List of Santana live performances (1960s–1970s)

Santana is an American rock band, formed in 1966 by American guitarist Carlos Santana, which has performed for five decades.

The group's first concert tours were North America, with performances in Europe, where they performed at small and medium-size venues and rock festivals. Following a lineup change in early 1972, they toured the world from 1972 to 1973. During this tour, the band performed at arenas and theaters, while doing several concerts in South America, one of the first tours of the continent by a major American rock act. After a North American tour in 1974, the last remaining members of the group from their famous lineup, Michael Shrieve and José Areas, quit the group, and the band underwent multiple lineup changes during the following years. In the 1970s to the 1980s, the band played at arenas, but mostly theaters and seldom music festivals.

In the 1990s, the group lost their recording contract, but they continued to tour extensively throughout the decade, mostly playing at theaters and amphitheaters. However, the band ended the decade with the Supernatural Tour, a vehicle for their popular 1999 album Supernatural . The 177–date tour was a success with audiences and critics, and the group continued to perform within the 2000s. In the third quarter of 2010, Carlos Santana proposed to drummer Cindy Blackman after her solo on the song "Corazón Espinado", and she became an official member of the band in 2016. The group continues to tour the world to this day.

1967–68 performances (1967–1968)

Santana 1967–68 performances

Tour by Santana
Carlos Santana and Marcus Malone performing at the Los Altos High School Gym in Los Altos, California
Start date	March 1, 1967 (1967-03-01)
End date	December 31, 1968 (1968-12-31)
Legs	1
No. of shows	90 (approximately) (92 scheduled)
Santana concert chronology
Santana 1967–68 performances Santana Tour (1969–70)

Santana, then known as the Santana Blues Band, performed in 1967 and 1968 in many line-ups throughout the West Coast of the United States.

History

In January 1967, Carlos Santana was offered a slot by Bill Graham as an opener for an upcoming show at San Francisco's Fillmore Auditorium after Graham was impressed with Santana's performance with Paul Butterfield at the same venue in late January. ^{[1] [2]} In February 1967, his group, the Santana Blues Band, was officially formed when guitarist Tom Fraser invited Carlos Santana to jam with his friend Gregg Rolie, after seeing Santana play with Butterfield at the Fillmore. ^{[2] [3]} The band's first performance was on March 1, 1967, at The Ark club located inside a converted ferry boat in Sausalito, California. ^[4] At the second show on March 17 at the Winchester Cathedral in Redwood City, California, the band was paid $75 for their performance, and allegedly, future drummer Michael Shrieve was in the audience at that show.

After a hiatus due to Santana being treated for tuberculosis, the group opened for the Who at the Fillmore on June 16 and 17, 1967, ^[5] but the band was blacklisted from performing at the venue due to players Sergio "Gus" Rodriguez and Danny Haro showing up late for the gig on the 17th. ^[6] In July, manager Stan Marcum made Santana remove Rodriguez and Haro from the band, and Haro was replaced by Bob Wehr for one performance at the Grant & Green jazz bar, where David Brown was asked to join after the performance. ^{[7] [8] [9]} In November 1967, the band changed their name to Santana. ^[10]

Live releases

Live material from these performances has appeared on the following:

• Songs from the band's shows from December 19 to 22, 1968 were released on the 1997 live album Live at the Fillmore 1968 .
• A performance from 1968 was released as The Very Best of Santana – Live in 1968 in 2007.

Tour band

• Gregg Rolie – lead vocals, Hammond organ, piano
• Carlos Santana – lead guitar, percussion, vocals
• Tom Fraser – rhythm guitar (through August 1967)
• Sergio "Gus" Rodriguez – bass guitar (through July 1967) ^[7]
• David Brown – bass guitar (beginning July 1967) ^[9]
• Danny Haro – drums (through July 1967) ^[7]
• Bob Wehr – drums (in July 1967)
• Rod Harper – drums (from July to November 1967) ^[8]
• Bob "Doc" Livingston – drums (beginning November 1967) ^[8]
• Michael Carabello – congas, percussion (to July 1967) ^[9]
• Marcus Malone – congas, percussion (beginning July 1967) ^{[9] [11] [12]}

Set list

The group's set list usually consisted of covers of Latin music and blues songs, such as Willie Bobo's "Fried Neckbones and Some Homefries" and Chico Hamilton's "Conquistadore Rides Again." The set list of the live album Live at the Fillmore 1968 consists of the following:

1. "Jingo" (Babatunde Olatunji)
2. "Persuasion" (Gregg Rolie)
3. "Treat" (Carlos Santana, Rolie, David Brown)
4. "Chunk a Funk" (Santana, Rolie)
5. "Fried Neckbones and Some Homefries" (Willie Bobo, Melvin Lastie)
6. "Conquistadore Rides Again" (Chico Hamilton)
7. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Marcus Malone, Brown)
8. "As the Years Go Passing By" (Deadric Malone)
9. "Freeway" (Santana, Rolie)

Performance dates

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue ^{[13] [14]}

Date	City	Country	Venue
March 1, 1967	Sausalito	United States	The Ark
March 17, 1967	Redwood City		Winchester Cathedral
March 30, 1967	San Francisco		California Hall
March 31, 1967
June 16, 1967 [lower-alpha 1]			Fillmore Auditorium
June 17, 1967 [lower-alpha 1]
June 23, 1967 [lower-alpha 2]			Folsom Street & 7th Street
July 28, 1967	San Carlos		Carlmont YMCA
November 10, 1967 [lower-alpha 3]	San Francisco		55 Colton Street
November 17, 1967			The Matrix
November 18, 1967
November 19, 1967
November 24, 1967 [lower-alpha 4]			55 Colton Street
November 29, 1967 [lower-alpha 3]	Fresno		Fresno State Amphitheater
December 1, 1967	San Francisco		Straight Theater
December 2, 1967
December 3, 1967
December 26, 1967 [lower-alpha 5]
January 18, 1968			The Matrix
January 19, 1968
January 20, 1968
January 26, 1968	Sausalito		The Ark
January 27, 1968
January 30, 1968	San Francisco		Straight Theater
January 31, 1968
February 1, 1968
March 1, 1968
March 2, 1968
March 20, 1968 [lower-alpha 6]			Avalon Ballroom
April 4, 1968	Los Altos Hills		Foothill College
April 12, 1968	San Francisco		Straight Theater
April 13, 1968
April 19, 1968			Carousel Ballroom
April 20, 1968
April 21, 1968
May 7, 1968			Straight Theater
May 8, 1968
May 9, 1968
May 10, 1968
May 11, 1968
May 17, 1968			Avalon Ballroom
May 18, 1968
May 19, 1968
May 24, 1968	San Jose		Balconades Ballroom
May 25, 1968
May 28, 1968 [lower-alpha 7]	San Francisco		Avalon Ballroom
June 16, 1968 [lower-alpha 8]			Fillmore Auditorium
June 20, 1968	South Lake Tahoe		The Sanctuary
June 21, 1968
June 22, 1968
June 28, 1968	San Francisco		Avalon Ballroom
June 29, 1968
June 30, 1968
July 20, 1968	Winters		Lake Berryessa Bowl
July 26, 1968	Sacramento		The Sound Factory
July 27, 1968
July 28, 1968 [lower-alpha 9]	Stanford		Laurence Frost Amphitheater
July 30, 1968	San Francisco		Fillmore West
July 31, 1968
August 1, 1968
August 9, 1968			Avalon Ballroom
August 10, 1968
August 11, 1968
August 27, 1968			Fillmore West
August 28, 1968
August 29, 1968
August 30, 1968 [lower-alpha 10]		Palace of Fine Arts
September 2, 1968 [lower-alpha 11]	Sultan	The Farm
September 12, 1968	San Francisco	Fillmore West
September 13, 1968
September 14, 1968
September 21, 1968 [lower-alpha 12]	San Jose	Santa Clara County Fairgrounds
September 25, 1968 [lower-alpha 13]	San Francisco	Fillmore West
October 6, 1968	Berkeley	Provo Park
October 18, 1968	Oakland	St. Elizabeth High School
October 31, 1968	San Francisco	Fillmore West
November 1, 1968
November 2, 1968
November 3, 1968 [lower-alpha 14]	Fresno	Selland Arena
November 13, 1968	San Francisco	The Matrix
November 21, 1968 [lower-alpha 15]	Los Altos	Los Altos High School Gym
November 22, 1968	Moraga	Campolindo High School
December 1, 1968 [lower-alpha 16]	Los Altos Hills	Foothill College
December 19, 1968	San Francisco	Fillmore West
December 20, 1968
December 21, 1968
December 22, 1968
December 26, 1968 [lower-alpha 17]	Daly City	Cow Palace
December 28, 1968	Sacramento	The Sound Factory
December 30, 1968	Fresno	Rainbow Ballroom
December 31, 1968	San Francisco	Winterland Ballroom

Notes

1. The band opened for The Who on June 16, 1967. They were also supposed to open for them on the 17th, but they were blacklisted from performing there that date.
2. The concert on June 23, 1967 was a part of the First Annual Synanon Street Fair.
3. The concert on November 10 and 29, 1967 was a part of the Peace & Freedom Party Rally.
4. The concert on November 24, 1967 was a part of the Peace & Freedom Party Benefit Dance.
5. The concert on December 26, 1967 was a part of the 2nd Annual Grope For Peace.
6. The concert on March 20, 1968 was a part of the KMPX Strike Fund Benefit.
7. The concert on May 28, 1968 was a part of the Spring Medicine Show: A Benefit for the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic.
8. The concert on May 28, 1968 was a part of The Matrix Benefit.
9. The concert on July 28, 1968 was a part of Stanford Summer Rock.
10. The concert on August 30, 1968 was a part of the Palace Of Fine Arts Festival.
11. The concert on September 2, 1968 was a part of the Sky River Rock Festival and Lighter Than Air Fair.
12. The concert on September 21, 1968 was a part of the Autumn Rock Concert.
13. The concert on September 25, 1968 was a part of the Peace & Freedom Benefit For Cabaret.
14. The concert on November 3, 1968 was a part of the Climax of the Autumnal Equinox.
15. The concert on November 21, 1968 was a part of the L.A.H.S. Fall Concert.
16. The concert on December 1, 1968 was a part of the Delano Benefit Concert.
17. The concert on December 26, 1968 was a part of the Holiday Rock Festival.

Santana Tour (1969–1970)

Santana Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Santana
Start date	January 10, 1969 (1969-01-10)
End date	June 28, 1970 (1970-06-28)
Legs	4
No. of shows	172 in North America 8 in Europe 180 in total
Santana concert chronology
1967–68 performances Santana Tour (1969–70) Abraxas Tour (1970–71)

The Santana Tour was the first concert tour by the American rock band Santana, promoting their self-titled debut album.

History

1969 marked the first year Santana entered the mainstream, thanks to the group's appearance at the Woodstock festival, where drummer Michael Shrieve, aged 20, ^[15] was one of the youngest musicians to play at the festival, and the success of their self-titled debut album. They performed nearly non-stop in the United States during that year, appearing at several large music festivals such as the Texas International Pop Festival and the Altamont Speedway Free Festival. ^[16] During that year, the group's lineup was finalized, Carlos Santana on guitar, percussion, and vocals, David Brown on bass guitar, Gregg Rolie on Hammond organ and lead vocals, Michael Carabello on congas, José Areas on timbales, congas, and trumpet, and Shrieve on drums. In 1970, the group toured Europe (as well as playing at the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music) and they played in Canada for the first time. ^[17]

Live releases

Live material from this tour has appeared on a number of different releases:

• The group's set at the Woodstock festival on August 16, 1969, has appeared on the following releases:
  • The group's entire set was released on the 2008 box set The Woodstock Experience .
  • The group's whole set at the festival (minus "Evil Ways") was released on the 2004 Legacy Edition of Santana .
  • "Savor", "Soul Sacrifice", and "Fried Neck Bones and Some Homefries" was released on the 1998 reissue of Santana.
  • "Persuasion" and "Soul Sacrifice" was released on the 1988 compilation album Viva Santana! .
  • "Soul Sacrifice" saw release on the 1988 video Viva Santana! An Intimate Conversation With Carlos Santana. Additionally, the same song was released on the 1995 box set Dance of the Rainbow Serpent , the 1970 live album Woodstock: Music from the Original Soundtrack and More , and the 1970 film Woodstock .
• "Incident at Neshabur", "Soul Sacrifice", and "A Super Jam!" (with the Grateful Dead and Jefferson Airplane) from the show on February 4, 1970, was released on the 2005 video A Night at the Family Dog. Plus, "Incident at Neshabur" was released on the video Viva Santana! An Intimate Conversation With Carlos Santana.
• The band's performance in London on April 18, 1970, has appeared on the following releases:
  • "Se a Cabo", "Toussaint L'Overture", "Black Magic Woman", and "Gypsy Queen" were released on the 1998 remastered edition of Abraxas .
  • "Gumbo" and "Soul Sacrifice" were released on the 2001 video Legends of Rock: Live in Concert at the Royal Albert Hall.
• "Gumbo", "Savor", and "Jin-go-lo-ba" from the band's performance at the Kralingen Music Festival in the Netherlands was released on the 1971 film Stamping Ground and the live album of the same name.

