Isradipine

Last updated
Isradipine
(RS)-Isradipin Structural Formula V1.svg
Clinical data
Trade names DynaCirc
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a693048
Pregnancy
category
  • C
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 15-24%
Protein binding 95%
Metabolism 100% Hepatic
Elimination half-life 8 hours
Excretion 70% Renal, 30% Fecal
Identifiers
  • 3-methyl 5-propan-2-yl 4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard 100.158.721 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Chemical and physical data
Formula C19H21N3O5
Molar mass 371.393 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(OC)\C3=C(\N\C(=C(\C(=O)OC(C)C)C3c1cccc2nonc12)C)C
  • InChI=1S/C19H21N3O5/c1-9(2)26-19(24)15-11(4)20-10(3)14(18(23)25-5)16(15)12-7-6-8-13-17(12)22-27-21-13/h6-9,16,20H,1-5H3 Yes check.svgY
  • Key:HMJIYCCIJYRONP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Yes check.svgY
   (verify)

Isradipine (tradenames DynaCirc, Prescal) is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is usually prescribed for the treatment of high blood pressure in order to reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack.

Contents

It was patented in 1978 and approved for medical use in 1989. [1]

Medical uses

Isradipine is given as either a 2.5 mg or 5 mg capsule. [2]

Side effects

Common side effects include: [3]

Serious side effects include: [3]

Drug interactions

It is advised that those using Isradipine not take Anzemet (Dolasetron), as both agents can cause a dose-dependent PR interval and QRS complex prolongation. [4]

Itraconazole exhibits a negative inotropic effect on the heart and thus could spur an additive effect when used concomitantly with Isradipine. Onmel/Sporanox also inhibits an important cytochrome liver enzyme (CYP 450 3A4) which is needed to metabolize Isradipine and other Calcium Channel Blockers. This will increase plasma levels of Isradipine and could cause an unintentional overdose of the medication. Caution is advised when administering both agents together. [5]

Tizanidine demonstrates anti-hypertensive effects and should be avoided in patients taking Isradipine due to the possibility of synergism between both medications. [6]

The anti-biotic Rifampin lowered plasma concentrations of Isradipine to below detectable limits. [2]

Cimetidine increased Isradipine mean peak plasma levels. A downward dose adjustment may be necessary with this particular instance of polypharmacy. [2]

Severe hypotension was reported with Fentanyl anesthesia when it was combined with other Calcium Channel Blockers. Even though Isradipine, another Calcium Channel Blocker, has not been used in conjunction with Fentanyl anesthesia in any studies, caution is advised. [2]

Note: There was no significant interaction between Isradipine and Warfarin (Coumadin), Isradipine and Microzide Hydrochlorothiazide, Isradipine and Lanoxin (Digoxin), and Isradipine and Nitrostat (Nitroglycerin).

Overdose

Symptoms of an Isradipine overdose include: [2]

Stereochemistry

Isradipine contains a stereocenter and consists of two enantiomers, more precisely atropisomers. This is a racemate, i.e. a 1: 1 mixture of ( R ) - and the ( S ) - Form: [7]

Enantiomers of Isradipine
(R)-Isradipin Structural Formula V1.svg
CAS-Nummer: 84260-63-9
(S)-Isradipin Structural Formula V1.svg
CAS-Nummer: 84260-64-0

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 465. ISBN   9783527607495.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Isradipine: Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data".
  3. 1 2 "Isradipine Side Effects".
  4. "Isradipine and Anzemet Drug Interactions".
  5. "Isradipine and Onmel Drug Interactions".
  6. "Isradipine and Zanaflex Drug Interactions".
  7. Rote Liste Service GmbH (Hrsg.): Rote Liste 2017 – Arzneimittelverzeichnis für Deutschland (einschließlich EU-Zulassungen und bestimmter Medizinprodukte). Rote Liste Service GmbH, Frankfurt/Main, 2017, Aufl. 57, ISBN   978-3-946057-10-9, S. 193.

Further reading