List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names

Last updated

The following is a partial list of adjectival forms of place names in English and their demonymic equivalents, which denote the people or the inhabitants of these places. [a]

Contents

Many place-name adjectives and many demonyms refer also to various other things, sometimes with and sometimes without one or more additional words. (Sometimes, the use of one or more additional words is optional.) Notable examples are cheeses, cat breeds, dog breeds, and horse breeds. (See List of words derived from toponyms.)

Planets

Continents

Entries in italics are continental regions (taking as reference the 7 continents model).

NameAdjective Demonym
Afro-Eurasia Afro-EurasianAfro-Eurasians
Africa AfricanAfricans
Eurasia EurasianEurasians
Asia AsianAsians
Middle East Middle EasternMiddle Easterners
Europe EuropeanEuropeans
Americas AmericanAmericans
North America North AmericanNorth Americans
Caribbean CaribbeanCaribbeans
West Indies West IndianWest Indians
Central America Central AmericanCentral Americans
Northern America Northern AmericanNorthern Americans
South America South AmericanSouth Americans
Antarctica AntarcticAntarcticans
Oceania OceanianOceanians
Australasia AustralasianAustralasians
Australia aAustralianaAustraliansa
Zealandia ZealandianZealandians
Pacific Islands Pacific IslandsPacific Islanders

aUsually used to identify specifically the Commonwealth of Australia or its people.

Subcontinental regions

Countries and nations

States, provinces, regions and territories

Australian states and territories

State/territoryAdjective Demonym
  colloquial
Australian Capital Territory CanberranCanberrans"Inlanders", "Round Abouters", "Canberries", "Pollies", [2] "Ken Behrens" [3]
New South Wales New South WelshNew South Welshmen"Waratahs", "Cockroaches", "Blues"
Northern Territory Northern TerritoryNorthern Territorians, Territorians"Top Enders", "Ex-pats"
Queensland QueenslandQueenslanders"Banana Benders", "Cane Toads", "Maroons"
South Australia South AustralianSouth Australians"Crow Eaters"
Tasmania TasmanianTasmanians"Apple Eaters", "Taswegians", "Tazzies"
Victoria VictorianVictorians"Vics", "Mexicans"
Western Australia Western AustralianWestern Australians"Sandgropers", "Westralians"

Brazilian states

StateAdjective/Demonym
Acre (AC)Acrean
Alagoas (AL)Alagoan
Amapá (AP)Amapaense
Amazonas (AM)Amazonense
Bahia (BA)Bahian
Ceará (CE)Cearense
Espírito Santo (ES)Capixaba or Espiritossantense
Federal District (DF)Brasiliense
Goiás (GO)Goian
Maranhão (MA)Maranhense
Mato Grosso (MG)Matogrossense
Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)Sul-matogrossense
Minas Gerais (MG)Mineiran
Pará (PA)Paraense
Paraíba (PB)Paraiban
Paraná (PR)Paranaense
Pernambuco (PE)Pernambucan
Piauí (PI)Piauiense
Rio de Janeiro (RJ)Fluminense
Rio Grande do Norte (RN)Potiguar or Norte-riograndense
Rio Grande do Sul (RS)Gaúcho or Sul-riograndense
Rondônia (RO)Rondonian or Rondoniense
Roraima (RR)Roraimense
Santa Catarina (SC)Catarinense
São Paulo (SP)Paulista
Sergipe (SE)Sergipan
Tocantins (TO)Tocantinense