Tour band

• Gregg Rolie – lead vocals, Hammond organ, piano, percussion
• Carlos Santana – guitar, percussion, backing vocals
• David Brown – bass guitar
• Bob "Doc" Livingston – drums (through March 15, 1969)
• Johnny Rae – drums (from March 21, 1969, to April 5, 1969) ^[18]
• Michael Shrieve – drums (beginning April 1969) ^{[19] [20]}
• Marcus Malone – congas, percussion (through January 17, 1969) ^[21]
• Michael Carabello – congas, percussion (beginning February 11, 1969) ^[21]
• José Areas – timbales, congas, percussion, trumpet (beginning May 3, 1969) ^{[22] [23]}

Typical set lists

January 1969–April 1970: North American tour

Known as the Santana Blues Band up around March 1969, the band performed extensively during this tour, playing at mostly high schools, colleges, clubs, small music venues, fairgrounds, and large rock festivals such as Woodstock throughout. The tour began at January 10, 1969, at The TNT in Olympic Valley, California and ended on April 12, 1970, at the Fillmore East in New York City. A typical set list from 1969 was as follows (all songs written by the members of Santana unless specified otherwise). ^[24]

1. "Waiting" (Carlos Santana)
2. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
3. "Savor"
4. "Treat"
5. "You Just Don't Care"
6. "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Babatunde Olatunji)
7. "Persuasion"
8. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Gregg Rolie, David Brown, Marcus Malone)

A typical set list from 1970 (all songs written by the members of Santana unless specified otherwise) was as follows (actual set list taken from the first or second show on April 12): ^[25]

1. "Se Acabó" (José Areas)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
4. "Savor"
5. "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Olatunji)
6. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
7. "Hope You're Feeling Better" (Rolie)
8. "Toussaint L'Overture"
9. "Evil Ways" (Henry)
10. "Persuasion"
11. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)
12. "Treat"

April 1970: One show in England

On April 18, 1970, the band did one show in England for The Sound of the Seventies festival at the Royal Albert Hall in London, their first show in Europe and their first show outside North America. These are the songs known to have been performed there are (all songs written by the members of Santana unless specified otherwise): ^[26]

1. "Se Acabó" (Areas)
2. "Toussaint L'Overture"
3. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
4. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
5. "Gumbo" (Santana, Rolie)
6. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)

April–June 1970: Second North American tour

A short North American tour followed the gig in England, lasting from April 24, 1970, at the Memorial Hall in Allentown, Pennsylvania and ending on June 13, 1970, at the Capitol Theatre in Port Chester, New York. Taken from the show on May 22 at the Waikiki Shell in Honolulu, a typical set list from this tour was as follows (all songs written by the members of Santana unless specified otherwise): ^[27]

1. "Se Acabó" (Areas)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
4. "Savor"
5. "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Olatunji)
6. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
7. "Toussaint L'Overture"
8. "Evil Ways" (Henry)
9. "Treat"
10. "Gumbo" (Santana, Rolie)
11. "Waiting" (Santana)
12. "Hope You're Feeling Better" (Rolie)
13. "Conquistadore Rides Again" (Chico Hamilton)

June 1970: European tour

The group embarked on a short, 8-date European tour in June 1970, which commenced on June 16, 1970, at the Royal Albert Hall in London, England and concluded on June 28, 1970, at the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music at the Royal Bath and West Showground in Shepton Mallet, England. This set list is representative of the show on June 28. ^[28] It does not represent all concerts for the duration of the tour.

All songs written by the members of Santana unless specified otherwise.

1. "Se Acabó" (Areas)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
4. "Savor"
5. "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Olatunji)
6. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
7. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
8. "Toussaint L'Overture"
9. "Evil Ways" (Henry)
10. "Persuasion"
11. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)
12. "Gumbo" (Santana, Rolie)

Tour dates

North American leg (January 10, 1969 – April 12, 1970)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
January 10, 1969	Olympic Valley	United States	The TNT
January 11, 1969
January 17, 1969	Santa Barbara		Robertson Gymnasium
February 11, 1969	Woodside		Woodside High School Gymnasium
February 13, 1969	San Francisco		Fillmore West
February 14, 1969
February 15, 1969
February 16, 1969
February 21, 1969	Santa Barbara		Earl Warren Showgrounds
February 25, 1969	San Francisco		Fillmore West
February 28, 1969	Vallejo		The Dream Bowl
March 1, 1969
March 1, 1969	Santa Barbara		Earl Warren Showgrounds
March 7, 1969	San Jose		James Lick High School
March 8, 1969	Fremont		Washington High School
March 12, 1969	San Francisco		Avalon Ballroom
March 14, 1969	San Jose		Santa Clara County Fairgrounds
March 15, 1969	Pleasant Hill		Diablo Valley College Gym
March 21, 1969	San Francisco		Avalon Ballroom
March 22, 1969
March 23, 1969
March 26, 1969 [lower-alpha 1]
March 28, 1969	San Mateo		CSM Gym
March 29, 1969	Las Vegas		Las Vegas Ice Palace
April 1, 1969	Walnut Creek		Las Lomas High School
April 3, 1969 [lower-alpha 2]	San Jose		Santa Clara County Fairgrounds
April 4, 1969 [lower-alpha 2]
April 5, 1969 [lower-alpha 2]
April 11, 1969	Pasadena		Rose Palace
April 12, 1969
April 18, 1969	San Pablo		Contra Costa College Gym
May 3, 1969	Seattle		Hec Edmundson Pavilion
May 9, 1969	Pasadena		Rose Palace
May 10, 1969 [lower-alpha 3]	Stockton		Pacific Memorial Stadium
May 11, 1969	San Diego		Aztec Bowl
May 15, 1969	San Francisco		Fillmore West
May 16, 1969
May 17, 1969
May 18, 1969
May 24, 1969 [lower-alpha 4]	San Jose		Santa Clara County Fairgrounds
May 25, 1969 [lower-alpha 4]
May 28, 1969 [lower-alpha 5]	San Francisco		Winterland Ballroom
May 29, 1969 [lower-alpha 6]	Fresno		Exhibit Hall
May 30, 1969 [lower-alpha 7]	Merced		Merced County Fairgrounds
June 10, 1969 [lower-alpha 8]	Palo Alto		Palo Alto High School
June 14, 1969	South Lake Tahoe		The Fun House
June 20, 1969	San Francisco		Fillmore West
June 21, 1969 (2 shows)	Salt Lake City		Terrace Ballroom
June 28, 1969	San Diego		San Diego International Sports Center
July 3, 1969	South Lake Tahoe		The Fun House
July 4, 1969
July 5, 1969
July 11, 1969	San Francisco		Fillmore West
July 12, 1969
July 13, 1969
July 19, 1969	Monterey		Monterey Peninsula College Gymnasium
July 21, 1969	Concord		Concord Armory
July 25, 1969 [lower-alpha 9]	Woodinville		Gold Creek Park
July 26, 1969 [lower-alpha 9]
July 30, 1969 [lower-alpha 10]	Los Angeles		The Century Plaza Hotel
August 1, 1969	New York City		Fillmore East
August 2, 1969
August 3, 1969 [lower-alpha 11]	Hamilton Township		Atlantic City Race Track
August 8, 1969 [lower-alpha 12]	Queens		New York State Pavilion
August 9, 1969 [lower-alpha 12]
August 10, 1969	New York City	Sheep Meadow
August 11, 1969	Stony Brook	Stony Brook Student Activities Center
August 16, 1969 [lower-alpha 13]	Bethel	Yasgur Farms
August 18, 1969	Philadelphia	Electric Factory
August 19, 1969
August 21, 1969	Boston	Boston Tea Party
August 22, 1969
August 23, 1969
August 29, 1969	Philadelphia	The Main Point
August 31, 1969 [lower-alpha 14]	Lewisville	Dallas International Motor Speedway
September 1, 1969 [lower-alpha 15]	Prairieville	Louisiana International Speedway
September 3, 1969	Grand Rapids	Civic Auditorium
September 4, 1969	San Francisco	Fillmore West
September 5, 1969
September 6, 1969
September 7, 1969
September 9, 1969	St. Louis	N/A
September 10, 1969	Kansas City
September 11, 1969	Omaha
September 13, 1969	Sacramento	Sacramento Memorial Auditorium
September 20, 1969	Los Angeles	Hollywood Bowl
September 26, 1969	San Jose	Santa Clara County Fairgrounds
September 27, 1969	Santa Rosa	Santa Rosa Fairgrounds
October 1, 1969	Oakland	Oakland Civic Auditorium
	San Francisco	Fillmore West
October 2, 1969
October 3, 1969		Winterland Ballroom
October 4, 1969
October 4, 1969 [lower-alpha 16]	Amador County	Lake Amador
October 9, 1969	Hayward	Pioneer Gym
October 10, 1969	Fresno	Exhibit Hall
October 11, 1969	Cincinnati	Xavier University Fieldhouse
October 16, 1969	Minneapolis	New City Opera House
October 17, 1969	Chicago	Kinetic Playground
October 18, 1969
October 19, 1969
October 21, 1969 (2 shows)	Cincinnati	Ludlow Garage
October 22, 1969
October 24, 1969	Detroit	Eastown Theatre
October 25, 1969
October 31, 1969 [lower-alpha 17]	Philadelphia	Philadelphia Convention Hall and Civic Center
November 1, 1969 [lower-alpha 17]
November 2, 1969	Pittsburgh	Civic Arena
November 7, 1969 (2 shows)	New York City	Fillmore East
November 8, 1969 (2 shows)
November 9, 1969	Washington, D.C.	N/A
November 13, 1969	Cambridge	The Ark
November 14, 1969
November 15, 1969
November 16, 1969	Rindge	Franklin Pierce College
November 21, 1969	Detroit	Eastown Theatre
November 22, 1969
November 23, 1969 (2 shows)	Milwaukee	Captain Frederick Pabst Theater
November 26, 1969	Denver	Denver Coliseum
November 27, 1969	Salt Lake City	Salt Palace
November 28, 1969	Dallas	Dallas Memorial Auditorium
November 29, 1969	Phoenix	Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum
December 6, 1969 [lower-alpha 18]	Tracy	Altamont Speedway
December 18, 1969	San Francisco	Winterland Ballroom
December 19, 1969
December 20, 1969
December 21, 1969
December 27, 1969 [lower-alpha 19]	Pembroke Pines	Miami-Hollywood Motorsports Park
December 29, 1969 [lower-alpha 19]
December 31, 1969	San Francisco	Fillmore West
January 16, 1970 (2 shows)	New York City	Fillmore East
January 17, 1970 (2 shows)
February 4, 1970	San Francisco	Family Dog on the Great Highway
February 6, 1970 [lower-alpha 20]	Berkeley	Berkeley Community Theatre
February 23, 1970	San Francisco	Winterland Ballroom
February 26, 1970	Fresno	Selland Arena
February 27, 1970	Ventura	Ventura College
February 28, 1970 (2 shows)	Santa Monica	Santa Monica Civic Auditorium
March 6, 1970 (2 shows)	Reno	University of Nevada Gym
March 7, 1970	San Jose	Santa Clara County Fairgrounds
March 13, 1970	Lancaster	Mayser Center
March 14, 1970	Philadelphia	Electric Factory
March 15, 1970 (2 shows)	Boston	Boston Tea Party
March 19, 1070	Atlanta	Municipal Auditorium
March 21, 1970	Tampa	Curtis Hixon Hall
March 29, 1970	Vancouver	Canada	PNE Agrodome
April 10, 1970 (2 shows)	New York City	United States	Fillmore East
April 11, 1970 (2 shows)
April 12, 1970 (2 shows)

U.K. show (April 18, 1970)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
April 18, 1970 [lower-alpha 21]	London	England	Royal Albert Hall

North American leg (April 24 – June 13, 1970)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
April 24, 1970	Allentown	United States	Memorial Hall
April 26, 1970 [lower-alpha 22]	Kingston		Frank W. Keaney Gymnasium
May 15, 1970	Cleveland		Allen Theatre
May 16, 1970 (2 shows)	Toronto	Canada	Massey Hall
May 22, 1970	Honolulu	United States	Waikiki Shell
May 23, 1970
June 11, 1970	Philadelphia		Spectrum
June 12, 1970	Port Chester		Capitol Theatre
June 13, 1970 (2 shows)

European leg (June 16–28, 1970)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
June 16, 1970	London	England	Royal Albert Hall
June 19, 1970			Lyceum Ballroom
June 20, 1970 [lower-alpha 23]	Montreux	Switzerland	Montreux Casino
June 21, 1970	Hamburg	West Germany	N/A
June 23, 1970	Copenhagen	Denmark	Tivolis Koncertsal
June 26, 1970 [lower-alpha 24]	Rotterdam	Netherlands	Kralingse Bos
June 28, 1970 [lower-alpha 25]	Shepton Mallet	England	Royal Bath and West Showground

Notes

1. The concert on March 26, 1969 was a part of Rockarama!!! 5 Days of Music at the Avalon Ballroom.
2. The concerts on April 3–5, 1969 were a part of the Teen Expo '69.
3. The concert on May 10, 1969 was a part of the Pacific Pop Festival.
4. The concerts on May 24–25, 1969 were a part of the Northern California Folk-Rock Festival II.
5. The concert on May 28, 1969 was a part of the People's Park Bail Ball.
6. The concert on May 29, 1969 was a part of the Sounds of the City.
7. The concert on May 30, 1969 was a part of the Memorial Day Rock Festival.
8. The concert on June 10, 1969 was a part of the Palo Alto High School's graduation dance.
9. The concerts on July 25–26, 1969 were a part of the Seattle Pop Festival.
10. The concert on July 30, 1969 was a part of the CBS Convention.
11. The concert on August 3, 1969 was a part of the Atlantic City Pop Festival.
12. The concerts on August 8–9, 1969 were a part of the Singer Bowl Music Festival.
13. The concert on August 16, 1969 was a part of the Woodstock Music & Arts Fair.
14. The concert on August 31, 1969 was a part of the Texas International Pop Festival.
15. The concert on September 1, 1969 was a part of the New Orleans Pop Festival.
16. The second concert on October 4, 1969 was a part of the Gold Rush Festival.
17. The concerts on October 31–November 1, 1969 was a part of the 3rd Annual Quaker City Rock Festival.
18. The concert on December 6, 1969 was a part of the Altamont Speedway Free Festival.
19. The concerts on December 27 and 29, 1969 were a part of the Miami Rock Festival.
20. The concert on February 6, 1970 was a part of the Black Panther Party Legal Defense Fund Benefit.
21. The concert on April 18, 1970 was a part of The Sound of the Seventies.
22. The concert on April 26, 1970 was a part of the Gansett Tribal Rock Festival.
23. The concert on June 20, 1970 was a part of the Montreux Jazz Festival.
24. The concert on June 26, 1970 was a part of the Kralingen Music Festival.
25. The concert on June 28, 1970 was a part of the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music '70.

