournament
• Surjit Memorial Hockey Tournament
• All India MCC Murugappa Gold Cup Hockey Tournament
• All India Obaidullah Khan Gold Cup Hockey Tournament
• Lal Bahadur Shastri Hockey Tournament
• All India Scindia Gold Cup Hockey Tournament
• All India Swami Shradhanand Hockey Tournament
• All India Guru Teg Bahadur Gold Cup Hockey Tournament
• Mahant Raja Sarwesjwardas Memorial All India Tournament
• All India Guru Gobind Singh Gold Cup Hockey Tournament
• All India Trades Cup Hockey Tournament
• All India Police Hockey Championship
• Aga Khan Hockey Tournament
• All India K.D Singh Babu Memorial Invitation Prize Money Hockey Tournament
• Lychettira Hockey Cup/Kodava Hockey Festival
• Bombay Gold Cup
• Liberals All India Hockey Tournament

Stadiums

Further information: List of field hockey venues in India

Name	City	State	Est.	Capacity	Home team	Notes	Image
Birsa Munda International Hockey Stadium	Rourkela	Odisha	2023	21,800	Odisha Hockey Team	Largest all seated hockey stadium in the world. [94]
Aishbagh Stadium	Bhopal	Madhya Pradesh	n/a	10,000	Bhopal Badshahs
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Hockey Stadium	Raipur	Chhattisgarh	2015	4,000		[95] [96] [97]
Anna Stadium	Tiruchirappalli	Tamil Nadu	1970	10,000
Annasaheb Magar PCMC Stadium	Pimpri	Maharashtra	n/a	5,000
Bangalore Hockey Stadium	Bangalore	Karnataka	n/a	7,000
Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium	Ranchi	Jharkhand	n/a	5,000	Ranchi Rays
CAFVD Sports Stadium	Pune	Maharashtra	n/a	4,000
Major Dhyanchand Hockey Stadium	Lucknow	Uttar Pradesh	n/a	10,000	Uttar Pradesh Wizards	[98]
Master Chandgiram Sports Stadium	Saifai, Etawah district	Uttar Pradesh	n/a	12,000
Dr Sampurnanda Stadium	Varanasi	Uttar Pradesh	1964	10,000
Major Dhyan Chand Stadium	Jhansi	Uttar Pradesh	n/a	n/a		Under construction
Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium	New Delhi	Delhi	1933	20,000	Delhi Wave Riders	[99]
Faizabad Sports Complex	Faizabad	Uttar Pradesh	TBA	30,000		Under construction
Gachibowli Hockey Stadium	Hyderabad	Telangana	n/a	8,000
Khuman Lampak Hockey Stadium	Imphal	Manipur	1999	8,000
International Hockey Stadium	Mohali	Punjab	2013	16,000		[100]
International Hockey Stadium	Rajnandgaon	Chhattisgarh	2013	30,000
International Hockey Stadium	Kollam	Kerala	2014	5,000
JRD Tata Sports Complex	Jamshedpur	Jharkhand	1991	40,000
Jaypee Sport City Hockey Stadium	Noida	Uttar Pradesh	TBA	10,000		Under construction
Kalinga Hockey Stadium	Bhubaneswar	Odisha	2010	16,000	Kalinga Lancers	[101]
Biju Patnaik Hockey Stadium	Rourkela	Odisha	2010	25,000
Mahindra Hockey Stadium	Mumbai	Maharashtra	n/a	8,500		[102]
Maulana Md. Tayabullah Hockey Stadium	Guwahati	Assam	2007	2,000
Mayor Radhakrishnan Hockey Stadium	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	n/a	8,670	Chennai Cheetahs
Patliputra Sports Complex	Patna	Bihar	2011	20,000
PCMC Hockey Stadium	Pimpri	Maharashtra	1993	5,000	Pune Strykers
B.R. Yadav International Hockey Stadium	Bilaspur	Chhattisgarh	2019	n/a
Shaheed Bhagat Singh Stadium	Ferozpur	Punjab	1926	10,000
Shilaroo Hockey Stadium	Shilaroo	Himachal Pradesh	2010	n/a		[103]
Shivaji Hockey Stadium	New Delhi	NCR	1964	7,000		[104]
Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex	Pune	Maharashtra	1992	11,900
Chandigarh Hockey Stadium	Chandigarh	Chandigarh	1988	30,000	Chandigarh Comets
Surjit Hockey Stadium	Jalandhar	Punjab	2009	7,000	Punjab Warriors
Vidarbha Hockey Association Stadium	Nagpur	Maharashtra	n/a	5,000		[105]

