Nusu | |
---|---|
Native to | China, Myanmar |
Ethnicity | Nu |
Native speakers | 13,000 (2007) [1] |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | nuf |
Glottolog | nusu1239 |
The Nusu language is a Loloish language spoken by the Nu people of China and Myanmar. There are three dialects: Northern, Southern, and Central. The Central dialect of Miangu is the prestige dialect and is understood fairly well by speakers of other dialects. [1]
Lama (2012) observes a sound change, *r- > Ø- from Proto-Loloish, as a Nusoish innovation.
The three Nusu dialects are spoken in the following locations (Nusuzu Nusuyu Jianzhi 怒族怒苏语简志 1986).
The divergent Liangsu dialect (良苏话) is spoken in by about 3,000 people in the following locations of Fugong County, Yunnan. [18] [19]
Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | (Alveolo-) Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | sibilant | |||||||
Nasal | voiced | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
unvoiced | m̥ | n̥ | ||||||
Stop/ Affricate | voiced | b | d | dz | ɖʐ | dʑ | ɡ | |
unvoiced | p | t | ts | ʈʂ | tɕ | k | ||
aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | tsʰ | ʈʂʰ | tɕʰ | kʰ | ||
Fricative | unvoiced | f | s | ʂ | ɕ | x | h | |
voiced | v | z | ʐ | ʑ | ɣ | |||
Approximant | voiced | l | j | w | ||||
unvoiced | l̥ |
Nusu has seven tones:
Tone | IPA |
---|---|
High | ˥ |
High falling | ˥˧ |
Creaky low | ˩ˀ |
Low | ˩ |
Creaky high | ˥ˀ |
Rising-falling | ˨˦˨ |
Mid | ˧ |
The Bulangpeople are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.
Fumin County is a county, under the jurisdiction of Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Yongsheng County is located in the northwest of Yunnan province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Lijiang. In 2019 the county had a population of 406,757 including 34.42% ethnic minorities.
Zhenkang County is located in western Yunnan province, China, bordering Burma's Shan State to the west. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Lincang.
Gengma Dai and Va Autonomous County is located in Lincang City, in the west of Yunnan province, China.
Wuding County is under the administration of the Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, in the north-central part of Yunnan province, China, bordering Sichuan province to the north. Wuding's county seat is located only 5 km from the seat of Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County. It is a centre for titanium production.
Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County is located in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lai Châu Province to the south. Jinping is home to the Red-headed Yao (红头瑶族) minority group who wear a pointed red hat on their heads after they get married.
Fugong County is a county located in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, in the west of Yunnan province, China, bordering Myanmar's Kachin State to the west.
The U language or P'uman, is spoken by 40,000 people in the Yunnan Province of China and possibly Myanmar. It is classified as an Austroasiatic language in the Palaungic branch. In China, U speakers are classified as ethnic Bulang.
Mảng is an Austroasiatic language of Vietnam, China, and Laos. It is spoken mainly in Lai Châu Province, Vietnam and across the border in Jinping County, China. It was first documented only in 1974.
The Nisoish or Yi languages, which contains both the Northern Loloish and Southeastern Loloish branches, are a branch of the Loloish languages proposed by Lama (2012). Northern Loloish and Southeastern Loloish were established by Bradley (1997), while the Nisoish group combining Bradley's two branches was proposed by Ziwo Lama (2012). Lama (2012) refers to Northern Loloish as Nisoid or Nisu–Lope, and Southeastern Loloish as Axi–Puoid.
Enu or Ximoluo is a Hanoish language of the Bi-Ka branch spoken by 14,000 people of the Hani ethnic group. It is spoken in the counties of Mojiang, Jiangcheng, and Luchun in Yunnan, China.
Zauzou is a Loloish language of Tu'e District (兔峨地区), Lanping County, Yunnan, China. It is most closely related to Nusu.
The Southeastern Loloish languages, also known as Southeastern Ngwi, are a branch of the Loloish languages. In Lama's (2012) classification, it is called Axi-Puoid, which forms the Nisoish branch together with the Nisoid (Nisu–Lope) languages.
The Hani languages are a group of closely related but distinct languages of the Loloish (Yi) branch of the Tibeto-Burman linguistic group. They are also referred to as the Hanoid languages by Lama (2012) and as the Akoid languages by Bradley (2007).
Woni is a Southern Loloish language spoken in Zhenyuan Yi, Hani and Lahu Autonomous County and Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County of Yunnan, China. The most extensive description of Woni to date is that of Yang (2016).
Guozuo is a Southern Loloish language of Yunnan, China. It is spoken in Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County and Lüchun County, Yunnan.
Koxtag is a town in Pishan/Guma County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.
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