Opinion polling for the 2024 European Parliament election

Last updated February 20, 2024

List of polling

There are no pan-European polls for the European elections. However, several organizations calculate the theoretical seat distribution in the European Parliament in advance to the EP election based on national polls in all member states. The table below displays these different projections. The projections prior to 31 January 2020 still include the United Kingdom, which left the EU on that date.^[1]

Seats

361 seats are needed for a parliamentary majority.

Organisation	Release date	Area	Number of seats	The Left	S&D	Greens/EFA	Renew	EPP	ECR	ID	NI	Others	Lead
Organisation	Release date	Area	Number of seats									Others	Lead
Europe Elects for EURACTIV ^[2]	19 Feb 2024	EU27	720	44	140	48	85	180	83	92	43	6	40
election.de^[3]	7 Feb 2024	EU27	720	42	138	49	78	176	88	94	55		38
Europe Elects for EURACTIV ^[4]	1 Feb 2024	EU27	720	42	140	51	82	180	80	91	49	5	40
ECFR ^[5]	23 Jan 2024	EU27	720	44	131	61	86	173	85	98	42		42
Europe Elects for EURACTIV ^[6]	15 Jan 2024	EU27	720	37	143	50	84	178	80	93	49	6	35
Der Föderalist^[7]	8 Jan 2024	EU27	720	33	141	45	86	169	75	89	43	39	28
Der Föderalist^[7]	8 Jan 2024	EU27	720	35	143	47	91	177	85	108	34		34
election.de^[8]	9 Jan 2024	EU27	720	41	141	45	80	179	86	95	53		38
Europe Elects ^[9]	30 Dec 2023	EU27	720	36	142	49	84	179	81	93	50	6	37
POLITICO Europe ^[10]	11 Dec 2023	EU27	720	33	145	47	87	175	91	91	51		30
Europe Elects ^[11]	30 Nov 2023	EU27	720	38	141	52	89	175	82	87	52	4	35
KAS ^[12]	29 Nov 2023	EU27	720	42	143	48	87	171	78	79	41	30	35
POLITICO Europe ^[13]	9 Nov 2023	EU27	720	38	143	49	91	179	90	85	45		36
Der Föderalist^[14]	6 Nov 2023	EU27	720	43	137	43	90	170	78	76	37	45	33
Der Föderalist^[14]	6 Nov 2023	EU27	720	46	138	47	96	178	89	92	34		40
Europe Elects ^[15]	31 Oct 2023	EU27	720	45	139	51	92	173	80	76	53	11	34
	12 Oct 2023	PES (S&D's party) suspends Slovakia's Smer-SD and Hlas-SD due to their coalition with the controversial SNS party.^[16]
POLITICO Europe ^[17]	9 Oct 2023	EU27	720	40	151	49	89	172	93	82	44		21
Europe Elects ^[18]	30 Sep 2023	EU27	720	43	145	52	90	165	86	74	56	10	21
	22 Sep 2023	The European Council approves the new apportionment in the European Parliament from 705 to 720 seats.^[19]
Der Föderalist^[20]	11 Sep 2023	EU27	720	43	147	46	91	162	77	74	36	43	15
			720	45	147	50	96	171	90	89	32		24
			705	42	144	46	90	157	77	72	35	41	13
			705	44	144	50	95	165	89	87	31		21
POLITICO Europe ^[21]	7 Sep 2023	EU27	705	42	146	46	91	167	93	76	44		21
Europe Elects ^[22]	31 Aug 2023	EU27	720	38	149	53	90	164	83	75	58	10	15
POLITICO Europe ^[23]	9 Aug 2023	EU27	705	45	145	48	89	165	89	77	47		20