Hosting history

Competition	Edition	Winner	Final	Runners-up	India's position	Venues	Final venue	Stadium
Men's senior competitions
Men's FIH Hockey World Cup	1982 Men's Hockey World Cup	Pakistan	3 – 1	Germany	5th Place	1 (in 1 city)	BHA Stadium
Asian Games	Field hockey at the 1982 Asian Games	Pakistan	7 – 1	India	Runners-up	1 (in 1 city)	Shivaji Hockey Stadium
Men's Hockey Asia Cup	1989 Men's Hockey Asia Cup	Pakistan	2 – 0	India	Runners-up	1 (in 1 city)	Shivaji Hockey Stadium
South Asian Games	1995 South Asian Games	India		Pakistan	Champion	1 (in 1 city)
South Asian Games	Field hockey at the 2016 South Asian Games	Pakistan	1 – 0	India	Runners-up	1 (in 2 cities)
Hockey Champions Trophy	1996 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy	Netherlands	3 – 2	Pakistan	4th place	1 (in 1 city)	Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium
Afro-Asian Games	Field hockey at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games	India	3 - 1	Pakistan	Champion	1 (in 1 city)	G. M. C. Balayogi Athletic Stadium
Hockey Champions Trophy	2005 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy	Australia	3 – 1	Netherlands	6th place	1 (in 1 city)	Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium
Men's Hockey Asia Cup	2007 Men's Hockey Asia Cup	India	7 – 2	South Korea	Champion	1 (in 1 city)	Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium
Commonwealth Games	Hockey at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament	Australia	8 – 0	India	Runners-up	1 (in 1 city)	Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium
Men's FIH Hockey World Cup	2010 Men's Hockey World Cup	Australia	2 – 1	Germany	8th Place	1 (in 1 city)	Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium
Hockey Champions Trophy	2014 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy	Germany	2 – 0	Pakistan	4th place	1 (in 1 city)	Kalinga Hockey Stadium
Men's FIH Hockey World Cup	2018 Men's Hockey World Cup	Belgium	0 – 0 Penalties 3 – 2	Netherlands	6th Place	1 (in 1 city)	Kalinga Hockey Stadium
Men's FIH Hockey World Cup	2023 Men's Hockey World Cup	Germany	3 – 3 Penalties 5 – 4	Belgium	9th Place	1 (in 2 cities)	Kalinga Hockey Stadium
Men's Asian Champions Trophy	2023 Men's Asian Champions Trophy	India	4 – 3	Malaysia	Champion	1 (in 1 City)	Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium
Men's youth competitions
Men's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup	2013 Men's Hockey Junior World Cup	Germany	5 – 2	France	10th Place	1 (in 1 city)	Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium
Men's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup	2016 Men's Hockey Junior World Cup	India	2 – 1	Belgium	Champion	1 (in 1 city)	Major Dhyan Chand Hockey Stadium, Lucknow
Men's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup	2021 Men's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup	Argentina	4 – 2	Germany	4th Place	1 (in 1 city)	Kalinga Hockey Stadium
Men's Hockey Junior Asia Cup	2008 Men's Hockey Junior Asia Cup	India	3 – 2	South Korea	Champion	1 (in 1 City)
Women's senior competitions
Asian Games	Field hockey at the 1982 Asian Games	India		South Korea	Champion	1 (in 1 city)	Shivaji Hockey Stadium
Women's Hockey Asia Cup	1999 Women's Hockey Asia Cup	South Korea	3 – 2	India	Runners-up	1 (in 1 city)	Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium
Women's Asian Champions Trophy	2004 Women's Hockey Asia Cup	India	1 – 0	Japan	Champion	1 (in 1 City)	Jaipal Singh Stadium
Afro-Asian Games	Field hockey at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games	India	5 - 4	South Africa	Champion	1 (in 1 city)	G. M. C. Balayogi Athletic Stadium
South Asian Games	Field hockey at the 2016 South Asian Games	India	10 – 0	Sri Lanka	Champions	1 (in 2 cities)
Commonwealth Games	Hockey at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's tournament	Australia	2 – 2 Penalties 4 – 2	New Zealand	5th place	1 (in 1 city)	Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium
Women's Asian Champions Trophy	2023 Women's Asian Champions Trophy	India	4 – 0	Japan	Champion	1 (in 1 City)	Jaipal Singh Stadium
Women's Asian Champions Trophy	2024 Women's Asian Champions Trophy	India	1 – 0	China	Champion	1 (in 1 City)	Rajgir Sports Complex Hockey Stadium
Women's youth competitions
Women's Hockey Junior Asia Cup	2004 Women's Hockey Junior Asia Cup	China	3 – 2	South Korea	3rd place	1 (in 1 City)

