PRKAB2

Last updated
PRKAB2
Protein PRKAB2 PDB 2f15.png
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases PRKAB2 , protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2
External IDs OMIM: 602741 MGI: 1336185 HomoloGene: 38046 GeneCards: PRKAB2
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_005399

NM_182997

RefSeq (protein)

NP_005390

NP_892042

Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 147.16 – 147.17 Mb Chr 3: 97.57 – 97.58 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAB2 gene. [5] [6]

The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit may be a positive regulator of AMPK activity. It is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and thus may have tissue-specific roles. [6]

Interactions

PRKAB2 has been shown to interact with PRKAG2 [7] and PRKAG1. [7]

Research on the genes CHD1L and PRKAB2 within lymphoblast cells [8] lead to the conclusion that anomalies appear with the 1q21.1 deletion syndrome:

Related Research Articles

AMP-activated protein kinase Class of enzymes

5' AMP-activated protein kinase or AMPK or 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase is an enzyme that plays a role in cellular energy homeostasis, largely to activate glucose and fatty acid uptake and oxidation when cellular energy is low. It belongs to a highly conserved eukaryotic protein family and its orthologues are SNF1 in yeast, and SnRK1 in plants. It consists of three proteins (subunits) that together make a functional enzyme, conserved from yeast to humans. It is expressed in a number of tissues, including the liver, brain, and skeletal muscle. In response to binding AMP and ADP, the net effect of AMPK activation is stimulation of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, ketogenesis, stimulation of skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, lipogenesis, and triglyceride synthesis, inhibition of adipocyte lipogenesis, inhibition of adipocyte lipolysis, and modulation of insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells.

Phosphorylase kinase

Phosphorylase kinase (PhK) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which activates glycogen phosphorylase to release glucose-1-phosphate from glycogen. PhK phosphorylates glycogen phosphorylase at two serine residues, triggering a conformational shift which favors the more active glycogen phosphorylase “a” form over the less active glycogen phosphorylase b.

PRKAR2A

cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAR2A gene.

CAMK2G

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II gamma chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CAMK2G gene.

PRKAA2 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAA2 gene.

Protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAA1 gene.

PRKAB1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAB1 gene.

PRKAG2

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG2 gene.

PRKACB Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKACB gene.

GNB2

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB2 gene.

GNG2

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG2 gene.

PRKCSH

Glucosidase 2 subunit beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCSH gene.

PHKG1

Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PHKG1 gene.

Phosducin Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Phosducin, also known as PDC, is a human protein and gene. It belongs to the phosducin family of proteins.

PRKAG1

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG1 gene.

PRKACG Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKACG gene.

GNG12 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG12 gene.

GNG3

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG3 gene.

PRKAG3

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG3 gene.

PKIB

cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PKIB gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000131791 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038205 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Stapleton D, Mitchelhill KI, Gao G, Widmer J, Michell BJ, Teh T, House CM, Fernandez CS, Cox T, Witters LA, Kemp BE (February 1996). "Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily". J Biol Chem. 271 (2): 611–4. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.2.611 . PMID   8557660.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: PRKAB2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 2 non-catalytic subunit".
  7. 1 2 Cheung, P C; Salt I P; Davies S P; Hardie D G; Carling D (March 2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". Biochem. J. ENGLAND. 346 (3): 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. ISSN   0264-6021. PMC   1220898 . PMID   10698692.
  8. Harvard C, Strong E, Mercier E, Colnaghi R, Alcantara D, Chow E, Martell S, Tyson C, Hrynchak M, McGillivray B, Hamilton S, Marles S, Mhanni A, Dawson AJ, Pavlidis P, Qiao Y, Holden JJ, Lewis SM, O'Driscoll M, Rajcan-Separovic E (2011). "Understanding the impact of 1q21.1 copy number variant". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 6: 54. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-6-54. PMC   3180300 . PMID   21824431.

Further reading