List of national flag proposals

Last updated

Compilation of all the well documented national flag proposals of several countries, dependent territories, autonomies, and states with limited recognition.

Contents

An asterisk in headings denotes an incomplete list, which has more proposals not in Wikimedia Commons yet.

Angola

In June 1932, while working for the Portuguese Institute of Heraldry (IPH), Affonso Dornellas elaborated a coat of arms for the Colony of Angola and João Ricardo da Silva drew it. Even though the Estado Novo's Agência Geral das Colónias (General Agency of the Colonies) had asked for the shield, it was never used officially. Like other designs, the Agency used a modified version at the 1934 Colonial Exposition of Porto, before settling with the 1935 shield design. [1]

In 1966, heraldist Franz Paul de Almeira Langhans designed flags for Portuguese ultramarine provinces in his book "Armorial do Ultramar Português", being Angola's the Flag of Portugal defaced with the colony's lesser arms shield on its lower fly side. [2] [3]

A red-green-black tricolor was allegedly mentioned by a reporter who visited Angola in the beginning of September of '96 to vexillologist Jaume Ollé as a "proposal under consideration to be the basis of a new national flag", it featured the colors of both the foundational MPLA and its main opposition (UNITA) while using the Pan-African flag colours. At the time, Rhodesian vexillologist Bruce Berry said the Angolan embassy in South Africa did not acknowledge any move to change the flag.

Additionally, in 1999 Ollé wrote about flags seen by him in Luanda pictures from '76: "Horizontal stripes of red, green and black [...] Horizontal B-R-B horizontal (the red stripe fimbriated Y) [...] Stripes of red, purple and green". [4]

In 2003, a submission 106 by "Catica" was chosen by the National Constitutional Commission, an organ in charge of drafting the country's next constitution, as the new flag, its description being the following:

"A rectangular flag measuring 180 centimeters long and 120 centimeters wide, divided in five horizontal stripes: its top and bottom stripes are dark blue, each measuring 20 centimeters, the two intermediate stripes are white, each measuring 10 centimeters, and the central stripe is blood-red, measuring 60 centimeters. The middle red stripe features a design of a 15-ray yellowish sun comprising three irregular concentric circles which are inspired by the ancestral Tchitundo-Hulu rocks paintings in the country's Southwestern Namibe province. The sun symbolizes the riches and the historical and cultural identity of Angola".

The polemic new flag, along with a new athem, were supposed to be formally adopted after the planned 2005 general elections, which only ended up happening in '08, but this never happened. [5]

UNITA has positioned itself against the current flag for its similarities with MPLA's and keeps on fighting for its change. [6] [7] [8]

Armenia

In 1885, Ghevont Alishan, an Armenian Catholic priest and historian proposed 2 Armenian flags. One of which is a horizontal tricolor flag of red-green-white, with red and green coming from the Armenian Catholic calendar, with the first Sunday of Easter being called "Red Sunday", and the second Sunday being "Green Sunday", with white being added for design reasons. He then made another flag proposal, a vertical tricolor of red-green-blue, taken from the rainbow. [9]

In 1918, Martiros Saryan, an Armenian painter designed a rainbow flag proposal as "color is a genuine miracle". [10]

Australia

The first flag that was considered as a proposal to represent the Australian people is the Eureka flag. Several demonstrators swore allegiance to the flag and flew it as a symbol of defiance during the Battle of the Eureka Stockade in 1854.

In 1900, seeing how Federation approached and so would the need for a flag, the Melbourne Evening Herald initiated a contest promising a prize of 25 australian pounds to the winner. Entries were mandated to contain the Union Jack and the southern cross in their designs. The designs by Mr. F. Thompson was chosen as the winner.

This contest then prompted the Review of Reviews , also a Melbourne journal, to come up with a new competition in October 1900. They neglected the decision of obliging participants to include certain elements on the design of the flag.