International performance

Men's team

Summer Olympics

Summer Olympics
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1928	Amsterdam, Netherlands	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	29	0
1932	Los Angeles, USA	Group stage	Champions	2	2	0	0	35	2
1936	Berlin, Germany	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	38	1
1948	London, UK	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	25	2
1952	Helsinki, Finland	Final	Champions	3	3	0	0	13	2
1956	Melbourne, Australia	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	38	0
1960	Rome, Italy	Final	Runners-up	6	5	0	1	19	2
1964	Tokyo, Japan	Final	Champions	9	7	2	0	22	5
1968	Mexico City, Mexico	Semi-finals	Third place	9	7	0	2	23	7
1972	Munich, West Germany	Semi-finals	Third place	9	6	2	1	27	11
1976	Montreal, Canada	Group stage	7th place	8	4	1	3	17	13
1980	Moscow, USSR	Final	Champions	6	4	2	0	43	9
1984	Los Angeles, USA	Group stage	5th place	7	5	1	1	20	11
1988	Seoul, South Korea	Group stage	6th place	7	2	2	3	16	15
1992	Barcelona, Spain	Group stage	7th place	7	3	0	4	7	12
1996	Atlanta, USA	Group stage	8th place	7	2	3	2	14	10
2000	Sydney, Australia	Group stage	7th place	7	3	2	2	13	10
2004	Athens, Greece	Group stage	7th place	7	2	1	4	16	18
2008	Beijing, China	Did not qualify
2012	London, UK	Group stage	12th place	6	0	0	6	8	21
2016	Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	Quarter-finals	8th place	6	2	1	3	10	12
2020	Tokyo, Japan	Semi-finals	Third place	8	6	0	2	25	23
2024	Paris, France	Semi-finals	Third place	8	4	2	2	15	12
	Total		8 Titles	142	87	19	36	473	198

World Cup

[[Men's FIH Hockey World Cup|World Cup]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1971	Barcelona, Spain	Semi-finals	Third place	6	5	0	1	8	3
1973	Amstelveen, Netherlands	Final	Runners-up	7	4	3	0	15	3
1975	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Final	Champions	7	5	1	1	19	8
1978	Buenos Aires, Argentina	Group stage	6th place	8	4	1	3	11	16
1982	Bombay, India	Group stage	5th place	7	5	0	2	29	15
1986	London, England	Group stage	12th place	7	1	1	5	8	16
1990	Lahore, Pakistan	Group stage	10th place	7	1	1	5	12	18
1994	Sydney, Australia	Group stage	5th place	7	3	2	2	14	12
1998	Utrecht, Netherlands	Group stage	9th place	7	3	0	4	13	19
2002	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Group stage	10th place	9	3	1	5	22	17
2006	Mönchengladbach, Germany	Group stage	11th place	7	1	1	5	10	18
2010	New Delhi, India	Group stage	8th place	6	1	1	4	15	21
2014	The Hague, Netherlands	Group stage	9th place	6	2	1	3	10	12
2018	Bhubaneswar, India	Quarter-finals	6th place	4	2	1	1	13	5
2023	Bhubaneswar & Rourkela, India	Cross-overs	9th place	6	4	2	0	22	7
	Total		1 Title	101	44	16	41	221	190

Asian Games

[[Field hockey at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1958	Tokyo, Japan	Group stage	Runners-up	4	3	1	0	16	1
1962	Jakarta, Indonesia	Final	Runners-up	5	4	0	1	19	2
1966	Bangkok, Thailand	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	13	0
1970	Bangkok, Thailand	Final	Runners-up	5	4	0	1	16	1
1974	Tehran, Iran	Group stage	Runners-up	6	4	1	1	25	3
1978	Bangkok, Thailand	Final	Runners-up	5	4	0	1	18	5
1982	New Delhi, India	Final	Runners-up	6	5	0	1	45	10
1986	Seoul, South Korea	Semi-finals	Third place	6	4	1	1	30	6
1990	Beijing, China	Final	Runners-up	6	5	0	1	22	3
1994	Hiroshima, Japan	Final	Runners-up	5	4	0	1	10	4
1998	Bangkok, Thailand	Final	Champions	6	5	1	0	24	4
2002	Busan, South Korea	Final	Runners-up	5	3	1	1	16	9
2006	Doha, Qatar	Group stage	5th place	6	4	1	1	34	5
2010	Guangzhou, China	Semi-finals	Third place	6	5	0	1	26	8
2014	Incheon, South Korea	Final	Champions	6	4	1	1	20	3
2018	Jakarta, Indonesia	Semi-finals	Third place	7	6	1	0	80	6
2022	Hangzhou, China	Final	Champions	7	7	0	0	68	9
	Total		4 Titles	96	76	8	12	477	79

Asia Cup

[[Men's Hockey Asia Cup|Asia Cup]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1982	Karachi, Pakistan	Group stage	Runners-up	6	5	0	1	40	4
1985	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Final	Runners-up	6	5	0	1	33	7
1989	New Delhi, India	Final	Runners-up	5	4	0	1	15	2
1994	Hiroshima, Japan	Final	Runners-up	6	3	2	1	15	7
1999	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Semi-finals	Third place	5	3	1	1	17	9
2003	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Final	Champions	5	4	0	1	25	9
2007	Chennai, India	Final	Champions	7	7	0	0	57	5
2009	Kuantan, Malaysia	Group stage	5th place	4	2	1	1	20	7
2013	Ipoh, Malaysia	Final	Runners-up	5	4	0	1	24	5
2017	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Final	Champions	7	6	1	0	28	6
2022	Jakarta, Indonesia	Second round	Third place	7	3	3	1	29	14
	Total		3 Titles	63	46	8	9	303	75