Abraxas Tour (1970–1971)

Abraxas Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Abraxas
Start date	August 4, 1970 (1970-08-04)
End date	May 9, 1971 (1971-05-09)
Legs	4
No. of shows	44 in North America 16 in Europe 1 in Africa 61 in total
Santana concert chronology
Santana Tour (1969–1970) Abraxas Tour (1970–71) Santana III Tour (1971)

The Abraxas Tour was the second concert tour by American rock band Santana.

History

This tour was the first of two to feature guitarist Neal Schon. Schon joined the group in December 1970 after declining an invitation to be a part of Derek and the Dominos. ^{[29] [30]} The band now boasted a powerful dual-lead-guitar act that gave their music a tougher sound. In January 1971, drugs were becoming a problem in the group, so Carlos Santana spoke to Michael Carabello about this problem, but it would be a long time before they fixed it. ^{[31] [32]} Around the same time, José Areas was stricken with a near-fatal brain hemorrhage, and Santana hoped to continue by finding a temporary replacement (Willie Bobo played with the group for the sole African concert), ^[33] while others in the band, especially Michael Carabello, felt it was wrong to perform publicly without Areas. Cliques formed, and the band started to disintegrate. In March 1971, Coke Escovedo joined the group, ^{[34] [35]} and these problems plagued the group into the start of the next tour.

Live releases

Live material from this tour has appeared on a number of different releases:

• "Toussaint L'Overture" and "Evil Ways" from the concert on August 18, 1970, in Lenox, Massachusetts were released on the 1988 video Viva Santana! An Intimate Conversation With Carlos Santana.
• "Jungle Strut", "Waiting", "Black Magic Woman", and "Gypsy Queen" from the show on March 6, 1971, in Ghana were released on the 1971 film Soul to Soul .

Reception

Billboard described one of the band's shows on August 10, 1970, at the Fillmore East in New York City as "exciting." ^[36]

Tour band

• Gregg Rolie – lead vocals, Hammond organ, piano, percussion
• Carlos Santana – guitar, percussion, vocals
• Neal Schon – guitar
• David Brown – bass guitar
• Michael Shrieve – drums
• Michael Carabello – percussion, vocals
• José ”Chepito” Areas – timbales, congas, percussion, trumpet (on all dates but March 6, 1971)
• Willie Bobo – percussion (on March 6, 1971)
• Coke Escovedo – timbales, percussion (beginning on March 20, 1971)

Typical set lists

This is a usual set list of the group's concerts in 1970 (actual set list taken from the August 18 Lenox show): ^[37]

All songs written by the members of Santana unless otherwise specified.

1. "Batuka" (José Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve)
2. "Se Acabó" (Areas)
3. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
4. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
5. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
6. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Carlos Santana)
7. "Toussaint L'Overture"
8. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
9. "Hope You're Feeling Better" (Rolie)
10. "Treat"
11. "Savor"
12. "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Babatunde Olatunji
13. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)
14. "Gumbo" (Santana, Rolie)
15. "Persuasion"

This is an average set list of the group's performances in 1971 (actual set list taken from the March 23 Inglewood show): ^[38]

1. "Waiting"
2. "Ballin'" (Carlos Santana, Gregg Rolie)
3. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
4. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
5. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
6. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
7. "Toussaint L'Overture"
8. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
9. "Incident at Neshabur" (Gianquinto, Santana)
10. "Jungle Strut" (Gene Ammons)
11. "Everybody's Everything" (Santana, Milton Brown, Tyrone Moss)
12. "Gumbo" (Santana, Rolie)
13. "Black Magic Woman (Reprise)" (Green)
14. "Oye Como Va (Reprise)" (Puente)
15. "Guajira" (José Areas, David Brown, Rico Reyes)

Tour dates

North American leg (August 4, 1970 – January 1, 1971)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
August 4, 1970	San Francisco	United States	The Matrix
August 10, 1970 (2 shows)	New York City		Fillmore East
August 11, 1970 (2 shows)
August 12, 1970 (2 shows)
August 14, 1970	Baltimore		Baltimore Civic Center
August 15, 1970 (2 shows)	Stony Brook		Stony Brook Student Activities Center
August 18, 1970	Lenox		Tanglewood Music Shed
September 9, 1970	San Diego		Community Concourse
September 10, 1970	San Francisco		Fillmore West
September 11, 1970
September 12, 1970
September 13, 1970
September 16, 1970	Denver		Mammoth Gardens
September 17, 1970
September 18, 1970	Salt Lake City		Salt Palace
September 19, 1970	Phoenix		Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum
September 20, 1970	San Bernardino		Swing Auditorium
September 24, 1970	Oklahoma City		Oklahoma City University
September 25, 1970	Houston		Houston Music Hall
September 26, 1970	San Antonio		HemisFair Arena
September 27, 1970	Fort Worth		Will Rogers Memorial Center
October 8, 1970	Nazareth		Nazareth National Speedway
October 9, 1970	Troy		RPI Field House
October 10, 1970 (2 shows)	Providence		Rhode Island Auditorium
October 11, 1970	Chestnut Hill		Roberts Center
October 14, 1970 (2 shows)	Port Chester		Capitol Theatre
October 17, 1970	Coral Gables		University of Miami
October 21, 1970	San Francisco		The Matrix
January 1, 1971 [lower-alpha 1]	Honolulu		Diamond Head

Ghanaian show (March 6, 1971)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
March 6, 1971 [lower-alpha 2]	Accra	Ghana	Black Star Square

U.S. leg (March 20 – April 3, 1971)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
March 20, 1971	Sacramento	United States	California Exposition
March 22, 1971	Inglewood		The Forum
March 23, 1971
March 26, 1971	San Francisco		Winterland Ballroom
March 27, 1971
March 28, 1971
April 1, 1971	New York City		Fillmore East
April 2, 1971
April 3, 1971

European leg (April 14 – May 9, 1971)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
April 14, 1971	Copenhagen	Denmark	K.B. Hallen
April 16, 1971	Stockholm	Sweden	Stockholm Concert Hall
April 18, 1971	Rotterdam	Netherlands	Sportpaleis
April 19, 1971	Frankfurt	West Germany	Jahrhunderthalle
April 20, 1971	Munich		Circus Krone Building
April 23, 1971	Hamburg		N/A
April 24, 1971	Paris	France	L'Olympia Bruno Coquatrix
April 25, 1971
April 27, 1971	Milan	Italy	Palazzetto Lido Sport
April 28, 1971	Rome		N/A
April 29, 1971
May 1, 1971 (2 shows) [lower-alpha 3]	Montreux	Switzerland	Montreux Casino
May 8, 1971	London	England	Hammersmith Odeon
May 9, 1971

Notes

1. The concert on January 1, 1971 was a part of the Sunshine '71 Festival.
2. The concert on March 6, 1971 was a part of Soul to Soul.
3. The concert on May 1, 1971 was a part of the Montreux Jazz Festival.

Santana III Tour (1971)

Santana III Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Santana
Start date	June 10, 1971 (1971-06-10)
End date	December 6, 1971 (1971-12-06)
Legs	3 (4 scheduled)
No. of shows	42 (43 scheduled)
Santana concert chronology
Abraxas Tour (1970–71) Santana III Tour (1971) Caravanserai Tour (1972–73)

The Santana III Tour was the third concert tour by American rock band Santana in 1971, supporting their album Santana , commonly known as Santana III.

History

This tour was a rather unfavorable one for Santana. Due to David Brown's severe heroin use, he was replaced by Tom Rutley in August. ^{[39] [40]} In late September, due to an argument, the group toured without Carlos Santana, ^[41] which Santana dismissed the group minus him as a "Santana tribute". ^{[42] [43]} In mid-October, Santana returned to the band, and Michael Carabello was taken out of the group. Santana returned because during a series of shows in New York City, the group was booed because Santana wasn't playing with them. ^[44] An audience member from one of these shows, Mingo Lewis was chosen to play with the group in the meantime. ^[45]

A South American tour was cut short in Lima, Peru in December. The group was supposed to perform on December 11 at the Estadio Universidad Nacional Mayor San Marcos in Lima, but they were deported back to the United States due to student protests against U.S. governmental policies. ^[46] Even if around five million soles were sold in tickets, the concert was cancelled and its cancellation was announced on December 10 by the Minister of the Interior. ^[47]

Live releases

Live material from this tour that has seen release all comes from the group's performance at the Fillmore West in San Francisco on July 4 and has appeared on the following:

• "Incident at Neshabur" was released on the 1988 compilation album Viva Santana! .
• "Incident at Neshabur" and "In a Silent Way" was released on the 1972 live album Fillmore: The Last Days and the 1972 film Fillmore .
• "In a Silent Way" was released on the 1995 box set Dance of the Rainbow Serpent .
• "Toussaint L'Overture" was released on the 1999 compilation album Rare Rock Tracks (11 Previously Unreleased Performances).
• The group's entire set minis "Soul Sacrifice" was released on the 2006 Legacy Edition of Santana III.

Tour band

• Gregg Rolie – lead vocals, Hammond organ, piano, percussion
• Carlos Santana – guitar, percussion, vocals (from June 10 to September 24, returning mid-October)
• Neal Schon – guitar
• Michael Shrieve – drums
• David Brown – bass guitar (through July 18)
• Tom Rutley – bass guitar (beginning September 16)
• José ”Chepito” Areas – timbales, congas, percussion, trumpet
• Michael Carabello – congas, percussion, vocals (through July 18)
• Coke Escovedo – timbales, percussion (through October 12)
• James ”Mingo” Lewis – congas, percussion (beginning mid-October)

Set list

This is a usual set list of this tour (actual set list taken from the September 28 Denver show): ^[48]

1. "Batuka" (José Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve)
2. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Coke Escovedo, Rolie, Willie Bobo, Melvin Lastie)
3. "Taboo" (Areas, Rolie)
4. "Se Acabó" (Areas)
5. "Waiting" (Carlos Santana)
6. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
7. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
8. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
9. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
10. "In a Silent Way" (Joe Zawinul)
11. "Marbles" (John McLaughlin)
12. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
13. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
14. "Para los Rumberos" (Puente)
15. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)

Tour dates

U.S. leg (June 10 – September 18)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1971)	City	Country	Venue
June 10	Louisville	United States	Kentucky Exposition Center
June 11	Milwaukee		Milwaukee Auditorium
June 12	Indianapolis		Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum
June 13 (2 shows)	Chicago		International Amphitheatre
July 4	San Francisco		Fillmore West
July 18	Stanford		Laurence Frost Amphitheater
September 16	Spokane		Spokane Coliseum
September 17	Seattle		Seattle Center Coliseum
September 18

Brazilian show (September 24)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1971)	City	Country	Venue
September 24	Rio de Janeiro	Brazil	Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro

North American leg (September 28 – December 6)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1971)	City	Country	Venue
September 28	Denver	United States	Denver Coliseum
September 29
September 30
October 1	Cincinnati		Cincinnati Gardens
October 2	Cleveland		Public Auditorium
October 4	Detroit		Detroit Olympia
October 5	Toronto	Canada	Massey Hall
October 7	Buffalo	United States	N/A
October 8	Syracuse		Onondaga County War Memorial
October 11	Boston		Boston Garden
October 12	Washington, D.C.		D.C. Armory
October 14	New York City		Felt Forum
October 15 (2 shows)
October 16 (2 shows)
October 18	Syracuse		Onondaga County War Memorial
October 21	Greensboro		Greensboro Memorial Coliseum
October 22	Richmond		Richmond Coliseum
October 23	Baltimore		N/A
October 24	N/A
October 25	Philadelphia		Spectrum
October 27	Pembroke Pines		Hollywood Sportatorium
October 28
October 31	San Juan	Puerto Rico	Hiram Bithorn Stadium
November 5	San Diego	San Diego Sports Arena
November 6 (2 shows)	Fresno	Selland Arena
December 5	Honolulu	Honolulu International Center
December 6

Canceled South American leg (December 11)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1971)	City	Country	Venue
December 11	Lima	Peru	Stadium of the National University of San Marcos

Box office score data

List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references

Date (1971)	City	Venue	Attendance	Gross	Ref(s)
October 14	New York City, United States	Felt Forum	22,350	$122,959	[49]
October 15 (2 shows)					[49]
October 16 (2 shows)					[49]

Caravanserai Tour (1972–1973)

Main article: Caravanserai Tour

The Caravanserai Tour was a series of performances by American Latin rock band Santana in support of their album Caravanserai during 1972 and 1973. It started on September 4, 1972, at the Erie Canal Soda Pop Festival in Griffin, Indiana, and ended on October 21, 1973, at Ginasio Municipal Novo in Brasília, Brazil. This tour could be considered to be the group's most eclectic tour at this point, as the band did concerts at every continent except Africa and Antarctica, including one of the first, if not the first, tours of Latin America by a major American rock act. ^[50]

The tour was the first and only tour to feature the group's second lineup, "The New Santana Band", consisting of guitarist Carlos Santana, percussionists Armando Peraza and José Areas, bassist Doug Rauch, drummer Michael Shrieve, and Tom Coster and Richard Kermode on keyboards. The group often performed material from Caravanserai along with other improvisations and covers.

Some concerts were recorded and filmed and released as albums and films. The shows on July 3 and 4, 1973 at the Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan in Osaka, Japan were released as the triple vinyl LP Lotus (1974). Select concerts during the tour's Latin American portion were filmed and incorporated into the documentary, Santana en Colores (1973).

Welcome Tour (1973–1974)

Main article: Welcome Tour

The Welcome Tour was a concert tour by Santana promoting their album, Welcome . The tour began on November 13, 1973, at Colston Hall in Bristol, England and ended on October 29, 1974, at the William P. Cole, Jr. Student Activities Building in College Park, Maryland.