Later, in 1901, the newly-formed Commonwealth Government held an official competition, which also included the proposals made to the Review of Reviews competitions in 1900. Five winners were chosen, with their designs only differing in small details. The first Australian flag was tuned using elements from this five winners.

However, the Australian flag debate has been a topic of discussion for years, dating back to the early 1990s after the adoption of the official flag after Federation. The main points of the debate on whether Australia should adopt a new flag discuss the elimination of the Union Jack, and the representation of Australia's complex and multicultural history. This prompted several unofficial redesign contests, such as the ones by The Daily Telegraph in 1982, Adelaide Advertiser in 1992, and A Current Affair in 1993, among many others.

Bahamas

In 1973, when the flag design for the Bahamas was submitted for approval to the Garter King of Arms, the head of the College of Arms, Sir Anthony Wagner, proposed that the gold and aquamarine stripes swapped colours. Nevertheless, this change never took place, and the current Bahamian flag was adopted. [11]

Belarus

In 1990, the authorities of Minsk allowed the use of the white-red-white national flag along with the state flag of the SSR. This led to many opposition supporters to create more proposals bearing this design, including flags with the Pahonia contained in the red stripe, and some even resembling a Nordic cross due to the addition of a red bar towards the hoist. [12] [13]

Right after declaring independence from the USSR in 1991, the special sixth session of the XII Council of the Belarusian SSR commenced with the objective to address several topics, including the republic's name, state flag, and coat of arms. Flag designs were submitted by the public, many involving the colours red, green, and blue. [12] [13]

In 1993, due to unrest regarding the adopted white-red-white flag, the future president A. Lukashenko proposed a referendum to change the flag, but was rejected. Once he became president, in 1995, President A. Lukashenko proposed a version that consisted on two thin green stripes top and bottom, and a central red field. This flag, alongside a version similar to the one used by the SSR without the hammer and sickle were put forward for a referendum, including their respective coat of arms designs. The latter won the referendum and was adopted as the current flag of Belarus.

Belgium

In 2008, Belgian artist Luc Swinnen made a proposal to the Belgian flag, adding pixels blurring the lines between the stripes to symbolize Belgium's interwoven cultures and languages.

In 2010, Dutch designer Theun Okkerse proposed a new Belgian flag, with a yellow-black-yellow background representing the Flemish people combined with a yellow-red-yellow design representing the Walloons, and their intersection creating four "arrows" pointing to the center of the flag.

In 2011, Belgian cartoonist Pierre Kroll designed a new flag for Belgium, divided into four squares, colored yellow, red, blue, and white. Yellow representing the Flemish people, red representing the Walloons, blue representing Brussels, and white representing the German-speaking Community of Belgium. [14]

Bolivia

After winning Bolivia's presidency and in the wake of Bolivia's constitutional reforms, discussions of changing the flag were engaged. Evo Morales appeared at a football match with the following flag on his jersey in October 2006, made of the Bolivian colors crossed by the wiphala. In the end, no change was made. [15] [16]

Bosnia and Herzegovina*

In 1992 and 1997, several flag proposals were given for Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In 1992, one of the proposals was a horizontal tricolor of green-red-blue tricolor with green representing Bosniaks, red representing Croats, and blue representing Serbs.

Another flag from that time was proposed, it being the accepted flag but with blue bands at the left and right sides.

Another one, proposed by defenders of Sarajevo, consisted of a blue triangle in the bottom-right taking up half of the flag with 3 fleur-de-lis, and the other half of the flag consisting of 6 red and white stripes, making the Pan-Slavic colors. [17]

In 1997, a flag change was again happening as Bosnian Serbs considered the accepted flag of representing only Bosniaks. There was a "Czech"-style proposal, with a blue triangle for Eastern Orthodox Serbs, green bar for Sunni Muslim Bosniaks, and red bar for Latin Catholic Croats. There were also 2 proposals of a light blue background, one with an olive branch and the other with a map of Bosnia and Herzegovina on it, likely meant to be uncontroversial designs.