Asian Champions Trophy

[[Men's Asian Champions Trophy|Asian Champions Trophy]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2011	Ordos, China	Final	Champions	6	2	4	0	15	8
2012	Doha, Qatar	Final	Runners-up	6	4	0	2	27	12
2013	Kakamigahara, Japan	Group stage	5th place	6	3	0	3	18	13
2016	Kuantan, Malaysia	Final	Champions	7	5	2	0	30	10
2018	Muscat, Oman	Final	Champions	6	5	1	0	30	4
2021	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Semi-finals	Third place	6	4	1	1	27	11
2023	Chennai, India	Final	Champions	7	6	1	0	29	8
2024	Hulunbuir, China	Final	Champions	7	7	0	0	26	5
	Total		5 Titles	51	36	9	6	202	71

Commonwealth Games

[[Hockey at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1998	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Semi-finals	Fourth place	7	4	1	2	22	12
2006	Melbourne, Australia	Group stage	6th place	5	2	1	2	15	8
2010	New Delhi, India	Final	Runners-up	6	3	1	2	19	22
2014	Glasgow, Scotland	Final	Runners-up	6	4	0	2	19	15
2018	Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia	Semi-finals	Fourth place	6	3	1	2	15	14
2022	Birmingham, England	Final	Runners-up	6	4	1	1	30	14
	Total		Runners-up	36	20	5	11	120	85

Pro League

[[Men's FIH Pro League|Pro League]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2020–21	N/A	Group stage	Fourth place	8	3	3	2	22	17
2021–22	N/A	Group stage	Third place	16	8	4	4	62	40
2022–23	N/A	Group stage	Fourth place	16	8	3	5	51	42
2023–24	N/A	Group stage	Seventh place	16	5	6	5	38	35
Total			Third place	56	24	16	16	173	134

Other tournaments

Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

[[Sultan Azlan Shah Cup|Sultan Azlan Shah Cup]]
Year	Host	Position
1983	Malaysia	Third place
1985	Malaysia	Champions
1991	Malaysia	Champions
1995	Malaysia	Champions
2000	Malaysia	Third place
2001	Malaysia	5th place
2004	Malaysia	7th place
2005	Malaysia	5th place
2006	Malaysia	Third place
2007	Malaysia	Third place
2008	Malaysia	Runners-up
2009	Malaysia	Champions
2010	Malaysia	Champions
2011	Malaysia	6th place
2012	Malaysia	Third place
2013	Malaysia	5th place
2015	Malaysia	Third place
2016	Malaysia	Runners-up
2017	Malaysia	Third place
2018	Malaysia	5th place
2019	Malaysia	Runners-up
	Total	5 Titles

South Asian Games

[[Field hockey at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]]
Year	Host	Position
1995	Madras, India	Champions
2006	Colombo, Sri Lanka	Runners-up
2010	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Runners-up
2016	Guwahati, India	Runners-up
	Total	1 Title

Defunct competitions

World League

[[Men's FIH Hockey World League|Hockey World League]]
Year	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2012–13	6th place	15	6	4	5	59	37
2014–15	Third place	13	4	3	6	23	35
2016–17	Third place	13	5	2	6	33	23
Total	Third place	41	15	9	17	115	95

Champions Trophy

[[Hockey Champions Trophy|Champions Trophy]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1980	Karachi, Pakistan	Group stage	5th place	6	1	2	3	17	24
1982	Amstelveen, Netherlands	Group stage	Third place	5	3	0	2	16	20
1983	Karachi, Pakistan	Group stage	Fourth place	5	2	1	2	8	9
1985	Perth, Australia	Group stage	6th place	5	1	1	3	9	15
1986	Karachi, Pakistan	Group stage	5th place	5	2	0	3	6	10
1989	Berlin, West Germany	Group stage	6th place	5	1	0	4	7	12
1995	Berlin, Germany	Group stage	5th place	6	0	3	3	7	13
1996	Madras, India	Group stage	Fourth place	6	2	1	3	10	12
2002	Cologne, Germany	Group stage	Fourth place	6	2	1	3	16	18
2003	Amstelveen, Netherlands	Group stage	Fourth place	6	2	0	4	19	22
2004	Lahore, Pakistan	Group stage	Fourth Place	6	1	1	4	11	16
2005	Chennai, India	Group stage	6th place	6	1	0	5	9	15
2012	Melbourne, Australia	Semi-finals	Fourth place	6	3	0	3	12	12
2014	Bhubaneswar, India	Semi-finals	Fourth place	6	2	0	4	13	15
2016	London, UK	Final	Runners-up	6	2	2	2	10	11
2018	Breda, Netherlands	Final	Runners-up	6	2	3	1	11	7
	Total		Runners-up	91	27	15	49	181	231

Champions Challenge

[[Men's Hockey Champions Challenge I|Champions Challenge]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2001	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Final	Champions	6	4	1	1	11	6
2007	Boom, Belgium	Semi-finals	Third place	6	4	0	2	16	13
2009	Salta, Argentina	Semi-finals	Third place	5	3	1	1	16	13
2011	Johannesburg, South Africa	Final	Runners-up	6	4	1	1	29	17
	Total		1 Title	23	15	3	5	72	49

