List of town tramway systems in the United Kingdom

Last updated

This is a list of town tramway systems in the United Kingdom divided by constituent country and by regions of England. It includes all tram systems, past and present. Most of the tram systems operated on 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge (SG) or 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) track, although there were a small number of other gauges used. Where known, the track gauge is indicated in the 'Notes' column.

Contents

Most of these systems have closed, but a list of the remaining systems can be found at List of modern tramway and light rail systems in the United Kingdom.

At the peak of Britain’s first-generation tramways, it was possible to travel by tram all the way from Pier Head at Liverpool to the Pennines in Rochdale by tram.

[1]

England, by region

East Midlands

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Alford Alford and Sutton Tramway Steam2 April 1884December 1889 [2] 2 ft 6 in (762 mm)
Burton upon Trent Burton upon Trent Corporation Tramways Electric3 August 190331 December 1929 [3] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Burton and Ashby Light Railways Electric13 June 190619 February 1927 [4] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Chesterfield Chesterfield and District Tramways Horse8 November 1882end of 1904 [5] SG
Chesterfield Corporation Tramways Electric20 December 190423 May 1927 [6] SG
Derby Derby Tramways Company Horse6 March 18801 June 1907 [7] 4 ft (1,219 mm)
Derby Corporation Tramways Electric27 July 190429 June 1934 [8] 4 ft (1,219 mm)
Ilkeston Ilkeston Corporation Tramways Electric16 May 190315 January 1931 [9] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Leicester Leicester Tramways Company Horse24 December 187431 October 1904 [10] SG
Leicester Corporation Tramways Electric18 May 19049 November 1949 [11] SG
Lincoln Lincoln Tramways Company Horse8 September 188222 July 1905 [12] SG
Lincoln Corporation Tramways Electric23 November 19054 March 1929 [13] SG
Mansfield Mansfield & District Light Railways.Electric16 July 19059 October 1932 [14] SG
Matlock Matlock Cable Tramway Cable28 March 189330 September 1927 [15] SG
Northampton Northampton Street Tramways Horse4 June 188118 August 1904 [16] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Northampton Corporation Tramways Electric21 July 190415 December 1934 [17] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Nottingham Nottingham and District Tramways Company Limited Horse17 September 187830 April 1902 [18] SG
Steam18851889 [18] SG
Nottingham Corporation Tramways Electric1 January 19015 September 1936 [19] SG
Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Tramways Company Electric4 July 19135 October 1932 [20] SG
Nottingham Express Transit Electric9 March 2004  [21] SG

East of England

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Cambridge Cambridge Street Tramways Horse28 October 188018 February 1914 [22] SG
Canvey Island Canvey Island TramwaysHorse1901c.1904 [23] Monorail. [24]
Colchester Colchester Corporation Tramways Electric28 July 19048 December 1929 [25] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Ipswich Ipswich Tramway Horse13 October 18806 June 1903 [26] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Ipswich Corporation Tramways Electric23 November 190326 July 1926 [27] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Lowestoft Lowestoft Corporation Tramways Electric22 July 19038 May 1931 [28] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Luton Luton Corporation Tramways Electric21 February 190816 April 1932 [29] SG
Norwich Norwich Electric Tramways Electric30 July 190010 December 1935 [30] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Peterborough Peterborough Tramways Electric24 January 190315 November 1930 [31] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Southend-on-Sea Southend-on-Sea Corporation Tramways Electric19 July 19018 April 1942 [32] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Wisbech Wisbech and Upwell Tramway Steam/Diesel20 August 188331 December 1927 [33] SG
Great Yarmouth Yarmouth and Gorleston Tramways Horse25 March 18754 July 1905 [34] 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) then 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Great Yarmouth Corporation Tramways Electric19 June 190214 December 1933 [35] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)

Greater London

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
London  Horse23 March 1861
2 May 1870		1861
30 April 1915		SG
Cable18841909 . SG.
Accumulator (storage battery)18891892SG
Electric4 April 19015 July 1952SG. see Trams in London. Tram tunnel (Kingsway tramway subway), 24 February 1906 – 5 April 1952.

Note: Horse tramways existed as several unconnected systems north of the Thames, a system (owned and operated by several undertakings) south of the River Thames, and two unconnected systems at Croydon.

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Kew Bridge–Richmond West Metropolitan Tramways CompanyHorse18831912SG. Not electrified.

Electric tramways – Inner London

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
  London County Council  15 May 19035 July 1952To London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB) from 1 July 1933. Nationalised on 1 January 1948 as the London Transport Executive.

Note: The LCC tramway system was assembled from predecessors including fourteen municipal and three company undertakings. Tramways were not built in the City of London and the West End of London because of local opposition. The South London system had segments north of the Thames, notably the Victoria Embankment. However, this system was not connected to the North London system until construction of the Kingsway tramway subway. Reintroduction planned: (Cross River Tram scheme), Camden Town / Kings Cross–Euston–Waterloo–Brixton / Peckham .