There were four other similar proposals, all containing a map of Bosnia, either blue or yellow, within a red-white-blue tricolor, either diagonal or horizontal, within either 10 stars in a circle, or 2 olive branches taken from the Flag of the United Nations. [18]

Three proposals were made by High Representative Carlos Westendorp, one being the adopted flag but with a shade of blue similar to the UN flag, another containing 5 stripes coming from each side of the flag without reaching the other side in yellow and white on a UN-like blue background, and the final being the same as the previous but with 12 stripes and them forming a triangle in the flag's center. [19]

Brazil

In 1888, Júlio Ribeiro designed a flag for a Brazilian republic, it had fifteen alternating black and white stripes, a red rectangle in the canton, containing a blue map of Brazil inside a white circle with 4 yellow stars on each corner of the canton, it eventually became the flag of the state of São Paulo. [20]

In 1890, Antônio da Silva Jardim also a designed a Brazilian republican flag, a black-red-white tricolor with a coat of arms centered on it.[ citation needed ]

Also in 1890, José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco proposed a similar design, a black-white-red diagonal tricolor with a coat of arms, similar to the imperial arms centered on it.

In 1892, Oliveira Valadão proposed changing the accepted Flag of Brazil by removing the blue circle, the stars, and the motto and instead adding the coat of arms.

In 1908, Wenceslau Escobar proposed removing the motto "ORDEM E PROGRESSO" because according to him, the flag cannot have a "motto of a sect (Positivism)".

In 1908, Eurico de Góes proposed going back to the imperial flag, but without a shield or crown, and instead a white star. [21] He later in 1922, proposed a similar flag but without the white star, or the globe, and the red cross and light blue circle being expanded and centered on the yellow rhombus.[ citation needed ]

Bulgaria

Around 1915, King Ferdinand proposed a new flag for Bulgaria, a black-white-blue horizontal tricolor, black representing the Black Sea, white representing the Aegean Sea, and blue representing the Adriatic Sea. [22]

Cameroon

There were several proposals for German colonies to get their own flags and heraldry. In 1914, Wilhelm Solf proposed a flag for Cameroon, the Flag of the German Empire with the proposed shield on it or the shield's symbol within a circle. [23]

Canada

In 1902, the Daily Express reported that a series of flags were being proposed to replace the Union Jack everywhere in the British Empire aside from the United Kingdom itself. The goal was to provide a flags more representative of the people of each area they would be used in. As described, the flags would have featured the Cross of Saint George and an imperial crown in the canton to represent the English. In the top right would be the emblem of the territory flying the flag, and in the case of Canada, its coat of arms. A large sun in the centre symbolized "the empire on which the sun never sets."

In 1930, the newspaper La Presse proposed a new Canadian flag, it being the one that had one a contest they had a few years earlier. It had been a white flag, a Union Jack canton, 7 five-point blue stars making up the Big Dipper, and a larger 8-pointed North Star in the top-right quarter of the flag.

In 1939, Ephrem Cote proposed a flag with 3 sections. It had a blue triangle in the top-left, containing the Union Jack for English Canadians, a red triangle in the bottom-right, containing a fleur-de-lis for French Canadians, and a thick white line from the bottom-left to the top-right between the two containing a green maple leaf.

In 1946, it was proposed that the current Red Ensign flag of Canada should have the shield replaced with a golden maple leaf.

In 1947, Adélard Godbout proposed a flag, diagonally divided with one white triangle in the bottom-left and one red triangle in the top-right, and a green maple leaf in the center.

In 1956, Jean-François Pouliot proposed that the Canadian flag be a red background with a green maple leaf centered on it.

In 1962, John-Guy Labarre proposed a green polar star symbol on a white background as the flag.