Europe Elects ^[24]	31 Jul 2023	EU27	705	45	143	49	90	157	82	82	55	12	14
Der Föderalist^[25]	17 Jul 2023	EU27	705	41	136	48	94	160	79	70	36	41	24
Der Föderalist^[25]	17 Jul 2023	EU27	705	43	137	52	99	167	89	87	31		30
Der Föderalist^[26]	22 May 2023	EU27	705	49	137	50	92	162	79	67	33	36	25
Der Föderalist^[26]	22 May 2023	EU27	705	50	137	54	99	172	82	83	28		35
Europe Elects ^[27]	28 Apr 2023	EU27	705	51	141	49	89	163	85	64	51	11	22
Der Föderalist^[28]	27 Mar 2023	EU27	705	44	137	42	94	162	78	68	38	42	25
Der Föderalist^[28]	27 Mar 2023	EU27	705	46	141	46	102	170	81	84	35		29
Der Föderalist^[29]	1 Feb 2023	EU27	705	50	135	42	96	168	78	65	37	34	33
Der Föderalist^[29]	1 Feb 2023	EU27	705	52	138	47	103	172	82	80	31		34
Der Föderalist^[30]	6 Dec 2022	EU27	705	51	136	44	93	166	79	64	37	35	30
Der Föderalist^[30]	6 Dec 2022	EU27	705	53	139	50	100	170	83	80	30		31
Europe Elects ^[31]	7 Dec 2022	EU27	705	49	142	56	100	158	84	63	46	7	16
Europe Elects ^[32]	1 Nov 2022	EU27	705	55	135	53	106	162	81	66	41	6	27
Der Föderalist^[33]	12 Oct 2022	EU27	705	52	127	42	100	169	79	63	35	38	42
Der Föderalist^[33]	12 Oct 2022	EU27	705	54	130	48	108	174	84	80	27		44
Der Föderalist^[34]	20 Aug 2022	EU27	705	52	134	47	98	170	75	63	27	39	36
Der Föderalist^[34]	20 Aug 2022	EU27	705	54	137	53	107	175	80	76	23		38
Der Föderalist^[35]	22 Jun 2022	EU27	705	54	133	44	101	165	77	64	31	36	32
Der Föderalist^[35]	22 Jun 2022	EU27	705	56	136	54	106	168	81	79	25		32
Der Föderalist^[36]	25 Apr 2022	EU27	705	59	139	39	97	157	78	64	37	35	18
Der Föderalist^[36]	25 Apr 2022	EU27	705	60	143	49	102	159	84	76	32		16
Der Föderalist^[37]	1 Mar 2022	EU27	705	53	139	36	98	158	78	62	45	36	19
Der Föderalist^[37]	1 Mar 2022	EU27	705	55	142	44	105	160	109	62	28		18
Europe Elects ^[38]	8 Jan 2022	EU27	705	49	152	55	99	158	78	62	35	17	6
Der Föderalist^[39]	4 Jan 2022	EU27	705	51	142	39	99	165	73	62	34	40	23
Der Föderalist^[39]	4 Jan 2022	EU27	705	53	146	43	105	166	102	62	28		20
Europe Elects ^[40]	7 Dec 2021	EU27	705	50	155	55	103	146	81	75	36	4	9
Der Föderalist^[41]	8 Nov 2021	EU27	705	50	144	42	96	155	75	72	36	35	11
Der Föderalist^[41]	8 Nov 2021	EU27	705	52	148	48	107	156	23	120	51		8
Europe Elects ^[42]	4 Nov 2021	EU27	705	50	155	51	102	151	81	75	35	5	4
Europe Elects ^[43]	8 Oct 2021	EU27	705	50	154	47	94	156	78	75	36	15	2
Der Föderalist^[44]	13 Sep 2021	EU27	705	54	141	42	98	160	70	75	33	32	19
Der Föderalist^[44]	13 Sep 2021	EU27	705	56	145	48	107	160	22	116	51		15
Der Föderalist^[45]	21 Jul 2021	EU27	705	52	133	45	97	167	71	74	31	35	34
Der Föderalist^[45]	21 Jul 2021	EU27	705	54	138	49	108	168	23	117	48		30
Europe Elects ^[46]	9 Jul 2021	EU27	705	52	144	55	94	156	75	77	34	18	12
Europe Elects ^[47]	5 Jun 2021	EU27	705	51	146	58	92	155	76	74	35	18	9
