Central Soil Salinity Research Institute

Last updated

Central Soil Salinity Research Institute
Logo of Central Soil Salinity Research Institute.jpg
Other name
CSSRI
TypeRegistered Society
Established1969
DirectorDr. RK Yadav
Total staff
301
Location, ,
India

29°42′29″N76°57′11″E / 29.70806°N 76.95306°E / 29.70806; 76.95306
CampusZarifa Farm
Website www.cssri.res.in

The Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI) [1] is an autonomous institute of higher learning, established under the umbrella of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India for advanced research in the field of soil sciences. The institute is located on Kachawa Road in Karnal, in the state of Haryana, 125 km (78 mi) from the Indian capital of New Delhi.

Contents

Profile

Salt-affected soils Salinity.jpg
Salt-affected soils
Rice Oryza sativa of Kadavoor.jpg
Rice
Wheat close-up.JPG

Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI) had its origin in Hisar, Haryana, on 1 March 1969, as per recommendations of an Indo-American team, employed to assist the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in developing a comprehensive water management program for India. However, by October 1969, the institute was shifted to its present premises in Karnal and a year later, the Central Rice Research Station, Canning Town, West Bengal was merged with CSSRI.

The institute has a satellite unit in Bharuch, which was originally started in Anand in 1989, but moved to Bharuch in 2003 and hosts the coordinating unit of AICRP on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agriculture with a network of eight research centres located in different agro ecological regions of the country at Agra, Bapatala, Bikaner, Gangawati, Hisar, Indore, Kanpur and Tiruchirapalli. The coordinating unit of AICRP on Water Management was a part of CSSRI from early seventies till 1990 when it was moved to Rahuri in Maharashtra.

The main achievements of CSSRI may be listed as:

CSSRI manages an International Training Centre under an Indo-Dutch collaboration since 2001. It offers post graduate level programs in association with State Agricultural Universities (SAUs), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) and other Universities. [2]

The institute has undertaken several national and international projects.

Divisions

An agricultural drainage channel MagomeDrainage.jpg
An agricultural drainage channel
Relative groundwater travel times Groundwater flow.svg
Relative groundwater travel times
Land reclamation in progress Bingzhou Peninsula area - land reclamation - DSCF9204.JPG
Land reclamation in progress

The institute is engaged in multidisciplinary research activities which are carried out through four divisions.

Division of Soil and Crop Management

The Division conducts research on resource conservation technologies [8] and cost effective farming system models. It prepares and maintains digital databases of salt affected soils and conducts periodic assessment of soil resources. It also focusses on agroforestry on salt affected soils.

Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering

The Division attends to the areas related to groundwater recharge technologies, subsurface drainage for amelioration of waterlogged saline soils and decision support systems for ground water contaminations. The Division has project partnership with INNO-Asia. [9]

Division of Crop Improvement

Development of saline and alkaline tolerant crops such as rice, wheat and mustard through conventional breeding and modern molecular and physiological approaches is the primary activity of the Division. [10]

The Division of Social Science Research

The Division is pursuing to evaluate and assess the socio-economic impact of the technologies developed by the institute. These technologies are transferred to the farmers and other stakeholders through frontline demonstrations, farmers’ fairs, exhibitions, and other extension methods. The development of human resources through trainings on reclamation and management of salt-affected soils and use of poor quality water in agriculture.

Mandate

Mandate: [11] The institute is mandated with: [12]

Regional Research Stations

CSSRI has three regional stations for a wider national coverage, each located at Bharuch, [13] Canning Town [14] [15] and Lucknow. [16] [17]

Facilities

Publication and Supporting Service Unit

PSS unit is responsible for information dissemination of the scientific researches of the Institute and has published 233 research papers on national and international journals, published 25 books and 60 bulletins.

Computer Centre

The institute is equipped with a modern computer centre since 1988 which acts as the communication hub of the institute. The centre is supported by an ICT infrastructure, LAN network and modern hardware and software. It provides system support in the procurement, maintenance, training, MIS reports, document processing, conduct of computer based exams and IT support for administration. It also maintains the web site of the institute.

Health Care Center

The Institute manages a Health Care Centre with the facility to accommodate 5 inpatients, a senior allopathic medical officer, a part-time ayurvedic medical officer, pharmacist, support staff, clinical laboratory with diagnostic equipment and a pharmacy. A modern fitness centre also operates in the health care centre.

Library

CSSRI library os a well stocked one, holding a collection of 14,668 books and 7967 bound journals, consisting of publications of FAO, IRRI, UNESCO, ILRI, ICID, IFPRI, ASA and ASAE. The library subscribes to 69 national and 25 international journals other than 15 gratis journals. It also maintains a digital repository with digital magazines such as SOIL, AGRIS and Plant Gene.