In 1964 during Great Canadian flag debate, several flags were proposed. The flag initially preferred by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson was a flag designed by Alan Beddoe, with 2 blue bars at each end and a red set of 3 maple leaves connected by one stem in the center, and it became known as the "Pearson Pennant". [24] Another proposed flag made by Beddoe was the accepted Flag of Canada, but with the British flag in the top-left, and the Royal Banner of France in the top-right. [25]

There was also a proposal from 1964, seemingly taking elements from the Flag of the United Kingdom, and the Flag of the United States, with a blue background, a red cross with a white border, a green maple leaf in the center, and 10 white stars within the cross. [24]

There was also a proposal with the left-half of the flag red, and the right-half white, and 10 maple leaves across the whole flag.[ citation needed ]

There was also a proposal in 1965 by the Native Sons of Canada, with a red triangle in the top-right taking half of the flag, and a darker red maple leaf in the center.[ citation needed ]

After the flag debate and the current Flag of Canada got accepted, another proposal came to represent French ties in Canada, that being the Canadian Unity Flag, which adds 2 small blue bars to the edges of the white center bar to represent French Canadians. [26]

Cape Verde

In 1967, F. P. de Almeida Langhans designed designs for Portuguese colonies including Cape Verde, with a Flag of Portugal with a shield of the colony's lesser arms. [32]

Central African Republic

In the summer of 1976, after a meeting with Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, Central African leader Jean-Bédel Bokassa converted to Islam, likely to get Libyan aid, and a project was undertaken to adopt a new national flag with Islamic symbolism. A proposal came of the top-left quarter being split halfway horizontally between yellow and white, and the rest of the flag being green with a yellow star and crescent. This proposal was short-lived though as Bokassa quickly converted back to Roman Catholicism. [33]

Chile

People's Republic of China

See: List of Chinese Flags/Flag proposals

Several flags were proposed in 1949 for the People's Republic of China, most of which contain red and yellow colors as well as stars due to communist symbolism.

Mao Zedong's proposal containing a yellow star and a yellow stripe on a white background was initially favored, but there was criticism of it being interpreted as "the fruits of the revolution being cut off".

Hong Kong

Macau

Republic of China

Colombia

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Cook Islands

Denmark

Greenland

Republic of the Congo

Costa Rica

In 1845, liberals proposed a new color to be added to the flag of Costa Rica, red, as the flag of France, associated with liberty had red, white, and blue. It may also take inspiration from the flag of the United States.

Croatia*

Cyprus

Czech Republic (Czechia)

East Timor

Egypt

Estonia*

Fiji

Finland

Åland

In 1952, Åland was given right to a flag by the Finnish government, and several proposals from the past and that time were considered.

Many of them were inspired off of the Flag of Sweden due to the region's Swedish culture and language, including a "Swedish" flag proposal, a Swedish flag with a blue cross on it. It was denied by the President of Finland for being too similar to the flag of Sweden.

There was also the "Plague Flag" or "Pestflaggen", which was nicknamed that for being considered too unattractive a design. [34]

France

French Guiana

Guadeloupe

New Caledonia

Réunion

Germany*

Ghana

Guinea-Bissau

Guyana

Hungary

Iceland

India

Iraq

Ireland

Israel*

Italy

Lombardy

Ivory Coast

Jamaica

Japan

Okinawa

Kazakhstan

North Korea

Kosovo

Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan

Latvia*

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malaysia

Mexico

Moldova

Montenegro

Mozambique

In June 1932, while working for the Portuguese Institute of Heraldry (IPH), Affonso Dornellas elaborated a coat of arms for the Colony of Mozambique and João Ricardo da Silva drew it. Even though the Estado Novo's Agência Geral das Colónias (General Agency of the Colonies) had asked for the shield, it was never officially adopted. Like other designs, a modified version was used at the 1934 Colonial Exposition of Porto and on posterior coins before the introduction of the 1935 shield design. [39]

In 1966, heraldist Franz Paul de Almeira Langhans designed flags for Portuguese ultramarine provinces in his book "Armorial do Ultramar Português", being Mozambique's the Flag of Portugal defaced with the colony's lesser arms shield on its lower fly side. [40] [41]

