List of Wisconsin state parks

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Wisconsin Locator Map with US.PNG
Map of State Parks of Wisconsin
Hold cursor over locations to display park name;
click to go to park article.

A Wisconsin state park is an area of land in the U.S. state of Wisconsin preserved by the state for its natural, historic, or other resources. The state park system in Wisconsin includes both state parks and state recreation areas. Wisconsin currently has 66 state park units, covering more than 60,570 acres (245.1 km2) in state parks and state recreation areas. Each unit was created by an act of the Wisconsin Legislature and is maintained by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation. The Division of Forestry manages a further 471,329 acres (1,907.40 km2) in Wisconsin's state forests.

Contents

Several Wisconsin state parks contain resources that have been recognized on a national level. Chippewa Moraine State Recreation Area, Devil's Lake State Park, and Interstate State Park are units of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve, while the Wyalusing Hardwood Forest in Wyalusing State Park is a National Natural Landmark. Two Wisconsin state parks contain National Historic Landmarks, both of which are Native American archaeological sites: Aztalan and Copper Culture. 15 state parks contain a total of 23 separate listings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). These are the two previously mentioned National Historic Landmarks, plus Lake Farms Archaeological District at Capital Springs State Recreation Area, Copper Falls State Park, six individual buildings at Heritage Hill State Historical Park (Baird Law Office, Cotton House, Fort Howard Hospital, Fort Howard Officers' Quarters, Fort Howard Ward Building, and Tank Cottage), High Cliff Mounds at High Cliff State Park, the Seth Peterson Cottage in Mirror Lake State Park, the Raddatz Rockshelter at Natural Bridge State Park, Stonefield partially within Nelson Dewey State Park, Eagle Bluff Lighthouse in Peninsula State Park, the Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs in Roche-a-Cri State Park, the shot tower in Tower Hill State Park, Whitefish Dunes-Bay View Site in Whitefish Dunes State Park, Wyalusing State Park Mounds Archaeological District in Wyalusing State Park, and four listings in Rock Island State Park: the Pottawatomie Lighthouse, Rock Island Historic District, Thordarson Estate Historic District, and a water tower.

History

Wisconsin became the first state to have a state park in 1878 [1] when it formed "The State Park". The park consisted of 760 square miles (2,000 km2) in northern Wisconsin (most of present-day Vilas County). [2] The state owned 50,631 acres (205 km2), which was less than 10% of the total area. [2] There were few residents in the area. Lumber barons were powerful in the area, and they purchased 2/3 of the state's land at $8 per acre. [2] This defeated the purpose of the parks for it didn't save the land from the ax. [2]

In 1895, the state legislature created an act which authorized the state governor to examine some land in Polk County at the Dalles of the St. Croix River to become a state park. [2] In 1899, the legislature approved the purchase of Interstate State Park and it was established on September 20, 1900. [2] Architect John Nolen was hired in 1907 to draft a feasibility plan for a Wisconsin State Parks System and State Parks for Wisconsin was released later that year. [2] The report was the guideline used to set up the state park system. It recommended the creation of four state parks: Dells of the Wisconsin River, Devil's Lake, Door County's Fish Creek (now Peninsula State Park) and the confluence of the Mississippi and Wisconsin Rivers (now Wyalusing State Park). Three became state parks, and the fourth became Dells Natural Area in 2005. [2] A State Conservation Commission was formed in 1915 by combining the State Park Board, the State Board of Forestry, the Fisheries Commission, and the state Game Warden Department. [2]