Canadian provinces and territories

Province or TerritoryAdjective Demonym
Colloquial
Alberta (Province)Albertan

Albertans

'Bertans
British Columbia (Province)British Columbian, BC [4] British ColumbiansB.C.ers
Manitoba (Province)ManitobanManitobans
French: Manitobains m., Manitobaines f.
Tobans
New Brunswick (Province)New BrunswickNew Brunswickers
French: Néo-Brunswickois m., Néo-Brunswickoises f.
Herring Chokers
Newfoundland and Labrador (Province)Newfoundland and LabradorNewfoundlanders, Labradorians
French: Terre-Neuviens m., Terre-Neuviennes f.
Newfies/Newfs [4]
Northwest Territories (Territory)Northwest Territorian, NWT (also N.W.T.) [4] Northwest Territorians
Nova Scotia (Province)Nova ScotianNova Scotians
French: Néo-Écossais m., Néo-Écossaises f.
Bluenoses, Bluenosers [4]
Nunavut (Territory)NunavutNunavummiut (Nunavummiuq sing.)
Ontario (Province)OntarioOntarians
French: Ontariens m., Ontariennes f.
Prince Edward Island (Province)Prince Edward Island, PEI, [4] IslandPrince Edward Islanders, Islanders
French: Prince-Édouardiens
Quebec (Province)Quebec
French: québécois  m., québécoise f.
Quebecers, Quebeckers, Québécois, Québécoise [4]
French: Québécois m., Québécoises f.
French: habitants, canadiens, canadien-francais
Saskatchewan (Province)SaskatchewanSaskatchewaniansFlat-landers
Yukon (Territory)YukonYukonersSourdoughs

Federated states and other territories of Germany

State/territoryAdjective Demonym
  colloquial
Angria (North German area and historical region)AngrianAngrians
Baden-Württemberg ( federated state )
Badisch
Württembergisch
Hohenzollerisch

Badener
Württembergers
 

Badenser
Swabians (Schwaben)
 
Bavaria ( federated state )BavarianBavarians
Berlin ( federated state )BerlinerBerliners
Brandenburg ( federated state )BrandenburgishBrandenburgers
Eastphalia (North German area and historical region)EastphalianEastphalians
Franconia FranconianFranconians
Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg HamburgishHamburgiansHamburgers
Hannover (ancient German state)HanoverianHanoveriansHannoveraners
Hesse ( federated state )HessianHessians
Lower Saxony ( federated state )Lower SaxonLower Saxons
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ( federated state )
  • Mecklenburg
  • Western Pomerania

Mecklenburgish
Pomeranian

Mecklenburger
Pomeranian
North Rhine-Westphalia ( federated state )
  • North Rhine
  • Westphalia
North Rhine - Westphalian
Rhenish
Westphalian
North Rhine - Westphalians
Rhinelanders
Westphalian
Pomerania (ancient German territory)PomeranianPomeranians
Prussia (ancient German state)PrussianPrussians
Rhineland (area)RhenishRhinelanders
Rhineland-Palatinate ( federated state )
  • Rhineland
  • Palatinate

Rhenish
Palatine

Rhinelanders
Palatines


Pfälzer
Saarland ( federated state )
Saarlander
Saar

Saarlanders
Saars
Saxony ( federated state )SaxonSaxons
Saxony-Anhalt ( federated state )
  • Saxony
  • Anhalt

Saxon
Anhaltish

Saxons
Anhalters
Silesia (ancient German territory)SilesianSilesians
Schleswig-Holstein ( federated state )
  • Schleswig
  • Holstein

Schleswigish
Holsteinish

Schleswigers
Holsteiners
Swabia (South German area and cultural, geographic, historical, and linguistic region)SwabianSwabians
Thuringia ( federated state )ThuringianThuringians
Westphalia (North German area and historical region)WestphalianWestphalians

Indian states and territories

State or territoryAdjective Demonym
colloquial
Andaman and Nicobar Islands Andamanese [5]
Nicobarese [5]
Andamanese
Nicobarese
Andhra Pradesh AndhruluAndhraites, Andhrites, Andhra Pradeshis, Andhrulu Teluguvaaru
Arunachal Pradesh ArunachaliArunachalis
Assam Assamese [5] Assamese
Bihar Bihari [5] Biharis
Chandigarh ChandigarhiChandigarhis
Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarhi Chhattisgarhis
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Dadran
Nagar Havelian
Damanese
Diuese
Dadran
Nagar Havelian
Damanese
Diuese
Delhi Delhiite, DelhianDelhiites, Delhians
Goa Goan, [5] Goans, Goenkars
Gujarat Gujarati [5] Gujaratis
Haryana Haryanvi Haryanvis
Himachal Pradesh HimachaliHimachalis
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu
Kashmiri [5]
Jammuite
Kashmiris
Jharkhand JharkhandiJharkhandis
Karnataka Karnatakan, Canarese [5] Karnatakans, Canarese, KannadigaKannadiga
Kerala Keralite Keralites, MalayalisMalayali
Ladakh Ladakhi Ladakhi
Lakshadweep (Laccadives)LaccadivianLaccadivians
Madhya Pradesh Madhya PradeshiMadhya Pradeshis
Maharashtra Maharashtrian [5] Maharashtrians Marathi
Manipur Manipuri [5] Manipuris Meiteis
Meghalaya MeghalayanMeghalayans
Mizoram Mizo [5] Mizos
Nagaland Naga, [5] Nagalandese Nagas, Nagalanders
Odisha Odia [5] (Odia) [of the people]
Odishan (Orissan) [of the state]
Odissi (Orissi) [5]
Odias (Odias)
Odishans (Orissans)
Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry)PondicherrianPondicherrians
Punjab Punjabi [5] Punjabis
Rajasthan Rajasthani [5] Rajasthanis
Sikkim Sikkimese [5] Sikkimese
Tamil Nadu Tamil, [5] Tamilian Tamils, Tamilians Tamizhan
Telangana Telanganite Telanganites Teluguvaaru
Tripura Tripuri, Tripuran Tripuris, Tripurans
Uttar Pradesh Uttar PradeshiUttar Pradeshis
Uttarakhand Uttarakhandi Uttarakhandis
West Bengal (West) Bengali, [5] (West) Bengalese (archaic) [5] (West) Bengalis

