Brix Tavern

Last updated

Brix Tavern
Brix Tavern logo.jpg
Brix Tavern, Portland, Oregon, 2020 - 3.jpg
The restaurant's front exterior in 2020
Brix Tavern
Restaurant information
EstablishedApril 22, 2011 (2011-04-22)
Owner(s)Urban Restaurant Group
Food type
Street address1338 Northwest Hoyt Street
City Portland
County Multnomah
State Oregon
Postal/ZIP Code97209
Coordinates 45°31′38″N122°41′05″W / 45.527087°N 122.684856°W / 45.527087; -122.684856
Seating capacity150
Website brixtavern.com

Brix Tavern is a restaurant in Portland, Oregon's Pearl District, in the United States, that serves American cuisine. The 150-seat restaurant was opened in April 2011 by Urban Restaurant Group and offers a menu that includes wood-fired pizzas, rotisserie meats, and other comfort foods. Brix has hosted and participated in special events, and has received a generally positive reception; compliments are most often given for happy hour menu options.

Contents

Description

Brix Tavern is a 150-seat restaurant the serves American cuisine in northwest Portland's Pearl District. [1] According to Portland Monthly , Brix is a New American restaurant and the district's "game-time go-to" with 30 craft beers on tap, 20 television sets, a billiard table, two dart boards, and a happy hour menu available for six hours each day. [2] Erin DeJesus of Eater Portland classified Brix as a lounge and sports bar. [3] Snooker was available for free, as of 2015. [4]

One restaurant guide has described Brix Tavern as a "warm, contemporary" restaurant and bar serving "a unique collection of enduring American comfort food and cocktails enhanced with only the freshest, locally sourced ingredients". [5] The menu focuses on wood-fired pizzas and rotisserie meats [3] but has offered options including whole chicken or grilled beef platters with four sauces (including béarnaise), prime rib, fried chicken, roasted halibut, [6] and truffled macaroni and cheese. [7] The brunch menu, which is available at weekends, offers a "slight Southern twist" and includes chicken and waffles, biscuits and gravy with maple sausage, Eggs Benedict, shrimp and grits, mimosas, and complimentary cinnamon sugar doughnuts drizzled with chocolate and raspberry. [8] [9]

The dessert menu has included a Heath bar brownie, crème brûlée , and a blackberry buttermilk pie. [6] The happy hour menu included calamari, Pizza Margherita, and seared yellowfin tuna with avocado, corn, tomato, and wasabi mayonnaise, as well as the "kicky" Brix Mule with bourbon or vodka, as of 2019. [10] Other drinks on the happy hour menu have included the Huckleberry Gimlet with huckleberry vodka and blackberry syrup, the Backyard Margarita with muddled Oregon berries, and the Red Neck Iced Tea with bourbon whiskey. [6]

In 2013, David Sarasohn of The Oregonian said, "Brix finds other ways to keep the happiness flowing outside designated hours, too. On Thursdays it offers a three-course meal plus cocktail for $30, and every night features a surprise $3 brown bag canned beer special." [6] The restaurant offered half-priced bottles of wine on Thursdays, as of 2016. [11]

History

Menu Brix Tavern, Portland, Oregon (2022) - 2.jpg
Menu

Brix Tavern opened on April 22, 2011, [3] in a space that was previously occupied by an Italian-Mediterranean restaurant called Olea. Urban Restaurants, Inc. had applied for Brix Tavern's liquor license by November 2010. [1] Other restaurants" within Urban Restaurant Group include Bartini, Carlita's, Swank & Swine, and Urban Fondue as of 2017. [12] [13] In 2018, [14] Brix Tavern was featured on "Winner Winner Free Dinner", the second episode of the first season of the Food Network's television show Big Bargain Eats . [15]

Events

Brix Tavern has hosted and participated in a variety of special events. In 2016, the restaurant hosted a "Beer – Barbecue – Bourbon Buffet" featuring a barbecue, beers by Ninkasi, and bourbon whiskey by Elijah Craig. [16] The 2017 "Whiskey Wash" event invited local distilleries to pair whiskeys with the venue's sweet-bourbon rotisserie pork leg. [17] For Thanksgiving in 2017, the restaurant served a four-course dinner with roast turkey. [18]