PME Cell

Greenhouse Botanical Garden V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute.jpg
Greenhouse

Research Priority setting, Monitoring and Evaluation (PME) cell is the monitoring unit of the Institute for assisting the scientists and scholars in the allocation of research areas and the monitoring and evaluation of the projects. It helps the scientists in the maintenance of database, report generation and compilation, generation and publication of research documents.

Technology Management Unit

Technology Management Unit is equipped with and manages:

The institute has an administrative department, a Hindi Cell and a workshop to attend to the relevant areas of activities.

All India Coordinated Project for Research (AICRP)

Irrigation canal near Channagiri, Davangere District, India Canaldoddaghatta.jpg
Irrigation canal near Channagiri, Davangere District, India
Agroforestry Faidherbia albida.JPG
Agroforestry

The institute is the coordinating unit for the All India Coordinated Project for Research on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agriculture. The research is conducted at nine centres viz. Agra, Bapatla, Gangawati, Kanpur, Indore, Bikaner, Pali, Hisar and Tiruchirapalli. [2]

The project is mandated with the responsibility to:

Awards and recognitions

CSSRI has been recognised for its efforts by way of several awards. [18]

Publications

CSSRI has published many books, [23] some of the notable ones are:

The institute has also published many technical bulletins, [24] newsletters, [25] popular articles [26] and research papers. [26]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soil salinity</span> Salt content in the soil

Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salination can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean. It can also come about through artificial processes such as irrigation and road salt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Rice Research Institute</span> Agricultural research and training organization

The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is an international agricultural research and training organization with its headquarters in Los Baños, Laguna, in the Philippines, and offices in seventeen countries. IRRI is known for its work in developing rice varieties that contributed to the Green Revolution in the 1960s which preempted the famine in Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Arid Zone Research Institute</span> Research institute of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research

The Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) is one of the biggest research institutes of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), an autonomous organization working under the aegis of the Department of Agriculture Research and Education (DARE) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare of Government of India. CAZRI has the distinction of being one of the first institutes in the world exclusively devoted to arid zone research and development. The institute made a humble beginning in 1952 when Government of India initiated Desert Afforestation Research Station at Jodhpur to carry out research on sand dune stabilization and for establishment of shelter belt plantations to arrest wind erosion. It was reorganized as Desert Afforestation and Soil Conservation Station in 1957 and finally in its present form Central Arid Zone Research Institute in 1959 on recommendation of the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) expert, Prof. C.S. Christian of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia. In 1966, the institute was brought under the administrative control of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi.

In geotechnical engineering, watertable control is the practice of controlling the height of the water table by drainage. Its main applications are in agricultural land and in cities to manage the extensive underground infrastructure that includes the foundations of large buildings, underground transit systems, and extensive utilities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soil salinity control</span> Controlling the problem of soil salinity

Soil salinity control refers to controlling the process and progress of soil salinity to prevent soil degradation by salination and reclamation of already salty (saline) soils. Soil reclamation is also known as soil improvement, rehabilitation, remediation, recuperation, or amelioration.

Rajendra Singh Paroda is an Indian agricultural scientist. He was the former Director General of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and Secretary, Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Government of India. He was the general president of the Indian Science Congress Association during 2000-2001 and the president of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) from 1998 to 2000. He was elected as the first chairman of the Global Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR), FAO, Rome from 1998 to 2001. He served as an executive secretary of the Asia Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI) based at FAO Regional Office, Bangkok since 1992. He also served as the chairman, board of trustees, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, member of IRRI Board, Los Banos, Philippines and was a member of Advisory Council of Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Canberra, and the Commonwealth Agriculture Bureau International (CABI), London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SaltMod</span> Salinity modelling software

SaltMod is computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the drain discharge (hydrology) in irrigated agricultural lands, using different (geo)hydrologic conditions, varying water management options, including the use of ground water for irrigation, and several cropping rotation schedules. The water management options include irrigation, drainage, and the use of subsurface drainage water from pipe drains, ditches or wells for irrigation.

Upland rice is rice grown in drier environments. The term describes varieties of rice developed for rain-fed or less-intensely irrigated soil instead of flooded rice paddy fields or rice grown outside of paddies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Environmental effects of irrigation</span> Land & irrigation

The environmental effects of irrigation relate to the changes in quantity and quality of soil and water as a result of irrigation and the subsequent effects on natural and social conditions in river basins and downstream of an irrigation scheme. The effects stem from the altered hydrological conditions caused by the installation and operation of the irrigation scheme.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nagendra Kumar Singh</span> Indian agricultural scientist (born 1958)

Nagendra Kumar Singh is an Indian agricultural scientist. He is presently a National Professor Dr. B.P. Pal Chair and JC Bose National Fellow at ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. He was born in a small village Rajapur in the Mau District of Uttar Pradesh, India. He is known for his research in the area of plant genomics, genetics, molecular breeding and biotechnology, particularly for his contribution in the decoding of rice, tomato, wheat, pigeon pea, jute and mango genomes and understanding of wheat seed storage proteins and their effect on wheat quality. He has made significant advances in comparative analysis of rice and wheat genomes and mapping of genes for yield, salt tolerance and basmati quality traits in rice. He is one of the highest cited agricultural scientists from India for the last five years.