Bangladeshi divisions

DivisionAdjective Demonym
  colloquial
Barisal Division BarisaliBarisali (Borishali)Barisailla (Borishailla)
Chittagong Division ChittagonianChãtgaiya (Satgaiya)Chittagainga (Sitainga)
Dhaka Division DhakaiDhakaiyaDhakaiya
Khulna Division KhulnaiyaKhulnaiyaKhulnaiya
Mymensingh Division MymensinghiyaMymensinghiMymensinghiya
Rajshahi Division RajshahiyaRajshahiya (Rajshahiyo)Rajshahiya
Rangpur Division RangpuriRangpuri (Rongpuri)Rangpuri
Sylhet Division SylhetiSylheti (Sileti)Siloti

Malaysian states and territories

State / TerritoryAdjective Demonym
colloquial
Johor JohoreanJohoreansSoutherners
Kedah KedahanKedahansNortherners
Kelantan KelantaneseKelantaneseEast Coasters
Kuala Lumpur Kuala LumpurianKuala LumpuriansFederal Territorians, KL-ites
Labuan LabuaneseLabuaneseFederal Territorians
Malacca MalaccanMalaccans
Negeri Sembilan Negeri SembilaneseNegeri SembilaneseNegrians
Pahang PahangitePahangitesEast Coasters
Penang PenangitePenangites
Perak PerakianPerakians
Perlis PerlisianPerlisians
Putrajaya PutrajayanPutrajayansFederal Territorians
Sabah SabahanSabahansBorneans
Sarawak SarawakianSarawakiansBorneans
Selangor SelangoreanSelangoreans
Terengganu TerengganuanTerengganuansEast Coasters
West Malaysia West MalaysianWest MalaysiansMalayans
East Malaysia East MalaysianEast MalaysiansBorneans

States of Mexico

Federal entityAdjective Demonym
colloquial
Aguascalientes HydrocalidHidrocálido/-a, aguascalentense
Baja California Lower CalifornianBajacaliforniano/-a
Baja California Sur South Lower CalifornianSudcaliforniano/-a
Campeche CampechanCampechano/-a
Chiapas ChiapanChiapaneco/-a
Chihuahua ChihuahuanChihuahuense"Norteño/a"
Coahuila de Zaragoza CoahuilanCoahuilense
Colima ColimeanColimense
Durango DurangoleseDuranguense
Guanajuato GuanajuateanGuanajuatense
Guerrero GuerreranGuerrerense
Hidalgo HidalgoleseHidalguense
Jalisco JaliscanJalisciense"Jalisquillo" "Tapatio/ Tapatia"
State of Mexico MexicanMexiquense
Ciudad de México (México D.F.) (México Distrito Federal) (Mexico City)Mexiqueño/-a, defeño/-a"Chilango"
Michoacán MichoacaneseMichoacano/-a
Morelos MoreleseMorelense
Nayarit NayaritaNayarita
Nuevo León New LeoneseNeoleonés, neoleonense"Regio/a"
Oaxaca OaxacanOaxaqueño/-a"Oaxaco"
Puebla Pueblan/PoblanoPoblano/-a
Querétaro QueretanQueretano/-a
Quintana Roo QuintanaroanQuintanarroense
San Luis Potosí PotosinianPotosino/-a
Sinaloa SinaloanSinaloense
Sonora SonoranSonorense
Tabasco TabascanTabasqueño/-a
Tamaulipas TamaulipanTamaulipeco/-a
Tlaxcala TlaxcalthequeTlaxcalteco/ -a
Veracruz VeracruzanVeracruzano/-a"Jarocho/a"
Yucatán Yucatec/YucatecanYucateco/-a"Costeño/a"
Zacatecas ZacatecanZacatecano/-a
  1. Capitalino is often used to refer to people from Mexico City; however, capitalino can be used to refer to people from any state capital. "Defeño" and "Chilango" are listed by the Royal Spanish Academy