Brix has participated in Portland Mercury 's Highball cocktails event, [19] Burger Week, and Nacho Week events. For Burger Week in 2017 and 2019, Brix offered a burger called "The Norm" with sirloin steak, smoked Tillamook cheddar fondue, shredded lettuce, tomatoes, caramelized onions, and sauce for five dollars. [20] [21] For Nacho Week in 2019, Brix offered the "Brix Chips" with braised roasted pork shoulder, Swiss cheese fondue, grilled tomato salsa, cilantro cream, and tortilla chips, [22] for five dollars as well. [23] For a Super Bowl viewing party in 2020, Brix served buffalo wings, barbecue pork ribs, mini corn dogs, "lil smokies", mozzarella sticks, tater tots, and nachos in the form of chips and tater tots. [24]

Reception

The restaurant's exterior with a designated outdoor seating area during the COVID-19 pandemic Brix Tavern, Portland, Oregon, 2020 - 1.jpg
The restaurant's exterior with a designated outdoor seating area during the COVID-19 pandemic

In 2013, The Oregonian 's David Sarasohn gave Brix Tavern a "B−" rating, which he described as "almost a permanent party" and a "boisterous celebration" because of the seemingly constant happy hour, writing: "On a good evening, you can hear Brix Tavern down the street, and possibly across I-405." [6] He recommended the rotisserie chicken tacos, the prime rib, and Heath bar brownie. Sarasohn also complimented the shrimp on polenta for "manag[ing] to retain their freshness and sweetness" but found the beef platter "inconsistent" and did not prefer the fried chicken or pizza. [25] He also said, "Food at Brix is ample if inconsistent, and at some times the prices can be particularly inviting." [6] In her 2017 search for the best local wood-fired pizza, The Oregonian's Samantha Bakall wrote:

Somewhere, Brix went wrong with their "brick oven fired" pizza. The margherita that hit the table almost seemed slid out of [a] frozen pizza box, with no char at all, save for a few spots on the bottom of the floury, cracker-like dough. But, buried under a heavy hand of both shredded and blobs of mozzarella was a very tasty, almost meaty roasted tomato sauce. We just can't get past the flavorless and chalky crust. [26]

In her 2014 Portland food guide, Laurie Wolf wrote:

This is good American comfort food, with standout dishes including anything cooked on the rotisserie. The pizzas are good and the prime rib Cobb salad is hearty and different. I am a sucker for truffle anything, and their truffled mac and cheese is crusty and comforting ... The rib eye is cooked well and the shared trio of beef platter is a great idea, very well executed. [7]

The restaurant's interior, 2022 Brix Tavern, Portland, Oregon (2022) - 1.jpg
The restaurant's interior, 2022

In 2015, Willamette Week 's Matthew Korfhage said Brix has the city's "weirdest drink specials". [4] The venue was placed third in the "Night Light Lounge" and "Best Mimosa" categories in 2016 and 2017 readers' polls, respectively. [27] [28] In a 2017 review of brunch destinations for visiting families or children, the Portland Mercury said, "Bustling tourists surround the charming street-side tables in the Pearl, and their spacious, exposed brick dining room would be ideal for any stylish, slightly judgmental aunts who happen to be visiting Portland." [8] In his 2017 and 2019 happy hour reviews, Wm. Steven Humphrey called Brix Tavern a "great pit stop after work" that is "slightly rambunctious, and with the possibility of live jazz". He said the "lengthy" happy hour menu complements Brix's "already lively" and "inviting" atmosphere, and features "inventive and unrelentingly fresh" cocktails. He recommended the seared tuna. [10] [29] In 2020, the same paper's Jenni Moore recommended the shrimp and grits and mimosas, writing:

While I typically visit this Pearl District for their all-night happy hour on Sunday and Monday, Brix Tavern appears to be one of the few remaining places in Portland offering refillable mimosas as part of a stellar brunch experience. So it should come as no surprise that it's also the type of place where reservations (yes, for brunch) are recommended. Especially during high sportsball season, when everyone and their whole family intends to catch a game on one of Brix Tavern's multiple flatscreens. [9]

According to Thrillist, "Brix cracked our list of Favorite 5 Sports Bars due to its rarified Pearl [District] atmosphere, which allows you to knock back rotisserie meats and brick oven-fired pizzas at fancy table-clothed four-tops and still scream at the games playing on their many, many flatscreens, all before holding it down at the pool table or on arcade games like Buck Hunter ." [30] Zagat gave Brix Tavern ratings of 4.3 for food, 4.4 for decor, and 4.4 for service, each on a scale of 5. The guide said, "This Pearl District find leads a double life as a classy modern restaurant with a well-executed menu of American comfort favorites and also as a large TV-and game-filled bar; service is friendly, prices are generally low and insiders suggest brew fans get the surprise beer in a paper bag (bartender's choice)". [31]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dime Store (Portland, Oregon)</span> Defunct restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