Other electric tramway operators

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Tramways absorbed by the London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB), or closed previously. Clockwise from north:
Walthamstow Walthamstow Urban District Council Light Railways Electric3 June 19051939SG. To LPTB from 1 July 1933.
Leyton Leyton Urban District Council Tramways Electric1 June 19051939SG
West Ham West Ham Corporation Tramways Electric27 February 19041940SG
East Ham East Ham Corporation Tramways Electric22 June 19011940SG
Ilford Ilford Urban District Council Tramways Electric14 March 19031938SG
Barking (Town) Barking Town Urban District Council Light Railways Electric1 December 190316 February 1929SG. (Last tramway line in Barking closed prior to creation of LPTB.)
Bexley Bexley Urban District Council Tramways Electric3 October 190324 November 1935SG
Erith Erith Urban District Council Tramways Electric26 August 19059 November 1935SG
Dartford Dartford Urban District Council Light Railways Electric14 February 190623 November 1935SG. Taken over by London Transport on 1 July 1933 and closed 23 November 1935
Croydon Croydon Tramways Company Horse9 October 18793 January 1902SG
Croydon Corporation Tramways Electric26 September 19017 April 1951SG
South Metropolitan Electric Tramways Electric14 February 1906September 1937
West and South London London United Tramways Electric4 April 19011931SG
Middlesex, Hertfordshire Metropolitan Electric Tramways Horse2 May 18701904 (?)SG
Electric22 July 19041939SG
Currently operating or proposed:
Croydon/South London Tramlink Electric10 May 2000SG.
Camden–Peckham/Brixton Cross River Tram ElectricProposal shelved since 2008SG
Uxbridge–Shepherd's Bush West London Tram ElectricProposal shelved since 2007SG

North East England

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Darlington Darlington Street Railroad Company Horse1 January 18621 January 1865 SG
Stockton and Darlington Steam Tramway Company Horse18801904 3 ft (914 mm). Horse operated despite the company title. Not connected to the Stockton system operated by this company.
Darlington Corporation Light Railways Electric2 June 190410 April 19263 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). [ permanent dead link ].
Teesside Middlesbrough and Stockton Tramways Company Horse20 January 18751898SG. Sold out to Imperial Tramways Company in 1878
Stockton and Darlington Steam Tramway Company Steam17 November 188118934 ft (1,219 mm). Not connected to the Darlington system operated by this company. Sold to the Stockton and District Tramways Company in 1893
Stockton and District Tramways Company Steam189318964 ft (1,219 mm). Sold out to Imperial Tramways Company
Middlesbrough, Stockton and Thornaby Electric Tramways Company Electric21 May 18982 April 1921 3 ft 7 in (1,093 mm). Operated by Imperial Tramways Company
Middlesbrough Corporation Tramways Electric3 April 19219 June 1934 3 ft 7 in (1,093 mm). Middlesbrough, Stockton and Thornaby Electric Tramways Company until 1921
Stockton-on-Tees Corporation Tramways Electric3 April 19219 June 19343 ft 7 in (1,093 mm). Middlesbrough, Stockton and Thornaby Electric Tramways Company until 1921
Thornaby on Tees Corporation Tramways Electric3 April 19211 August 19303 ft 7 in (1,093 mm). Middlesbrough, Stockton and Thornaby Electric Tramways Company until 1921
Newcastle-upon-Tyne Newcastle and Gosforth Tramways and Carriage Company Horse5 December 187813 April 1901SG
Steam18821897SG
Newcastle Corporation Tramways Electric16 December 19014 March 1950SG. . Through workings to Gateshead from 1923. Newcastle served by Gateshead tramway system to 4 August 1951.
Gosforth–Wallsend–North Shields (Tyneside) Tyneside Tramways and Tramroads Company Electric22 September 19026 April 1930 SG
North Shields–Tynemouth–Whitley Bay (Tynemouth) Tynemouth and District Tramways Horse188318843 ft (914 mm). Taken over by North Shields and District Tramways Company in 1884 and North Shields and Tynemouth District Tramways in 1897
Steam18841900
Tynemouth and District Electric Traction Company Electric18 March 19014 August 19313 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Gateshead Gateshead and District Tramways Company SteamOctober 18838 May 1901 SG
Electric8 May 19014 August 1951SG. . Through working to Newcastle from 1923.
South Shields South Shields Tramways Horse1 August 1883

Mar 1887

1885

31 January 1906

 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
South Shields Corporation Tramways Electric30 March 190631 March 1946SG. .
Jarrow Jarrow and District Electric Tramway Electric9 November 190630 June 1929SG. .
Sunderland Sunderland Tramways Company Horse28 April 187919 February 1901 SG
Steam18801880 
Sunderland Corporation Tramways Electric15 August 19001 October 1954SG. .
Grangetown–Ryhope–Philadelphia–Hetton-le-Hole (Sunderland District) Sunderland District Electric Tramways Electric10 June 190512 July 1925SG.
West Hartlepool Hartlepools Steam Tramways Company Steam2 August 188421 February 1891 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Hartlepool Electric Tramways Electric19 May 189625 March 1927 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)