States of the Federated States of Micronesia

StateAdjectiveDemonym
Chuuk ChuukeseChuukese
Kosrae KosraeanKosraeans
Pohnpei PohnpeianPohnpeians
Yap YapeseYapese

Regions of New Zealand

Region/IslandAdjective Demonym
colloquial
Auckland Region AucklandAucklanders"Jafas"
Bay of Plenty Region Bay of PlentyBay of Plentiers [6]
Canterbury Region CanterburyCantabrians"Cantabs"
Gisborne Region Gisborne, East CoastGisbornians, [6] East Coasters
Hawke's Bay Region Hawke's BayHawke's Bayers"Baysiders"
Manawatū-Whanganui RegionManawatū-Whanganui, Manawatu, WanganuiManawatū-Whanganuians, Manawatuans, Whanganuians
Marlborough Region MarlboroughMarlburians
Nelson RegionNelsonianNelsonians
Northland Region NorthlandNorthlanders
Otago RegionOtagoOtagoites, [6] Otagoans, Otagonians
Southland RegionSouthlandSouthlanders
Taranaki RegionTaranakiTaranakians"'Nakians"
Tasman Region TasmanTasmanites
Waikato RegionWaikatoWaikatoans"Mooloos" [7]
Wellington Region Wellington, WellingtonianWellingtonians
West Coast RegionWest CoastWest Coasters|"Coasters"
North Island North IslandNorth Islanders
South Island South Island / MainlandSouth Islanders"Mainlanders"
Stewart Island Stewart Island, RakiuranStewart Islanders, Rakiurans
Chatham Islands ChathamChatham Islanders

