Heathrow Airport transport proposals

Last updated

Map of Heathrow Airport tube and rail lines in 2019 Heathrow Airport tube rail lines 2019.png
Map of Heathrow Airport tube and rail lines in 2019
Heathrow area rail services
mi-ch
from Paddington
BSicon tCONTg.svg
BSicon KXINTa-L.svg
BSicon tKINTxe.svg
BSicon tXINT-R.svg
Gnome-searchtool.svg
0-00
Paddington Bakerloo line roundel (no text).svg Circle line roundel (no text).svg District line roundel (no text).svg H&c line roundel (no text).svg Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg Heathrow Express icon RDT.svg National Rail logo.svg
BSicon tdSTRc2.svg
BSicon dSTR.svg
BSicon tv-STR3.svg
BSicon v-STR.svg
BSicon tvSTR+1-.svg
BSicon tSTRc4.svg
BSicon tdSTRe.svg
BSicon dSTR.svg
BSicon POINTERg@gq.svg
BSicon vUSTr.svg
BSicon POINTERf@fq.svg
BSicon vSTR.svg
BSicon exlvINT-.svg
BSicon vINT-STR.svg
Old Oak Common
under
construction
BSicon vHST-STR.svg
4-21
Acton Main Line Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg
BSicon vINT-STR.svg
5-56
Ealing Broadway Central line roundel (no text).svg District line roundel (no text).svg Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg
BSicon vHST-STR.svg
6-46
West Ealing Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg National Rail logo.svg
BSicon vHST-STR.svg
7-28
Hanwell Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg
BSicon vHST-STR.svg
9-06
Southall Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg
BSicon vBHF-STR.svg
10-71
Hayes & Harlington Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg
BSicon vUSTl.svg
BSicon utSTRc2.svg
BSicon utd-CONT3.svg
BSicon vSTRc2.svg
BSicon v-STR.svg
BSicon vSTR3.svg
BSicon utv-STR+1.svg
BSicon utcSTRc4.svg
11-10
Airport Junction
BSicon vCONT1.svg
BSicon vSTRc4.svg
BSicon v-STR.svg
BSicon utv-STR.svg
BSicon STRc2.svg
BSicon xABZg3.svg
BSicon utHST.svg
Hatton Cross Piccadilly line roundel (no text).svg
BSicon tdSTRc2.svg
BSicon tSTR3+1a.svg
BSicon exKHSTe.svg
BSicon STRc4.svg
BSicon utABZg2.svg
BSicon utSTRc3.svg
Heathrow Junction closed 1998
BSicon tdSTR+1.svg
BSicon tSTRc4.svg
BSicon utSTR+tc1.svg
BSicon utv-STR+4.svg
BSicon FLUG.svg Heathrow Airport:
BSicon tdSTR.svg
BSicon utSTRc2.svg
BSicon utSTR3.svg
BSicon HUBc2.svg
BSicon utBHF(L)f.svg
BSicon HUB3.svg
Terminal 4
Piccadilly line roundel (no text).svg BSicon FLUG.svg
BSicon tdSTR.svg
BSicon utSTRc2.svg
BSicon utSTR3+1.svg
BSicon utcSTRc4.svg
BSicon tKBHFa.svg
BSicon HUB1.svg
BSicon utSTR.svg
BSicon HUBc4.svg
16-30
Terminal 4
Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg BSicon FLUG.svg
BSicon utdSTRc2.svg
BSicon tdSTR2.svg
BSicon utBHF3+1.svg
BSicon HUBa.svg
BSicon utSTRc4.svg
BSicon tvSHI2l-.svg
BSicon utdSTR.svg
Terminals 2 & 3 Piccadilly line roundel (no text).svg BSicon BUS.svg BSicon FLUG.svg
BSicon utdSTR+1.svg
BSicon tv-STR+4.svg
BSicon tBHF2+4.svg
BSicon utSTRc4.svg
BSicon HUBe.svg
BSicon tSTRc3.svg
BSicon tkvSTR-c2.svg
BSicon utkvSTR3~l.svg
BSicon tkvSTR3~r.svg
14-40
Terminals 2 & 3 Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg Heathrow Express icon RDT.svg BSicon BUS.svg BSicon FLUG.svg
BSicon utSHI1+r.svg
BSicon utdSTR2-.svg
BSicon tSHI1+l.svg
BSicon utdSTRl+4-~F.svg
BSicon utd-STRq.svg
BSicon ut-STRq.svg
BSicon tSTRl+4-.svg
BSicon utkvSTRr+1~l.svg
BSicon tkvSTRr+1~r.svg
BSicon lNUL3.svg
BSicon utkvSTRc4.svg
BSicon umtvSTR.svg
BSicon umtvKINTe.svg
16-20
Terminal 5 Piccadilly line roundel (no text).svg Elizabeth line roundel (no text).svg Heathrow Express icon RDT.svg BSicon BUS.svg BSicon FLUG.svg