Borboletta Tour (1974–1975)

Borboletta Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Borboletta
Start date	November 16, 1974 (1974-11-16)
End date	December 31, 1975 (1975-12-31)
Legs	5
No. of shows	67 in North America 38 in Europe 16 in Asia 121 in total
Santana concert chronology
Welcome Tour (1973–74) Borboletta Tour (1974–75) Pacific Tour '76 (1976)

The Borboletta Tour was the sixth concert tour by American rock band Santana in 1974 and 1975 in support of their album Borboletta .

History

After a performance in Honolulu, Hawaii, Santana toured Japan in November–December 1974. After the conclusion of the Japanese tour, the group performed extensively in North America from March to September 1975 with Eric Clapton and his band. Then, the band toured with Earth, Wind & Fire in Europe. ^[51] The European tour is notable as the group played two shows in Yugoslavia on October 4 and 5, 1975, their first performances behind the Iron Curtain.

The singer of the opening act for the show at the Beacon Theatre in New York City on April 11, 1975, Alex Ligertwood of Tone, influenced Carlos Santana to enroll him into Santana in 1979 because he was enamored by his performance. ^{[52] [53]}

Tour band

• Leon Patillo – lead vocals, piano, organ (through November 15, 1975)
• Greg Walker – lead vocals, percussion (beginning December 4, 1975)
• Carlos Santana – guitar, percussion, vocals
• Tom Coster – Yamaha organ, Hammond organ, Minimoog, electric piano, percussion, vocals
• David Brown – bass guitar
• Leon "Ndugu" Chancler – drums
• Armando Peraza – congas, percussion
• Jules Broussard - saxophone, flute

Typical set lists

November–December 1974: Asian tour

After a show in Hawaii, the group embarked on 16-date tour of Japan, starting on November 23, 1974, at Kanazawa City Tourism Center in Kanazawa, and ending on December 14, 1974, in Fukuoka Kyuden Kinen Gymnasium in Fukuoka. This is a usual set list for this leg (actual set list taken from the December 3 Yokohama show): ^[54]

1. "Going Home" (Anton Dvorák; arranged by Alice Coltrane, Carlos Santana, Tom Coster, Richard Kermode, Doug Rauch, Michael Shrieve, José Areas, Armando Peraza)
2. "A-1 Funk" (Santana, Coster, Kermode, Rauch, Shrieve, Areas, Peraza)
3. "Every Step of the Way" (Shrieve)
4. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
5. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
6. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
7. "Mirage" (Leon Patillo)
8. "Just in Time to See the Sun" (Gregg Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
9. "Bambele" (Areas, Peraza)
10. "Xibaba (She-Ba-Ba)" (Airto Moreira)
11. "Give and Take" (Santana, Coster, Shrieve)
12. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
13. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, David Brown, Marcus Malone)
14. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
15. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Michael Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
16. "Toussaint L'Ouverture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)

March–September 1975: First North American tour

This tour began on March 23, 1975, with a benefit concert for the San Francisco school system at Kezar Stadium before at least 60,000 people, ^[55] and stopped on September 1, 1975, at Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum in Oakland, California. A common set list for this tour was as follows (actual set list from the early May 29 Toronto concert): ^[56]

1. "Incident at Neshabur" (Gianquinto, Santana)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
4. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
5. "Let the Music Set You Free" (Coster, Patillo, David Rubinson, Santana)
6. "Time Waits for No One" (Mick Jagger, Keith Richards)
7. "Give and Take" (Santana, Coster, Shrieve)
8. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
9. "Mirage" (Leon Patillo)
10. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Michael Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
11. "Toussaint L'Ouverture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
12. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)

September–October 1975: European tour

This tour lasted from September 5, 1975, at the Birmingham Hippodrome in Birmingham, England to October 13, 1975, at the Pavillon de Paris in Paris, France. The most complete set list of this leg is from September 14 at the [Palace Manchester] in Manchester, England. ^[57]

1. "Incident at Neshabur" (Gianquinto, Santana)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
4. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
5. "Let the Music Set You Free" (Coster, Patillo, David Rubinson, Santana)
6. "Time Waits for No One" (Mick Jagger, Keith Richards)
7. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
8. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Michael Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
9. "Toussaint L'Ouverture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
10. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)

November–December 1975: Second North American tour

This brief tour of the United States commenced on November 14, 1975, at San Francisco's Winterland Ballroom and concluded on December 31, 1975, at the Cow Palace in Daly City, California. The only set list of this tour available is the New Year's Eve gig. ^[58]

1. "Incident at Neshabur" (Gianquinto, Santana)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
4. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
5. "Tell Me Are You Tired" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Coster)
6. "Time Waits for No One" (Jagger, Richards)
7. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
8. "Give and Take" (Santana, Coster, Shrieve)
9. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Michael Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
10. "Toussaint L'Ouverture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
11. "Let Me" (Coster, Santana)
12. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)

Tour dates

North American show (November 16, 1974)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
November 16, 1974	Honolulu	United States	Honolulu International Center

Japanese leg (November 23 – December 14, 1974)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
November 23, 1974	Kanazawa	Japan	Kanazawa City Tourism Center
November 25, 1974	Niigata		Niigata Prefectural Civic Center
November 26, 1974	Akita		Akita Prefectural Hall
November 29, 1974	Sapporo		Hokkaido Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
November 30, 1974
December 3, 1974	Yokohama		Yokohama Cultural Gymnasium
December 5, 1974	Nagoya		Nagoya Civic Assembly Hall
December 6, 1974	Wakayama		Wakayama Prefecture Cultural Hall
December 7, 1974	Osaka		Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
December 8, 1974	Tokyo		Shibuya Public Hall
December 9, 1974			Nippon Budokan
December 10, 1974
December 11, 1974	Kyoto		Kyoto Kaikan
December 12, 1974	Osaka		Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
December 13, 1974	Hiroshima		Hiroshima Prefectural Sports Center
December 14, 1974	Fukuoka		Fukuoka Kyuden Kinen Gymnasium

North American leg (March 23 – September 1, 1975)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
March 23, 1975 [lower-alpha 1]	San Francisco	United States	Kezar Stadium
April 1, 1975	Santa Monica		Santa Monica Civic Auditorium
April 3, 1975	Watsonville		Santa Cruz County Fairgrounds
April 4, 1975	San Jose		San Jose Center for the Performing Arts
April 5, 1975	San Luis Obispo		Mustang Stadium
April 6, 1975	San Diego		San Diego Sports Arena
April 10, 1975	Buffalo		Kleinhans Music Hall
April 11, 1975	New York City		Beacon Theatre
April 12, 1975	Hempstead		Calderone Concert Hall
April 15, 1975	Columbus		Veterans Memorial Auditorium
April 16, 1975	Indianapolis		Indiana Convention Center
April 18, 1975	Notre Dame		Athletic & Convocation Center
April 19, 1975	Louisville		Louisville Gardens
April 20, 1975	Cincinnati		Armory Fieldhouse
April 21, 1975	Harrisonburg		Godwin Hall
April 23, 1975	Hamilton		Cotterell Court
April 24, 1975	Lewisburg		Davis Gymnasium
April 25, 1975	Roanoke		Roanoke Civic Center
April 26, 1975	Clemson		Littlejohn Coliseum
April 27, 1975	Asheville		Asheville Civic Center Arena
May 25, 1975	Ypsilanti		Rynearson Stadium
May 29, 1975 (2 shows)	Toronto	Canada	Massey Hall
June 1, 1975	London		London Gardens
June 4, 1975	Moncton		Moncton Coliseum
June 14, 1975	Tampa	United States	Tampa Stadium
June 15, 1975	Jacksonville		Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Coliseum
June 17, 1975	Mobile		Mobile Municipal Auditorium
June 18, 1975	Memphis		Mid-South Coliseum
June 19, 1975	Knoxville		General James White Memorial Civic Coliseum
June 20, 1975	Charlotte		Charlotte Coliseum
June 21, 1975	Cincinnati		Cincinnati Gardens
June 23, 1975	Niagara Falls		Niagara Falls International Convention Center
June 24, 1975	Springfield		Springfield Civic Center
June 25, 1975	Providence		Providence Civic Center
June 26, 1975	Saratoga Springs		Saratoga Performing Arts Center
June 29, 1975	New Haven		New Haven Veterans Memorial Coliseum
June 30, 1975	Pittsburgh		Civic Arena
July 1, 1975	Detroit		Olympia Stadium
July 3, 1975	Baltimore		Memorial Stadium
July 4, 1975	Cleveland		Richfield Coliseum
July 5, 1975	Chicago		Chicago Stadium
July 7, 1975	Bloomington		Metropolitan Sports Center
July 8, 1975	Madison		Dane County Coliseum
July 10, 1975	Kansas City		Municipal Auditorium
July 11, 1975	St. Louis		Kiel Auditorium
August 3, 1975	Vancouver	Canada	Pacific Coliseum
August 4, 1975	Portland	United States	Veterans Memorial Coliseum
August 5, 1975	Seattle		Seattle Center Coliseum
August 6, 1975	Spokane		Spokane Coliseum
August 9, 1975	Stanford		Frost Amphitheater
August 11, 1975	Salt Lake City		Salt Palace
August 12, 1975	Denver		Denver Coliseum
August 14, 1975	Inglewood		The Forum
August 15, 1975	San Bernardino		Swing Auditorium
August 16, 1975	San Diego		San Diego Sports Arena
August 17, 1975	Tucson		Tucson Community Center
August 31, 1975	Oakland		Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum
September 1, 1975

European leg (September 5 – October 13, 1975)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
September 5, 1975	Birmingham	England	Birmingham Hippodrome
September 6, 1975 (2 shows)
September 7, 1975 (2 shows)	Cardiff	Wales	Capitol Theatre
September 8, 1975 (2 shows)	Southampton	England	Gaumont Theatre
September 9, 1975 (2 shows)	London		Hammersmith Odeon
September 10, 1975 (2 shows)
September 11, 1975 (2 shows)
September 13, 1975	Liverpool		Liverpool Empire Theatre
September 14, 1975	Manchester		Palace Theatre Manchester
September 15, 1975	Newcastle upon Tyne		Newcastle City Hall
September 16, 1975	Glasgow	Scotland	The Apollo
September 17, 1975
September 20, 1975	Frankfurt	West Germany	Jahrhunderthalle
September 21, 1975	Wiesbaden		Rhein-Main-Hallen
September 22, 1975	Münster		Halle Münsterland
September 23, 1975	Cologne		Sporthalle
September 24, 1975	Düsseldorf		Philips Halle
September 26, 1975	Hamburg		Congress Centrum Hamburg
September 27, 1975	Gothenburg	Sweden	Scandinavium
September 28, 1975	Copenhagen	Denmark	Brøndbyhallen
September 30, 1975	West Berlin	West Germany	Deutschlandhalle
October 2, 1975	Linz	Austria	Linzer Sporthalle
October 3, 1975	Vienna		Wighalle
October 4, 1975	Zagreb	Yugoslavia	Dom Sportova
October 5, 1975	Belgrade		Pionir Hall
October 7, 1975 (2 shows)	Munich	West Germany	Circus Krone Building
October 8, 1975	Basel	Switzerland	St. Jakobshalle
October 9, 1975	Eppelheim	West Germany	Rhein-Neckar-Halle
October 10, 1975	Saarbrücken		Messehalle 10
October 11, 1975	Rotterdam	Netherlands	Rotterdam Ahoy Sportpaleis
October 13, 1975	Paris	France	Pavillon de Paris

U.S. leg (November 14 – December 31, 1975)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
November 14, 1975	San Francisco	United States	Winterland Ballroom
November 15, 1975
December 4, 1975	Medford		Medford Armory
December 5, 1975	Arcata		Humboldt State University
December 6, 1975	Redding		Cascade Theatre
December 7, 1975	Chico		California State University, Chico
December 31, 1975	Daly City		Cow Palace

Notes

1. The concert on March 23, 1975 was a part of the SNACK Benefit. ^[55]

Pacific Tour '76 (1976)

List of Santana live performances

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Amigos
Start date	February 1, 1976 (1976-02-01)
End date	March 17, 1976 (1976-03-17)
Legs	2
No. of shows	21 in Asia 8 in Oceania 29 in total
Santana concert chronology
Borboletta Tour (1974–75) Santana Pacific Tour '76 (1976) Amigos Tour (1976)

Santana Pacific Tour '76 was the seventh concert tour of countries bordering the Pacific Ocean in February and March 1976 by Santana.