North West England

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Accrington Accrington Corporation Steam Tramways Company Steam5 April 188631 December 19074 ft (1,219 mm)
Accrington Corporation Tramways Electric1 January 190831 March 1932 4 ft (1,219 mm)
Ashton-under-Lyne Ashton-Under-Lyne Corporation Tramways Electric19 August 190228 February 1938SG
Oldham, Ashton and Hyde Electric TramwayElectric12 June 18991947SG
Manchester Metrolink Electric11 February 2013SG
Atherton South Lancashire Tramways Electric20 October 190216 December 1933 [36] SG
Barrow-in-Furness Barrow-in-Furness Tramways Company Steam11 July 188513 July 19034 ft (1,219 mm)
Electric6 February 19045 April 1932SG
Birkenhead Birkenhead Tramways Company Horse30 August 18608 November 1901 [36] 5 ft 2 in (1,575 mm) then SG
Hoylake and Birkenhead Tramways Horse6 September 187312 October 1879SG. Taken over by the Birkenhead Tramways Company
Wirral Tramways Company Horse23 July 187722 January 1901SG. Taken over by the Birkenhead Tramways Company
Birkenhead Corporation Tramways Electric4 February 190117 July 1937 [36] SG
Wirral Tramway Electric14 April 1995-SG
Blackburn Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramways Company Steam16 April 18819 July 19013 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Blackburn Corporation Tramways Horse28 May 18871901SG
Electric20 March 18993 September 1949SG
Blackpool Blackpool and Fleetwood Tramroad Electric14 July 18981 January 1920SG. Taken over by Blackpool Corporation Tramways
Blackpool Electric Tramway Company Electric12 September 188510 September 1892SG. Taken over by Blackpool Corporation Tramways
Blackpool Corporation Tramways Horse, Conduit Electric and Overhead Electric10 September 1892 SG
Bolton Bolton Corporation Tramways Horse1 September 18801 January 1899 
Electric9 December 18991947SG
Burnley Burnley & District Tramways CompanySteamAugust 18811 March 1900SG
Burnley Corporation Tramways Electric16 December 19017 May 19354 ft (1,219 mm)
Bury  Horse ? ? 
Manchester, Bury, Rochdale and Oldham Tramways Steam1886April 1904SG and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Bury Corporation Tramways Electric3 June 190313 February 1949SG
Manchester Metrolink Electric6 April 1992 SG
Carlisle City of Carlisle Electric Tramways Electric30 June 190021 November 19313 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Chester Chester Tramways Company Horse10 June 187927 December 1902 [36] SG
Chester Corporation Tramways Electric6 April 190315 February 1930 [36] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Colne Colne and Trawden Light Railway Company Electric28 November 19036 January 19344 ft (1,219 mm)
Darwen Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramways Company Steam16 April 188116 October 19003 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Darwen Corporation Tramways Electric16 October 19005 October 19464 ft (1,219 mm)
Farnworth Farnworth Council Tramways Horse, then electric9 January 19021 April 1906Taken over by South Lancashire Tramways
Glossop Glossop Tramway Electric21 August 190324 December 1927 
Haslingden Haslingden Corporation Tramways Electric1 January 190830 April 1930Nominally independent, in practice part of Accrington Corporation Tramways
Heywood Heywood Corporation Tramways Steam10 December 190420 September 1905Taken over by Rochdale Corporation Tramways
Lancaster Lancaster Corporation Tramways Electric14 January 19034 April 1930SG
Lancaster and District Tramways Horse2 August 189031 December 1921 
Liverpool Old Swan Tramway Horse18611862
Liverpool Tramways Company Horse1 November 186925 August 1903 [36] SG
Liverpool Corporation Tramways Electric16 November 189814 September 1957 [36] SG
Great Crosby Tramway Electric19 June 190031 December 1925 [36]
Waterloo & Great Crosby Waterloo and Great Crosby Tramways Company Electric19 June 190031 December 1925 
Lytham St Annes  Town Gas11 July 18961903 [37]
Lytham St. Annes Corporation Tramways Electric28 May 190328 April 1937SG
Manchester Manchester and Salford Tramways Horse17 May 187731 March 1903 
Manchester Corporation Tramways Electric6 June 190110 January 1949SG
Manchester Metrolink Electric6 April 1992 SG
Middleton Middleton Electric Traction Company Electric27 March 19021935 
Morecambe Morecambe Tramways Company Horse3 June 188715 January 1912 
Petrol15 January 191224 October 1924 
Morecambe Corporation Tramways Horse26 July 19096 October 1926 
Nelson Nelson Corporation Tramways Electric23 February 19036 January 19344 ft (1,219 mm)
Oldham  Horse16 September 18801 November 1901 
SteamNovember 188519 November 1901 
Oldham Corporation Tramways Electric15 December 19003 August 1946SG
Manchester Metrolink Electric13 June 2012 SG
Preston Preston Tramways Company Horse20 March 187931 December 1903SG
Preston Corporation Tramways Electric7 June 190415 December 1934SG
Radcliffe  Electric4 January 19058 October 1938 
Rawtenstall Rossendale Valley Tramways Steam10 November 188723 July 1909 
Rawtenstall Corporation Tramways Electric15 May 190931 March 19324 ft (1,219 mm)
Rawtenstall–BacupSteam1889 ? 
Electric19091932 
Rochdale Manchester, Bury, Rochdale and Oldham Steam Tramways CompanySteam7 March 18838 May 1905 
Rochdale Corporation Tramways Electric22 May 19023 July 1932SG
Manchester Metrolink Electric28 February 2013 SG
St. Helens St Helens and District Tramways Company Horse5 November 1881May 1890 [36]
Steam24 May 18907 April 1900 [36]
New St Helens and District Tramways Electric20 July 18991 October 1919 [36] SG
St Helens Corporation Tramways Electric1 October 191931 March 1936 [36] SG
Salford Salford Tramway Horse18611872 
 Horse30 July 1877by October 1903 
Salford Corporation Tramways Electric4 October 190131 March 1947 
Manchester Metrolink Electric21 July 2000SG
Southport Southport Tramways Company Electric18 July 190031 December 1934 [36]
Southport Corporation Tramways Electric18 July 190031 December 1934 [36] SG
Southport Pier Tramway Various1862June 20153 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Replaced by land train. [38]
Birkdale Birkdale and Southport Tramways Company Horse12 May 18831896 
Stalybridge  Horse14 June 188114 October 1903 
Stalybridge, Hyde, Mossley and Dukinfield Tramways Electric12 June 189921 May 1945 
Stockport Stockport and Hazel Grove Tramway Horse7 May 188024 January 1905 
Stockport Corporation Tramways Electric26 August 190125 August 1951 
Trafford Trafford Park Tramways Gas, electric23 July 18971 May 1908 
Manchester Metrolink Electric6 April 1992SG
Wallasey Wallasey United Tramway and Omnibus CompanyHorse30 June 187919 March 1902 [36]
Wallasey Corporation Tramways Electric17 March 190230 November 1933 [36] SG
Warrington Warrington Corporation Tramways Electric21 April 190228 August 1935 [36] SG
Wigan Wigan and District Tramways Horse2 August 18801882 [36]
Steam8 August 188226 September 1904 [36]
Wigan Corporation Tramways Electric25 January 190128 March 1931 [36] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and SG