Over the years, a number of transport proposals have been made to improve public access to Heathrow Airport, near London in the United Kingdom.

Contents

Currently, all rail connections with Heathrow airport run along an east–west alignment to and from central London. Most rail passengers heading for Heathrow must pass through London Zone 1 stations in order to reach Heathrow. [1] The British government's Department for Transport has considered various proposed schemes for new links to improve access to the airport.

Background

Airport rail links such as Heathrow Express provide transport into central London Hugh llewelyn 332 008 (6743399683).jpg
Airport rail links such as Heathrow Express provide transport into central London

Heathrow Airport is a major international airport which lies 14 miles (23 km) west of Central London. For the first 45 years of its operation, public transport links to Heathrow Airport were provided by airport buses. Rail connections to Heathrow Airport began in 1977 with the extension of the London Underground Piccadilly line to Heathrow Central tube station (now Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3). The Tube was extended to Terminal 4 in 1986 and Terminal 5 in 2008. [2] A new airport rail link opened between Heathrow and London Paddington station in 1998, when the Heathrow Express service began, followed soon after by Heathrow Connect which was a stopping service at all stations between Heathrow and London Paddington. [1] The mainline rail service is due to be enhanced and extended to central London and Essex when the Elizabeth line, currently under construction, opens in 2022 (delayed from 2019). [3]

Proposals

The Heathwick proposal Heathwick.jpg
The Heathwick proposal
One of the transport projects being considered is the Western Rail Approach to Heathrow Western Rail Approach to Heathrow.png
One of the transport projects being considered is the Western Rail Approach to Heathrow
Heathrow Southern Railway Heathrow Southern Railway.png
Heathrow Southern Railway
The high-speed rail HS4Air proposal HS4Air.png
The high-speed rail HS4Air proposal

A number of schemes have been proposed over the years to develop new rail transport links with other parts of London and with stations outside the city. As yet, none of these proposals has been confirmed or funded.

Dudding Hill Line (1990–2008)

In the late 1990s, the Dudding Hill Line in North London — currently closed to passenger services — was considered by BAA as a potential route for the planned Heathrow Express service to run to St Pancras. [4] The line was once again featured in the High Speed North scheme put forward by transport campaigners in 2008, which envisaged creating a rail link between Heathrow and Cambridge via the Chiltern Main Line and the Dudding Hill Line to connect with the Midland Main Line at a "Cricklewood Interchange" station. [5] [6]

Two schemes known as SuperCrossrail and Superlink were put forward in 2004 by a group of rail industry managers as alternative proposals to the Crossrail route being planned at the time. They proposed connecting a number of regional stations such as Cambridge, Ipswich, Reading and Guildford via a new underground railway through central London, with a station at Heathrow Airport. The scheme was rejected by planners in favour of the simpler Crossrail route. [7] [8]

Airtrack (2009)

In 2009, Heathrow Airport Limited unveiled a proposal for a new rail link called Heathrow Airtrack which would connect Heathrow Terminal 5 along a southern alignment to the Waterloo–Reading line. [9] The scheme would have enabled direct rail services between London Waterloo, Heathrow Airport, Guildford and Reading, improving transport links with stations to the South West of the airport. [10] The project was abandoned in 2011 due to lack of funding and difficulties with a high number of level crossings on the route into London. [11] [12]

HS2 Heathrow Hub (2009)

A station serving Heathrow Airport, Heathrow Hub railway station, was included in the early proposals for the planned High Speed 2 (HS2) railway line. [13] [14] The spur from HS2 to Heathrow was dropped from the plans in March 2015. [15]