Overview

This was a short, five-week tour of countries located in the Southern Hemisphere. It consisted of a tour of Australia and New Zealand and a tour of Japan. The tour began on 1 February 1976 with a performance at Carlaw Park in Auckland, New Zealand and ended on 17 March 1976 with a concert at Tsukisamu Dome in Sapporo, Japan. ^[59] The Oceanic concerts were promoted by Paul Dainty Corporation, ^[60] while the Japanese shows were promoted by Udo Concerts. ^[61]

Tour band

• Greg Walker – lead vocals
• Carlos Santana – electric guitar, Latin percussion, vocals
• Tom Coster – Yamaha organ, Hammond organ, Minimoog, electric piano, keyboards, percussion, vocals
• David Brown – bass guitar
• Leon "Ndugu" Chancler – drums
• Armando Peraza – congas, percussion, vocals

Set list

This is an average set list of this tour: ^[62]

1. "Incident at Neshabur" (Carlos Santana, Alberto Gianquinto)
2. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
3. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
4. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
5. "Let It Shine" (David Brown, Ray Gardner)
6. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Tom Coster, Santana)
7. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Coster, David Rubinson)
8. "Give and Take" (Santana, Coster, Michael Shrieve)
9. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
10. "Savor" (José "Chepito" Areas, Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
11. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Carlos Santana)
12. "Let Me" (Coster, Santana)
13. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)

Tour dates

Oceanic leg (February 1–17)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1976)	City	Country	Venue
February 1	Auckland	New Zealand	Carlaw Park
February 4	Melbourne	Australia	Festival Hall
February 7	Adelaide		Apollo Stadium
February 10	Perth		Subiaco Oval
February 13	Brisbane		Brisbane Festival Hall
February 15	Sydney		Hordern Pavilion
February 16
February 17

Japanese leg (February 20 – March 17)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1976)	City	Country	Venue
February 20	Tokyo	Japan	Nippon Budokan
February 21
February 22	Osaka		Festival Hall
February 25			Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
February 27	Kyoto		Kyoto Kaikan
February 28	Takamatsu		Takamatsu Shimin Kaikan
February 29
March 1	Osaka		Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
March 2	Okayama		Kenritsu Taiikukan
March 3	Kitakyushu		Kokura Shimin Kaikan
March 5	Kumamoto		Kumamoto Prefectural Gymnasium
March 6	Fukuoka		Fukuoka Kyuden Kinen Gymnasium
March 8	Hiroshima		Hiroshima Prefectural Sports Center
March 9	Nagoya		Nagoya Civic Assembly Hall
March 10	Yokohama		Yokohama Cultural Gymnasium
March 11	Tokyo		Shibuya Public Hall
March 12
March 13	Niigata		Niigata Prefectural Civic Center
March 15	Noboribetsu		Shin Nittetsu Muroran Taiikukan
March 16	Sapporo		Tsukisamu Dome
March 17

Amigos Tour (1976)

Amigos Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Amigos
Start date	March 20, 1976 (1976-03-20)
End date	December 31, 1976 (1976-12-31)
Legs	3
No. of shows	35 in Europe 34 in North America 69 in total
Santana concert chronology
Pacific Tour '76 (1976) Amigos Tour (1976) Festivál Tour (1977)

The Amigos Tour was the eighth concert tour by Santana supporting their album Amigos .

History

The band spent most of 1976 supporting Amigos by embarking on a tour of the United States and Canada followed by a series of concerts in Europe, with the group finishing the year with a New Year's Eve concert at San Francisco's Winterland Ballroom. Lineup changes were frequent during this tour: David Brown left and he was replaced by Bryon Miller. However, Miller was replaced by Pablo Tellez around the same time as Leon "Ndugu" Chancler was replaced by Gaylord Birch. ^[63] Armando Peraza was replaced by Raul Rekow and José "Chepito" Areas. Finally, Birch was replaced by Graham Lear, and Greg Walker was replaced by Luther Rabb for the European tour. ^[52] The only consistent members of the entire tour were Tom Coster and Carlos Santana.

Reception

In a review of the band's show at New York City's Beacon Theatre on May 7, 1976, music critic John Rockwell described the concert as "unsuccessful." He stated that the gig had a poor sound system, and the music played at the performance was "faceless, Latin‐flavored jazz rock." ^[64] On the hand, Robert Ford Jr. gave the concert a more positive review in Billboard. ^[65]

Live releases

Live material from this tour has appeared on the following releases:

• Songs from different performances during the European tour were released on the 1977 album Moonflower . This is a list of songs from the album that were taken from a show during this leg:
  • "Carnaval", "Let the Children Play", and "Jugando" from the show on December 2 at Olympiahalle in Munich, West Germany.
  • "Savor" and "Toussaint L'Overture" from the gig on December 4 at the Théâtre de Plein Air in Colmar, France.
  • "Black Magic Woman", "Gypsy Queen", "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)", and "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" from the performance on December 5 at the Pavillon de Paris in Paris, France.
  • "Soul Sacrifice" and "Head, Hands & Feet" from the concert on December 15 at the Hammersmith Odeon in London, England.
    • Additionally, "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" was also featured on the 1988 video Viva Santana! An Intimate Conversation With Carlos Santana.

Tour band

• Greg Walker – lead vocals, percussion (through June 5)
• Luther Rabb – lead vocals, percussion (beginning November 5)
• Carlos Santana – guitar, percussion, vocals
• Tom Coster – Yamaha organ, Hammond organ, Minimoog, electric piano, keyboards, percussion, vocals
• Byron Miller – bass guitar (through June 5)
• Pablo Tellez – bass guitar, vocals (beginning July 2)
• Leon "Ndugu" Chancler – drums (through June 5)
• Gaylord Birch – drums (from July 2 to August 25)
• Graham Lear – drums (beginning November 5)
• Armando Peraza – congas, percussion (through June 5)
• Francisco Aguabella – percussion (on June 5)
• Raul Rekow – congas, bongos, percussion, vocals (beginning July 2)
• José ”Chepito” Areas – timbales, congas, percussion, vocals (beginning July 2)

Typical set lists

March–August: North American tour

This tour began with a performance on March 20 at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona intended for the filming of A Star Is Born , ^[66] and concluded with a gig on August 25 at the Schaefer Music Festival in Central Park's Wollman Rink. ^[67] Here is a typical set list for this leg (actual set list taken from the May 8 Boston show): ^[68]

1. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
2. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
3. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Tom Coster, David Rubinson)
4. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Tom Coster, Carlos Santana)
5. "Let It Shine" (David Brown, Ray Gardner)
6. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
7. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
8. "Savor" (José "Chepito" Areas, Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Santana, Michael Shrieve)
9. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
10. "Let Me" (Coster, Santana)
11. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)
12. "Incident at Neshabur" (Santana, Alberto Gianquinto)
13. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)

November–December: European tour

This tour started on November 5 at Empire Pool in London, England, and ended on December 16 at an unknown venue in Lugano, Switzerland. Here is a typical set list for this leg (actual set list taken from the December 5 Paris show): ^[69]

1. "Carnaval" (Coster, Santana)
2. "Let the Children Play" (Leon Patillo, Santana)
3. "Jugando" (Areas, Santana)
4. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
5. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
6. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Chancler, Coster, Rubinson)
7. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
8. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
9. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
10. "Revelations" (Coster, Santana)
11. "Incident at Neshabur" (Santana, Gianquinto)
12. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
13. "Let the Music Set You Free" (Coster, Patillo, Rubinson, Santana)
14. "María Caracóles" (Pello el Afrokán)
15. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
16. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)

Tour dates

North American leg (March 20 – August 25)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1976)	City	Country	Venue
March 20 [lower-alpha 1]	Tempe	United States	Sun Devil Stadium
April 7	Saskatoon	Canada	N/A
April 8	Edmonton
April 15	Milwaukee	United States	Riverside Theater
April 16	Minneapolis		Cyrus Northrop Memorial Auditorium
April 19	Detroit		Cobo Arena
April 20	Madison		Dane County Coliseum
May 2 [lower-alpha 2]	Austin		Texas State Highway 290
May 7 (2 shows)	New York City		Beacon Theatre
May 8	Boston		Orpheum Theatre
May 9	Landover		Capital Centre
May 11	Nashville		Nashville Municipal Auditorium
May 12	Chattanooga		Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Auditorium
May 14	Johnson City		Freedom Hall Civic Center
May 15	Cincinnati		Riverfront Coliseum
May 18	Toledo		Toledo Sports Arena
May 26	Greater Sudbury	Canada	N/A
May 27	Toronto		Maple Leaf Gardens
May 30 [lower-alpha 3]	Des Moines	United States	Iowa State Fairgrounds
June 5 [lower-alpha 4]	Oakland		Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum
July 2	Fresno		Selland Arena
July 3	Anaheim		Anaheim Stadium
July 5	San Diego		Golden Hall
July 6	Las Vegas		Las Vegas Convention Center
July 7	Tucson		Tucson Convention Center
July 13	San Antonio		HemisFair Arena
July 16	Lubbock		N/A
July 18	Denver		Mile High Stadium
July 24	Kansas City		Royals Stadium
July 25	Tulsa		Tulsa Fairgrounds Speedway
August 23 [lower-alpha 5]	New York City		Wollman Rink
August 25 [lower-alpha 5]

European leg (November 5 – December 16)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1976)	City	Country	Venue
November 5	London	England	Empire Pool
November 6
November 7	Leicester		De Montfort Hall
November 8	Bournemouth		Bournemouth Winter Gardens
November 10	Birmingham		Birmingham Odeon
November 11	Manchester		Kings Hall
November 12	Leeds		University of Leeds Refectory
November 13	Glasgow	Scotland	The Apollo
November 14	Edinburgh		Edinburgh Playhouse
November 15	Liverpool	England	Liverpool Empire Theatre
November 18	Vienna	Austria	Wiener Stadthalle
November 19	Linz		Linzer Sporthalle
November 20	Böblingen	West Germany	Sporthalle
November 21	Zürich	Switzerland	Hallenstadion
November 23	Karlsruhe	West Germany	Schwarzwaldhalle
November 24	Frankfurt		Festhalle Messe Frankfurt
November 25	Eppelheim		Rhein-Neckar-Halle
November 26	Nuremberg		Messezentrum Nuremberg
November 27	Saarbrücken		Saarlandhalle
November 29	Brussels	Belgium	Forest National
November 30	Rotterdam	Netherlands	Sportpaleis
December 1	Düsseldorf	West Germany	Philips Halle
December 2	Munich		Olympiahalle München
December 4	Colmar	France	Théâtre de Plein Air
December 5	Paris		Pavillon de Paris
December 6
December 7
December 8	Cologne	West Germany	Sporthalle
December 9	Kiel		Ostseehalle
December 10	Hamburg		Ernst-Merck-Halle
December 11	West Berlin		Eissporthalle an der Jafféstraße
December 12	Dortmund		Westfalenhallen
December 14	Geneva	Switzerland	N/A
December 15	London	England	Hammersmith Odeon
December 16	Lugano	Switzerland	N/A

U.S. show (December 31)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1976)	City	Country	Venue
December 31	Daly City	United States	Cow Palace

Box office score data

List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references

Date (1976)	City	Venue	Attendance	Gross	Ref(s)
April 15	Milwaukee, United States	Riverside Theater	3,557	$20,933	[70]
April 16	Minneapolis, United States	Cyrus Northrop Memorial Auditorium	4,400	$24,300	[70]
May 7 (2 shows)	New York City, United States	Beacon Theatre	5,298	$36,000	[71]
May 12	Chattanooga, United States	Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Auditorium	3,024	$17,643	[72]
May 14	Johnson City, United States	Freedom Hall Civic Center	3,947	$23,450	[72]
May 15	Cincinnati, United States	Riverfront Coliseum	11,320	$68,671	[72]
June 5 [lower-alpha 4]	Oakland, United States	Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum	40,173	$341,472	[73]
July 2	Fresno, United States	Selland Arena	6,000	$38,893	[74]
July 3	Anaheim, United States	Anaheim Stadium	55,000	$550,000	[75]
July 18	Denver, United States	Mile High Stadium	62,000 / 62,000	$496,000	[75]
July 24	Kansas City, United States	Royals Stadium	36,662	$291,824	[76]
July 25	Tulsa, United States	Tulsa Fairgrounds Speedway	26,495	$225,948	[76]
December 31	Daly City, United States	Cow Palace	14,500 / 14,500	$145,000	[77]
TOTAL			272,376	$2,280,134

Notes

1. The concert on March 20 was intended for the filming of A Star Is Born . ^[66]
2. The concert on May 2 was a part of Sunday Break.
3. The concert on May 30 was a part of Iowa Jam.
4. The concert on June 5 was a part of Day on the Green.
5. The concerts on August 23 and 25 were a part of the Schaefer Music Festival.

Festivál Tour (1977)

Festivál Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Festivál
Start date	January 25, 1977 (1977-01-25)
End date	September 14, 1977 (1977-09-14)
Legs	2
No. of shows	52 in North America 16 in Europe 68 in total
Santana concert chronology
Amigos Tour (1976) Festivál Tour (1977) Moonflower Tour (1977–78)

The Festivál Tour was the ninth concert tour by Santana supporting their album Festivál .

History

Following the release of Festivál in January 1977, the group embarked on a tour of North America, followed by a 17-date European tour. Lineup changes weren't as common as the last tour, but some members came and went throughout this tour. Greg Walker came back, replacing Luther Rabb in January, and bassist David Margen and percussionist Pete Escovedo took over from Pablo Tellez and José "Chepito" Areas respectively in June. During the tour, Carlos Santana cancelled shows to reconcile with his wife Deborah. Bill Graham booked the band to perform at New York City's Radio City Music Hall during this tour, but the concerts were cancelled when Santana told Graham he needed time to settle with his wife. ^[78] A show in Milan, Italy at Velodromo Vigorelli on September 14, 1977, was interrupted by leftist protesters in the beginning. ^[79]

Live releases

Live material from this tour has appeared on the following releases:

• The group's concert with Spanish flamenco guitarist Paco de Lucía from August 19 or August 21 was released on the video Light and Shade in 2001.
• "Song of the Wind" from the show on August 23 or August 24 at the Arènes de Fréjus in Fréjus, France was released on the 1988 compilation album Viva Santana! . It was mislabeled on the album as being from a show in Paris.