South East England

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Aldershot and Farnborough Aldershot and Farnborough Tramways Company Horse 1906 
Brighton Brighton Corporation Tramways Electric25 November 190131 August 19393 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Chatham Chatham and District Light Railways Company Electric17 June 190230 September 19303 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Served Chatham, Rochester and Gillingham.
Dover Dover Corporation Tramways Electric6 September 189731 December 19363 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). .
Folkestone (Sandgate)–Hythe Folkestone, Hythe and Sandgate Tramways Horse18 May 189130 September 1921SG. Operation suspended 7 August 1914 – May 1919, operated only during summer season 1919–1921.
Gravesend Gravesend, Rosherville and Northfleet Tramways Horse15 June 188330 June 19013 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Gravesend and Northfleet Electric Tramways Electric2 August 190228 February 1929SG
Hastings Hastings and District Electric Tramways Electric31 July 190515 May 19293 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Maidstone Maidstone Corporation Tramways Electric14 July 190411 February 19303 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Margate–Ramsgate (Isle of Thanet) Isle of Thanet Electric Tramways and Lighting Company Electric4 April 190124 March 19373 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Oxford City of Oxford Tramways Company Horse1 December 18817 August 19144 ft (1,219 mm)
Portsmouth Portsmouth Street Tramways Horse15 May 18651 January 1901 
Portsmouth Corporation Transport Electric24 September 190110 October 19364 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm). .
Cosham–Horndean Portsdown and Horndean Light Railway Electric3 March 19039 January 19354 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Gosport–Fareham Gosport and Fareham Tramways Electric20 December 190531 December 1929 
Reading Reading Tramways Company Horse187921 July 19034 ft (1,219 mm)
Reading Corporation Tramways Electric22 July 190320 May 19394 ft (1,219 mm)
Rye–Camber Rye and Camber Tramway Steam1895 ?3 ft (914 mm)
 ?Petrol (gasoline)4 September 1939 .
Sheerness Sheerness and District Tramways Electric9 April 19037 July 19173 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). [ permanent dead link ].
Shoreham-by-Sea Brighton and Shoreham Tramways Steam, then horse3 July 18846 June 19133 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Despite the company name, it never ran into Brighton.
Southampton Southampton Tramways Company Horse5 May 18791 July 1898SG
Southampton Corporation Tramways Electric1 July 189831 December 1949SG
Wantage Wantage Tramway Horse11 October 1875188_SG
Steam1 August 187631 July 1925SG
Wolverton–Stony Stratford Wolverton and Stony Stratford Tramway Steam27 May 18874 May 19263 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). .

South West England

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Bath Bath Tramways Company Horse24 December 188025 July 1902 [39] 4 ft (1,219 mm)
Bath Electric Tramways Company Electric2 January 19046 May 1939 [39] SG

There is currently a proposal to re-instate the tram system

Bristol Bristol Tramways and Carriage Co Ltd Horse9 August 18751900 [39]
Steam18801881 [39]
Electric14 October 189511 April 1941 [39]

Closed because of bomb damage

Bournemouth Bournemouth Corporation Tramways Electric23 July 19028 April 1936 [40] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Camborne Camborne and Redruth Tramways Electric7 November 190229 September 1927 [39] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Cheltenham Cheltenham and District Light Railway Electric17 August 190131 December 19303 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Devonport Devonport and District Tramways Electric26 June 190120 October 19153 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Taken over by Plymouth Corporation Tramways
Exeter Exeter Tramway Company Horse6 April 18824 April 1905 [39] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Exeter Corporation Tramways Electric4 April 190519 August 1931 [39] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Gloucester Gloucester Tramways Company Horse26 May 187917 March 19044 ft (1,219 mm)
Gloucester Corporation Tramways Electric7 May 190412 January 19333 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Poole Poole and District Electric Tramways Electric6 April 19018 June 19353 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). A British Electric Traction company; sold to Poole Corporation and leased to Bournemouth Corporation Tramways from June 1905 [40]
Plymouth Plymouth, Devonport and District Tramways Steam4 November 188414 November 1885 [39] SG, then converted to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport Tramways Horse, then electric18 March 18721 July 19223 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Taken over by Plymouth Corporation Tramways
Plymouth Corporation Tramways Electric22 September 189929 September 1945 [39] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Seaton, Devon Seaton Tramway Electric28 August 1970operational2 ft 9 in (838 mm)
Swindon Swindon Corporation Tramways Electric22 September 190411 July 19293 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Taunton Taunton Electric Traction Co Ltd Electric21 August 190128 May 1921 [39] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Torquay Torquay Tramways Co Ltd Electric4 April 190731 January 1934 [39] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Weston-super-Mare Weston-super-Mare & District Electric Supply Co Ltd Electric13 May 190217 April 1937 [39] SG