Der Föderalist^[48]	24 May 2021	EU27	705	50	125	50	95	167	74	73	33	38	42
Der Föderalist^[48]	24 May 2021	EU27	705	52	130	54	109	167	87	74	32		37
Europe Elects ^[49]	2 May 2021	EU27	705	52	144	56	93	158	75	74	34	19	14
Europe Elects ^[50]	2 Apr 2021	EU27	705	51	151	52	93	159	74	74	32	19	8
Der Föderalist^[51]	29 Mar 2021	EU27	705	52	136	46	96	164	71	73	34	33	28
Der Föderalist^[51]	29 Mar 2021	EU27	705	54	141	49	109	164	85	73	30		23
	3 Mar 2021	Hungary's Fidesz party leaves the EPP Group.^[52]
Der Föderalist^[53]	2 Feb 2021	EU27	705	52	135	45	94	184	70	71	21	33	49
Der Föderalist^[53]	2 Feb 2021	EU27	705	53	141	48	107	184	73	71	28		49
Europe Elects ^[54]	5 Jan 2021	EU27	705	55	138	47	97	190	73	72	22	11	52
Der Föderalist^[55]	9 Dec 2020	EU27	705	52	136	47	93	188	67	73	20	29	52
Der Föderalist^[55]	9 Dec 2020	EU27	705	53	140	40	103	188	73	73	25		48
Europe Elects ^[56]	2 Dec 2020	EU27	705	55	136	48	95	195	68	73	23	12	59
Europe Elects ^[57]	31 Oct 2020	EU27	705	54	136	48	93	197	70	74	24	9	61
Der Föderalist^[58]	12 Oct 2020	EU27	705	51	127	49	96	193	67	71	21	30	66
Der Föderalist^[58]	12 Oct 2020	EU27	705	52	136	52	102	193	71	71	28	–	57
Europe Elects ^[59]	4 Oct 2020	EU27	705	55	136	49	95	195	71	77	23	4	59
Europe Elects ^[60]	31 Aug 2020	EU27	705	55	134	49	96	196	71	75	24	5	62
Europe Elects ^[61]	14 Aug 2020	EU27	705	54	134	49	97	198	70	75	23	5	64
Europe Elects ^[62]	24 Jul 2020	EU27	705	54	133	48	97	198	71	77	24	3	65
Europe Elects ^[63]	28 May 2020	EU27	705	55	135	47	98	197	70	77	23	3	62
Europe Elects ^[64]	30 Apr 2020	EU27	705	55	140	46	94	193	72	78	23	4	53
Europe Elects ^[65]	31 Mar 2020	EU27	705	57	135	51	92	188	72	83	21	6	53
Europe Elects ^[66]	29 Feb 2020	EU27	705	56	133	55	99	184	68	85	21	6	51
Europe Elects ^[67]	31 Jan 2020	EU27	705	55	130	53	101	182	70	85	23	6	52
	31 Jan 2020	The United Kingdom leaves the European Union.^[68]
Europe Elects ^[69]	31 Dec 2019	EU27	705	54	131	52	102	182	70	86	25	3	51
Europe Elects ^[70]	31 Dec 2019	EU28	751	53	153	52	103	177	103	82	25	3	24
Europe Elects ^[1]	30 Nov 2019	EU28	751	49	157	61	107	176	95	80	25	1	19
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Aug 2019	EU28	751	46	151	62	115	175	92	78	30	2	24
Europe Elects ^[1]	30 Sep 2019	EU28	751	48	151	63	118	170	87	79	32	3	19
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Aug 2019	EU28	751	47	154	64	116	166	89	80	32	3	12
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Jul 2019	EU28	751	48	153	65	117	168	85	79	33	3	15
Europe Elects ^[1]	30 Jun 2019	EU28	751	46	145	74	119	167	64	80	54	2	22
Redistribution of seats after Brexit	1 Feb 2020	EU27	705	40	148	68	97	187	62	76	27	–	39
2019 European Parliament election	26 May 2019	EU28	751	41	154	74	108	182	62	73	57	–	28