Philippine provinces

ProvinceAdjective Demonym
colloquial
Abra AbrenianAbreño/-a
Agusan del Norte North AgusanianAgusanon
Agusan del Sur South AgusanianAgusanon
Aklan Aklan, Aklanon, [8] [9] Aklanese Aklanon Akeanon*
Albay Albay, Albayan, AlbayanoAlbayano/-a
Antique Antiquenian, Antiqueño [10] Antiqueño/-a
Apayao Apayao, [9] ApayaonianApayao
Aurora Auroran Auroran
taga-Aurora
Basilan Basilan, Basileño, BasilaneseBasileño/-a
Bataan Bataan, Bataanese, BataeñoBataeño/-a,
taga-Bataan
Batanes Batanic, Ivatan, Ivatanic Ivatan
Batangas Batangan, Batangueño [11] Batangueño/-a,
taga-Batangas
Batangasin in Quezon
Benguet Benguet, BenguetianBenguetIgorot1
Biliran Biliran, BiliranianBiliranon
Bohol Boholan, Boholano [12] [9] Boholano/-aBol-anon*
Bukidnon BukidnonBukidnon [13]
Bulacan Bulacan, Bulaqueño, BulacaneseBulaqueño/-a,
taga-Bulacan
Cagayan Cagayan, Cagayano, CagayaneseCagayano/-a
Camarines Norte North Camarinean, CamarinenseCamarinense
Camarines Sur South Camarinean, CamarinenseCamarinense
Camiguin CamiguinCamiguinon
Capiz Capizian, Capizeño [14] Capizeño/-aCapiznon
Catanduanes Catanduanean, Catandueño/-aCatandunganon
Cavite Cavitenian, Caviteño [9] Caviteño/-a,
taga-Cavite
Cebu Cebu, Cebuan, Cebuano [15] [9] Cebuano/-aSugbuanon*
Cotabato Cotabato, Cotabatan, Cotabateño [9] Cotabateño/-a
Davao de Oro Golden Davao, Davaoeño, Orocanon, OroqueñoDavaoeño/-a
Davao del Norte North Davao, DavaoeñoDavaoeño/-a
Davao del Sur South Davao, DavaoeñoDavaoeño/-a
Davao Occidental Western Davao, DavaoeñoDavaoeño/-a
Davao Oriental Eastern Davao, DavaoeñoDavaoeño/-a
Dinagat Islands Dinagat, DinagatanDinagatnon
Eastern Samar Eastern Samarian, SamareñoEastern Samareño/-aSamarnon, Estehanon
Guimaras GuimarasianGuimarasnon
Ifugao Ifugao Ifugao [16] [9] Igorot
Ilocos Norte North Ilocos, Ilocano [17] [9] Ilocano/-a
Ilocos Sur South Ilocos, Ilocano [9] Ilocano/-a
Iloilo Iloilo, Iloiloan, Ilonggo [18] [9] Ilonggo/-a
Isabela IsabelanIsabeleño/-a
Kalinga Kalingan Kalinga [19] [9]
La Union La Unionian, La UeñoLa Ueño/-a
Laguna Lagunian, Laguneño, LagunenseLaguneño/-a,
Lagunense,
taga-Laguna
Lagunahin* in Southeastern part of Laguna
Lanao del Norte North LanaoLanaonon
Lanao del Sur South Lanao, Maranao Maranao
Leyte LeytenianLeyteño/-a [20]
Maguindanao del Norte North MaguindanaoanNorte Maguindanao [21]
Maguindanao del Sur South Maguindanaoan Maguindanao [21]
Manila Manilan, ManileñoManileño/-a,
taga-Maynila
Maynilain in Quezon
Marinduque Marinduquenian, Marinduqueño [22] Marinduqueño/-a,
Marindukanon,
Marinduquehin,
taga-Marinduque
Masbate Masbatenian, Masbateño [9] Masbateño/-a
Misamis Occidental West MisamisOccidental Misamisnon
Misamis Oriental East MisamisOriental Misamisnon
Mountain Province Mountaineers Bontoc Igorot
Negros Occidental West Negros, Negrense [23] Occidental NegrenseNegrosanon
Negros Oriental East Negros, Negrense Oriental NegrenseNegrosanon
Northern Samar North Samarian, SamareñoNorte Samareño/-aNortehanon*
Nueva Ecija Nueva Ecijan, Novo EcijanoNovo Ecijano/-a,
taga-Nueva Ecija
Nueva Vizcaya Nueva Vizcayan, Novo VizcayanoNovo Vizcayano/-a
Occidental Mindoro West Mindorenian, MindoreñoOccidental Mindoreño/-a,
taga-Occidental Mindoro
Oriental Mindoro East Mindorenian, MindoreñoOriental Mindoreño/-a,
taga-Oriental Mindoro
Palawan Palawan, [9] PalaweñoPalaweño/-a
Pampanga Pampangan, Pampangueño [24] Pampangueño/-aKapampangan* [9]
Pangasinan Pangasinan, [25] Pangasinense Pangalatok2
Quezon Quezonian, QuezoninQuezonian,
Quezonin,
taga-Quezon,
Tayabasin,3 [26]
Tayabeño/-a,3 Tayabense 3
Quirino QuirinianQuirinian
Rizal Rizalian, RizaleñoRizaleño/-a,
taga-Rizal
Romblon Romblonian Romblomanon
Samar West Samarian, Samareño [27] Samareño/-aSamarnon, Westehanon
Sarangani SaranganSarangan
Siquijor SiquijorianSiquijornon, Siquijodnon [28]
Sorsogon Sorsogonian, SorsogueñoSorsogueño/-aSorsoganon
South Cotabato South Cotabatan, South CotabateñoSouth Cotabateño/-a
Southern Leyte Southern LeytenianSouthern Leyteño/-a
Sultan Kudarat Sultan Kudaratenian, Sultan KudarateñoSultan Kudarateño/-a
Sulu Sulu, Suluan, SuluanoSuluano/-a
Surigao del Norte North Surigaoan Surigaonon
Surigao del Sur South Surigaoan Surigaonon
Tarlac Tarlaquenian, TarlaqueñoTarlaqueño/-a,
Tarlakin,
taga-Tarlac
Tawi-Tawi Tawi-TawianTawi-Tawian
Zambales Zambalean, Zambaleño Zambaleño/-a Sambal
Zamboanga del Norte North Zamboangan, ZamboangueñoNorte Zamboangueño/-a
Zamboanga del Sur South Zamboangan, Zamboangueño Zamboangueño/-a Chavacano *
Zamboanga Sibugay SibugaySibugaynon, Zamboangueño/-a
  1. Sometimes discriminatory or derogatory.
  2. Considered derogatory.
  3. From the province's former name, Tayabas.

