Arab al-Fuqara

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Arab al-Fuqara
عرب الفقراء/الشيخ حلو
Etymology: Sheikh Helu, p.n [1]
Historical map series for the area of Arab al-Fuqara (1870s).jpg 1870s map
Historical map series for the area of Arab al-Fuqara (1940s).jpg 1940s map
Historical map series for the area of Arab al-Fuqara (modern).jpg modern map
Historical map series for the area of Arab al-Fuqara (1940s with modern overlay).jpg 1940s with modern overlay map
A series of historical maps of the area around Arab al-Fuqara (click the buttons)
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Arab al-Fuqara
Location within Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates: 32°27′08″N34°54′21″E / 32.45222°N 34.90583°E / 32.45222; 34.90583
Palestine grid 140/206
Geopolitical entity Mandatory Palestine
Subdistrict Haifa
Date of depopulationApril 10, 1948 [2]
Area
[3]
  Total
15  dunams (1.5 ha or 4 acres)
Population
 (1945)
  Total
310 [4] [5]
Cause(s) of depopulationExpulsion by Yishuv forces
Current Localities Hadera [6]

Arab al-Fuqara (Arabic: عرب الفقراء) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Haifa Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 10, 1948. [2] At that time, the land records of the village consisted of a total area of 2,714 dunams, of which 2,513 were owned by Jews, 15 owned by Arabs, and the remaining 186 dunams being public lands.

Contents

Location

The village was located 42 km southwest of Haifa, south of Wadi al-Mafjar and northwest of Hadera, in a flat, sandy area. [6]

History

"El Fuqara" land noted in 1932 in the Survey of Palestine, N-W of Hadera Hadera 1932.jpg
"El Fuqara" land noted in 1932 in the Survey of Palestine, N-W of Hadera

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described a local maqam for Sheikh Helu here, and noted a few adobe houses near, which were not noticed in the official [Government] lists. [7] The maqam belonged to al-Sheikh Muhammad al-Helu, one of the ancestors of the tribe in its current location. [8]

British Mandate era

The Arab villagers were descendants of a section of the al-Balawina Bedouin tribe, whose primary territory was near Beersheba. [6] The area was generally swampy and malarial, and this limited population growth until the mid-1920s.

The gradual and legal expansion of the Jewish town Hadera reduced the free public land available to the Arab villagers, until only a thin strip of land between Hadera and Wadi al-Mafjar was retained (15 dunams), [6] where the land was considered non-cultivable. [9]

The village population in the 1945 statistics was 310, all Muslims. [4] [5]

1948 and aftermath

On 6 April 1948, the Haganah implemented a new policy for the coastal plains, namely of clearing the whole area of its Arab inhabitants. [10] On 10 April, the villagers of Arab al-Fuqara, together with the villagers of Arab al-Nufay'at and Arab Zahrat al-Dumayri, were ordered to leave the area. [11]

Following the 1948 war, the area was incorporated into the State of Israel and the village's land is now part of the northwestern area of Hadera. [6]

References

  1. Palmer, 1881, p. 141
  2. 1 2 Morris, 2004, p. xviii, village #180. Also gives cause of depopulation
  3. Hadawi, 1970, total area of 2,714 dunams was divided as Arab owned 15 dunams, Jewish owned 2513 dunams, public 186 dunams
  4. 1 2 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 13
  5. 1 2 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 47
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Khalidi, 1992, p.144
  7. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 4
  8. Marom, Roy (2025-07-01). "On Islamic shrines (על מקאמאת)". Cathedra (187): 159.
  9. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 139
  10. Morris, 2004, p. 245, note 628
  11. Morris, 2004, p. 245, note 631

Bibliography