The Dime Store was a short-lived restaurant in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. It was established by Dayna McErlean, with additional conceptual development from Jeremy Larter. The restaurant opened in 2014, replacing Leo's Non-Smoking Coffee Shop, a diner which had operated for thirty years. The Dime Store's menu included diner classics such as burgers and milkshakes, along with all-day breakfast and weekend brunch specials. Despite receiving a positive critical reception, the restaurant closed in November 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Irving Street Kitchen</span> Defunct restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Irving Street Kitchen was a restaurant serving American cuisine in Portland, Oregon's Pearl District, in the United States. Conceived by Doug Washington, Mitch Rosenthal and Steve Rosenthal as their interpretation on American cuisine with a Southern influence, it opened on May 6, 2010. With executive chef Sarah Schafer, Irving Street Kitchen added to their serving hours over the years, opening up for lunch and brunch. The restaurant also shifted towards casual dining in 2019, revamping its menu and ambiance. Irving Street Kitchen ultimately closed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bluehour</span> Defunct restaurant and bar in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Bluehour was a Mediterranean restaurant and bar located in the Pearl District of Portland, Oregon, United States. The business began operating in September 2000. Bruce Carey and Joe Rogers co-owned the business with Kenny Giambalvo, who also served as an executive chef until 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Parish</span> Defunct restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

The Parish was a Cajun, Louisiana Creole, and seafood restaurant in Portland, Oregon's Pearl District, in the United States. It was opened by Tobias Hogan and Ethan Powell in 2012, and became known for its oysters. In 2015, the restaurant was split in half, and one side of the space began serving brunch, lunch, and happy hour as the Palmetto Cafe. The Palmetto was converted into a private event space and pop-up restaurant in February 2016, and The Parish closed abruptly in September of that year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swank and Swine</span> Restaurant and bar in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Swank and Swine is the collective name of the former restaurant Swank and the bar Swine, located in Portland, Oregon's Paramount Hotel, in the United States. Swank was rebranded as Taylor Street Tavern in 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nostrana (restaurant)</span> Italian restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Nostrana is an Italian restaurant and pizzeria in southeast Portland, Oregon, United States. Cathy Whims opened the restaurant in 2005 and serves as chef and owner. Nostrana serves classic Italian cuisine and has been dubbed "Portland's capital of the Negroni". The restaurant has received a generally positive reception, especially for its pizzas and happy hour menu. In 2018, Whims opened the European wine bar Enoteca Nostrana next door to the restaurant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tasty n Daughters</span> Defunct restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Tasty n Daughters was a restaurant in Portland, Oregon. The "reboot" of Tasty n Sons opened in February 2019. It closed in mid 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, along with sibling restaurant Tasty n Alder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clyde Common</span> Restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Clyde Common was a restaurant and market in Portland, Oregon, United States. The business opened in 2007. In 2020, Clyde Common closed temporarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic, reopening in July with outdoor dining and as a market. The bar and restaurant became known as Clyde Tavern, and the part of the former dining area was called Common Market. Clyde Common closed permanently in January 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Delta Cafe</span> Restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Delta Cafe is a Southern, cajun, and soul food restaurant in the Woodstock neighborhood of Portland, Oregon. Anastasia Corya and Anton Pace opened the restaurant in 1995. They sold Delta in 2007 to open another Southern restaurant, Miss Delta, with two of the cafe's cooks. Frequented by Reed College students and neighborhood residents, Delta Cafe has been recognized as a favorite local comfort food destination. The cafe also has a cocktail bar called Delta Lounge. In 2016, a mural was painted on the restaurant's exterior as part of a neighborhood beautification project.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roman Candle (Portland, Oregon)</span> Defunct bakery and pizzeria in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Roman Candle Baking Co., or simply Roman Candle, was a bakery and pizzeria–restaurant in the Richmond neighborhood of Portland, Oregon. Duane Sorenson opened Roman Candle in 2013, with a menu offering wood-fired pizza and other Italian cuisine, including sandwiches, breads, green salads, pastries, and baked potatoes. Dan Griffin and Joshua McFadden served as the baker and chef, respectively. The bakery started supplying select menu items to Sorenson's Stumptown Coffee Roasters locations in late 2015. Roman Candle received a generally positive reception, with the pizzas and kouign-amann receiving the most praise. The restaurant closed in April 2018 for renovations, ahead of a rebrand as a gluten-free and vegan cafe called Holiday, which Sorenson launched one month later.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davis Street Tavern</span> Defunct restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Davis Street Tavern was a restaurant in Portland, Oregon's Old Town Chinatown neighborhood. Christopher Handford, chef Gabriel Kapustka, and Handford's cousin Blake Smith opened the restaurant serving American cuisine in 2008. The building that housed it was previously a bakery. Kapustka left in 2010, after being bought out by partners. Subsequent executive chefs were Scott Shampine and Katy Jane Millard. The restaurant hosted an annual supper celebrating Robert Burns. In 2012, Davis Street Tavern and the Oregon Restaurant and Lodging Association led an effort by industry groups to overturn the U.S. Department of Labor's rules prohibiting gratuity sharing with kitchen staff. The restaurant closed in September 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Original Dinerant</span> Diner in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