U.S. states

Regions in Greco-Roman antiquity

Regions tracing their origins (or otherwise referenced) in Greco-Roman antiquity [in cases where ancient regions are extant, this table is limited to cases where the present-day regional names retain their original/ancient form].

(References: Herodotus' "Histories"; Thucydides' "Peloponnesian War"; Pausanias' "Description of Greece"; Lemprière's Bibliotheca Classica; Leverett's 1838 edition of the "Lexicon of the Latin Language"; Freeman's "The History of Sicily..."; et al.)

NameAdjective Demonym
colloquial
Acarnania AcarnanianAcarnanians
Achaea AchaeanAchaeans
Aegina AeginetanAeginetans
Aethaea AethaeanAethaeans
Aetolia AetolianAetolians
Andalusia AndalusianAndalusians
Apulia ApulianApulians
Aquitania AquitanianAquitanians
Arcadia ArcadianArcadians
Argos ArgiveArgives
Arretium ArretineArretines
Athens AthenianAthenians
Bactria, Bactriana BactrianBactrians
Bavaria BavarianBavarians
Boeotia Boeotian, BeotianBoeotians, Beotians
Boiohaemum BoiusBoii
Bosporus, Bosphorus Bosporan, BosphoranBosporans, Bosphorans
Britannia BritannicBritannics
Bruttium (Bruttus ?), BruttianBrutti, Bruttians
Byzantium ByzantineByzantines
Calabria CalabrianCalabrians
Caledonia CaledonianCaledonians
Campania CampanianCampanians
Cantabria CantabrianCantabrians
Caria CarianCarians
Carthage CarthaginianCarthaginians
Carystus CarystianCarystians
Catalonia Catalan, CatalonianCatalans, Catalonians
Cephalonia CephalonianCephalonians
Chalcis ChalcidianChalcidians
Chios ChiotChiots
Colchis ColchianColchians
Colossae ColossianColossians
Consentia ConsentianConsentians
Corcyra CorcyreanCorcyreans
Corsica CorsicanCorsicans
Crete CretanCretans
Croton CrotonianCrotonians
Cyclades CycladianCycladians
Cyprus Cypriot, CyprioteCypriots, Cypriotes
Cyrenaica CyrenaicCyrenaics
Cyrene CyrenianCyrenians
Dacia DacianDacians
Dalmatia DalmatianDalmatians
Delos DelianDelians
Dodecanese DodecanesianDodecanesians
Edonia EdonianEdonians
Egesta EgestanEgestans
Eleusina or Eleusis Eleusian, EleusinianEleusians, Eleusinians
Elis or Eleia ElianElians
Ephesus EphesianEphesians
Epidamnus or Epidamnos EpidamnianEpidamnians
Epidaurus EpidaurianEpidaurians
Epirus EpiroteEpirotes
Eretria EretrianEretrians
Etruria Etrurian, EtruscanEtruscans
Euboea EuboeanEuboeans
Galatia GalatianGalatians
Gallaecia GallaecusGallaeci
Gallia or Gaul GaulishGauls
Germania Germanic, GermanusGermanic, Germani
Hibernia HibernianHibernians
Iberia IberianIberians
Illyria IllyrianIllyrians
Ionia IonianIonians
Kalymnos KalymnianKalymnians
Kaulonia KaulonianKaulonians
Knossos KnossianKnossians
Lakedaimon/ia or Lakedaemon/ia Lakedaimonian or LakedaemonianLakedaimonians or Lakedaemonians