Popular vote

The following table shows the projected popular vote share for the groups in the EU Parliament aggregated on the European level. EU27 excludes the United Kingdom in this context. EU28 includes the United Kingdom.

Organisation	Release date	Area	The Left	S&D	Greens/EFA	Renew	EPP	ECR	ID	NI	Others	Lead
Organisation	Release date	Area									Others	Lead
Europe Elects ^[31]	7 Dec 2022	EU27	7.2%	18.8%	8.1%	11.7%	21.2%	11.2%	8.9%	5.5%	7.2%	2.4%
Europe Elects ^[32]	1 Nov 2022	EU27	8.0%	18.3%	8.1%	12.0%	21.6%	11.3%	8.7%	5.7%	6.1%	3.3%
Europe Elects ^[38]	8 Jan 2022	EU27	6.7%	20.6%	7.2%	11.9%	20.7%	10.3%	8.8%	5.0%	8.8%	0.1%
Europe Elects ^[40]	7 Dec 2021	EU27	7.0%	20.4%	7.4%	13.6%	17.9%	10.3%	10.4%	4.8%	6.9%	1.2%
Europe Elects ^[42]	4 Nov 2021	EU27	6.9%	20.7%	7.2%	13.0%	19.5%	10.7%	10.2%	5.3%	6.5%	1.2%
Europe Elects ^[43]	8 Oct 2021	EU27	7.3%	20.3%	7.2%	12.0%	20.3%	10.5%	10.3%	5.3%	6.8%	Tie
Europe Elects ^[46]	9 Jul 2021	EU27	7.2%	17.9%	8.0%	11.8%	21.2%	10.3%	10.6%	5.0%	8.0%	3.3%
Europe Elects ^[47]	5 Jun 2021	EU27	7.8%	18.0%	9.1%	11.4%	20.6%	10.5%	10.4%	5.0%	7.1%	2.6%
Europe Elects ^[64]	2 May 2021	EU27	7.9%	18.3%	8.5%	11.3%	20.3%	10.5%	10.6%	5.1%	7.4%	2.0%
Europe Elects ^[65]	2 Apr 2021	EU27	8.0%	18.7%	8.2%	11.2%	21.6%	10.2%	10.8%	4.9%	6.3%	2.9%
	3 Mar 2021	Hungary's Fidesz party leaves the EPP Group.^[52]
Europe Elects ^[54]	2 Mar 2021	EU27	7.9%	18.9%	7.5%	11.1%	23.1%	10.3%	10.8%	3.8%	6.6%	4.2%
Europe Elects ^[54]	2 Feb 2021	EU27	8.2%	18.6%	7.5%	10.9%	24.4%	10.1%	10.5%	3.8%	6.0%	5.8%
Europe Elects ^[54]	31 Dec 2020	EU27	8.4%	18.9%	7.5%	10.9%	24.1%	10.2%	10.5%	3.6%	5.9%	5.2%
Europe Elects ^[56]	2 Dec 2020	EU27	8.2%	18.5%	7.7%	10.9%	24.8%	9.5%	10.5%	3.8%	6.0%	6.3%
Europe Elects ^[57]	31 Oct 2020	EU27	7.6%	18.4%	7.7%	10.8%	25.0%	9.9%	10.6%	4.0%	6.1%	6.6%
Europe Elects ^[59]	4 Oct 2020	EU27	7.9%	17.9%	7.8%	11.4%	24.4%	9.7%	11.0%	4.1%	5.7%	6.5%
Europe Elects ^[60]	31 Aug 2020	EU27	8.1%	18.3%	7.4%	11.5%	25.0%	9.6%	10.9%	4.1%	5.2%	6.7%
Europe Elects ^[61]	14 Aug 2020	EU27	8.0%	18.0%	7.2%	11.5%	25.3%	9.4%	10.8%	3.8%	6.0%	7.3%
Europe Elects ^[62]	24 Jul 2020	EU27	8.3%	17.9%	7.4%	11.6%	25.7%	9.5%	10.9%	4.1%	4.6%	7.8%
Europe Elects ^[63]	28 May 2020	EU27	8.2%	18.0%	7.2%	11.3%	25.2%	9.6%	11.1%	4.0%	5.4%	7.2%
Europe Elects ^[64]	30 Apr 2020	EU27	8.2%	18.5%	7.2%	10.9%	25.3%	9.8%	11.4%	3.9%	4.7%	6.8%
Europe Elects ^[65]	31 Mar 2020	EU27	8.5%	18.2%	8.0%	10.7%	24.1%	10.0%	11.8%	3.8%	4.9%	5.9%
Europe Elects ^[66]	29 Feb 2020	EU27	9.1%	18.0%	8.4%	10.9%	22.7%	9.7%	12.5%	3.8%	4.9%	4.7%
Europe Elects ^[67]	31 Jan 2020	EU27	8.0%	18.6%	8.4%	12.4%	20.5%	12.1%	12.1%	4.0%	3.9%	1.9%
	31 Jan 2020	The United Kingdom leaves the European Union.^[68]
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Dec 2019	EU28	8.1%	18.8%	8.2%	11.8%	20.9%	12.4%	11.9%	4.2%	3.7%	2.1%
Europe Elects ^[1]	30 Nov 2019	EU28	8.0%	18.4%	8.4%	12.3%	20.3%	12.0%	12.0%	4.0%	3.8%	1.9%
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Oct 2019	EU28	6.5%	17.8%	8.3%	13.1%	20.3%	10.0%	11.3%	4.8%	7.9%	2.5%
Europe Elects ^[1]	30 Sep 2019	EU28	6.6%	19.5%	8.3%	12.3%	19.6%	9.7%	11.3%	4.8%	7.9%	0.1%
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Aug 2019	EU28	6.9%	19.0%	8.7%	12.9%	20.0%	9.6%	11.4%	5.6%	5.9%	1.0%
Europe Elects ^[1]	31 Jul 2019	EU28	6.6%	19.0%	9.4%	12.8%	19.3%	9.3%	11.5%	5.3%	6.7%	0.3%
Europe Elects ^[1]	30 Jun 2019	EU28	6.9%	18.9%	10.3%	13.3%	19.1%	9.8%	11.4%	5.1%	5.2%	0.2%
2019 European Parliament election^[71]	26 May 2019	EU27	7.0%	18.9%	11.2%	12.3%	22.6%	8.1%	11.5%	4.3%	4.1%	3.7%
2019 European Parliament election^[1]	26 May 2019	EU28	6.5%	18.5%	11.7%	13.0%	21.0%	8.2%	10.8%	4.8%	5.5%	2.5%