Hockey Series

[[2018–19 Men's FIH Series Finals|Hockey Series]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2018–19	Bhubaneshwar, India	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	35	4
	Total		1 Title	5	5	0	0	35	4

Afro-Asian Games

[[Field hockey at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games|Afro-Asian Games]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2003	Hyderabad, India	Final	Champions	5	5	0	0	23	11
	Total		1 Title	5	5	0	0	23	11

Western Asiatic Games

[[Western Asiatic Games|Western Asiatic Games]]
Year	Host	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1934	Delhi, India	Final	Champions	1	1	0	0	5	0
	Total		1 Title	1	1	0	0	5	0

Women's tournaments

Summer Olympics

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1980	Moscow, USSR	4th	5	2	1	2	9	6
1984	Los Angeles, United States	Did not participate
1988	Seoul, South Korea
1992	Barcelona, Spain
1996	Atlanta, United States
2000	Sydney, Australia	Did not qualify
2004	Athens, Greece
2008	Beijing, China
2012	London, Great Britain
2016	Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	12th	5	0	1	4	3	19
2020	Tokyo, Japan	4th	8	3	0	5	12	20
2024	Paris, France	Did not qualify
	Total	4th place	18	5	2	11	24	45

World Cup

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1974	Mandelieu, France	4th	6	3	0	3	8	6
1976	West Berlin, West Germany	Did not participate
1978	Madrid, Spain	7th	6	2	1	3	5	10
1981	Buenos Aires, Argentina	Did not participate
1983	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	11th	7	1	1	5	6	10
1986	Amstelveen, Netherlands	Did not qualify
1990	Sydney, Australia
1994	Dublin, Ireland
1998	Utrecht, Netherlands	12th	7	0	0	7	9	23
2002	Perth, Australia	Did not qualify
2006	Madrid, Spain	11th	7	1	1	5	9	15
2010	Rosario, Argentina	9th	6	2	0	4	11	23
2014	The Hague, Netherlands	Did not qualify
2018	London, England	8th	5	1	3	1	5	3
2022	Amstelveen, Netherlands Valencia, Spain	9th	6	1	3	2	9	8
	Total	4th place	50	11	9	30	62	98

Commonwealth Games

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1998	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	4th	7	3	1	3	19	13
2002	Manchester, England		6	4	1	1	12	10
2006	Melbourne, Australia		6	3	1	2	19	8
2010	New Delhi, India	5th	5	3	1	1	15	4
2014	Glasgow, Scotland	5th	5	3	0	2	22	9
2018	Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia	4th	6	3	0	3	9	12
2022	Birmingham, England		6	3	2	1	14	8
	Total	1 Title	41	22	6	13	110	64

Asian Games

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1982	New Delhi, India		5	5	0	0	37	1
1986	Seoul, South Korea		5	3	1	1	17	5
1990	Beijing, China	4th	5	2	0	3	8	10
1994	Hiroshima, Japan	4th	5	1	2	2	9	6
1998	Bangkok, Thailand		7	4	1	2	24	11
2002	Busan, South Korea	4th	4	0	0	4	2	12
2006	Doha, Qatar		7	4	0	3	22	10
2010	Guangzhou, China	4th	7	3	0	4	24	7
2014	Incheon, South Korea		5	3	0	2	13	7
2018	Jakarta, Indonesia		6	5	0	1	40	3
2022	Hangzhou, China		6	4	1	1	35	6
	Total	1 Title	62	34	5	23	231	78

Asia Cup

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1985	Seoul, South Korea	Did not participate
1989	Hong Kong	4th	4	1	0	3	4	11
1993	Hiroshima, Japan		4	2	1	1	8	4
1999	New Delhi, India		6	3	2	1	24	7
2004	New Delhi, India		5	4	1	0	19	3
2007	Hong Kong	4th	6	3	0	3	44	13
2009	Bangkok, Thailand		6	3	2	1	36	9
2013	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia		5	2	1	2	18	5
2017	Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan		6	5	1	0	28	5
2022	Muscat, Oman		5	3	0	2	22	6
	Total	2 Titles	47	26	8	13	203	63

Asian Champions Trophy

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2010	Busan, South Korea		4	1	0	3	8	15
2011	Ordos, China	4th	4	0	0	4	3	16
2013	Kakamigahara, Japan		4	2	0	2	10	6
2016	Singapore		5	3	1	1	10	7
2018	Donghae City, South Korea		5	3	1	1	11	6
2021	Donghae City, South Korea	Withdrew
2023	Ranchi, India		7	7	0	0	27	3
2024	Rajgir, India		7	7	0	0	29	2
	Total	3 Titles	36	23	2	11	98	55

FIH Pro League

Year	Final Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2021–22	N/A		14	6	4	4	33	26
2023–24	N/A	8th	16	2	1	13	16	38
Total		Third place	30	8	5	17	49	64

FIH Hockey Nations Cup

Year	Final Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2022	Valencia, Spain		5	4	1	0	9	3
	Total	1 Title	5	4	1	0	9	3