Tour band

• Greg Walker – lead vocals, percussion
• Carlos Santana – guitar, percussion, vocals
• Tom Coster – Yamaha organ, Hammond organ, Minimoog, electric piano, keyboards, percussion, vocals
• Pablo Tellez – bass guitar, vocals (through April 24)
• David Margen – bass guitar (beginning June 29)
• Graham Lear – drums
• José "Chepito" Areas – timbales, congas, percussion, vocals (through April 24)
• Raul Rekow – congas, bongos, percussion, vocals
• Pete Escovedo – timbales, percussion (beginning June 29)

Reception

The concert on January 30, 1977, at the Long Beach Arena in Long Beach, California was praised by Billboard . ^[80]

Typical set lists

January–July: North American tour

This leg began with a concert on January 25 at Robertson Gymnasium in Santa Barbara, California, and ended with a performance on July 9 at Seattle's Seattle Center Coliseum. ^[81] Here is a typical set list for this leg (actual set list taken from the March 6 Hempstead show): ^[82]

1. "Carnaval" (Tom Coster, Carlos Santana)
2. "Let the Children Play" (Leon Patillo, Santana)
3. "Jugando" (José "Chepito" Areas, Santana)
4. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
5. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
6. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Coster, David Rubinson)
7. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
8. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
9. "Incident at Neshabur" (Santana, Alberto Gianquinto)
10. "Let Me" (Coster, Santana)
11. "Give Me Love" (Pablo Tellez)
12. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
13. "Conga Solo" (Raul Rekow)
14. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
15. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)
16. "Revelations" (Coster, Santana)
17. "María Caracóles" (Pello el Afrokán)
18. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
19. "Let the Music Set You Free" (Coster, Patillo, Rubinson, Santana)
20. "Transcendance" (Santana)

August–September: European tour

This leg started on August 19 at Plaza de toros de las Arenas in Barcelona, Spain and ended on September 14 at Velodromo Vigorelli in Milan, Italy. Here is a typical set list for this leg (actual set list taken from the August 30 Bad Segeberg show): ^[83]

1. "El Morocco" (Coster)
2. "Let the Children Play" (Patillo, Santana)
3. "Jugando" (Areas, Santana)
4. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
5. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
6. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Chancler, Coster, Rubinson)
7. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
8. "I'll Be Waiting" (Santana)
9. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
10. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)
11. "She's Not There" (Rod Argent)
12. "Savor" (Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Santana, Michael Shrieve)
13. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
14. "Flor d'Luna (Moonflower)" (Coster)
15. "Here And Now" (Armando Peraza, Santana)
16. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)
17. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
18. "Transcendance" (Santana)

Tour dates

North American leg (January 25 – July 9)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1977)	City	Country	Venue
January 25	Santa Barbara	United States	Robertson Gymnasium
January 28	San Bernardino		Swing Auditorium
January 29	Los Angeles		Shrine Auditorium
January 30	Long Beach		Long Beach Arena
February 2	San Diego		Golden Hall
February 3	Phoenix		Phoenix Convention Center
February 5	Denver		McNichols Sports Arena
February 6	Colorado Springs		United States Air Force Academy
February 7			Colorado Springs City Auditorium
February 9	Austin		Municipal Auditorium
February 10	Houston		Sam Houston Coliseum
February 11	Dallas		Dallas Memorial Auditorium
February 12	Abilene		Taylor County Coliseum
February 13	Corpus Christi		Exhibition Hall
February 14	Kansas City		Arrowhead Stadium
February 15	Kansas City		Memorial Hall
February 16	St. Louis		N/A
February 17	Bloomington
February 18	Chicago		Aragon Ballroom
February 19
February 21	Des Moines		Veterans Memorial Auditorium
March 4	New York City		Roseland Ballroom
March 5 (2 shows)			Palladium
March 6	Hempstead		Calderone Concert Hall
March 8	Toronto	Canada	Maple Leaf Gardens
March 9	Montreal		Montreal Forum
March 10	Kingston		Jock Harty Arena
March 12	East Lansing	United States	Jenison Fieldhouse
March 13	Port Huron		St. Clair County Community College
March 14	Kalamazoo		Wings Stadium
March 15	Detroit		Detroit Masonic Temple
March 16	Boston		Boston Garden
March 18	Durham		Cameron Indoor Stadium
March 19	Landover		Capital Centre
March 20	Philadelphia		Spectrum
March 22	Atlanta		Fox Theatre
March 23	Tampa		Curtis Hixon Hall
March 24	Pembroke Pines		Hollywood Sportatorium
April 1 (2 shows)	San Francisco		Old Waldorf
April 2 (2 shows)
April 5	Cincinnati		Riverfront Coliseum
April 6	Pittsburgh		Civic Arena
April 24 [lower-alpha 1]	Soledad		Correctional Training Facility
June 29 (2 shows)	Santa Cruz		The Catalyst
July 4 [lower-alpha 2]	Oakland		Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum
July 8	Portland		Memorial Coliseum
July 9	Seattle		Seattle Center Coliseum

European leg (August 19 – September 14)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1977)	City	Country	Venue
August 19	Barcelona	Spain	Plaza de toros de las Arenas
August 21	San Sebastián		Palacio Municipal de Deportes
August 23	Fréjus	France	Arènes de Fréjus
August 24
August 27	Leiden	Netherlands	Groenoordhallen
August 28	Neumünster	West Germany	Holstenhallen
August 29	Bremen		Stadthalle Bremen
August 30	Bad Segeberg		Kalkberg Stadium
September 3 [lower-alpha 3]	Nuremberg		Zeppelinfeld
September 4 [lower-alpha 4]	Karlsruhe		Wildparkstadion
September 6	Essen		Grugahalle
September 7	Brussels	Belgium	Forest National
September 10 [lower-alpha 5]	London	England	Crystal Palace Bowl
September 12	Verona	Italy	Verona Arena
September 13	Turin		Palazzetto dello sport Parco Ruffini
September 14 [lower-alpha 6]	Milan		Velodromo Vigorelli

Box office score data

List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references

Date (1977)	City	Venue	Attendance	Gross	Ref(s)
January 30	Long Beach, United States	Long Beach Arena	6,258	$40,012	[84]
February 2	San Diego, United States	Golden Hall	4,172 / 4,172	$27,000	[85]
February 5	Denver, United States	McNichols Sports Arena	10,305	$82,235	[85]
February 9	Austin, United States	Municipal Auditorium	4,260	$27,690	[86]
February 12	Abilene, United States	Taylor County Coliseum	4,065	$26,244	[86]
February 13	Corpus Christi, United States	Exhibit Hall	5,002	$33,532	[86]
February 15	Kansas City, United States	Memorial Hall	3,100	$21,700	[87]
March 5 (2 shows)	New York City, United States	Palladium	6,766 / 6,766	$54,400	[88]
March 20	Philadelphia, United States	Spectrum	18,950 / 18,950	$127,926	[89]
March 22	Atlanta, United States	Fox Theatre	3,833 / 3,833	$28,748	[90]
March 23	Tampa, United States	Curtis Hixon Hall	3,608	$23,740	[90]
April 6	Pittsburgh, United States	Civic Arena	7,748	$46,485	[91]
July 4 [lower-alpha 2] [lower-alpha 7]	Oakland, United States	Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum	102,239	$1,129,879	[92]
TOTAL [lower-alpha 8]			180,306	$1,669,591

Notes

1. The concert on April 24 was part of Bread & Roses.
2. The concert on July 4 was part of Day on the Green.
3. The concert on September 3 was part of the Nuernberg Rock Festival '77.
4. The concert on September 4 was part of the Karlsruhe Rock Festival '77.
5. The concert on September 10 was part of Garden Party X.
6. The concert on September 14 was interrupted by leftist protesters in the beginning. ^[79]
7. The box office data for July 4 combines attendance and gross with July 2 show.
8. The total attendance combines attendance and gross from two Day in the Green shows; Santana only performed at the second show.

Moonflower Tour (1977–1978)

Moonflower Tour

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Moonflower
Start date	October 8, 1977 (1977-10-08)
End date	October 16, 1978 (1978-10-16)
Legs	4
No. of shows	70 in North America 25 in Asia 2 in Oceania 97 in total
Santana concert chronology
Festivál Tour (1977) Moonflower Tour (1977–78) European Tour 1978 (1978)

The Moonflower Tour was the tenth concert tour by Santana supporting the Moonflower album. The tour consisted of shows in small to mid-sized venues and rock festivals, as well as universities. ^[93]

Live releases

Live material from this tour has appeared on the following releases:

• On Carlos Santana's 1979 solo album Oneness: Silver Dreams - Golden Reality , every song before "Silver Dreams Golden Smiles" was recorded on December 7, 1977, at Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan in Osaka, Japan.
• "Jugando" and "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" from the performance at the California Jam II festival in Ontario, California on March 18, 1978, was featured on the live album of the same name.
• "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" from the 1988 compilation album Viva Santana! is also from the March 18 show.

Tour band

• Greg Walker – lead vocals, percussion
• Carlos Santana – lead guitar, percussion, vocals
• Tom Coster – keyboards, synthesizer (through June 1978)
• Chris Solberg – rhythm guitar, keyboards (beginning June 1978)
• Chris Rhyne – keyboards (beginning June 1978)
• David Margen – bass guitar
• Graham Lear – drums
• Pete Escovedo – timbales, percussion
• Armando Peraza – congas, percussion, vocals
• Raul Rekow – congas, bongos, percussion, vocals

Typical set lists

November 1977: Australian shows

The band performed twice in Australia during this tour, solely as an act of the Rockarena festival, occurring on November 11, 1977, at the Sydney Showground in Sydney and November 13 at the Calder Park Raceway in Melbourne, playing to crowds of more than 43,000 and 60,000 respectively. ^{[94] [95]} The November 13 gig was televised, and the songs broadcast on television were: ^[96]

1. "Zulu" (Tom Coster)
2. "Let the Children Play" (Leon Patillo, Carlos Santana)
3. "Jugando" (José Areas, Santana)
4. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
5. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
6. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Coster, David Rubinson)
7. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
8. "I'll Be Waiting" (Santana)
9. "She's Not There" (Rod Argent)
10. "Batuka" (Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve)
11. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Coke Escovedo, Rolie, Willie Bobo, Melvin Lastie)
12. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
13. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
14. "Oneness" (Santana)
15. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
16. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
17. "Gitano" (Armando Peraza)
18. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)

November–December 1977: Japanese tour

Santana performed 25 concerts in Japan, starting on November 19, 1977, at Nakajima Sports Center in Sapporo and ending on December 16, 1977, at Kurashiki Civic Cultural Hall in Kurashiki. This is a usual set list for this series of concerts (actual set list taken from the December 9 Osaka show): ^[97]

1. "Arise Awake" (Santana)
2. "Light Versus Darkness" (Santana)
3. "Jim Jeannie" (Chico Hamilton)
4. "Transformation Day" (Alan Hovhaness, Santana)
5. "Victory" (Santana)
6. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
7. "Zulu" (Coster)
8. "Let the Children Play" (Patillo, Santana)
9. "Jugando" (Areas, Santana)
10. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
11. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
12. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Chancler, Coster, Rubinson)
13. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
14. "The River" (Patillo, Santana)
15. "Batuka" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve)
16. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Escovedo, Rolie, Bobo, Lastie)
17. "Evil Ways" (Henry)
18. "Oye Como Va" (Puente)
19. "I'll Be Waiting" (Santana)
20. "She's Not There" (Argent)
21. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
22. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
23. "Flor d'Luna (Moonflower)" (Coster)
24. "Guajira" (Areas, Brown, Rico Reyes)
25. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)
26. "Solamente una vez" (Agustín Lara)
27. "Gitano" (Peraza)
28. "Concierto de Aranjuez" (Joaquín Rodrigo)
29. "Oneness" (Santana)
30. "Dawn" (Coster)
31. "Transcendance" (Santana)
32. "Samba Pa Ti" (Santana)

December 1977–October 1978: North American tour

A Belkin Productions print advertisement for October 1978 concerts in Northeast Ohio, including Santana's concert at the Memorial Gym in Kent, Ohio on October 7, 1978

This tour lasted from December 31, 1977, at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco to October 16, 1978, at The Bottom Line in New York City. The band often performed at universities and clubs as well as large rock festivals. This set list is representative of the second show on October 16, 1978. ^[98] It does not represent all concerts for the duration of the tour.

1. "Marathon" (Carlos Santana)
2. "Well All Right" (Norman Petty, Buddy Holly, Jerry Allison, Joe B. Mauldin)
3. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
4. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
5. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
6. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Tom Coster, David Rubinson)
7. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
8. "Dealer/Spanish Rose" (Jim Capaldi/Santana)
9. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
10. "Victory" (Santana)
11. "Move On" (Santana, Chris Rhyne)
12. "Batuka" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve])
13. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Escovedo, Rolie, Bobo, Lastie)
14. "One Chain (Don't Make No Prison)" (Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter)
15. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
16. "She's Not There" (Argent)
17. "Open Invitation" (Santana, Lambert, Potter, Greg Walker, David Margen)
18. "Jungle Strut" (Gene Ammons)
19. "Transcendance" (Santana)
20. "Evil Ways" (Henry)

Tour dates

U.S. leg (October 8–29, 1977)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
October 8, 1977	San Diego	United States	California Theatre
October 17, 1977	Atlanta		Fox Theatre
October 24, 1977	New Orleans		The Warehouse
October 25, 1977	Houston		Sam Houston Coliseum
October 29, 1977	San Francisco		Winterland Ballroom

Australian leg (November 11–13, 1977)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
November 11, 1977 [lower-alpha 1]	Sydney	Australia	Sydney Showground
November 13, 1977 [lower-alpha 2]	Melbourne		Calder Park Raceway

Japanese leg (November 19 – December 16, 1977)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
November 19, 1977	Sapporo	Japan	Nakajima Sports Center
November 20, 1977	Noboribetsu		Shin Nittetsu Muroran Taiikukan
November 21, 1977	Hakodate		Hakodate Shimin Taiikukan
November 22, 1977	Akita		Akita Prefectural Hall
November 24, 1977	Niigata		Niigata-shi Taiikukan
November 25, 1977	Fukui		Fukui Shiei Taiikukan
November 26, 1977	Kanazawa		Ishikawa Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
November 27, 1977	Toyama		Toyama-shi Kokaido
November 28, 1977	Tokyo		Nippon Budokan
November 29, 1977
November 30, 1977			Nakano Sun Plaza Hall
December 1, 1977
December 2, 1977	Mito		Prefectural Culture Center
December 3, 1977	Kōriyama		Kōriyama Shimin Kaikan
December 5, 1977	Nagoya		Nagoya Civic Assembly Hall
December 6, 1977	Kyoto		Kyoto Kaikan
December 7, 1977	Osaka		Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
December 8, 1977
December 9, 1977
December 10, 1977			Festival Hall
December 12, 1977	Kitakyushu		Yahata Shimin Kaikan
December 13, 1977	Fukuoka		Fukuoka Kyuden Kinen Gymnasium
December 14, 1977	Kumamoto		Kumamoto Prefectural Gymnasium
December 15, 1977	Hiroshima		Hiroshima Prefectural Sports Center
December 16, 1977	Kurashiki		Kurashiki Civic Cultural Hall