West Midlands

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Birmingham Birmingham and District Tramways Company Horse20 May 187224 May 18763 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Sold to the Birmingham Tramways and Omnibus Company
Birmingham Tramways and Omnibus Company Horse24 May 1876January 18863 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Sold to the Birmingham Central Tramway Company
Birmingham and Aston Tramways Company Steam26 December 188230 June 19023 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Sold to Aston Manor Urban District Council and leased to the City of Birmingham Tramways Company
Birmingham Central Tramway Company Horse, steam, cable and accumulator25 November 188429 September 18963 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Sold to the City of Birmingham Tramways Company
Birmingham and Midland TramwaysSteam, horse and electric6 July 18851 April 1928From 13 August 1912 the Company name was changed to the Birmingham District Power and Traction Company
Birmingham and Western Districts Tramways CompanySteamAugust 18851899Sold to British Electric Traction
City of Birmingham Tramways Company Horse, steam, cable and accumulator29 September 189631 December 19113 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Sold to Birmingham Corporation Tramways
Birmingham Corporation Tramways Electric14 May 19014 July 19533 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
West Midlands Metro Electric30 May 1999 SG
Stourbridge Dudley and Stourbridge Steam Tramways Company Steam21 May 188425 July 18993 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Dudley, Stourbridge and District Electric Traction Company Electric26 July 18991 March 19303 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Part of "Black Country Tramway System".
Stourbridge Kinver Light Railway Electric4 April 19018 February 19303 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Part of "Black Country Tramway System". .
Wednesbury South Staffordshire and Birmingham District Steam Tramways Company Steam188318933 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
South Staffordshire Tramways Company Electric1 January 18931 April 19243 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Part of "Black Country Tramway System". To Dudley, Stourbridge and District undertaking from 17 December 1930.
West Midlands Metro Electric30 May 1999 SG
Walsall South Staffordshire and Birmingham District Steam Tramways Company Steam188319013 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Walsall Corporation Tramways Electric1 January 190130 September 19333 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Wolverhampton Wolverhampton Tramways Company Horse1 May 18781 May 1900SG. Purchased by Wolverhampton Corporation and converted to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Wolverhampton Corporation Tramways Electric6 February 190211 July 19283 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). , .
West Midlands Metro Electric30 May 1999 SG
Wolverhampton–Dudley Dudley, Sedgley and Wolverhampton Tramways Company Horse1 May 187818 October 1888 
Midland Tramways Company Horse18 October 18881893 
Dudley and Wolverhampton Tramways Company Horse18931899 
Wolverhampton District Electric Tramways Company Electric9 January 190219293 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Part of "Black Country Tramway System". To Wolverhampton Corporation Tramways from 1 September 1928.
Coventry Coventry and District Tramways Company Steam188418933 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Coventry Electric Tramways Company Electric5 December 18951 January 19123 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Coventry Corporation Tramways Electric1 January 191214 November 19403 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). . Closed because of bomb damage.
Coventry Very Light Rail Battery PoweredUnder Construction (TBC 2024) SG
Kidderminster–Stourport (-on-Severn) Kidderminster and Stourport Electric Tramway Company Electric25 May 18982 April 1929.3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Unconnected part of "Black Country Tramway System".
(Royal) Leamington (Spa)–Warwick Leamington & Warwick Tramways & Omnibus Company Horse21 November 188115 March 1905SG
Electric15 July 190516 August 1930SG
Stoke-on-Trent (The Potteries) Staffordshire Potteries Street Railway Company Horse13 January 18622 March 18801,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
North Staffordshire Tramways Company Steam22 April 188127 June 18984 ft (1,219 mm)
Potteries Electric Traction Company Electric16 May 189919284 ft (1,219 mm). Also served Newcastle-under-Lyme.
Worcester Tramways Trust Company Horse188118853 ft (914 mm)
City of Worcester Tramways Company Horse188918943 ft (914 mm)
Worcester Tramways Company Horse189425 June 19033 ft (914 mm)
Worcester Electric Traction Company Electric6 February 190431 May 19283 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)