Other tournaments

South Asian Games

Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2016	Guwahati, India		3	3	0	0	46	1
	Total	1 Title	3	3	0	0	46	1

Defunct tournaments

World League

No.	Year	Final Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1	2012–13	San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina	14th	11	5	2	4	29	30
2	2014–15	Rosario, Argentina	10th	13	8	1	4	46	20
3	2016–17	Auckland, New Zealand	16th	11	3	3	5	12	18
	Total			35	16	6	13	87	68

Champions Challenge

No.	Year	Final Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1	2002	Johannesburg, South Africa		5	2	2	1	10	9
2	2011	Dublin, Ireland	7th	6	2	1	3	11	8
3	2012	Dublin, Ireland	7th	6	2	1	3	13	15
4	2014	Glasgow, Scotland	8th	6	0	0	6	7	22
	Total		Third place	23	6	4	13	41	54

Hockey Series

Year	Final Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2018–19	Hiroshima, Japan		5	5	0	0	27	4
	Total	1 Title	5	5	0	0	27	4

Afro-Asian Games

Year	Final Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
2003	Hyderabad, India		5	4	0	1	26	7
	Total	1 Title	5	4	0	1	26	7

Top goal scorers for India at Olympics by year

Position	Player	Goals	Year
1	Dhyan Chand	14	1928
2	Roop Singh Bais	13	1932
3	Dhyan Chand	11	1936
4	Balbir Singh Sr. Patrick Jansen	8	1948
5	Balbir Singh Sr.	9	1952
6	Udham Singh	15	1956
7	Raghbir Singh Bhola	6	1960
8	Prithipal Singh	11	1964
9	Prithipal Singh	7	1968
9	Mukhbain Singh	9	1972
10	Surjit Singh Randhawa	4	1976
11	Surinder Singh Sodhi	15	1980
12	Mervyn Fernandis |Vineet Sharma	6	1984
13	Mohinder Pal Singh	5	1988
14	Mukesh Kumar	3	1992
15	Ramandeep Singh Gavin Ferreira	3	1996
16	Baljit Singh Dhillon Dilip Tirkey	3	2000
17	Gagan Ajit Singh	7	2004
18	Sandeep Singh |Dharamvir Singh	2	2012
19	Rupinder Pal Singh	3	2016
20	Harmanpreet Singh	6	2020
21	Harmanpreet Singh	10	2024

Broadcast history

Domestic competitions

Domestic franchise Field Hockey

List of current broadcasters:

Event		Period	Television Rights		Streaming Rights
			Conglomerate	Network	Conglomerate	Platform
Hockey India League		TBD

International competitions

List of current broadcasters:

Event		Period	Television Rights		Streaming Rights
			Conglomerate	Network	Conglomerate	Platform
International Hockey Federation		2023–2027 [106]	Viacom18	Sports18	Viacom18	JioCinema
Men's Hockey Asia Cup		2022 [107]	Disney Star	Star Sports	Disney Star	Disney+ Hotstar
Women's Hockey Asia Cup		None
Men's Asian Champions Trophy		2023 [108]	Disney Star	Star Sports	Disney Star	Disney+ Hotstar
Women's Asian Champions Trophy		2023 [109]	Culver Max Entertainment	Sony Sports Network	Culver Max Entertainment	SonyLIV

See also

• India portal

• List of Indian hockey captains in Olympics
• List of National Sports Award recipients in field hockey
• Indian Hockey Federation
• Hockey India ^[110]