Various schemes to create a transport link between Heathrow and Gatwick Airports have been considered, collectively known as Heathwick . Gatwick lies around 25 miles (40 km) south-east of Heathrow Airport, and like Heathrow, it has rapid rail connections into central London but there are no transport connections between the two airports. A fast rail link would allow the airports to operate jointly as an airline hub. Among the schemes has been a 2011 proposal for a high-speed rail link; [16] and a 2013 proposal for a rapid transit system named London Air Rail Transit system (LARTs) running parallel to the M25 which would connect Gatwick, Heathrow and Luton Airports. [17]

Great Western Main Line (2012)

The Western Rail Approach to Heathrow scheme was announced by the Department of Transport in July 2012 to build a spur from Heathrow Terminal 5 along a north-western alignment, connecting the airport to the Great Western Main Line. This connection will enable direct trains from Reading, Slough, Twyford and Maidenhead, and improve airport connections with the South West, South Wales and the West Midlands.

In 2013, a proposal was announced for the Windsor Link Railway, a privately financed project to link the Slough–Windsor & Eton and the Staines–Windsor railway lines. The scheme also includes a branch to Heathrow Terminal 5, with a potential connection to Crossrail. [18] [19]

In 2018, the Department for Transport began to invite proposals for privately funded rail links to Heathrow Airport. As well as the Western Rail Approach, other projects being considered for public–private partnership have included: [20] [21]

Heathrow Southern Railway / Southern Access to Heathrow (2018)

The Heathrow Southern Railway scheme, similar to the abandoned Airtrack proposal, envisages the construction of a south-aligned rail link to connect the Terminal 5 station with Chertsey or Virginia Water and Staines, which would allow trains to run from Basingstoke, Woking and Guildford direct to the airport stations. It would also create a link to the airport from London Waterloo via Clapham Junction, Twickenham, Hounslow and Staines. [22] [23]

In a November 2019 document from the DfT, this proposed link is renamed Southern Access to Heathrow (SAtH) since other options besides heavy rail are being considered. [24]

HS4Air (2018)

HS4Air was a proposal for a new high-speed railway line which would link HS2 to the High Speed 1 line and the Channel Tunnel. The proposed route would run south of London, with stations at Heathrow and Gatwick Airports. [25] The HS4Air scheme was rejected by Government in December 2018 and will not go ahead. [26]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crossrail</span> Railway project in London, England

Crossrail was a railway construction project centred around London. It aimed to provide a high-frequency hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system crossing the capital from suburbs on the west to east, by connecting two major railway lines terminating in London: the Great Western Main Line and the Great Eastern Main Line. The project was approved in 2007, and construction began in 2009 on the central section and connections to existing lines that became part of the route, which has been named the Elizabeth line in honour of Queen Elizabeth II who opened the line on 17 May 2022 during her Platinum Jubilee. The central section of the line between Paddington and Abbey Wood opened on 24 May 2022, with 12 trains per hour running in each direction through the core section in Central London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heathrow Terminal 5 station</span> National Rail and London Underground station serving London Heathrow Airport

Heathrow Terminal 5 is a shared railway and London Underground station serving Heathrow Terminal 5. It serves as a terminus for Heathrow Express services to Paddington, and for Elizabeth line and London Underground Piccadilly line services to central London. It is managed and staffed by Heathrow Express.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reading railway station</span> Principal railway station in Berkshire, England

Reading railway station is a major transport hub in Reading, Berkshire, England; it is 36 miles (58 km) west of London Paddington. It is sited on the northern edge of the town centre, near to the main retail and commercial areas and the River Thames.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feltham railway station</span> National Rail station in London, England

Feltham railway station serves Feltham in the London Borough of Hounslow, west London. It was opened on 22 August 1848 by the Windsor, Staines and South Western Railway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guildford railway station</span> Railway station in Guildford, Surrey, England

Guildford railway station is at one of three main railway junctions on the Portsmouth Direct Line and serves the town of Guildford in Surrey, England. It is 30 miles 27 chains down the line from London Waterloo via Woking.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heathrow Connect</span> Former train service in London