Yorkshire and the Humber

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Cleethorpes Great Grimsby Street Tramways Company Horse18811901SG
Electric1 January 1902November 1936SG
Cleethorpes Corporation Tramways ElectricNovember 1936July 1937SG. Cleethorpes took over the Great Grimsby Street Tramways lines within their boundary, the remainder going to Grimsby
Doncaster Doncaster Corporation Tramways Electric2 June 19028 June 1935SG
(Great) Grimsby Great Grimsby Street Tramways Company Horse18811901SG
Electric1 January 190215 July 1936SG
Grimsby Corporation Tramways Electric15 July 193617 July 1937SG
Grimsby–Immingham Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway Steam3 January 190114 May 1912SG
Electric15 May 19121 July 1961SG. [ permanent dead link ].
(Kingston upon) Hull Hull Street Tramways Company Horse9 January 18751899SG. Company in liquidation 1889, acquired by Hull Corporation 1895, last horse tram in city 1899
Drypool and Marfleet Steam Tramways Company Steam22 May 18891899SG. Acquired by Hull Corporation 1899, last steam tram operated 1901
City of Hull Tramways Electric5 July 189930 June 1945SG. Formed from the acquisition of Hull Street Tramways and Drypool and Marfleet Steam Tramways Company, system electrified 1899–1901
Trams replaced by trolleybuses in late 1930s and 1940s.
Leeds Leeds Tramways Company Horse16 September 187113 October 1901SG
Steam17 June 18801 April 1902SG
Leeds Corporation Tramways Electric11 November 18917 November 1959SG
Bradford Bradford Tramways Company Horse1 February 1882by 19034 ft (1,219 mm)
Bradford Tramways Company and Bradford and Shelf Tramway Company Steam8 August 1882by 19034 ft (1,219 mm)
Bradford Corporation Tramways ElectricMarch 1892

30 June 1898

March 1892

6 May 1950

4 ft (1,219 mm)
Keighley Keighley Tramways Company Horse8 May 188928 May 19044 ft (1,219 mm)
Keighley Corporation Tramways Electric12 October 190417 December 1924SG
Shipley Shipley Tramways Company Horse3 August 18829 October 1891 
Mid-Yorkshire Tramways Electric23 July 190330 April 1904Taken over by Bradford Corporation Tramways
Halifax Halifax Corporation Tramways Electric9 June 189814 February 19393 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Huddersfield   Huddersfield Corporation Tramways Horse16 November 18821 April 1888 4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Steam11 January 188321 June 19024 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Electric14 February 190129 June 19404 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Dewsbury Yorkshire (Woollen District) Electric Tramways Electric18 February 190331 October 1934SG. Also includes Batley Corporation Tramways
Dewsbury–Batley–Birstall Dewsbury, Batley and Birstall Tramways Company Horse and steam25 July 187426 September 1905 
Dewsbury–Ossett Dewsbury, Ossett and Soothill Nether Tramways Electric11 November 190819 October 1933 
Wakefield Wakefield and District Light Railway Electric15 August 190425 July 1932SG
Castleford Yorkshire (West Riding) Electric Tramways Electric29 October 19061 November 1925SG
Scarborough Scarborough Tramways Company Electric6 May 190430 September 19313 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Sheffield Sheffield Tramways Company Horse6 October 187311 November 1902SG
Sheffield Corporation Tramways Electric5 September 18998 October 1960SG
Sheffield Supertram Electric21 March 1994in operationSG.
Rotherham Rotherham Tramway Electric31 January 190313 November 1949SG
Sheffield Supertram Electric28 October 2018in operationSG Tram-train
Mexborough–Swinton Mexborough & Swinton Tramways Company Electric16 February 190719 March 1929SG
(Wath-upon-) Dearne (Dearne District) Dearne District Light Railways Electric14 July 192430 September 1933 . "Last" tramway system opened in the UK (until Manchester Metrolink).
Barnsley Barnsley and District Tramway Electric31 October 190231 August 1930SG
York York Tramways Company and City of York Tramways Company Horse1880 ?4 ft (1,219 mm)
York Corporation Tramways Electric20 January 191016 November 19353 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)