The Original Dinerant, or simply The Original, is a diner serving American cuisine in Portland, Oregon, United States. Owned by Sage Hospitality Resources, Guy Fieri visited the "modern" and "upscale" diner to film a 2016 episode of the Food Network's Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives. The diner has hosted competitive eating contests and other special events. The Original has received a generally positive reception and is most known for its glazed doughnut sliders and alcoholic milkshakes. The restaurant's mezzanine level has an amusement arcade and bar called The Dinercade added in early 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fuller's Coffee Shop</span> Diner in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Fuller's Coffee Shop is a diner serving standard American cuisine in Portland, Oregon's Pearl District, in the United States. Established in 1947, the restaurant has operated from its location in downtown Portland since 1960. It serves breakfast all day, and the menu features a cheeseburger with a recipe that has not changed since the diner's establishment. Described as a greasy spoon, Fuller's has received a generally positive reception, and appeared in an episode of the television series Grimm in 2017. Founded by Jack Fuller, the diner was later owned by his son John then by Urban Restaurant Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xico (restaurant)</span> Defunct Mexican restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Xico was a restaurant serving Mexican cuisine in Portland, Oregon's Richmond neighborhood, in the United States. The restaurant opened in 2012; sibling establishment Xica Cantina opened in northwest Portland in mid 2019. Xico closed in March 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whiskey Soda Lounge</span> Restaurant in Oregon, United States

Whiskey Soda Lounge was a bar and Thai restaurant by Andy Ricker in Portland, Oregon's Richmond neighborhood, in the United States. Located across the street from Ricker's Pok Pok restaurant, the whiskey-centric bar closed in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ate-Oh-Ate</span> Hawaiian restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Ate-Oh-Ate is a Hawaiian restaurant with two locations in Portland, Oregon, in the United States. Named after the area code 808 in Hawaii, the restaurant's logo depicts a "happy, well-fed" pig. Ben Dyer, David Kreifels, and Jason Owens are co-chefs and co-owners.

Sunshine Tavern was a restaurant in Portland, Oregon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pearl Tavern</span> Defunct restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Pearl Tavern was a sports bar and restaurant in Portland, Oregon's Pearl District, in the United States. The restaurant was started by former American football player Joey Harrington, bartender Ryan Magarian, and ChefStable restaurateur Kurt Huffman in December 2016. Intended to be more casual than a steakhouse, the family-friendly Pearl Tavern served various cuts of steak, fried chicken, fish, and risotto, as well as bar snacks and other options for brunch and happy hour. The interior had dark leather booths and multiple widescreen television for sports viewing, and the servers wore plaid. Three percent of profits benefitted Harrington's non-profit organization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lonesome's Pizza</span> Defunct pizzeria in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Lonesome's Pizza was a pizzeria in Portland, Oregon. Co-owners Noah Antieu, Nic Reddy, and Nik Sin started the delivery-only business in 2010. In 2012, Lonesome's began operating from a window at the nightclub and music venue Dante's. Known for its quirky pizza names and for including artwork and music with deliveries, the pizzeria closed in 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jam on Hawthorne</span> Restaurant in Portland, Oregon, U.S.

Jam on Hawthorne is a restaurant in Portland, Oregon.