Heathrow Connect was a train service in London provided jointly by Heathrow Express and Great Western Railway (GWR), between Paddington station and Heathrow Airport. The service followed the same route as the non-stop Heathrow Express service but called at certain intermediate stations, connecting several locations in West London with each other, the airport, and Central London. It ran every half-hour throughout the day and evening. The service was launched on 12 June 2005 and ceased on 19 May 2018, when it was absorbed into the TfL Rail concession, in advance of becoming part of the Elizabeth line once it opened on 24 May 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Staines railway station</span> Railway station in Surrey, England

Staines railway station is on the Waterloo to Reading line and is the junction station for the diverging Windsor line, in southern England to the west of London. It is 19 miles 2 chains (30.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo. It serves the town of Staines-upon-Thames in Surrey, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Staines–Windsor line</span> Suburban railway line in south-east England

The Staines–Windsor line is a suburban railway line in England which branches from the Waterloo to Reading Line at Staines-upon-Thames in Surrey and runs to Windsor in Berkshire. Passenger services on the line are operated by South Western Railway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Old Oak Common railway station</span> Planned railway station in London

Old Oak Common (OOC) is a railway station under construction on the site of the Old Oak Common traction maintenance depot to the west of London in Old Oak Common, approximately 500 m (1,600 ft) south of Willesden Junction station. When built, it is expected to be one of the largest rail hubs in London, at about 800 m (2,600 ft) in length and 20 m (66 ft) below surface level.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heathrow Airtrack</span> Proposed airport express rail service between Waterloo, Surrey and Berkshire

Heathrow Airtrack was a proposed railway link in the United Kingdom which would link Heathrow Airport in west London to London Waterloo railway station in Central London.

Heathrow Airport is an international airport in London, England.

Heathrow Hub railway station was a proposed interchange that would serve – mainly – a now disbanded potential alignment of High Speed 2 (HS2) services that would adjoin the expanded part of Heathrow Airport, England. It was a cornerstone part of an expansion plan put forward in 2008, by engineering firm Arup, to set up the UK's first high-speed rail network north-west of London.

The Windsor Link Railway was a proposed new railway in Windsor, Berkshire, connecting the Great Western and South Western franchise areas and linking both to London Heathrow Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heathwick</span> 2011 high-speed rail link proposal

Heathwick is an informal name for a 2011 proposal to create a high-speed rail link between London's Heathrow and Gatwick airports, in effect to combine them into a single aviation travel hub. Proponents argue this would balance their capacity and so reduce the need to add more runways to Heathrow, or more airports in the south-east of England. In 2018 the similar project HS4Air was proposed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Western Rail Approach to Heathrow</span> Proposed rail link in England

The Western Rail Approach to Heathrow is a proposed bi-directional link westward from London's Heathrow Airport to the Great Western Main Line. It would thus run, in council areas, from Greater London under Iver, South Bucks, Buckinghamshire to Langley, Slough. Beginning at Heathrow Terminal 5 station, it would run via a tunnel to a junction east of Langley station, therefore allowing trains to run to and from destinations in the west: Slough, Reading and beyond. When completed, it would improve rail connections to Heathrow from the Thames Valley as well as from South West England, South Wales and The Midlands. It would also reduce congestion at London Paddington station by removing the need, which presently exists, for passengers from Heathrow who are bound for those regions, to travel to Hayes and Harlington and then change at Reading or to make their interchange at Paddington, central London. Paddington would remain an interchange for services to/from Euston, Saint Pancras and London generally and a little of the Great Western Main Line would gain rail capacity as many services would take the resultant side loop via Heathrow.

The expansion of Gatwick Airport has involved several proposals aimed at increasing airport capacity in south east England and relieving congestion at the main hub airport Heathrow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth line</span> Railway in London, England

The Elizabeth line is a high-frequency hybrid urban–suburban rail service in London and its suburbs. It runs services on dedicated infrastructure in central London from the Great Western Main Line west of Paddington station to Abbey Wood and via Whitechapel to the Great Eastern Main Line near Stratford; along the Great Western Main Line to Reading and Heathrow Airport in the west; and along the Great Eastern Main Line to Shenfield in the east. The service is named after Queen Elizabeth II, who officially opened the line on 17 May 2022 during her Platinum Jubilee year; passenger services started on 24 May 2022. Despite being named under the same system as London Underground lines, and having sections which are underground, the Elizabeth line is not classified as a London Underground line.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of High Speed 2</span>