Scotland

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Aberdeen Aberdeen District Tramways Horse18741900SG
Aberdeen Corporation Tramways Electric23 December 18993 May 1958SG. Replaced by motor buses
Aberdeen–Bankhead and Aberdeen–Bieldside Aberdeen Suburban Tramways Electric23 June 19049 June 1927SG. Replaced by Aberdeen Corporation motor buses
Ayr Ayr Corporation Tramways Electric26 September 190131 December 1931SG. Replaced by Western SMT motor buses
Carstairs West Carstairs House Tramway Electric6 February 188619052 ft 6 in (762 mm). First permanent electric railway in Scotland
Horse190519352 ft 6 in (762 mm)
Cruden Bay Cruden Bay Hotel Tramway Electric189931 October 19323 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Great North of Scotland Railway tramway linking Cruden Bay Hotel to railway station, replaced by a Rolls-Royce car
Dumbarton Dumbarton Burgh and County Tramways Electric20 February 19073 March 19284 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm). Defunct, replaced by competitors' motor buses
Dundee Dundee and District Tramways Horse30 August 187712 July 1900SG
Steam188515 May 1902SG
Dundee Corporation Tramways Electric13 July 190020 October 1956SG. Replaced by motor buses
Dundee–Broughty Ferry Dundee, Broughty Ferry and District Tramways Electric27 October 190516 May 1931SG. Replaced by Dundee Corporation motor buses. Acquired by Dundee Corporation Tramways in 1931.
Dunfermline Dunfermline and District Tramways Electric2 November 190915 July 19373 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Replaced by Walter Alexander & Sons buses
Edinburgh Edinburgh Street Tramways Horse6 November 187123 October 1904SG
Steam23 April 188127 October 1882SG. Previous operations in 1876, 1877 and 1880.
Edinburgh Northern Tramways Cable28 January 188823 June 1923SG
Edinburgh Corporation Tramways Electric8 June 191016 November 1956SG. Replaced by buses. For new tramway see Edinburgh Trams.
Edinburgh Trams Electric31 May 2014in operationSG
Leith Leith Corporation Tramways Horse16 November 187124 August 1907SG. Incorporated into Edinburgh Corporation Tramways in 1922.
Electric18 May 190520 November 1920SG. Absorbed by Edinburgh Corporation Tramways 1920, last trams ran in Leith 11 March 1956.
Edinburgh Trams Electric7 June 2023in operationSG
Musselburgh Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company Electric12 December 190415 February 1928SG. Absorbed by Edinburgh Corporation Tramways 1928, last trams ran in Musselburgh 1954.
Falkirk Falkirk and District Tramways Electric21 October 190521 July 19364 ft (1,219 mm). Replaced by Walter Alexander & Sons motor buses
Glasgow Glasgow Tramway and Omnibus Company Horse19 August 187218984 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Steam1877 ?4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Glasgow Corporation Tramways Electric13 October 189831 August 19624 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm). Replaced by motor buses and trolleybuses .
Govan  Horse18731877 
SteamAugust 18771901 
Electric10 August 19011912operated by Glasgow Corporation, Burgh of Govan amalgamated with Glasgow in 1912
Airdrie and Coatbridge Airdrie and Coatbridge Tramways Electric18 February 190431 December 1921.4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm). Absorbed by Glasgow Corporation Tramways 1921, last trams ran in Coatbridge 3 November 1956
Paisley Paisley Tramways Company Horse30 December 188521 November 19034 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
Paisley District Tramways Company Electric13 June 19041 August 19234 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm). Absorbed by Glasgow Corporation Tramways 1923, last trams ran in Paisley 11 May 1957
Greenock Greenock & Port Glasgow Tramway Co.Horse7 June 18731901 
Electric190115 July 1929replaced by motor buses
Inchture Inchture Village Tram Horse18951916SG. Caledonian Railway horse tramway linking village to railway station
Kilmarnock Kilmarnock Corporation Tramways Electric10 December 19043 May 1926SG. Replaced by motor buses
Kirkcaldy Kirkcaldy Corporation Tramways Electric28 February 190315 May 19313 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Replaced by Walter Alexander & Sons motor buses
Kirkcaldy to Leven Wemyss and District Tramways Company Electric25 August 190630 January 19323 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Replaced by motor buses
Motherwell and Hamilton area Lanarkshire Tramways Electric22 July 190314 February 19314 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm). Replaced by motor buses
Perth Perth and District Tramways Horse17 September 18957 October 19033 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Perth Corporation Tramways Electric31 October 190519 January 19293 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Replaced by Walter Alexander & Sons motor buses
Rothesay Rothesay and Ettrick Bay Light Railway Horse1 June 18822 March 19024 ft (1,219 mm)
Electric19 August 190230 September 19363 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Replaced by motor buses
Stirling Stirling and Bridge of Allan Tramways Horse27 July 187420 May 1920SG. Replaced by Scottish General Omnibus Co. motor buses

Wales

North Wales

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Barmouth Barmouth Junction and Arthog Tramway Horse189919033 ft (914 mm)
Fairbourne Fairbourne Tramway Horse189819162 ft (610 mm)
Glyn Ceiriog Glyn Valley Tramway Horse1 April 187431 March 18862 ft 4+1⁄2 in (724 mm)
Glyn Valley Tramway Steam15 March 18916 April 19332 ft 4+1⁄2 in (724 mm)
Harlech Harlech Tramway Horse18781886 
Llandudno Llandudno and Colwyn Bay Electric Railway Ltd Electric19 October 190724 March 1956 [36] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Great Orme Tramway Cable31 July 1902in operation [36] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Pwllheli Pwllheli Corporation Tramways Horse24 July 1899c. September 1920 [36] 2 ft 6 in (762 mm)
Pwllheli and Llanbedrog Tramway Horse1 August 189628 October 1927 [36] 3 ft (914 mm)
Wrexham Wrexham District Tramways Horse1 November 187626 April 1901
Wrexham and District Electric Tramways Electric4 April 190331 March 1927 [36] 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)