National opinion polling

Austria

Czechia

Denmark

Estonia

France

Germany

Greece

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	ND EPP	SYRIZA Left	PASOK S&D	KKE NI	XA ^{[lower-alpha 1]} NI	EL ECR	MeRA25 Left	PE NI	SP NI	NIKI NI	NA Left	Other	Lead
Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size												Other	Lead
Opinion Poll/Action24^[72]	13–16 Feb 2024	1,004	34.3	12.5	14.6	9.4	—	9.5	2.4	3.7	2.7	3.8	3.3	3.8	19.7
Interview/Politic^[73]	6–12 Feb 2024	2,155	33.3	14.2	12.8	8.3	—	9.1	—	2.6	2.1	5.1	5.1	9.7	19.1
Alco/Alpha^[74]	1–7 Feb 2024	1,201	34.5	12.6	15.0	11.2	—	7.5	2.2	3.1	2.8	3.9	2.6	4.3	19.5
GPO/Star^[75]	20–25 Jan 2024	1,100	38.8	14.0	14.2	9.6	—	7.2	2.7	2.6	2.2	3.3	3.0	2.4	24.6
MRB/Open^[76]	22–24 Jan 2024	1,000	36.1	12.1	12.1	9.3	—	9.5	2.8	4.0	2.8	3.7	2.7	4.8	24.0
Marc/Ant1^[77]	17–23 Jan 2024	1,092	37.1	12.6	16.8	9.4	—	7.0	2.9	3.0	3.1	3.1	2.4	2.6	20.3
Interview/Politic^[78]	10–15 Jan 2024	2,388	31.5	14.1	14.2	10.8	—	8.0	—	2.3	2.6	5.2	4.1	7.2	17.3
Prorata/Attica^[79]	5–9 Jan 2024	1,000	36.6	12.8	15.9	11.0	—	6.1	1.8	3.0	3.7	3.7	3.7	1.8	20.7
Alco/Alpha^[80]	2–5 Jan 2024	1,002	35.3	13.8	14.3	11.3	—	6.9	2.4	3.3	3.2	3.3	2.7	3.6	21.0
Interview/Politic^[81]	4–8 Dec 2023	2,356	34.0	16.1	14.4	7.9	—	7.6	—	3.0	2.3	3.8	2.9	7.9	17.9
GPO/Parapolitika^[82]	5–7 Dec 2023	1,000	41.7	12.1	13.5	10.3	—	6.6	1.9	2.1	3.4	2.4	3.7	2.3	28.3
June 2023 parliamentary election	25 June 2023	–	40.6	17.8	11.8	7.7	—	4.4	2.5	3.2	4.7	3.7	—	3.6	22.8
May 2023 parliamentary election	21 May 2023	–	40.8	20.1	11.5	7.2	—	4.4	2.6	2.9	—	2.9	—	7.6	20.7
2019 parliamentary election	7 July 2019	–	39.9	31.5	8.3	5.3	2.9	3.7	3.4	1.5	1.3^{[lower-alpha 2]}	—	—	2.4	8.4
2019 election	26 May 2019	–	33.1	23.8	7.7	5.4	4.9	4.2	3.0^{[lower-alpha 3]}	1.6	1.5^{[lower-alpha 2]}	—	—	14.8	9.3

↑ De facto banned, former XA members joined SP.
1 2 Alongside Union of Centrists.
↑ 49 votes below the 3% threshold.

Hungary

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Fidesz- KDNP NI–EPP	DK S&D	Momentum Renew	MSZP S&D	P G/EFA	LMP G/EFA	Jobbik NI	Our Homeland NI	MKKP NI	Other	Lead
Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size										Other	Lead
Republikon	Jun 2023	–	46	19	7	4	6		6	9	4	–	27
Nézőpont	15–17 May 2023	1,000	51	16	9	2	1	3	5	6	3	4	35
Závecz Research	28 Apr–5 May 2023	1,000	46	19	8	6	2	4	6	7	3	–	27
Nézőpont	2–4 Jan 2023	1,000	56	14	6	2	1	3	2	6	4	6	42
2022 parliamentary election	3 April 2022	–	54.1	34.4						5.9	3.3	2.3	19.7
2019 election	26 May 2019	–	52.6	16.1	9.9	6.6		2.2	6.3	3.3	2.6	0.4	36.5

The European Parliament considers Hungary a "hybrid regime of electoral autocracy" since 2022.^[83]

Italy

Latvia

Netherlands

Poland

Polling firm/Link	Fieldwork date	Sample size	United Right ECR		Third Way EPP–Ren.	Civic Coalition EPP–G/EFA–Ren.	The Left S&D			Confederation ID	Others	Lead
			Law and Justice	Kukiz'15	Third Way EPP–Ren.	Civic Coalition EPP–G/EFA–Ren.	SLD	Spring	Left Together	Confederation ID

Portland Communications	24–31 Jan 2024	632	29		16	35	9			8	3	6

Parliamentary election	15 Oct 2023	21,596,674^{[lower-alpha 1]}	35.38		14.40	30.70	8.61			7.16	3.71	4.68

