PRKAG1

PRKAG1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2UV4, 2UV5, 2UV6, 2UV7, 4CFE, 4CFF, 4RER, 4REW, 5EZV, 4ZHX
Identifiers
Aliases	PRKAG1 , AMPKG, protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 1
External IDs	OMIM: 602742 MGI: 108411 HomoloGene: 99712 GeneCards: PRKAG1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human) [1] Band 12q13.12 Start 49,002,274 bp [1] End 49,018,807 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse) [2] Band 15 F1|15 54.73 cM Start 98,710,678 bp [2] End 98,729,402 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gastrocnemius muscle islet of Langerhans left ventricle left adrenal gland triceps brachii muscle rectum Achilles tendon right coronary artery body of pancreas monocyte Top expressed in saccule otic placode right ventricle molar internal carotid artery external carotid artery lip pyloric antrum ciliary body renal corpuscle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding protein kinase activity cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity ADP binding AMP-activated protein kinase activity AMP binding protein binding cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity protein kinase binding ATP binding adenyl ribonucleotide binding Cellular component cytosol membrane nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex extracellular exosome nucleus nucleoplasm Biological process lipid metabolism fatty acid metabolic process regulation of glycolytic process protein phosphorylation positive regulation of gene expression fatty acid biosynthetic process spermatogenesis macroautophagy signal transduction positive regulation of protein kinase activity regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator regulation of macroautophagy import into nucleus regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5571 19082 Ensembl ENSG00000181929 ENSMUSG00000067713 UniProt P54619 O54950 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001206709 NM_001206710 NM_002733 NM_212461 NM_016781 RefSeq (protein) NP_001193638 NP_001193639 NP_002724 NP_058061 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 49 – 49.02 Mb Chr 15: 98.71 – 98.73 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG1 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit is one of the gamma regulatory subunits of AMPK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed. ^[7]

Interactions

PRKAG1 has been shown to interact with PRKAB2 ^[8] and PRKAB1. ^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000181929 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000067713 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Stapleton D, Mitchelhill KI, Gao G, Widmer J, Michell BJ, Teh T, House CM, Fernandez CS, Cox T, Witters LA, Kemp BE (January 1996). "Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (2): 611–4. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.2.611 . PMID   8557660.
6. Gao G, Fernandez CS, Stapleton D, Auster AS, Widmer J, Dyck JR, Kemp BE, Witters LA (April 1996). "Non-catalytic beta- and gamma-subunit isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (15): 8675–81. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.15.8675 . PMID   8621499.
7. "Entrez Gene: PRKAG1 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit".
8. Cheung PC, Salt IP, Davies SP, Hardie DG, Carling D (March 2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". The Biochemical Journal. 346 Pt 3 (3): 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. PMC   1220898 . PMID   10698692.

Further reading

• Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Baldwin RL, Insixiengmay P, Nel A, Fahey JL (December 1990). "HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism". Journal of Immunology. 145 (11): 3699–705. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.145.11.3699. PMID   1978848. S2CID   39230415.
• Beebe SJ, Oyen O, Sandberg M, Frøysa A, Hansson V, Jahnsen T (March 1990). "Molecular cloning of a tissue-specific protein kinase (C gamma) from human testis--representing a third isoform for the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase". Molecular Endocrinology. 4 (3): 465–75. doi: 10.1210/mend-4-3-465 . PMID   2342480.
• Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T, Insixiengmay P, Fahey JL (July 1993). "Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (14): 6676–80. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.6676H. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.14.6676 . PMC   46995 . PMID   7688126.
• Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fan J, Nguyen T, Fahey JL (July 1994). "HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro". AIDS. 8 (7): 1016–7. doi:10.1097/00002030-199407000-00025. PMID   7946090.
• Woods A, Cheung PC, Smith FC, Davison MD, Scott J, Beri RK, Carling D (April 1996). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase beta and gamma subunits. Assembly of the heterotrimeric complex in vitro". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (17): 10282–90. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.48.30517 . PMID   8626596.
• Dyck JR, Gao G, Widmer J, Stapleton D, Fernandez CS, Kemp BE, Witters LA (July 1996). "Regulation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase activity by the noncatalytic beta and gamma subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (30): 17798–803. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.30.17798 . PMID   8663446.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . PMID   8889548.
• Swingler S, Gallay P, Camaur D, Song J, Abo A, Trono D (June 1997). "The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix". Journal of Virology. 71 (6): 4372–7. doi:10.1128/JVI.71.6.4372-4377.1997. PMC   191654 . PMID   9151826.
• Stapleton D, Woollatt E, Mitchelhill KI, Nicholl JK, Fernandez CS, Michell BJ, Witters LA, Power DA, Sutherland GR, Kemp BE (June 1997). "AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location". FEBS Letters. 409 (3): 452–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00569-3. PMID   9224708. S2CID   39329574.
• Chen P, Mayne M, Power C, Nath A (September 1997). "The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (36): 22385–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.36.22385 . PMID   9278385.
• Reinton N, Haugen TB, Orstavik S, Skålhegg BS, Hansson V, Jahnsen T, Taskén K (April 1998). "The gene encoding the C gamma catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase is a transcribed retroposon". Genomics. 49 (2): 290–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5240. PMID   9598317.
• Zidovetzki R, Wang JL, Chen P, Jeyaseelan R, Hofman F (July 1998). "Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways". AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 14 (10): 825–33. doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.825. PMID   9671211.
• Mayne M, Bratanich AC, Chen P, Rana F, Nath A, Power C (1998). "HIV-1 tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF-alpha: implications for HIV-induced neurological disease". Neuroimmunomodulation. 5 (3–4): 184–92. doi:10.1159/000026336. PMID   9730685. S2CID   19529677.
• Cheung PC, Salt IP, Davies SP, Hardie DG, Carling D (March 2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". The Biochemical Journal. 346 Pt 3 (3): 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. PMC   1220898 . PMID   10698692.
• Hamilton SR, Stapleton D, O'Donnell JB, Kung JT, Dalal SR, Kemp BE, Witters LA (July 2001). "An activating mutation in the gamma1 subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase". FEBS Letters. 500 (3): 163–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02602-3. PMID   11445078. S2CID   85248755.
• Minokoshi Y, Alquier T, Furukawa N, Kim YB, Lee A, Xue B, Mu J, Foufelle F, Ferré P, Birnbaum MJ, Stuck BJ, Kahn BB (April 2004). "AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus". Nature. 428 (6982): 569–74. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..569M. doi:10.1038/nature02440. PMID   15058305. S2CID   4302317.

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 (PRKAG1)