References

1. "Notify hockey as national game: Odisha CM Naveen Patnaik requests Narendra Modi". Deccan Chronicle. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
2. "Odisha to sponsor Indian hockey teams for next five years". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
3. "Hockey is not our national game: Ministry - Times of India". The Times of India. 2 August 2012. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
4. "Reliving Indian hockey's glory days: On this day in 1928, India won its first Olympic gold". The News Minute. 26 May 2017. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
5. "1932 Olympics games: India's dominance continues". The Hindu . 7 July 2012. Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
6. "Barefoot and without a tooth, Dhyan Chand's magic took centrestage at Berlin 1936". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
7. Roos, Dave. "When World Events Disrupted the Olympics". HISTORY. Archived from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
8. "For independent India, how hockey made a new beginning at 1948 London Olympics". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
9. "1948 olympics games: 'Success that day tasted the best': 72nd anniversary of independent India's first Olympic gold | Hockey News–Times of India". The Times of India . 12 August 2020. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
10. "When the Helsinki sun shone brightly on Indian hockey team at 1952 Olympics". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
11. "Melbourne 1956: Indian hockey's record breakers earn sixth Olympic gold". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
12. Ghosh, Rajarshi (19 September 2014). "India's glorious past in Asian Games Hockey (1958–2010)". sportskeeda.com. Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
13. "1960 Olympics: Pakistan ends India's dominance". The Hindu . 12 July 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
14. "ShieldSquare Captcha". validate.perfdrive.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
15. "Mexico 1968 Olympics: Two captains hurt rhythm, Indian hockey team gets bronze". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
16. "Munich 1972 Olympics: Indian hockey team returns with second straight bronze". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
17. "1971 Mens World Cup" . Retrieved 30 March 2024.
18. "1973: We had the best ever combination". 23 November 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
19. "On This Day: Indian hockey team beats Pakistan to lift 1975 World Cup". Sportstar. 15 March 2020. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
20. "When the Indian hockey team regained its lost glory at 1980 Moscow Olympics". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
21. Merchant, Minhaz. "The untold story of how India lost hockey supremacy". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 22 December 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
22. "Bombay Hockey World Cup 1982". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
23. "1982 Hockey Asia Cup". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
24. "All-time Sultan Azlan Shah Hockey Cup Past Winners List". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
25. "1994 Men's Hockey Asia Cup". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
26. "32 years after..." 15 August 2018. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
27. "Indian Hockey's dream run at the 1998 Bangkok Asian Games". 14 September 2014. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
28. "5th Men's Asia Cup" . Retrieved 29 March 2024.
29. "A historic victory". 23 October 2003. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
30. "India outlast Pakistan to grab gold". November 2003. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
31. "India beat Korea 7–2, retain Asia Cup". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
32. "Is Indian hockey on an upswing?". BBC News. 28 February 2012. Archived from the original on 29 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
33. "Hockey Hockey – Men Delhi 2010". Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
34. "India men claim Asian Champions Trophy". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
35. "London 2012: Indian media attack 'national shame' of hockey defeat". The Guardian. 8 August 2012. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
36. "Indian hockey team finishes last at Olympics". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
37. "2012 Men's Asian Champions Trophy". Archived from the original on 8 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
38. "SV Sunil's Greatest Game: India's heart-stopping final versus Pakistan at 2014 Asian Games". Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
39. "Indian hockey team win gold at Incheon, qualify for Rio Olympics". The Hindu. 2 October 2014. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
40. "Indian Hockey Team Recall Gold Medal Win in 2014 Asian Games". 15 August 2018. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
41. "Asian Games: India win men's hockey gold after 16 yrs". The Times of India. 2 October 2014. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
42. "Asian Games 2014: Gold medal winning Indian Men's Hockey team return home". Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
43. "Asian Games 2014: Indian Hockey Team Returns Home to Heroes' Welcome". Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
44. "Hero Asia Cup 2017". Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
45. "Hockey Asia Cup 2017: India edge past gutsy Malaysia to clinch third title, end decade-long wait". 22 October 2017. Archived from the original on 8 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
46. "Asian Games 2018: India beat Pakistan 2-1, win consolation bronze in men's hockey". September 2018. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
47. "Men's Hockey World Cup 2018, India vs Netherlands: India lose 1-2 to Netherlands in quarterfinals". The Times of India . 13 December 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
48. Olympics: India win bronze medal in Tokyo, first Olympic medal in hockey since 1980 Archived 24 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine Hindustan Times. Retrieved 5 August 2021
49. "India vs Germany Hockey, Olympics 2021 Live: India win historic men's hockey bronze, beat Germany 5–4". The Times of India . 5 August 2021. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
50. "Asian Games 2023, Highlights Day 13: India reclaim gold in men's hockey, Satwik-Chirag enter final" . Retrieved 26 November 2023.
51. "2002 Manchester: The XVII Commonwealth Games". 2002 Manchester: The XVII Commonwealth Games. 2002. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
52. Pandey, Vineeta (15 February 2004). "Indian Sportswomen: Still the Second Sex". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
53. "India clinches bronze in Asia Cup hockey". The Hindu . 27 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 February 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
54. PTI (1 October 2014). "Indian women's hockey team wins Asiad bronze". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
55. PTI (6 July 2015). "On the verge of Olympic qualification, Indian women's hockey team arrive to grand welcome". Firstpost . Archived from the original on 22 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