Parliamentary election	13 Oct 2019	18,678,457^{[lower-alpha 2]}	43.59	8.55		27.40	12.56			6.81	1.09	16.19

European election	26 May 2019	13,647,311^{[lower-alpha 3]}	45.38	3.69	38.47			6.06	1.24	4.55	0.60	6.91

Portugal

Romania

Slovenia

Fieldwork date	Polling firm	Publisher(s)	Sample size	SDS EPP	SLS EPP	GS Renew	SD S&D	NSi EPP	Levica Left	Logar NI	Prebilič NI	Rupar NI	Others	Lead	Source
Fieldwork date	Polling firm	Publisher(s)	Sample size										Others	Lead	Source
4–7 Dec 2023	Ninamedia	–	700	19.9	5.1	15.8	15.6	8.6	5.5	17.0	11.3	1.2	–	2.2	^[84]
24 April 2022	2022 parliamentary election	–	–	23.5	3.4	40.8	6.7	6.9	4.5	—	—	—	14.3	17.3
26 May 2019	2019 election	–	–	26.2		19.4	18.6	11.1	6.4	—	—	—	9.7	6.8

Spain

Notes

↑ Turnout: 74,38%
↑ Turnout: 61,74%
↑ Turnout: 45,69%

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[72] De facto banned, former XA members joined SP.

[EK-84] 1 2 Alongside Union of Centrists.

[85] 49 votes below the 3% threshold.

[a-87] Turnout: 74,38%

[b-88] Turnout: 61,74%

[c-89] Turnout: 45,69%

[auto-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 "2024 EU election projection". Europe Elects . Retrieved 26 December 2019.

[2] "EU elections projection: Le Pen and Melon soars as Germany veers left with Wagenknecht".

[3] Moehl, Matthias (2024-02-07). "Prognose zur Europawahl sieht EPP stabil vor S&D". election.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-02-07.

[4] Griera, Max (2024-02-01). "EU election flash poll: Conservative ECR on course to snatch liberal Renew's fourth place". EURACTIV. Retrieved 2024-02-03.

[5] Cunningham, Kevin; Hix, Simon; Dennison, Susi (2024-01-23). "A sharp right turn: A forecast for the 2024 European Parliament elections". ECFR. Retrieved 2024-01-24.

[6] Griera, Max (2024-01-15). "EU election forecast: Far-right consolidates third position, Italy's left gains ground". EURACTIV. Retrieved 2024-01-15.

[dfjan2024-7] Müller, Manuel (11 January 2024). "European Parliament seat projection (January 2024): Left and Liberals lose, far-right ID group becomes third largest force". Der (europäische) Föderalist.

[8] Moehl, Matthias (2024-01-09). "Prognose zur EU-Wahl sieht Rechtspopulisten als größte Gewinner". election.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-01-09.

[9] Garscha, Mingo (2023-12-30). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Le Pen's Right-Wing ID Rises to Third Place". Europe Elects. Retrieved 2023-12-30.

[10] Hirsch, Cornelius (2023-12-11). "EU Parliament Seat Projection".

[11] Garscha, Mingo (2023-11-30). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Record High for ID". Europe Elects. Retrieved 2023-11-30.

[12] Wientzek, Olaf (2023-11-29). "EPP Party Barometer November 2023". KAS. Retrieved 2023-12-01.

[13] Hirsch, Cornelius (2023-11-09). "EU Parliament Seat Projection".

[dfnov2023-14] Müller, Manuel (9 November 2023). "European Parliament seat projection (November 2023): EPP takes big lead – historic shift to the right possible". Der (europäische) Föderalist.

[15] Garscha, Mingo (2023-10-31). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Scare for S&D and ECR, Treats for EPP". Europe Elects. Retrieved 2023-10-31.

[Smer-16] Wax, Eddy; Barigazzi, Jacopo; Jochecová, Ketrin (12 October 2023). "European socialists suspend Robert Fico's Smer party and its ally Hlas". Archived from the original on 12 October 2023.

[17] Hirsch, Cornelius (2023-10-09). "EU Parliament Seat Projection".

[18] Grischa, Mingo (2023-09-30). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Meloni's ECR Close to Becoming 3rd".

[19] "European Council Decision (EU) 2023/2061 of 22 September 2023 establishing the composition of the European Parliament". EUR-Lex. 2023-09-27.

[dfsep2023-20] Müller, Manuel (15 September 2023). "European Parliament seat projection (September 2023): Socialists are catching up". Der (europäische) Föderalist.

[21] Hirsch, Cornelius (2023-09-07). "EU Parliament Seat Projection".

[22] Grischa, Mingo (2023-08-31). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Not Much LEFT".

[23] Hirsch, Cornelius (2023-08-09). "EU Parliament Seat Projection".

[24] Garscha, Mingo (2023-07-31). "EU Parliamentary Projection 2024". Europe Elects.