The Irrigated Rice Research Consortium (IRRC) focuses on agricultural research and extension in irrigated rice-based ecosystems. In partnership with national agricultural research and extension systems (NARES) and the private sector, the IRRC provides a platform for the dissemination and adoption of natural resource management (NRM) technologies in Asian countries. The IRRC is currently active in 11 countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. It aims to strengthen NARES-driven interdisciplinary research, link research and extension, facilitate rice farmers' uptake of technological innovations, and enable environmentally sound rice production to expand to feed growing populations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal</span> Research center in Bhopal, India

The Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (CIAE) is a higher seat of learning, research and development in the field of agricultural engineering, situated in the lake city of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is an autonomous body, an Indian Council of Agricultural Research subsidiary, under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmer's Welfare, Government of India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian Institute of Soil Science</span>

The Indian Institute of Soil Science is an autonomous institute for higher learning, established under the umbrella of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India for advanced research in the field of soil sciences.

Ebrahimali Abubacker Siddiq is an Indian agricultural scientist, whose research in genetics and plant breeding is reported to have assisted in the development of various high-yielding rice varieties such as dwarf basmati and hybrid rice. The government of India honoured Siddiq in 2011 with the fourth-highest civilian award of Padma Shri.

ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Rohtak also called as ICAR-CIFE Rohtak is one of the regional research and education campus of the Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), which is a Deemed to be University and institution of higher learning for fisheries science.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Virender Lal Chopra</span> Indian biotechnologist (1936–2020)

Virender Lal Chopra was an Indian biotechnologist, geneticist, agriculturalist and a director-general of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), known to have contributed to the development of wheat production in India. He was the chancellor of Central University of Kerala, a Chancellor of the Central Agricultural University, Imphal and a member of the Planning Commission of India. An elected fellow of several science academies such as Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India, European Academy of Sciences and Arts and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), he was a recipient of a number of honors including Borlaug Award, FAO World Food Day Award and Om Prakash Bhasin Award. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1985, for his contributions to agricultural science.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salt tolerance of crops</span>

Salt tolerance of crops is the maximum salt level a crop tolerates without losing its productivity while it is affected negatively at higher levels. The salt level is often taken as the soil salinity or the salinity of the irrigation water.

Trilochan Mohapatra is an Indian biotechnologist, geneticist, former government secretary of the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE) and former director general of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Known for his studies in the fields of molecular genetics and genomics, Mohapatra is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences in 2003.

References

  1. "CSSRI - Definition by AcronymFinder". Acronymfinder.com. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Central Soil Salinity Research Institute — 1. Reclamation and Management of Salt Affected Soils — 2. Use of Poor Quality Waters in Agriculture" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  3. "Rice science for a better world". IRRI.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  4. "Council for Partnership on Rice Research in Asia". Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  5. "ACIAR Homepage". Aciar.gov.au\access-date=2015-05-09.
  6. "Sustainable and resilient farming systems intensification in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (SRFSI)". ACIAR.gov.au. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  7. "CIMMYT's Blog » Central Soil Salinity Research Institute". Blog.cimmyt.org. 27 March 2015. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  8. "'Technology answer to coastal Gujarat's problems' - The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 15 December 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  9. "APRA: Partner". Geoinf.uni-jena.de. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  10. 1 2 "Success Stories on Development, Spread and Impact of Salt -Tolerant Varieties of Rice, Wheat and Mustard in India" (PDF). Plantstress.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  11. "Central Soil Salinity Research Institute — Mandate". Archived from the original on 26 June 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  12. "About Institute". Cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  13. "Bharuch, RRS". Cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  14. "Canning Town, RRS". cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  15. "C.S.S.R.I., R.R.S., Canning Town". Archived from the original on 22 June 2007. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  16. "Lucknow, RRS". Cssri.org. 27 October 1999. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  17. "C.S.S.R.I., R.R.S., Lucknow". Wikimapia.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  18. "Awards". Cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  19. "TNAU and CSSRI to get 'ICAR Best Institution Award' - India Environment Portal | News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development | India, South Asia". India Environment Portal. 16 July 1999. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  20. "Citations : ICAR Award Ceremony 2010" (PDF). Icar.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  21. "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Haryana Plus". Tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  22. 1 2 "Awards". Cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  23. N. T. Singh (2005). Irrigation and Soil Salinity in the Indian subcontinent: Past and Present. Lehigh University Press. p. 365. ISBN   9780934223782.
  24. "Technical Bulletins". Cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  25. "Downloads - News Letter". Cssri.org. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  26. 1 2 "Popular Articles". Cssri.org. 8 January 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2015.