In 1990, the drafting of a new constitution started discussions on changing the national symbols due to their resemble to Mozambique Liberation Front's (FRELIMO), as it would be antithetical to use a partidary flag for national unity. This move failed to change the flag, and since then the primary criticism has been directed at the inclusion of the AK-47 on it, which some Mozambicans view as an allusion to violence. [42] [43]

In 2005, the Mozambican government held a competition with five judges to choose a new national flag and emblem as part of a peace agreement between the FRELIMO and the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO). [44] All the 169 proposals were ultimately rejected by the Assembly of the Republic, which voted 155 to 79 against changing the flag. All the votes against were from FRELIMO, and all the votes for were from RENAMO. [45]

Myanmar

Namibia

Nauru

Nepal

Netherlands

Aruba

Aruba is one of the islands that formed the former territory of the Netherlands Antilles. In 1976, the decision to obtain a distinctive flag was made, so a committee was formed in order to decide in what the design of such as flag would be. From the 693 proposals that were made to the committee, a preliminary selection of 157 was carried out. Some of these designs are depicted below. Some other proposals were made by vexillologists such as Whitney Smith, who proposed two designs.

Eventually, the committee worked on W.J. Fransen's design, and after a few iterations, the current flag of Aruba was born. [46]

New Zealand

See " 2015–2016 New Zealand flag referendums " and " New Zealand flag debate "

Tokelau

Nigeria

North Macedonia*

Norway

References: [47] [48]

Svalbard

Pakistan

Palestine

Panama

Papua New Guinea

Peru*

Philippines

Portugal*

Romania

Russia

Chuvashia

Karelia

Komi

Tatarstan

Rwanda

Samoa

São Tomé and Príncipe

Serbia

Vojvodina

Slovakia

Slovenia*

Solomon Islands*

South Africa

See: List of South African flags/Proposed flags

Spain

All of these Proposals are by Antonio Valdés.

Suriname

Tajikistan

Tanzania

Togo

Turkmenistan

Ukraine

Crimea

United Kingdom

Northern Ireland

Wales

Overseas Territories

Anguilla

Bermuda

In 2002, James B. Minahan proposed a design in his "Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations" that he called "the Bermudian National Flag." He states that this proposal aims to provide Bermuda with a national symbol once it attains independence from the United Kingdom. [50]

British Indian Ocean Territory

Cayman Islands

James Minahan in his Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations presents this proposed Cayman Islander independence flag, although it does not seem like any Cayman Islands independence groups use this flag. [51]

United States*

More than 3,000 citizens of the United States mailed proposals for how the United States flag could be changed following the admission of the states Alaska and Hawaii. A small portion of these proposals can be viewed at the Eisenhower Library Design of the 49- and 50-Star Flags online document.

Alaska

Arkansas

The following are submissions submitted to the 1912 Arkansas Flag Committee: [54]

Colorado

Connecticut

Hawaii

Illinois

In 2024, the Illinois Flag Commission contest selected the following 10 designs from a contest held in October 2024. [57] The ten designs as well as the Illinois Centennial and Sesquicentennial flags were put up for vote in January 2025, with an option to keep the current flag included as well. [57] [58] The current flag received a plurality of the votes, with no other design achieving more than 10% of the votes. [59]

Indiana

The following are submissions from Indiana's 1914 flag competition: [63]

Uzbekistan

Vietnam

Other supranational flag proposals

British Empire

Earth

Europe (Continent)