North American leg (December 31, 1977 – October 16, 1978)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date	City	Country	Venue
December 31, 1977	San Francisco	United States	Winterland Ballroom
February 7, 1978	Buffalo		Shea's Buffalo
February 8, 1978	Passaic		Capitol Theatre
February 9, 1978 (2 shows)	New York City		Palladium
February 10, 1978 (2 shows)
February 11, 1978	Philadelphia		Spectrum
February 12, 1978	Cleveland		Public Auditorium
February 13, 1978	Toledo		N/A
February 14, 1978 (2 shows)	Detroit		Detroit Masonic Temple
February 15, 1978	Flint		IMA Sports Arena
February 16, 1978	Toronto	Canada	Maple Leaf Gardens
February 17, 1978	Montreal		Montreal Forum
February 18, 1978 (2 shows)	Boston	United States	Music Hall
February 19, 1978	Syracuse		Manley Field House
February 20, 1978	Landover		Capital Centre
February 22, 1978	Houston		Sam Houston Coliseum
February 24, 1978 (2 shows)	San Diego		Fox Theatre
February 25, 1978	Los Angeles		Shrine Auditorium
February 26, 1978	Fresno		Selland Arena
March 12, 1978 (2 shows)	Portland		Paramount Theatre
March 14, 1978	Seattle		Seattle Center Arena
March 15, 1978	Boulder		Balch Fieldhouse
March 16, 1978	Omaha		Omaha Civic Auditorium
March 17, 1978	Minneapolis		Cyrus Northrop Memorial Auditorium
March 18, 1978 [lower-alpha 3]	Ontario		Ontario Motor Speedway
March 19, 1978	Chicago		International Amphitheatre
March 20, 1978	St. Louis		Kiel Opera House
March 21, 1978	Fort Worth		Tarrant County Convention Center
March 22, 1978	New Orleans		Municipal Auditorium
March 23, 1978	Mobile		Municipal Auditorium
March 24, 1978	Atlanta		N/A
March 25, 1978	Lakeland		Lakeland Civic Center
March 26, 1978	Pembroke Pines		Hollywood Sportatorium
June 3, 1978	Cincinnati		Bogart's
June 4, 1978	Richmond		Much More
June 5, 1978	Philadelphia		Spectrum
June 7, 1978	Chicago		B'Ginnings
June 8, 1978	Rockford		Flight of the Phoenix
June 9, 1978	Toronto	Canada	Maple Leaf Gardens
June 10, 1978	Montreal		Montreal Forum
June 23, 1978 (2 shows)	San Francisco	United States	Old Waldorf
June 25, 1978 [lower-alpha 4]	Eugene		Autzen Stadium
July 26, 1978 [lower-alpha 5]	Oakland		Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum
September 1, 1978	Kansas City		N/A
September 3, 1978 [lower-alpha 6]	Atlanta		Grant Field
September 9, 1978	Santa Barbara		Santa Barbara Bowl
September 10, 1978	Berkeley		William Randolph Hearst Greek Theatre
September 22, 1978 (2 shows)	Monterey		Monterey Conference Center
September 28, 1978	Minneapolis		Cyrus Northrop Memorial Auditorium
October 1, 1978	Ann Arbor		Hill Auditorium
October 5, 1978	Columbus		Mershon Auditorium
October 7, 1978	Kent		Memorial Gym
October 8, 1978	Dayton		University of Dayton Arena
October 9, 1978	Passaic		Capitol Theatre
October 12, 1978	Providence		Alumni Hall
October 13, 1978	Vestal		P.E. Center
October 16, 1978 (2 shows)	New York City		The Bottom Line

Box office score data

List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references

Date	City	Venue	Attendance	Gross	Ref(s)
December 31, 1977	Daly City, United States	Cow Palace	14,500 / 14,500	$144,160	[99]
February 8, 1978	Passaic, United States	Capitol Theatre	3,356	$27,405	[100]
February 9, 1978 (2 shows)	New York City, United States	Palladium	13,548	$111,604	[100]
February 10, 1978 (2 shows)					[100]
February 18, 1978 (2 shows)	Boston, United States	Music Hall	8,450 / 8,450	$69,235	[101]
February 24, 1978 (2 shows)	San Diego, United States	Fox Theatre	4,812 / 4,812	$39,146	[102]
March 12, 1978 (2 shows)	Portland, United States	Paramount Theatre	5,679 / 5,679	$42,593	[103]
March 14, 1978	Seattle, United States	Seattle Center Arena	6,000 / 6,000	$45,051	[104]
March 15, 1978	Boulder, United States	Balch Fieldhouse	5,154	$34,468	[104]
March 18, 1978 [lower-alpha 3]	Ontario, United States	Ontario Motor Speedway	290,000 / 290,000	$2,500,000	[104]
March 23, 1978	Mobile, United States	Municipal Auditorium	12,000 / 12,000	$87,568	[105]
March 25, 1978	Lakeland, United States	Lakeland Civic Center	9,755 / 9,755	$68,285	[105]
June 25, 1978 [lower-alpha 4]	Eugene, United States	Autzen Stadium	48,713	$512,236	[106]
July 26, 1978 [lower-alpha 5]	Oakland, United States	Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum	60,000 / 60,000	$750,000	[107]
September 9, 1978	Santa Barbara, United States	Santa Barbara Bowl	4,324	$34,082	[108]
September 10, 1978	Berkeley, United States	William Randolph Hearst Greek Theatre	8,327 / 8,327	$64,281	[108]
September 22, 1978 (2 shows)	Monterey, United States	Monterey Conference Center	4,900 / 4,900	$41,827	[109]
September 28, 1978	Minneapolis, United States	Cyrus Northrop Memorial Auditorium	4,800 / 4,800	$35,060	[110]
October 9, 1978	Passaic, United States	Capitol Theatre	3,456 / 3,456	$28,182	[111]
October 13, 1978	Vestal, United States	P.E. Center	3,200 / 3,200	$19,200	[111]
TOTAL			510,971	$4,654,383

Notes

1. The concert on November 11, 1977 was a part of the Rockarena festival. ^[94]
2. The concert on November 13, 1977 was a part of the Rockarena festival. ^[95]
3. The concert on March 18, 1978 was a part of California Jam II.
4. The concert on June 25, 1978 was a part of the Oregon Music Harvest.
5. The concert on July 26, 1978 was a part of Day on the Green.
6. The concert on September 3, 1978 was a part of the Champagne Jam.

European Tour 1978 (1978)

Santana European Tour 1978

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Inner Secrets
Start date	October 30, 1978 (1978-10-30)
End date	December 10, 1978 (1978-12-10)
Legs	1
No. of shows	34
Santana concert chronology
Moonflower Tour (1977–78) Santana European Tour 1978 (1978) North American Tour 1979 (1979)

Santana European Tour 1978 was a concert tour of Europe by Santana, supporting the just released Inner Secrets album. The opening act for all of the shows was the Devadip Orchestra, a short-lived group led by Carlos Santana. ^{[112] [113]} The tour started on 30 October 1978 at Wembley Arena in London, England and ended on 10 December 1978 at Marché aux Fleurs in Nice, France. ^[114]

Tour band

• Greg Walker – lead vocals, percussion
• Carlos Santana – lead guitar, percussion, vocals
• Chris Solberg – rhythm guitar, keyboards
• Chris Rhyne – keyboards
• David Margen – bass guitar
• Graham Lear – drums
• Pete Escovedo – timbales, percussion
• Armando Peraza – congas, percussion, vocals
• Raul Rekow – congas, bongos, percussion, vocals

Set list

Carlos Santana performing at the Groenoordhallen in Leiden, Netherlands on 17 November 1978

Carlos Santana performing at the Groenoordhallen in Leiden, Netherlands on 17 November 1978

This set list is representative of the show on 11 November. ^[115] It does not represent all concerts for the duration of the tour.

1. "Marathon" (Carlos Santana)
2. "Well All Right" (Norman Petty, Buddy Holly, Jerry Allison, Joe B. Mauldin)
3. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
4. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
5. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
6. "Dance Sister Dance (Baila Mi Hermana)" (Leon "Ndugu" Chancler, Tom Coster, David Rubinson)
7. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
8. "Dealer/Spanish Rose" (Jim Capaldi/Santana)
9. "Victory is Won" (Santana)
10. "Move On" (Santana, Chris Rhyne)
11. "Batuka" (José "Chepito" Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve)
12. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Rolie, Coke Escovedo)
13. "Life Is a Lady/Holiday" (Dennis Lambert/Santana)
14. "One Chain (Don't Make No Prison)" (Lambert, Brian Potter)
15. "Toussaint L'Overture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve, Santana)
16. "She's Not There" (Rod Argent)
17. "Open Invitation" (Santana, Lambert, Potter, Greg Walker, David Margen)
18. "Well All Right (Reprise)" (Petty, Holly, Allison, Mauldin)
19. "Transcendance" (Santana)
20. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)

Tour dates

The itinerary as shown inside the official Santana European Tour 1978 tour programme consisted of: ^[116]

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1978)	City	Country	Venue
October 30	London	England	Wembley Arena
October 31
November 1
November 3	Stafford		Bingley Hall
November 4	Manchester		Manchester Apollo
November 5
November 7	Brussels	Belgium	Forest National
November 8	West Berlin	West Germany	Deutschlandhalle
November 9	Hamburg		Congress Centrum Hamburg
November 11	Gothenburg	Sweden	Scandinavium
November 12	Lund		Olympen
November 13	Oslo	Norway	Ekeberghallen
November 14	Copenhagen	Denmark	Falkoner Teatret
November 16	Bremen	West Germany	Stadthalle Bremen
November 17	Leiden	Netherlands	Groenoordhallen
November 18	Dortmund	West Germany	Westfalenhallen
November 19	Zürich	Switzerland	Hallenstadion
November 21	Vienna	Austria	Wiener Stadthalle
November 22	Passau	West Germany	Nibelungenhalle
November 24	Cologne		Sporthalle
November 25	Frankfurt		Festhalle Messe Frankfurt
November 26	Saarbrücken		Saarlandhalle
November 27	Stuttgart		N/A
November 28	Eppelheim		Rhein-Neckar-Halle
November 30	Hanover		Eilenriedehalle
December 1	Nuremberg		Messehalle
December 2	Munich		Olympiahalle München
December 3	Colmar	France	Théâtre de Plein Air
December 4	Paris		Pavillon de Paris
December 5
December 6
December 7	Lyon		Palais d'Hiver
December 9	Barcelona	Spain	Palau dels Esports de Barcelona
December 10	Madrid		N/A

While the final dates performed were:

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1978)	City	Country	Venue
October 30	London	England	Wembley Arena
October 31
November 1
November 3	Stafford		Bingley Hall
November 4	Manchester		Manchester Apollo
November 5
November 7	Brussels	Belgium	Forest National
November 8	West Berlin	West Germany	Deutschlandhalle
November 9	Hamburg		Congress Centrum Hamburg
November 11	Gothenburg	Sweden	Scandinavium
November 12	Lund		Olympen
November 13	Oslo	Norway	Ekeberghallen
November 14	Copenhagen	Denmark	Falkoner Teatret
November 15	Essen	West Germany	N/A
November 16	Bremen		Stadthalle Bremen
November 17	Leiden	Netherlands	Groenoordhallen
November 18	Frankfurt	West Germany	Festhalle Messe Frankfurt
November 19	Zürich	Switzerland	Hallenstadion
November 20	Ulm	West Germany	Donauhalle Ulm
November 22	Dortmund		Westfalenhallen
November 24	Passau		Nibelungenhalle
November 25	Sindelfingen		Messehalle
November 26	Saarbrücken		Saarlandhalle
November 27	Böblingen		Sporthalle
November 29	Eppelheim		Rhein-Neckar-Halle
November 30	Hanover		Radrennbahn Messe-Sportpalast
December 1	Cologne		Sporthalle
December 2	Munich		Olympiahalle München
December 4	Paris	France	Pavillon de Paris
December 5
December 6
December 7
December 8	Saint-Étienne		Palais des Expositions
December 9	Barcelona	Spain	Palau dels Esports de Barcelona
December 10	Nice	France	Marché aux Fleurs

North American Tour 1979 (1979)

Santana North American Tour 1979

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Inner Secrets
Start date	February 3, 1979 (1979-02-03)
End date	September 16, 1979 (1979-09-16)
Legs	1
No. of shows	52
Box office	$1.512 million ($14.2 million in 2023 dollars)
Santana concert chronology
European Tour 1978 (1978) Santana North American Tour 1979 (1979) 1979 tour of Australia, Japan and the United States (1979)

Santana North American Tour 1979 was a North American tour by Santana, supporting their album Inner Secrets .