References

  1. 1 2 DeJesus, Erin (November 29, 2010). "Brix Tavern in Olea; Jonny Ericsen at Little Bird; Whiskey Soda Lounge Adds Happy Hour". Eater Portland . Vox Media. Archived from the original on June 24, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  2. ↑ "Brix Tavern". Portland Monthly . ISSN   1546-2765. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 DeJesus, Erin (April 22, 2011). "Inside the Pearl's New Sports Bar, Brix Tavern, Open Today". Eater Portland. Archived from the original on December 29, 2014. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  4. 1 2 Korfhage, Matthew (March 17, 2015). "Cheap Life: Free Pool..." Willamette Week . Portland, Oregon. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  5. ↑ Where to Eat Guide Portland – Spring Issue 2014: Dining Guide, Portland, Oregon, Restaurant Guide. Where to Eat Guide & Associates. 2014. p. 54. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sarasohn, David (August 1, 2013). "Brix Tavern: Close your eyes, open your mouth". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  7. 1 2 Wolf, Laurie (January 14, 2014). Food Lovers' Guide to Portland, Oregon: The Best Restaurants, Markets & Local Culinary Offerings. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 100. ISBN   9781493006700. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  8. 1 2 "Finding the Perfect Brunch for You: Visiting Families or Kids". Portland Mercury . July 12, 2017. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  9. 1 2 Moore, Jenni (March 12, 2020). "Basically Bottomless: Five Brunch Spots with an Everflowing Array of Mimosas". Portland Mercury. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  10. 1 2 Humphrey, Wm. Steven (March 28, 2019). "100 Portland Happy Hours: Northwest". Portland Mercury. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  11. ↑ Korfhage, Matthew (September 21, 2016). "Ridiculously Cheap Thursday Food and Drink Deals in Portland". Willamette Week. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  12. ↑ Bamman, Mattie John (February 9, 2017). "Southwest Tacos and Whiskey Will Replace Streetcar Bistro and Taproom". Eater Portland. Archived from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  13. ↑ Ross, Thomas (December 6, 2017). "Carlita's Screaming Happy Hour Saves the Day". Portland Mercury. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  14. ↑ "Big Bargain Eats: Season 1, Episode 2: Winner Winner Free Dinner". TV Guide. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  15. ↑ "Season 1, Episode 2: Winner Winner Free Dinner". Food Network. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  16. ↑ Bamman, Mattie John (June 15, 2016). "5 Epic Food Events to Consider This Week". Eater Portland. Archived from the original on October 22, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  17. ↑ Lassalle, Janelle (July 12, 2017). "Rosé, Cats and Drinking, Tastes Of Spain and 14 More Portland Food Events for the Week of July 13-18". Willamette Week. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  18. ↑ Russell, Michael (November 1, 2017). "Portland restaurants that serve Thanksgiving dinner". The Oregonian . Advance Publications. ISSN   8750-1317. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  19. ↑ "The Portland Mercury's Highball Is This Week! 7 Days of $5 Cocktails!". Portland Mercury. March 6, 2017. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  20. ↑ "The Portland Mercury's Burger Week Is Here!". Portland Mercury. August 2, 2017. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  21. ↑ "Burger Week 2019". Portland Mercury. August 1, 2019. Archived from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  22. ↑ "Nacho Week 2019". Portland Mercury. October 10, 2019. Archived from the original on August 11, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  23. ↑ "The Portland Mercury's Nacho Week! All the Places You Can Get $5 Nachos, Oct 14–19". Portland Mercury. September 13, 2019. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  24. ↑ Frane, Alex (January 30, 2020). "Where to Watch the 2020 Super Bowl in Portland". Eater Portland. Archived from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  25. ↑ DeJesus, Erin (August 5, 2013). "The 'Joyful' Ración; A 'Permanent Party' at Brix Tavern". Eater Portland. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  26. ↑ Bakall, Samantha (May 18, 2017). "The search for Portland's best wood-fired pizza: 22 shops and counting". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  27. ↑ "Best of Portland Reader's Poll 2016: The Complete List of Winners". Willamette Week. July 18, 2016. Archived from the original on January 6, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  28. ↑ Kilts, Alie (July 12, 2017). "Here are the Winners of the Best of Portland Readers' Poll 2017". Willamette Week. Archived from the original on January 6, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  29. ↑ Humphrey, Wm. Steven (March 15, 2017). "Happy Hour Guide: Northwest". Portland Mercury. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  30. ↑ "Brix Tavern". Thrillist . Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  31. ↑ "Brix Tavern". Zagat. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.