56. Bhagvatula, Shrikant (29 August 2015). "Chak De: Indian women's hockey team qualifies for Rio Olympics". Hindustan Times . Archived from the original on 29 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
57. "Chak De Moment For India". India Today . 29 August 2015. Archived from the original on 18 February 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
58. Bose, Adrija (29 August 2015). "India Women's Hockey Team Bags Historic 2016 Rio Olympic Berth After 36 Years". Huffington Post India. Archived from the original on 30 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
59. "Indian women stun Kiwis". BBC. 1 August 2002. Archived from the original on 27 January 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
60. "India deny England gold". BBC. 3 August 2002. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
61. "Indian eves win Commonwealth hockey gold". Rediff.com. 3 August 2002. Archived from the original on 17 January 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
62. Zanane, Anant; Das, Suprita (13 March 2008). "Women's hockey hopes to deliver". Sports. NDTV. Archived from the original on 30 January 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2008.
63. "Chak De: The real Kabir Khan?". Sports. NDTV. 31 October 2007. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
64. "Back to the goal post". The Hindu . 10 August 2007. Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2008.
65. Shrikant, B (26 June 2007). "More than reel life; the story of truth, lies & a man called Mir". Hindustan Times . Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2008.
66. "They said I'd taken one lakh per goal ... people used to introduce me as Mr Negi of those seven goals". The Indian Express . 16 September 2007. Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2008.
67. Kumar, Anuj (7 September 2007). "In the company of ideas". The Hindu . Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2008.
68. Roy, Abhishek (18 August 2007). "Chak De! is not a documentary of my life". Hindustan Times/IANS . Retrieved 21 August 2015.^{[ permanent dead link ‍]}
69. "Tokyo Olympics 2021 Live: India vs Australia women's hockey quarterfinal underway". The Times of India. 2 August 2021. Archived from the original on 2 August 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
70. Livemint (4 August 2021). "Tokyo Olympics: India women lose hockey semi-final 1–2 to Argentina". mint. Archived from the original on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
71. "Tokyo Olympics 2020: Indian women's hockey team lose 3–4 to Great Britain in Bronze-medal match". The Economic Times. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
72. "Hurting, shocking: Legends react after Indian women's hockey team fails to grab Paris berth". The Times of India. 19 January 2024. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 21 January 2024.
73. "Olympic heartbreak in Ranchi as India go down to Japan". Hindustan Times. 19 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
74. Majumdar, Boria; Mehta, Nalin (2009). India and The Olympics. Routledge.
75. Majumdar, Boria; Collins, Sandra (2013). Olympism: The Global Vision: From Nationalism to Internationalism. Routledge.
76. Mehta, Nalin (3 July 2012). "Un-sporting fights". Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
77. http://olympicharyana.in/president-secretary/ ^{[ bare URL ]}
78. canadianpress.google.com ^{[ dead link ‍]}
79. "United we'll stand: Aslam Sher Khan". Sify . 29 April 2008. Archived from the original on 13 August 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
80. sports.in.msn.com Archived 11 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
81. "I want to establish a club culture in Indian hockey: Aslam Sher Khan". India Today. 30 April 2008. Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2008.
82. "Hockey India Gets Recognition". Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
83. "Indian Hockey Federation suspended after bribery scandal". Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
84. "Hockey India League Logo Launch". 28 September 2012. Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
85. "Olympics count: India highest among all nations with 8 gold medals in hockey". Free Press Journal. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
86. "Indian hockey men at the Olympics: A gold-laden history". Olympic Channel. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
87. Service, Tribune News. "When India ruled world hockey". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
88. "FIH Outdoor World Hockey Rankings". FIH. 19 December 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
89. "Hockey India". Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
90. Pandey, Vineeta (15 February 2004). "Indian sportswomen: Still the second sex". The Times of India (timesofindia.indiatimes.com). Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
91. "FIH Outdoor World Hockey Rankings". FIH. 19 December 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
92. "Hockey India". Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
93. "Indian field hockey records". Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
94. Panda, Sudeshna (29 January 2023). "WATCH: Birsa Munda Stadium enters Guinness World Records for largest hockey stadium". KalingaTV. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
95. New hockey stadium inaugurated in Raipur
96. New International Hockey Stadium Inaugurated In Raipur, Chhattisgarh
97. Chhattisgarh to host men's Hockey World League Final
98. Dhyan Chand Astroturf Stadium
99. Dhyan Chand National Stadium
100. International Hockey Stadium
101. Kalinga Stadium
102. Mahindra Hockey Stadium
103. shimlaonline
104. 2010 Commonwealth Hockey Stadium
105. Vidarbha Hockey Association Stadium
106. "Viacom18 secures rights in India to FIH hockey events until 2027". SportsPro. 10 January 2024.
107. "Live Streaming Of Asia Cup Men's Hockey 2022". outlookindia.com. 27 April 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
108. "Hero Asian Champions Trophy 2023 Live Streaming: Where and How to Watch Hockey Tournament?". mykhel.com. 1 August 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
109. "Women's Asian Champions Trophy 2023 Live Streaming: When And Where To Watch - Full Schedule, Dates, Time". Outlook India. 20 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
110. Martin, Jack (15 February 2024). "What is Hockey? – History, Rules and Regulations". Sports Quiz.

Further reading

• Mills, Megan S. (2001). "A most remarkable community: Anglo-Indian contributions to sport in India". Contemporary South Asia. 10 (2). Routledge: 223–236. doi: 10.1080/09584930120083828 . S2CID   145742265. (Published online: "Routledge Contemporary South Asia"; 1 July 2010).
• Roy, Mohit (31 January 2023). "আমরা হকিতেও ছিলাম, পেট্রোরসায়ন শিল্পেও ছিলাম — সবই এখন অতীত" [We were in hockey, we were in the petrochemical industry — all in the past]. anandabazar.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: Anandabazar Patrika. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
• "Chronology of Important Sports Events — West Bengal". wbsportsandyouth.gov.in. Kolkata: Government of West Bengal – Department of youth services and sports. 2017. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

External links

• Hockey India Official Website
• Everything About Indian Hockey
• Indian Field Hockey Website
• Indian Hockey Website
• FIH's warning forced IOA to act: Ashok Kumar
• Bhartiya Hockey Website
• India's road to London Olympics: Six matches, six wins and a billion smiles