United Nations

References

  1. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210918144140/http://heraldicacivica.pt/ang.htm
  2. ↑ "Portuguese Angola". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
  3. ↑ F. P. de Almeida LANGHANS, Armorial do Ultramar Português, Lisboa, Agência-Geral do Ultramar, 1966
  4. ↑ "Angola - proposals for a new flag". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved July 4, 2025.
  5. ↑ "Política". ANGOP Agência Angola Press. September 3, 2003. Retrieved January 19, 2017.
  6. ↑ https://www.voaportugues.com/a/unita-insiste-na-mudana-da-bandeira-e-simbolo-de-angola/2596452.html
  7. ↑ https://angola24horas.com/politica/item/11045-bandeira-e-hino-de-angola-dividem-parlamento-angolano
  8. ↑ https://www.novojornal.co.ao/politica/detalhe/parlamento-aprovou-nova-lei-sobre-bandeira-insignia-e-hino-nacional-17800.html
  9. ↑ "Armenia: Alishan's flag proposals (late XIXth century)". Flags of the World (FOTW). 26 July 2020.
  10. ↑ "Armenia: 89th Republic (1918-1921)". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
  11. ↑ "Bahamas - Proposal". Flags of the World (FOTW). 26 March 2011.
  12. 1 2 "Государственный флаг Республики Беларусь". Vexillographia. December 8, 2019. Archived from the original on August 29, 2023.
  13. 1 2 Kuryanovich, Alyaksandr (August 18, 2015). "19 верасня 1991 года ў гісторыі нашай краіны, і чаму Мінск так і не стаў Менскам". Nashaniva. Archived from the original on August 29, 2023. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
  14. ↑ "Belgium: Flag proposals". Flags of the World (FOTW). 26 April 2014.
  15. ↑ "Evo Morales quiere cambiar la bandera de Bolivia". infobae (in European Spanish). 21 October 2017. Archived from the original on 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  16. ↑ "2006 new Bolivia flag proposal". Flags of the World (FOTW). 4 December 2017.
  17. ↑ "Bosnia and Herzegovina: Flag proposals, 1992". Flags of the World (FOTW). 20 March 2016.
  18. ↑ "Bosnia and Herzegovina: Flag proposals, 1997". Flags of the World (FOTW). 1 March 2014.
  19. ↑ "Bosnia and Herzegovina: Selection of the flag by High Representative Carlos Westendorp". Flags of the World (FOTW). 26 July 2020.
  20. ↑ "Brazil: Flags of the Republican Revolution (1888-1889)". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  21. ↑ "Brazil - Proposed National Flags since 1889". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  22. ↑ "Kingdom of Bulgaria, WW1 proposal". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  23. ↑ Loeser, Pete (April 22, 2011). "Colonial Flags 1914 (Germany) - Cameroon". Flags of the World (FOTW).
  24. 1 2 "Canada, flag proposals". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  25. ↑ General, Office of the Secretary to the Governor. "Proposed Flag for Canada: Parliamentary Committee (Group C Finalist), October 1964". The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  26. ↑ "Other Canadian flags (Canada)". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  27. ↑ "Le modèle de drapeau primé par le jury au concour organisé par la "Presse" rappelle les temps héroiques du Canada, sa loyauté, et symbolise ses aspirations". No. 189, 42nd year. La Presse. 29 May 1926. pp. 17, 42. Retrieved 14 March 2025.
  28. ↑ "Proposed Flag for Canada: Fortescue Duguid and John Matheson, 1945-1964". The Public Register of Arms, Flags, and Badges of Canada. The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 20 March 2025.
  29. ↑ Pass, Forrest (11 February 2025). "A Sweet Proposal… for a New Canadian Flag". The Discover Blog. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 10 April 2025.
  30. ↑ Stanley, George F. G. (25 November 2016). "Letter from G.F.G. Stanley, Dean of Arts at the Royal Military College of Canada, to John Matheson, Member of Parliament for Leeds, Ontario, relating to the design of a new Canadian flag". Library and Archives Canada / Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. Government of Canada / Gouvernement du Canada. Retrieved 19 April 2025.