[dfjul2023-25] Müller, Manuel (20 July 2023). "European Parliament seat projection (July 2023): How far will the new Parliament shift to the right?". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 31 July 2023.

[dfmay2023-26] Müller, Manuel (25 May 2023). "European Parliament seat projection (May 2023): Pre-election skirmishes between EPP and S&D – Greens and Left gain ground". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 29 May 2023.

[eeapr2023-27] Garscha, Mingo (2023-04-28). "EU Parliamentary Projection 2024". Europe Elects. Retrieved 2022-04-28.

[dfmar2023-28] Müller, Manuel (30 March 2023). "European Parliament seat projection (March 2023): EPP lead over S&D is shrinking". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 30 March 2023.

[dffeb2023-29] Müller, Manuel (3 February 2023). "European Parliament seat projection (February 2023): The centre-right extends its lead – could there be a majority without the S&D?". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 3 February 2023.

[dfdec2022-30] Müller, Manuel (8 December 2022). "European Parliament seat projection (December 2022): S&D make significant gains, Liberals fall back". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 9 December 2022.

[eedec2022-31] 1 2 Garscha, Mingo (2022-12-07). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Less Seats for Centre(-Right), More for Centre-Left". Europe Elects. Retrieved 2022-12-08.

[eenov2022-32] 1 2 Garscha, Mingo (1 November 2022). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Italian Defeat Prolongs Centre-Left's Plight". Europe Elects . Retrieved 3 November 2022.

[dfoct2022-33] Müller, Manuel (14 October 2022). "Wenn an diesem Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Oktober 2022): S&D und Grüne verlieren, Rechte legen zu". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 14 October 2022.

[dfaug2022-34] Müller, Manuel (23 August 2022). "Wenn an diesem Sonntag Europawahl wäre (August 2022): EVP und Grüne legen zu, Newcomer im rechten Lager". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 24 August 2022.

[dfjun2022-35] Müller, Manuel (27 June 2022). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Juni 2022): EVP erhöht Vorsprung auf S&D, Grüne legen zu". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 27 June 2022.

[dfapr2022-36] Müller, Manuel (26 April 2022). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (April 2022): Wie sich der Ukraine-Krieg auf die Wahlumfragen auswirkt". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

[dfmar2022-37] Müller, Manuel (1 March 2022). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (März 2022): Aufstieg der Newcomer". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

[eejan2022-38] 1 2 Jukić, Luka Ivan (8 January 2022). "EU Parliamentary Projection: France's Re-Alignment Becomes Europe's". Europe Elects . Retrieved 4 November 2021.

[dfjan2022-39] Müller, Manuel (4 January 2022). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Januar 2022): EVP legt zu, Grüne verlieren, rechte Einheitsfraktion scheitert". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

[eedec2021-40] 1 2 Jukić, Luka Ivan (7 December 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Social Democrats Hold Firm as Christian Democrats Flounder". Europe Elects . Retrieved 8 February 2021.

[dfnov2021-41] Müller, Manuel (10 November 2021). "Wenn an diesem Sonntag Europawahl wäre (November 2021): S&D macht weiter Boden gut". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

[eenov2021-42] 1 2 Jukić, Luka Ivan (4 November 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Centre-Left Takes the Lead for the First Time in Years". Europe Elects . Retrieved 4 November 2021.

[eeoct2021-43] 1 2 Jensen, Linus Folke (8 October 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Centre-Right, Centre-Left in Tossup for First Place". Europe Elects . Retrieved 8 October 2021.

[dfsep2021-44] Müller, Manuel (14 September 2021). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (September 2021): Sozialdemokratie im Aufschwung". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 20 September 2021.

[dfjuly2021-45] Müller, Manuel (22 July 2021). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Juli 2021): Kommt die große Rechtsfraktion?". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 20 September 2021.

[eejun2021-46] 1 2 Jensen, Linus Folke (9 July 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Greens down, ID up". Europe Elects . Retrieved 9 July 2021.

[eemay2021-47] 1 2 Jensen, Linus Folke (5 June 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: May Proves Out To Be a Stable Month". Europe Elects . Retrieved 9 July 2021.

[dfmay2021-48] Müller, Manuel (26 May 2021). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Mai 2021): S&D auf neuem Rekordtief, Zugewinne bei den Grünen". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 20 September 2021.

[eeapr2021-49] Jensen, Linus Folke (2 May 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Centre-Left Takes a Hit". Europe Elects . Retrieved 2 May 2021.

[eemarch2021-50] Jensen, Linus Folke (2 March 2021). "EU Parliamentary Projection: Historic Setback for the Centre-Right". Europe Elects . Retrieved 8 April 2021.

[dfmarch2021-51] Müller, Manuel (31 March 2021). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (März 2021): Fidesz-Austritt und CDU-Schwäche lassen EVP abstürzen". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 20 September 2021.