South Wales

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Aberdare Aberdare Urban District Council Tramways Electric9 October 191331 March 19353 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Cardiff Cardiff Tramways Company Horse12 July 187217 October 1902SG
Cardiff District and Penarth Harbour Tramways Horse28 November 188110 February 1903SG
Cardiff Corporation Tramways Electric2 May 190219 February 1950SG
Llanelly (Llanelli) Llanelly Tramways Horse28 September 188231 March 19083 ft (914 mm)
Llanelly and District Electric Tramways Electric19 July 191116 February 1933SG
Merthyr Tydfil Merthyr Tydfil Electric Tramways Electric6 April 190123 August 19393 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Neath Neath and District Tramways Company Horse9 November 18751899SG
Neath Corporation Tramways Gas31 August 18998 August 1920SG. "Gas" refers to town gas, not petrol (gasoline). One car is preserved locally at the Cefn Coed Colliery Museum.
Newport Newport Tramways Company Horse1 February 1875
30 July 1894		28 July 1894
3 November 1903		 
Newport Corporation Tramways Electric9 April 19035 September 19373 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Pontypridd Pontypridd and Rhondda Valley Tramway HorseMar 1888July 19033 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Pontypridd Urban District Council Tramways Electric5 March 190530 August 19313 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Rhondda Pontypridd and Rhondda Valley Tramway HorseMar 1888July 19033 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Rhondda Tramways Company Electric11 July 19081 February 19343 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
Swansea Swansea Improvements and Tramway Company Horse12 April 18781901SG
Steam18821884SG
Swansea Constitution Hill Incline Tramway Cable189819023 ft 6 in (1,067 mm). Street funicular.
Swansea Improvements and Tramway Company Electric30 June 190029 June 1937SG
Swansea–Mumbles Swansea and Mumbles Railway, Mumbles TrainHorse25 March 1807
1860		1826
1877		4 ft (1,219 mm) then SG. Believed to be the world's first public passenger rail service.
Early traction experiments included wind (sail mounted on passenger carriage). Passenger service withdrawn 1826, restored 1860 following reconstruction of the line.
Steam17 August 18771929SG. Two competing undertakings operated service on the line, ca. 1879 – ca. 1898. One used steam traction. The other was compelled (by court order, obtained by its rival) to use horse traction.
Traction experiments prior to electrification included accumulator (storage battery), petrol (gasoline) and diesel.
Electric2 March 19295 January 1960SG. . One car preserved following closure, but scrapped after being vandalised.

Northern Ireland

LocationName of systemTraction
type		Date (from)Date (to)Notes
Belfast Belfast Street Tramways Horse28 August 18721 January 19055 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) then SG
Sydenham District, Belfast, Tramway Horse18881902Purchased by Belfast Street Tramways in 1902
Belfast and Ligoniel Tramway Horse24 April 18931902Purchased by Belfast Street Tramways in 1902
Belfast and County Down Railway tramway Horse18941902Purchased by Belfast Corporation in 1902
Belfast Corporation Tramways Electric1 January 190510 February 19544 ft 9 in (1,448 mm)
Cavehill Whitewell Cavehill and Whitewell Tramway Steam1 July 18821892SG. Taken over by Belfast Corporation Tramways
Horse18921906
Electric12 February 19061 July 1911
Derry City of Derry Tramways Horse1 April 18971920SG
Fintona Londonderry and Enniskillen Railway (1853–83);
GNR(I) (1883–1957)		Steam15 June 185316 January 18545 ft 3 in (1,600 mm)
Horse16 January 185430 September 19575 ft 3 in (1,600 mm). Railway branch, worked by horse-drawn tram from 1854 to closure in 1957.
Bessbrook–Newry Bessbrook and Newry Tramway Electric1 October 188510 January 19483 ft (914 mm) , .
Glenanne–Loughgilly Glenanne Loughgilly Tramway Horse189719191 ft 10 in (559 mm)
Warrenpoint–Rostrevor Warrenpoint and Rostrevor Tramway Horse1 August 1877February 19153 ft (914 mm)
Portrush–Bushmills–Giant's Causeway Giant's Causeway, Portrush and Bush Valley Railway & Tramway Company, Ltd. Steam29 January 18831926(?)3 ft (914 mm)
Electric15 November 188330 September 19493 ft (914 mm). . Operation suspended during winter, 1927–1939, 1947–1948.
Portstewart Portstewart Tramway Steam188219263 ft (914 mm)

Note for Giant's Causeway Tramway: Portrush–Bushmills opened 29 January 1883. Bushmills–Giant's Causeway opened 1 July 1887. World's first use of electric traction with hydroelectric generation. Track built in street in Portrush.

Crown dependencies

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Waller, Peter (7 November 2022). Lost Tramways of England: Bolton, SLT, Wigan & St Helens: 15. Graffeg Limited. ISBN   978-1-80258-225-3.
  2. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 24–25
  3. ↑ Turner 2009 , p. 42
  4. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 42–43
  5. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 43–45
  6. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 45–46
  7. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 49–51
  8. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 51–52
  9. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 65–66
  10. ↑ Turner 2009 , p. 73
  11. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 73–76
  12. ↑ Turner 2009 , p. 76
  13. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 76–77
  14. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 77–78
  15. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 78–81
  16. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 81–83
  17. ↑ Turner 2009 , p. 83
  18. 1 2 Turner 2009 , pp. 84–85
  19. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 85–88
  20. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 89–90
  21. ↑ Turner 2009 , pp. 88–89
  22. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 49–52
  23. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 52–53
  24. ↑ Whitnall, Frank (1966). "The First Essex Monorail". Essex Countryside.
  25. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 58–60
  26. ↑ Turner 2007 , p. 91
  27. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 91–93
  28. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 128–129
  29. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 130–131
  30. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 135–137
  31. ↑ Turner 2007 , p. 138
  32. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 167–169
  33. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 186–189
  34. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 191–192
  35. ↑ Turner 2007 , pp. 192–195
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Gillham & Wiseman 2003 , pp. 58–71
  37. ↑ The Belfast News-Letter, 13 July 1896.
  38. ↑ "End of the line for iconic Pier Tram after rising maintenance costs". Champion. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Bett & Gillham 1990 , pp. 43–47
  40. 1 2 Anderson 1995 , pp. 4–7

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References

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