  31. ↑ Stanley, George F. G. (25 November 2016). "Letter from G.F.G. Stanley, Dean of Arts at the Royal Military College of Canada, to John Matheson, Member of Parliament for Leeds, Ontario, relating to the design of a new Canadian flag". Library and Archives Canada / Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. Government of Canada / Gouvernement du Canada. Retrieved 19 April 2025.
  32. ↑ "Cabo Verde: 1967 Colonial Flag Proposal". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  33. ↑ "Central African Republic - 1976 Flag Project". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  34. ↑ "Proposals for the Åland Islands flag". Flags of the World (FOTW). 28 March 2014.
  35. ↑ Whitney Smith. Flags through the ages and cross the world. McGraw-Hill Book Company. 1975. p. 75.
  36. ↑ "Latvia - Flag Proposals and Variants". www.fotw.info. Retrieved 2022-01-26.
  37. ↑ "Latvijas valsts karogs". Latvian National Encyclopedia . Retrieved 2022-01-26.
  38. ↑ vestnesis.lv. "Latvijas sarkanbaltsarkanās krāsas - Latvijas Vēstnesis". www.vestnesis.lv (in Latvian). Retrieved 2022-01-26.
  39. ↑ https://www.heraldicacivica.pt/mcb.html#gsc.tab=0
  40. ↑ "Portuguese Mozambique". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved July 5, 2025.
  41. ↑ F. P. de Almeida LANGHANS, Armorial do Ultramar Português, Lisboa, Agência-Geral do Ultramar, 1966
  42. ↑ Seleti 1997, p. 57.
  43. ↑ Marshall 2017, p. 73.
  44. ↑ Wines 2005.
  45. ↑ Reuters 2005.
  46. ↑ "Aruba – Proposals". Flags of the World (FOTW). 28 March 2014.
  47. ↑ Stortinget (28 April 2021). "Forslag til norsk flagg". Stortinget.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2022-09-10.
  48. ↑ Vest-Agder-museet. "Flagget - Et nasjonalt symbol blir til" (PDF). vestagdermuseet.no (in Norwegian).
  49. ↑ ""Очередной пример ахинеи": дизайнер студии Лебедева предложил новый флаг России, но не всем он понравился". 24 July 2017.
  50. ↑ "Bermuda - Political Flags". Flags of the World (FOTW). 20 May 2019.
  51. ↑ "Cayman Islands". www.crwflags.com. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  52. ↑ "The Kids' Gazette for Eight Stars of Gold - flag_gazette.pdf" (PDF). museums.alaska.gov. Alaska State Museum. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
  53. 1 2 "New Glory": A Flag History and Design Project for the American Revolution Bicentennial Part II: New Designs for Flags (PDF). Santa Barbara, California: Santa Barbara Museum of Art. 1976. p. 5. OCLC 1022565103. Retrieved March 17, 2025 – via Museum of Modern Art.
  54. ↑ "Arkansas State Flag Competition entries". Arkansas State Archives. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
  55. ↑ Trembath, Brian K. (July 2, 2015). "The Untold Story Behind Colorado's Iconic State Flag". Denver Public Library . Archived from the original on April 22, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
  56. ↑ Agard, Louis "Buzz" (1993). He Alo a He Alo – Hawaiian Voices on Sovereignty. Honolulu: American Friends Service Committee. pp. 108–110. ISBN   978-0-910082-25-9
  57. 1 2 "Nearly 5,000 designs submitted for new Illinois state flag. What happens next?". Springfield State Journal-Register.
  58. ↑ Ackerman, Tom (October 31, 2024). "Nearly 5,000 designs submitted for new Illinois state flag. What happens next?". Springfield State Journal-Register.
  59. ↑ Ackerman, Tom (October 31, 2024). "Nearly 5,000 designs submitted for new Illinois state flag. What happens next?". Springfield State Journal-Register.
  60. ↑ Dean Thomas (13 December 2024). "This finalist in the Illinois State Flag design contest is my entry" . Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  61. ↑ "Our Flag Design Named a Top 10 Finalist in the Illinois Flag Redesign Contest". Clanin Creative. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  62. ↑ Brad Palmer (22 December 2024). "A design by two Fairfield High School students is a finalist for Illinois' new state flag". WSIU. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  63. ↑ Reddick, David (21 August 2023). The Indiana Flag: Who Really Designed It?. Fideli Publishing. p. 34. ISBN   978-1-955622-03-5.

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