The history of High Speed 2 is the background to the planned construction of High Speed 2 (HS2), a new high-speed railway in Great Britain that would connect London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds and other cities in the UK.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heathrow Southern Railway</span> Proposed train service in Berkshire, Surrey and Grreater London

The Heathrow Southern Railway is a proposed new railway in the United Kingdom which would link Heathrow Airport to railway lines south of London. The scheme, announced in August 2017, is promoted by Heathrow Southern Railway Limited and would be financed privately. In a government paper published in November 2019, the project has been officially called SAtH - Southern Access to Heathrow. The reason given is that it is not only heavy rail access that is being considered but other transport options too.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HS4Air</span> 2018 proposal for a high-speed rail link between HS2, Heathrow, Gatwick and HS1

HS4Air is a proposal for a 140-kilometre (87 mi) high-speed railway line in the United Kingdom, put forward in 2018 by a British engineering consultancy, Expedition Engineering.

References

  1. 1 2 Coogan, Matthew A. (2000). Improving Public Transportation Access to Large Airports. Leigh Fisher Associates, Transportation Research Board, Transit Cooperative Research Program. p. 66. ISBN   9780309066594 . Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  2. Blow, Christopher J. (2013). "15. Public transport interchanges". Airport Terminals: Butterworth Architecture Library of Planning and Design. Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 90–92. ISBN   9781483145051 . Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  3. "Elizabeth line services through central London to start in 2019". Crossrail. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  4. Transport Plans for London Various plans for Heathrow services into central London
  5. "High Speed North – Joining up Britain" (PDF). 1 July 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2009. Retrieved 1 August 2008.
  6. "Councils opposed to airport expansion unveil plans for £30 billion high speed rail link". 22 July 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2008.
  7. "Rival cross-city rail plan aired". BBC News. 15 December 2004. Archived from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  8. Landels, John (24 May 2005). "SuperCrossrail and Superlink Update Report" (PDF). Cross London Rail Links Limited. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
  9. "Airlink application lodged by BAA". BBC News. 24 July 2009. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  10. "The Need For Heathrow Airtrack" (PDF). BAA. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  11. "Heathrow Airtrack Waterloo rail link shelved by BAA". BBC News London. 11 April 2011. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  12. Samuel, A. (11 April 2011). "Heathrow: 'No option but to withdraw proposed Airtrack link to Staines'". Rail News from Rail.co. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
  13. Oakeshott, Isabel; Gourlay, Chris (4 January 2009). "Heathrow train plan to allay environmental fears". The Times. London. Retrieved 23 March 2018.(subscription required)
  14. "High Speed Rail: Investing in Britain's Future". Department for Transport. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  15. "HS2: Heathrow spur plans dropped by transport minister". BBC News. 10 March 2015.
  16. "Heathrow and Gatwick airports: Ministers mull rail link". BBC News. 8 October 2011. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  17. Commons, The Committee Office, House of. "House of Commons – Transport Committee: Written evidence from Interlinking Transit Solutions Ltd (AS 115)". www.publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 1 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. "Consortium submits proposal for Windsor Link Railway in the UK | Global Rail News". Global Rail News. 1 August 2018. Archived from the original on 13 September 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
  19. Morby, Aaron (8 May 2018). "DfT tests appetite for £2.3bn Heathrow rail links | Construction Enquirer". www.constructionenquirer.com. Construction Enquirer. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  20. MCINTYRE, FIONA. "Private partner wanted for £900M Heathrow rail link". New Civil Engineer. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  21. "Proposed Route – Heathrow Southern Railway". Heathrow Southern Railway. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  22. Topham, Gwyn (15 June 2019). "Left in a siding: the rail link that could make Heathrow greener". The Observer. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
  23. "Southern Access to Heathrow: strategic objectives". GOV.UK. Department for Transport. 4 November 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  24. Nolan, Tara. "HS4Air: The UK needs a strategic plan for its transport infrastructure". Global Railway Review.
  25. Smale, Katherine. "HS4Air plan to link Heathrow and Gatwick rejected". New Civil Engineer. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.