[Fidez-52] 1 2 Crowcroft, Orlando (2021-03-03). "Hungary PM Orban's party quits the largest group in European Parliament". Euronews . Retrieved 2021-07-09.

[dffeb2021-53] "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Februar 2021): EVP verliert, Newcomer gewinnen". Der (europäische) Föderalist. 3 February 2021.

[eedec2020-54] 1 2 3 4 "EU Parliamentary Projection: Rounding Up the Tumultuous 2020". Europe Elects . 5 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.

[dfdec2020-55] Müller, Manuel (9 December 2020). "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Dezember 2020): Zurück zum Ausgangspunkt". Der (europäische) Föderalist. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

[eenov2020-56] 1 2 "EU Parliamentary Projection: The Right-Wing in Retreat". Europe Elects . 2 December 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.

[eeoct2020-57] 1 2 "EU Parliamentary Projection: Talent-Show Judges, Folk Singers, and Eastern Europe". Europe Elects . 31 October 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2020.

[dfoct2020-58] "Wenn am nächsten Sonntag Europawahl wäre (Oktober 2020): Sozialdemokraten verlieren, Liberale und Rechte gewinnen". foederalist.eu. Retrieved 28 October 2020.

[eesep2020-59] 1 2 "EU Parliamentary Projection: Second Wave of the Pandemic and Europeans Rally No More". Europe Elects . 4 October 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2020.

[eeaug2020-60] 1 2 "EU Parliamentary Projection: No Domino-Effect Caused by Brexit in Sight". Europe Elects . 31 August 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2020.

[eejul2020-61] 1 2 "EU Parliament Projection: Centre-Right EPP Would Win EU Election". Europe Elects . 14 August 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.

[eejun2020-62] 1 2 "EU Parliament Projection: One Year After the EU Election Post date". Europe Elects . Retrieved 29 May 2020.

[eemay2020-63] 1 2 "EU Parliament Projection: One Year After the EU Election Post date". Europe Elects . 28 May 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.

[eeapr2020-64] 1 2 3 "EU Parliament Projection: Corona Rallies Europeans Around the Flag". Europe Elects . Retrieved 4 March 2020.

[eemar2020-65] 1 2 3 "EU Parliament Projection: Government Parties Still Gaining". Europe Elects . Retrieved 4 April 2020.

[eefeb2020-66] 1 2 "European Parliament Projection: Ireland, Thuringia, and the Aftermath". Europe Elects . Retrieved 1 February 2020.

[eejan2020-67] 1 2 "European Parliament Projection: The EU Parliament Post-Brexit". Europe Elects . February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2020.

[UK-68] 1 2 Jamieson, Alastair; Crowcroft, Orlando (2020-01-31). "Sadness and celebration as Britain leaves the European Union". Euronews . Retrieved 2021-07-09.

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[74] "Δημοσκόπηση Interview για την POLITIC: Ο Μητσοτάκης «κρατά» τα ποσοστά της ΝΔ – «Οι βουλευτές να ψηφίσουν κατά συνείδηση για το γάμο των ομόφυλων ζευγαριών»". politic.gr (in Greek). 2024-02-13.

[75] "Δημοσκόπηση Alco: Μπροστά με 16 μονάδες η ΝΔ, δεύτερο το ΠΑΣΟΚ, νέα πτώση ΣΥΡΙΖΑ -Τι λένε οι πολίτες για ακρίβεια-αγρότες". iefimerida (in Greek). 2024-02-08.

[76] "Δημοσκόπηση GPO στο Star: Προβάδισμα 20,3% της ΝΔ στην πρόθεση ψήφου". Star (in Greek). 2024-01-25.

[77] "Δημοσκόπηση MRB: Χωρισμένη στα δύο η χώρα για ομόφυλους γάμους - Ξεκάθαρο «όχι» στην τεκνοθεσία". CNN gr (in Greek). 2024-01-25.

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[79] "Δημοσκόπηση Interview για την Politic: Αδιαπραγμάτευτη η πρωτιά της ΝΔ. Όλα πιθανά για τη 2η θέση – Στο παιχνίδι και το ΚΚΕ". politic.gr (in Greek). 2024-01-16.

[80] "Δημοσκόπηση Prorata: Κυριαρχία της ΝΔ, «ναι» στα μη κρατικά πανεπιστήμια με αυστηρούς όρους". protothema.gr (in Greek). 2024-01-11.

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[83] "Δημοσκόπηση της GPO για τα Παραπολιτικά: Στο 2,5% το ποσοστό της Νέας Αριστεράς, κάτω από το 10% ο ΣΥΡΙΖΑ - Απόλυτη κυριαρχία για τη ΝΔ". Parapolitika (in Greek). 2023-12-11.

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