| United Provinces | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province of British India (1937–1947) Dominion of India (1947–1950) | |||||||||||||||
| 1937–1950 | |||||||||||||||
 Coat of arms | |||||||||||||||
 Map of the United Provinces | |||||||||||||||
| Capital | Lucknow | ||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||
• Established | 1937 | ||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1950 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Today part of | India | ||||||||||||||
The United Provinces (UP) was a province of British India and, subsequently, independent India.
It came into existence on 1 April 1937 as a result of the shortening of the name of the "United Provinces of British India". It corresponded approximately to the combined regions of the present-day Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. [1]
The Government of India Act 1935 enlarged the elected provincial legislature and expanded provincial autonomy vis-a-vis the central government.
In the elections held in 1937, the Indian National Congress won the majority seats, but declined to form a government. Therefore, on 1 April 1937, and the Nawab of Chhatari, the leader of the National Agriculturist Parties, was invited to form a minority provisional government. [2]
| Minister | Portfolio |
|---|---|
| Nawab of Chhatari | Home Affairs |
| Sir Muhammad Yusuf | Local Self-Government and Health |
| Jwala Prasad Srivastava | Finance |
| Raja Syed Ahmad Alvi of Salempur | Education |
| Raja Maheshwar Dayal Seth | Home and Agricultural |
| Maharajkumar of Vizianagram | Justice |
| Raja Durga Narayan Singh of Tirwa | Industries and Communications |
The Congress reversed its decision and resolved to accept office in July 1937. Therefore, the Governor Sir Harry Graham Haig invited Govind Ballabh Pant to form the government. [3] [4]
| Minister | Portfolio |
|---|---|
| Govind Ballabh Pant | Premier, Home and Finance |
| Rafi Ahmed Kidwai | Revenue and Jails |
| Kailash Nath Katju | Justice, Development, Agriculture and Veterinary |
| Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit | Local Self-government and Health |
| Muhammad Ibrahim | Communication and Irrigation |
| P. L. Sharma |
In 1939, all of the Congress ministries in British Indian provinces resigned and the United Provinces were placed under the Governor's rule. In 1945, the British Labour government ordered new elections to the Provincial legislatures. The Congress won a majority in the 1946 elections in the United Provinces and Pant was again the Premier, continuing even after India's independence in 1947.
Following independence in 1947, the princely states of Rampur, Banares and Tehri-Garwal were merged into the United Provinces. On 25 January 1950, this unit was renamed as Uttar Pradesh. In 2000, the separate state of Uttaranchal, now known as Uttarakhand, was carved out of Uttar Pradesh.
Chaudhary Charan Singh, better known as Charan Singh was an Indian politician and a freedom fighter. Singh was principally known for his land and agricultural reform initiatives. He briefly served as the prime minister of India from July 1979 to August 1979 and was Member of Parliament (MP) for Baghpat. During prime ministership he was a member of the Janata Party (Secular). He served as 5th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh as a member of Bhartiya Kranti Dal. He also briefly served as deputy prime minister of India from January 1979 to July 1979 as a member of the Janata Party. Singh is widely regarded as the "Champion of farmers", after his life has been dedicated to advocating for the wellbeing and rights of farmers.
The Central Provinces and Berar was a province of British India and later the Dominion of India which existed from 1903 to 1950. It was formed by the merger of the Central Provinces with the province of Berar, which was territory leased by the British from the Hyderabad State. Through an agreement signed on 5 November 1902, 6th Nizam Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI leased Berar permanently to the British for an annual payment of 25 lakhs rupees. Lord Curzon decided to merge Berar with the Central Provinces, and this was proclaimed on 17 September 1903.
The Uttarakhand Kranti Dal, is a registered unrecognised regional political party in Uttarakhand, India. Founded in 1979, the party was built upon the aim of establishing a separate hill-state to combat administrative neglect and ensure sustainable development with respect to the sensitive ecology of the Himalayan region. Through the 80s and late 90s UKD became the principal leader of the Uttarakhand Statehood Movement and is credited by for bringing about the separation and creation of Uttarakhand as the 27th state of India on 9 November 2000.
Govind Ballabh Pant was an Indian freedom fighter and the first chief minister of Uttar Pradesh. Alongside Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Vallabh Bhai Patel, Pant was a key figure in the movement for India's Independence and later a pivotal figure in the Indian Government. He was one of the foremost political leaders of Uttar Pradesh and a key player in the successful movement to establish Hindi as the official language of Indian Union.
The Government of India Act 1935 was an act passed by the British Parliament that originally received royal assent in August 1935. It was the longest act that the British Parliament ever enacted until the Greater London Authority Act 1999 surpassed it. Because of its length, the act was retroactively split by the Government of India (Reprinting) Act 1935 into two separate acts:
Nainital district is a district in Kumaon division which is a part of Uttarakhand state in India. The headquarters is at Nainital.
Rafi Ahmed Kidwai was a politician, an Indian independence activist and a socialist. Kidwai served as a Minister of Communications in the first Cabinet of Independent India.
Pantnagar is a town and a university campus in Udham Singh Nagar District, Uttarakhand. Nainital, Kashipur, Rudrapur, Kiccha and Haldwani are the major cities surrounding Pantnagar.
The Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council also known as Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of Uttar Pradesh, a state in India. Uttar Pradesh is one of the six states in India, where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha and the Vidhan Parishad. The Vidhan Parishad is a permanent house, consisting of 100 members.
The Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, also known as Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, is the lower house of bicameral legislature of the Indian state Uttar Pradesh. There are 403 seats in the house. Members of the Assembly are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the Governor on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Vidhan Sabha Chambers of the Vidhan Bhavan, Lucknow is the capital.
Sir Harry Graham Haig KCSI CIE JP ICS was a British administrator in India.
Bihar Province was a province of British India, created in 1936 by the partition of the Bihar and Orissa Province.
Orissa Province was a province of British India created in April 1936 by the partitioning of the Bihar and Orissa Province and adding parts of Madras Presidency and Central Provinces. Its territory corresponds with the present-day state of Odisha.
Assam Province was a province of British India, created in 1912 by the partition of the Eastern Bengal and Assam Province. Its capital was in Shillong.
The Uttarakhand movement refers to the events of statehood activism within the undivided state of Uttar Pradesh which ultimately resulted in the formation of Uttarakhand, India as a separate state.
Located in Lucknow, the Vidhan Bhavan is the seat of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The lower house is the Vidhan Sabha and the upper house the Vidhan Parishad. The Vidhan Sabha had 431 members until 1967, but now comprises 403 directly elected members and one nominated member from the Anglo-Indian community. The Vidhan Parishad has 100 members.
The Legislative Assembly for the United Provinces was constituted for the first time on 1 April 1937 in accordance with the Government of India Act, 1935 with a strength of 228. The size of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly was decided as 403 members after the Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000. There is one nominated Anglo-Indian member in addition to 403 members. The first session of the provisional Uttar Pradesh Legislature under the new Constitution of India that established the country as a republic began on 2 February 1950. After the first elections the newly elected Assembly of Uttar Pradesh met on 19 May 1952.
National Agriculturist Party (NAP) was a political party in the United Provinces of British India. The party won 22 seats in the 1937 United Provinces legislative assembly election and won four seats in legislative councils. Established in 1934 in both Agra and Oudh, the National Agriculturist Party initially existed primarily on paper. Until 1936, it relied on the personal influence of its members to maintain its presence. The party was formed with the support of zamindars and talukdars from both Hindu and Muslim communities, and it received backing from landlord class.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "United Provinces of Agra and Oudh". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
26°50′49″N80°56′49″E / 26.847°N 80.947°E