Tour band

• Greg Walker – lead vocals, percussion (through April) ^[117]
• Alex Ligertwood – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (beginning April) ^[117]
• Carlos Santana – lead guitar, percussion, vocals
• Chris Solberg – rhythm guitar, keyboards
• Chris Rhyne – keyboards (through April) ^[117]
• Alan Pasqua – keyboards (beginning April) ^[117]
• David Margen – bass guitar
• Graham Lear – drums
• Raul Rekow – percussion, vocals
• Armando Peraza – percussion, vocals
• Pete Escovedo – percussion

Reception

The concert on February 7, 1979, at the Convention Center in Anaheim, California was described as a "technically excellent, yet, surprisingly uninspiring nine-song nearly 90-minute set." ^[118]

Set list

The tour commenced on February 3 at the Paramount Theatre in Portland, Oregon and concluded on September 16, 1979, at Albuquerque Sports Stadium in Albuquerque, New Mexico. An average set list of this tour was as follows (actual set list from September 2): ^[119]

1. "Marathon" (Carlos Santana)
2. "Well All Right" (Norman Petty, Buddy Holly, Jerry Allison, Joe B. Mauldin)
3. "All I Ever Wanted" (Alex Ligertwood, Santana, Chris Solberg)
4. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
5. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
6. "Hard Times" (Ligertwood, Margen, Alan Pasqua) - 3:57
7. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Tom Coster, Santana)
8. "Batuka" (José "Chepito" Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve)
9. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Rolie, Coke Escovedo)
10. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
11. "Toussaint L'Ouverture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
12. "Aqua Marine" (Pasqua, Santana)
13. "Lightning in the Sky" (Santana, Solberg)
14. "Open Invitation" (Santana, Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter, Greg Walker, David Margen)
15. "I Want You (She's So Heavy)" (John Lennon)
16. "Drum Solo" (Graham Lear)
17. "Percussion Solos" (Armando Peraza, Raul Rekow)
18. "Stand Up" (Santana, Solberg)
19. "Runnin" (Margen)
20. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)
21. "She's Not There" (Rod Argent)
22. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
23. "Transcendance" (Santana)
24. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)

Tour dates

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue ^{[120] [121]}

Date (1979)	City	Country	Venue
February 3 (2 shows)	Portland	United States	Paramount Theatre
February 4	Seattle		Seattle Center Arena
February 6	Sacramento		Sacramento Memorial Auditorium
February 7	Anaheim		Anaheim Convention Center
February 9	San Diego		San Diego Civic Theatre
February 10	Las Vegas		Aladdin Theatre for the Performing Arts
February 11	Tucson		Tucson Arena
February 13	Fort Worth		Tarrant County Convention Center Arena
February 14	Houston		Sam Houston Coliseum
February 16	Tampa		Curtis Hixon Hall
February 17	Pembroke Pines		Hollywood Sportatorium
February 19	Atlanta		Capri Ballroom
February 28	Cleveland		Public Auditorium
March 1	Chicago		International Amphitheatre
March 2 (2 shows)	Pittsburgh		Stanley Theatre
March 3	Philadelphia		Spectrum
March 5	Boston		Boston Garden
March 7	Buffalo		Buffalo Memorial Auditorium
March 8	Landover		Capital Centre
March 9	Cincinnati		Riverfront Coliseum
March 10	Indianapolis		Market Square Arena
March 11	Tucson		Tucson Arena
March 13	Montreal	Canada	Montreal Forum
March 14	Rochester	United States	Rochester Community War Memorial
March 15	New York City		Madison Square Garden
March 17	Detroit		Cobo Arena
March 18	Toronto	Canada	Maple Leaf Gardens
March 23	San Rafael	United States	Marin Veterans' Memorial Auditorium
March 25	Berkeley		Zellerbach Auditorium
April 22	San Francisco		Old Waldorf
June 23	Saratoga Springs		Saratoga Performing Arts Center
July 14 (2 shows)	Los Angeles		Universal Amphitheatre
July 15	Santa Barbara		Santa Barbara Bowl
August 4	Milwaukee		Henry Maier Festival Park
August 5 [lower-alpha 1]	Chicago		Comiskey Park
August 20	Kansas City		Kemper Arena
August 28	Battle Creek		W.K. Kellogg Auditorium
August 29	Saint Paul		Midway Stadium
August 31	Omaha		Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium
September 1 [lower-alpha 2]	Kansas City		Royals Stadium
September 2			Uptown Theater
September 3	Morrison		Red Rocks Amphitheatre
September 6	Austin		Municipal Auditorium
September 7	San Antonio		Convention Center Arena
September 8	Corpus Christi		Memorial Coliseum
September 9	McAllen		La Villa Real Special Events Center
September 14	Las Cruces		Pan American Center
September 15	Phoenix		Celebrity Theatre
September 16	Albuquerque		Albuquerque Sports Stadium

Box office score data

List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references

Date (1979)	City	Venue	Attendance	Gross	Ref(s)
February 3 (2 shows)	Portland, United States	Paramount Theatre	5,920 / 5,920	$48,875	[122]
February 4	Seattle, United States	Seattle Center Arena	6,000 / 6,000	$50,932	[122]
February 6	Sacramento, United States	Sacramento Memorial Auditorium	3,838 / 8,838	$32,245	[123]
February 7	Anaheim, United States	Anaheim Convention Center	8,220 / 8,220	$64,552	[123]
February 16	Tampa, United States	Curtis Hixon Hall	7,600	$60,288	[124]
March 2 (2 shows)	Pittsburgh, United States	Stanley Theatre	7,400 / 7,400	$68,404	[125]
March 5	Boston, United States	Boston Garden	9,200	$86,343	[126]
March 9	Cincinnati, United States	Riverfront Coliseum	8,405 / 8,405	$63,000	[126]
March 10	Indianapolis, United States	Market Square Arena	13,533	$104,950	[126]
March 11	Tucson, United States	Tucson Arena	7,100	$54,800	[126]
March 14	Rochester, United States	Rochester Community War Memorial	6,205	$41,510	[127]
March 15	New York City, United States	Madison Square Garden	19,600 / 19,600	$171,000	[127]
March 23	San Rafael, United States	Marin Veterans' Memorial Auditorium	2,000 / 2,000	$19,831	[128]
March 23	Berkeley, United States	Zellerbach Auditorium	2,096	$16,276	[128]
September 1 [lower-alpha 2]	Kansas City, United States	Royals Stadium	34,087	$423,204	[129]
September 3	Morrison, United States	Red Rocks Amphitheatre	8,500 / 8,500	$79,843	[130]
September 7	San Antonio, United States	Convention Center Arena	7,284	$54,630	[130]
September 8	Corpus Christi, United States	Memorial Coliseum	4,380	$37,142	[130]
September 9	McAllen, United States	La Villa Real Special Events Center	4,000 / 4,000	$34,565	[131]
TOTAL			165,368	$1,512,360

Notes

1. The concert on August 5 was a part of Day in the Park.
2. The concert on September 1 was a part of Summer Jam '79.

1979 tour of Australia, Japan and the United States (1979)

Santana's 1979 tour of Australia, Japan and the United States

Tour by Santana
Associated album	Marathon
Start date	October 1, 1979 (1979-10-01)
End date	December 2, 1979 (1979-12-02)
Legs	3
No. of shows	15 in North America 9 in Oceania 8 in Asia 32 in total
Santana concert chronology
North American Tour 1979 (1979) Santana's 1979 tour of Australia, Japan and the United States (1979) Europe Tour '80 (1980)

During the last quarter of 1979, American rock band Santana toured Australia, Japan and the United States in support of their album Marathon . Eddie Money toured with the group through October 28.

Live releases

Live material from this tour has appeared on the following releases:

• "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" from October 24 at the Festival Hall in Osaka, Japan was featured on the 1988 compilation album Viva Santana! .

Tour band

• Alex Ligertwood – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
• Carlos Santana – lead guitar, percussion, vocals
• Chris Solberg – rhythm guitar, keyboards
• Alan Pasqua – keyboards
• David Margen – bass guitar
• Graham Lear – drums
• Pete Escovedo – timbales, percussion
• Armando Peraza – congas, percussion, vocals
• Raul Rekow – congas, bongos, percussion, vocals

Reception

The band's concert on November 25, 1979, at the Palladium in New York City was praised in a review for Billboard . ^[132]

Typical set lists

Australian dates

The Australian tour lasted from October 1 in Apollo Stadium in Adelaide to October 10 at the Hordern Pavilion in Sydney. The most complete set list is from the 8th. ^[133]

1. "Marathon" (Carlos Santana)
2. "Well All Right" (Norman Petty, Buddy Holly, Jerry Allison, Joe B. Mauldin)
3. "All I Ever Wanted" (Alex Ligertwood, Santana, Chris Solberg)
4. "Singing Winds, Crying Beasts" (Michael Carabello)
5. "Black Magic Woman" (Peter Green)
6. "Gypsy Queen" (Gábor Szabó)
7. "Open Invitation" (Santana, Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter, Greg Walker, David Margen)
8. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Tom Coster, Santana)
9. "Batuka" (José "Chepito" Areas, David Brown, Michael Carabello, Gregg Rolie, Michael Shrieve)
10. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Rolie, Coke Escovedo)
11. "You Know That I Love You" (Ligertwood, Alan Pasqua, Santana)
12. "Lightning in the Sky" (Santana, Solberg)
13. "Aqua Marine" (Pasqua, Santana)
14. "Stand Up" (Santana, Solberg)
15. "Runnin" (Margen)
16. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Marcus Malone)
17. "She's Not There" (Rod Argent)
18. "Transcendance" (Santana)
19. "I Want You (She's So Heavy)" (John Lennon)
20. "Evil Ways" (Clarence "Sonny" Henry)
21. "Shake Your Moneymaker" (Elmore James)

Japanese performances

The band performed in Japan from October 16 at Fukuoka Kyuden Kinen Gymnasium in Fukuoka to October 25 at Festival Hall in Osaka. An average set list was as follows (actual set list from October 19): ^[134]

1. "Marathon" (Santana)
2. "Well All Right" (Petty, Holly, Allison, Mauldin)
3. "All I Ever Wanted" (Ligertwood, Santana, Solberg)
4. "Tales of Kilimanjaro" (Pasqua, Armando Peraza, Raul Rekow, Santana)
5. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
6. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
7. "Open Invitation" (Santana, Lambert, Potter, Walker, Margen)
8. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
9. "Batuka" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Shrieve)
10. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Rolie, Escovedo)
11. "Incident at Neshabur" (Alberto Gianquinto, Santana)
12. "Lightning in the Sky" (Santana, Solberg)
13. "Aqua Marine" (Pasqua, Santana)
14. "Stand Up" (Santana, Solberg)
15. "Runnin" (Margen)
16. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)
17. "She's Not There" (Argent)
18. "Transcendance" (Santana)
19. "I Want You" (Arthur "T-Boy" Ross, Leon Ware)
20. "Evil Ways" (Henry)

US tour

This US tour commenced on October 28 at the Aloha Stadium in Honolulu and concluded on December 2 at the Fox Theatre in Atlanta. Unusually, selections from Caravanserai were performed. An average set list was as follows (taken from November 17): ^[135]

1. "Marathon" (Santana)
2. "Well All Right" (Petty, Holly, Allison, Mauldin)
3. "All I Ever Wanted" (Ligertwood, Santana, Solberg)
4. "Tales of Kilimanjaro" (Pasqua, Peraza, Rekow, Santana)
5. "Black Magic Woman" (Green)
6. "Gypsy Queen" (Szabó)
7. "Open Invitation" (Santana, Lambert, Potter, Walker, Margen)
8. "Europa (Earth's Cry Heaven's Smile)" (Coster, Santana)
9. "No One to Depend On" (Carabello, Rolie, Escovedo)
10. "Toussaint L'Ouverture" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
11. "Aqua Marine" (Pasqua, Santana)
12. "Just in Time to See the Sun" (Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
13. "Song of the Wind" (Rolie, Santana, Schon)
14. "Lightning in the Sky" (Santana, Solberg)
15. "Savor" (Areas, Brown, Carabello, Rolie, Santana, Shrieve)
16. "Jin-go-lo-ba" (Babatunde Olatunji
17. "You Know That I Love You" (Ligertwood, Pasqua, Santana)
18. "Stand Up" (Santana, Solberg)
19. "Runnin" (Margen)
20. "Soul Sacrifice" (Santana, Rolie, Brown, Malone)
21. "Incident at Neshabur" (Gianquinto, Santana)
22. "Oye Como Va" (Tito Puente)
23. "She's Not There" (Rod Argent)
24. "Transcendance" (Santana)
25. "I Want You" (Ross, Ware)
26. "Evil Ways" (Henry)

Tour dates

Australian leg (October 1–10)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1979)	City	Country	Venue
October 1	Adelaide	Australia	Apollo Stadium
October 2
October 3	Melbourne		Festival Hall
October 4
October 5
October 7	Brisbane		Brisbane Festival Hall
October 8	Sydney		Hordern Pavilion
October 9
October 10

Japanese leg (October 16–25)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1979)	City	Country	Venue
October 16	Fukuoka	Japan	Fukuoka Kyuden Kinen Gymnasium
October 18	Hiroshima		Yubin Chokin Hall
October 19	Osaka		Osaka Kōsei Nenkin Kaikan
October 21 [lower-alpha 1]	Tokyo		Korakuen Hall
October 22			Nippon Budokan
October 23
October 24	Osaka		Festival Hall
October 25

U.S. leg (October 28 – December 2)

List of tour dates with date, city, country, venue

Date (1979)	City	Country	Venue
October 28	Honolulu	United States	Aloha Stadium
November 15	San Diego		Fox Theatre
November 16	Long Beach		Terrace Theater
November 17 (2 shows)	San Francisco		Warfield Theatre
November 21 (2 shows)	Detroit		Detroit Masonic Temple
November 22	Chicago		Uptown Theatre
November 24	Hempstead		Calderone Concert Hall
November 25	New York City		Palladium
November 27	Washington, D.C.		DAR Constitution Hall
November 28	Passaic		Capitol Theatre
November 29	Boston		Music Hall
November 30	Upper Darby Township		Tower Theater
December 2	Atlanta		Fox Theatre

Box office score data

List of box office score data with date, city, venue, attendance, gross, references

Date (1979)	City	Venue	Attendance	Gross	Ref(s)
October 28	Honolulu, United States	Aloha Stadium	12,193	$123,405	[136]
November 15	San Diego, United States	Fox Theatre	2,285 / 2,285	$21,350	[137]
November 16	Long Beach, United States	Terrace Theater	2,884 / 2,884	$27,932	[137]
November 17 (2 shows)	San Francisco, United States	Warfield Theatre	4,199 / 4,199	$39,301	[137]
November 29	Boston, United States	Music Hall	4,200 / 4,200	$38,837	[138]
TOTAL			25,761	$250,825

Notes

1. The concert on October 21 was a part of Guitar Wars.

References

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Bibliography

• Santana, Carlos (2014). The Universal Tone: Bringing My Story to Light. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN   978-0-31624-492-3.
• Leng, Simon (2000). Soul Sacrifice: The Santana Story. Firefly. ISBN   0-946-71929-2.