Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory

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Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory
Long Point Harbour, Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory 20170416 1.jpg
Canada Southern Ontario location map 2.png
Red pog.svg
Location of the Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory
LocationEastern Ontario, Canada
Nearest city Picton
Coordinates 43°56′00″N76°51′30″W / 43.9333°N 76.8583°W / 43.9333; -76.8583
Area560 ha (1,400 acres) (Prince Edward Point National Wildlife Area)
Established1995 (observatory)
1978 (National Wildlife Area)
The Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory main building Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory.JPG
The Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory main building

The Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory is a bird observatory located in the Prince Edward Point National Wildlife Area, located on Prince Edward Point in the south-east corner of Prince Edward County, Ontario, Canada. [1] The National Wildlife Area was established in 1978 covering 560 hectares. [2] The observatory was established in 1995 to monitor bird migrations across the point, continuing the work of the Kingston Field Naturalists who performed similar work in the 1970s and 1980s. [3] The observatory was designated a Globally Important Birding Area in 1998 by the Canadian Nature Federation and Bird Studies Canada. It is also an International Monarch Butterfly Reserve.

Contents

Role

The observatory's purpose is to observe the migratory bird populations. It does so through a combination of bird banding, daily censuses and observations. [1]

Funding for these activities comes from a variety of sources. In 2002, the Ontario Trillium Foundation awarded the observatory $150,000 to renovate the research station, stabilize the bird banding operations and develop outreach activities. [4] Smaller grants have included a $5,000 donation from the George Cedric Metcalfe Foundation for a modern bird banding facility and a $7,000 grant from the Helen McCrea Peacock Foundation to construct blinds and observation platforms.

Ecology

Scrublands like this are common around the observatory Prince Edward County Bird Observatory Scrubland.JPG
Scrublands like this are common around the observatory

Prince Edward Point extends about 10 kilometers into Lake Ontario. Off the edges of the point there are both shoals and deeper waters. The point itself is limestone bedrock with a thin covering of unconsolidated Farmington loam topsoil. [5] [6]

The point features an interior with primarily grassland and scrubland. [7] Also present are small amounts of wooded swamps, shrub-lined ponds, mixed forests and alvars. Both sandy and rocky shores are found along the south beaches of the point, while the north beaches are prominent limestone cliffs. Some of the key species in the ecosystem of the point include fringed gentian, viper's bugloss, butterfly weed, jewelweed, black-eyed susan and small yellow lady's slipper. Rare vascular plants found on Prince Edward Point include Ontario aster, downy wood mint and clammyweed.

Prince Edward Point is a concentration point of bird migrations over the Great Lakes. Over 300 species of birds have been recorded at Prince Edward Point. [2] Most of these birds are recorded in migration, however 74 species of bird have been recorded nesting on the point. [3]

Bird species coverage

The site experiences heavy bird migration. Single-day totals of greater scaup, long-tailed duck, and white-winged scoters have exceeded 1% of their total North American populations. Single-day totals of common birds exceed 10,000 individuals for species like tree swallows, long-tailed ducks, and yellow-rumped warblers. The single-day count of dark-eyed juncos has exceeded 70,000 birds. [5]

This table contains the spring bird counts, averaged over 19951999. The priority of various species depends on how well their breeding grounds are covered by surveys such as the Breeding Bird Survey, with birds whose breeding grounds are well surveyed being of lesser priority. The Mean DET is the daily estimated total number of birds migrating across Prince Edward Point, and the Mean Band is the number of birds banded in the season. This table includes only species with at least ten individuals counted per season, across not less than five days.

Table of species

SpeciesPriorityMean DETMean Band
Alder flycatcher A230
Blackpoll warbler A324.6
Lincoln's sparrow A5826.4
Magnolia warbler A185119.8
Savannah sparrow A240.8
Swainson's thrush A4832.8
Tennessee warbler A124.4
Wilson's warbler A2114.2
Yellow-bellied flycatcher A226.8
Yellow-bellied sapsucker A172.8
American tree sparrow B103.4
Fox sparrow B112.6
Myrtle warbler B4244224.4
Ruby-crowned kinglet B553243
Rusty blackbird B1690.6
Swamp sparrow B4525.2
Dark-eyed junco B580115.4
Western palm warbler B256.6
White-crowned sparrow B10747.8
White-throated sparrow B514177.4
American redstart C11847
Barn swallow C3228
Black-and-white warbler C3821
Black-throated green warbler C12425.4
Blue-headed vireo C155.2
Canada warbler C2212.2
Chipping sparrow C26459.4
Clay-colored sparrow C330
Cliff swallow C11799.8
Common yellowthroat C17848
Eastern kingbird C501.6
Least flycatcher C6025.8
Ovenbird C4125
Red-eyed vireo C5115.4
Tree swallow C7121.2
Warbling vireo C153.4
Yellow warbler C46375
American crow D1720.2
American robin D77539.8
Belted kingfisher D230
Black-capped chickadee D11915.4
Brown creeper D9844.2
Cedar waxwing D2258.4
Common grackle D64237
Downy woodpecker D412.6
Eastern phoebe D676.8
European starling D4470.8
Golden-crowned kinglet D64386
Hairy woodpecker D252.2
Hermit thrush D13468
Northern flicker D1588.6
Purple finch D2022.4
Red-winged blackbird D68131.6
Song sparrow D67753.6
Winter wren D3513
Baltimore oriole E16118
Black-throated blue warbler E5520.6
Blackburnian warbler E319.8
Blue-grey gnatcatcher E261
Bobolink E660.4
Chestnut-sided warbler E3823.4
Eastern wood-pewee E314.6
Grey catbird E25757.8
Great crested flycatcher E505
House wren E6616.4
Indigo bunting E134.4
Nashville warbler E11245.2
Northern rough-winged swallow E911
Rose-breasted grosbeak E10229.2
Ruby-throated hummingbird E500
Scarlet tanager E244.2
Veery E2816.6
Wood thrush E2613.4
American goldfinch F58868.8
Blue jay F291166.4
Brown thrasher F566.4
Brown-headed cowbird F1184154.6
Eastern meadowlark F410
Eastern towhee F233.8
Field sparrow F879.4
House finch F8715.8
Mourning dove F1403.6

References

  1. 1 2 Terry Spraque (March 25, 2007). "Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory" . Retrieved 2007-08-27.
  2. 1 2 "National Wildlife Areas in Ontario - Prince Edward Point". Environment Canada. Archived from the original on 2010-10-23. Retrieved 2007-08-27.
  3. 1 2 "Prince Edward Point Bird Observatory". Canadian Migration Monitoring Network. Archived from the original on 2000-08-17. Retrieved 2007-08-27.
  4. "Quinte, Kingston, Rideau 2000-2001". The Ontario Trillium Foundation. Retrieved 2007-08-27.
  5. 1 2 "Prince Edward Point, Picton, Ontario". Important Bird Areas of Canada. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-08-29.
  6. "Prince Edward Point National Wildlife Area". Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.[ permanent dead link ]
  7. "Prince Edward Point NWA". Canadian Wildlife Service. Retrieved 2007-08-27.