Larissa LarissanLarissans
Latium LatinLatins
Leontini, Leontium LeontinianLeontinians
Lesbos LesbianLesbians
Locris LocrianLocrians
Lucania LucanianLucanians
Lusitania LusitanianLusitanians
Lydia LydianLydians
Macedonia MacedonianMacedonians
Maeonia MaeonianMaeonians
Mantineia MantineanMantineans
Marathon MarathonianMarathonians
Media MedianMedes, Medians
Megara MegarianMegarians
Melite MelitianMelitians
Melos MelianMelians
Mesopotamia MesopotamianMesopotamians
Messenia MessenianMessenians
Miletus MilesianMilesians
Mithymna or Methymna MethymnianMethymnians
Moravia MoravianMoravians
Mycenae MycenaeanMycenaeans
Mytilene MytileneanMytileneans
Naupactus or Nafpaktos NaupactianNaupactians
Naxos NaxianNaxians
Nisyros NisyrianNisyrians
Oea OeanOeans
Olympia OlympianOlympians
Oiniades, Oiniadai OiniadanOiniadans
Orkney Islands OrcadianOrcadians
Paeonia or Paionia PaeonianPaeonians
Pamphylia PamphylianPamphylians
Paros ParianParians
Patmos PatmianPatmians
Peloponnese PeloponnesianPeloponnesians
Pergamum PergamianPergamians
Persia PersianPersians
Philippi PhilippianPhilippians
Phlius PhliasianPhliasians
Phocis PhocianPhocians
Phoenicia PhoenicianPhoenicians
Phrygia PhrygianPhrygians
Pisidia PisidianPisidians
Pontus PontianPontians
Pylos PylosianPylosians
Rhegion Rhegian, RhegineRhegians, Rhegines
Rhodes RhodianRhodians
Rhithymna, Rhithymnia, Rithymna RhithymnianRhithymnians
Rome RomanRomans
Sabinum SabineSabines
Salamis SalaminianSalaminians
Samnium SamniteSamnites
Samos SamianSamians
Sardinia Sardinian, SardiSardinians, Sardi
Sardis Sardianus, SardianSardiani, Sardians
Sarmatia Sarmatian, Sarmata, or SauromataSarmatians, Sarmatae, or Sauromatae
Scythia Scytha, ScythianScythae, Scythians
Serrae, Serrhae SerreanSerreans
Serica SereSeres
Sicily SicilianSicilians
Sicyon SicyonianSicyonian
Sidon, or Saïda SidonianSidonians
Silesia SilesianSilesians
Skopelos SkopelitanSkopelitans
Sparta SpartanSpartans
Suebia SuebiusSuebi
Symi SymianSymians
Syracuse SyracusanSyracusans
Taras, Tarentum Tarentine, TarentumianTarentines, Tarentumians
Tegea TegeanTegeans
Tenedos TenedianTenedians
Tenedos TenedianTenedians
Thasos ThasianThasians
Thebes ThebanThebans
Thespis ThespianThespians
Thessaly ThessalianThessalians
Thrace ThracianThracians
Thria ThriasianThriasians
Thuria ThuriatThuriats
Thurii ThurianThurians
Thynia ThynianThynians
Trichonos TrichonianTrichonians
Troezen TroezenianTroezenians
Troy TrojanTrojans
Umbria UmbrianUmbrians
Xanthi XanthianXanthians
Zakynthos ZakynthianZakynthians

Other former nations and regions

Ancient civilizations, former colonies, renamed countries and regions, annexations, secessions, etc. (other than Greco-Roman, which see above ).

Fictional regions

NameAdjective Demonym
Atlantis Atlantean, AtlantineAtlanteans, Atlantans
Aloria AlornAlorns
Andor AndorianAndorians
Attilan Inhumans
Blefuscu BlefuscudianBlefuscudians
Borduria BordurianBordurians
Brobdingnag BrobdingnagianBrobdingnagians
Laputa LaputianLaputans
Lilliput LilliputianLilliputians
Cadia CadianCadians
Cardassia Prime Cardassian Cardassians
BajorBajoran Bajorans, Bajora
Dorne DornishDornish
Ferenginar Ferengi Ferengi
Fontaine FontainianFontainians
Gallifrey GallifreyanGallifreyans
Genosha GenoshanGenoshans
Hyrule HylianHylians
Inazuma InazumanInazumans
Islandia IslandianIslandians
Khaenri'ah Khaenri'ahns
Krypton KryptonianKryptonians
Latveria LatverianLatverians
Luggnagg Luggnaggians
Mondstadt Mondstadters
Narnia NarnianNarnians
Natlan Natlanese
Numenor NumenoreanNumenoreans, Dunedan (sg), Dunedain (pl)
Oz OzianOzite [29]
Poictesme Poictoumois
Qo'noSKlingon Klingons
RemusReman Remans
Rohan RohirricRohirrim
Romulus Romulan Romulans
Skaro Skaroene, SkarosianSkarosians
Sodor SudrianSudrians [30]
Skyrim Nordic, NorseNords
Snezhnaya SnezhnayanSnezhnayans
SontarSontaran Sontarans
Syldavia SyldavianSyldavians
Utopia UtopianUtopians
Wakanda WakandanWakandans
Westeros WesterosiWesterosi
Vulcan Vulcan, VulcanianVulcans

Counties

Ireland

United Kingdom

Cities

See also

Notes

  1. Demonyms are given in plural forms. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case of -ese endings, are the same as the plural forms. The ending -men has feminine equivalent -women (e.g. an Irishman and a Scotswoman). The French terminations -ois / ais serve as both the singular and plural masculine; adding 'e' (-oise / aise) makes them singular feminine; 'es' (-oises / aises) makes them plural feminine. The Spanish termination "-o" usually denotes the masculine and is normally changed to feminine by replacing the "-o" with "-a". The plural forms are usually "-os" and "-as" respectively. Adjectives ending -ish can be used as collective demonyms (e.g. the English, the Cornish). So can those ending in -ch / -tch (e.g. the French, the Dutch) provided they are pronounced with a 'ch' sound (e.g., the adjective Czech does not qualify). Where an adjective is a link, the link is to the language or dialect of the same name. [1]

References

  1. Ethnologue, Languages of the World)
  2. Pollie is a colloquial word for politician
  3. "Mitch made an innocuous typo at work. From it, a legend was born". ABC News. 20 August 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2021-08-26.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Katherine Barber, ed. (2004). Canadian Oxford Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   0-19-541816-6. OL   18257035M. Wikidata   Q104096047.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Oxford English Dictionary . Oxford University Press. 2nd ed. 1989.
  6. 1 2 3 Kenny, Lee (17 September 2018). "'Awkward' Christchurch without its own nickname". Stuff. Archived from the original on 18 September 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2023. Many New Zealand demonyms have been created by adding ‑er, such as Bay of Plentiers, or by adding ‑ians, such as Gisbornians. In fewer cases ‑ites is used, such as Otagoites.
  7. "Mooloo". Collins Online Dictionary. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  8. Lancion, Conrado M. Jr. (1995). "The Provinces". Fast Facts about Philippine Provinces. cartography by de Guzman, Rey (The 2000 Millenium ed.). Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines: Tahanan Books. p. 22. ISBN   971-630-037-9 . Retrieved January 13, 2016.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Ethno-linguistic Groups Listings". National Commission for Culture and the Arts . June 17, 2015. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
  10. Lancion 1995, p. 26.
  11. Lancion 1995, p. 36.
  12. Lancion 1995, p. 42.
  13. Lancion 1995, p. 44.
  14. Lancion 1995, p. 56.
  15. Lancion 1995, p. 62.
  16. Lancion 1995, pp. 76–77.
  17. Lancion 1995, p. 78.
  18. Lancion 1995, p. 82.
  19. Lancion 1995, p. 87.
  20. Lancion 1995, p. 96.
  21. 1 2 Lancion 1995, p. 98.
  22. Lancion 1995, p. 100.
  23. Lancion 1995, p. 110.
  24. Lancion 1995, p. 126.
  25. Lancion 1995, p. 128.
  26. "Tayabasin, Quezonin, Filipino". OpinYon News. 2023-01-26. Retrieved 2023-04-27.
  27. Lancion 1995, p. 138.
  28. Lancion 1995, p. 142.
  29. Baum, L. Frank (1908). Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz. United States: Reilly & Britton. p. 272.
  30. Awdry, W V; Awdry, G E V (1986). The Island of Sodor: Its People, History and Railways. United Kingdom: Kaye and Ward. p. 16. ISBN   0434927627.