List of Wisconsin state parks and recreation areas

Park NameCounty or CountiesSize [3] Year established [2] Water Body(s)Remarks
acresha
Amnicon Falls State Park Douglas 8283351961 Amnicon River Contains a series of waterfalls and a historic covered bridge. [4]
Aztalan State Park Jefferson 172701947 Crawfish River Interprets a partially reconstructed Mississippian culture village that flourished 1000–1300 CE. The site is a National Historic Landmark. [5]
Belmont Mound State Park Lafayette 1961NoneFeatures a 64-foot (20 m) observation tower atop a 400-foot (120 m) hill. Operated by the Belmont Lions Club.
Big Bay State Park Ashland 2,4189791963 Lake Superior Includes a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) beach on Madeline Island, largest of the Apostle Islands. [6]
Big Foot Beach State Park Walworth 2721101949 Geneva Lake Offers camping and fishing adjacent to a 100-foot (30 m) beach. [7]
Blue Mound State Park Dane 1,1534671959 Ryan Creek Contains observation towers atop the highest point in southern Wisconsin and the state park system's only swimming pool. [8]
Brunet Island State Park Chippewa 1,2254961936 Chippewa and Fisher Rivers Preserves a 179-acre (72 ha) island and backwater channels popular with canoeists. [9]
Buckhorn State Park Juneau 6,9902,8301971 Castle Rock Lake Protects a scenic peninsula on a reservoir formed at the confluence of the Wisconsin and Yellow Rivers. [10]
Cadiz Springs State Recreation Area Green 6442611970Beckman and Zander LakesOffers water recreation on two spring-fed reservoirs in the mostly lakeless Driftless Area. [11]
Campbellsport Drumlins State Park Fond du Lac 3,6001,5001971NoneA unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve. [12] :2 [13]
Capital Springs State Recreation Area Dane 3,0001,2002000 Lake Waubesa Encompasses park properties just south of Madison unified in the centennial year of the state park system. A Native American archaeological site is on the NRHP. [14]
Chippewa Moraine State Recreation Area Chippewa 3,2721,3241971Numerous kettle lakes Interprets varied glacial landforms. The park is a unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve. [15]
Copper Culture State Park Oconto 42171959 Oconto River Interprets a burial ground used by the Old Copper Culture from 3000 to 2000 BCE. [16] The site is a National Historic Landmark.
Copper Falls State Park Ashland 3,0681,2421929 Bad River Contains 7.5 miles (12.1 km) of the Bad River, including a 2-mile (3.2 km) gorge with several waterfalls. [17] The park is listed on the NRHP.
Council Grounds State Park Lincoln 5092061938 Wisconsin River Lies on a riverbank where Native Americans were said to have once held councils. [18]
Cross Plains State Park Dane 1,5006101971NoneA unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve. [19] Consists of land owned by Dane County, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the National Park Service, and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. [20]
Devil's Lake State Park Sauk 10,2004,1001911 Devil's Lake Protects a 360-acre (150 ha) endorheic lake in the Baraboo Range, hemmed in by moraines and 500-foot (150 m) quartzite bluffs. [21] The park is a unit of the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve.
Fischer Creek State Recreation Area Manitowoc 124501991 Lake Michigan Preserves a mile of shoreline flanking the mouth of Fischer Creek. Managed by the Manitowoc County Park System. [22]
Governor Dodge State Park Iowa 5,2702,1301948Two man-made lakesPreserves Driftless Area topography in memory of Henry Dodge, settler and first governor of the Wisconsin Territory. [23]
Governor Nelson State Park Dane 4221711975 Lake Mendota Contains a 500-foot (150 m) beach, restored prairie, and ancient Indian mounds. [24]
Governor Thompson State Park Marinette 2,6001,1002000 Peshtigo River, Woods LakeIn development around a series of lakes and streams. [25]
Grand Traverse Island State Park Door 5.052.041970 Lake Michigan Protects 5 acres (2.0 ha) of land on Detroit Island. [26] [27] There is currently a movement for this and surrounding lands to be established as a national lakeshore. [28]
Harrington Beach State Park Ozaukee 6372581966 Lake Michigan Features a mile-long beach, a white cedar swamp, and a 26-acre (11 ha) quarry lake. [29]
Hartman Creek State Park Waupaca and Portage 1,4175731962Hartman Creek, seven lakes
Heritage Hill State Historical Park Brown 48191973 Fox River Comprises an open-air museum of 25 historical structures and over 11,000 artifacts managed by a non-profit organization. Six of the buildings are on the NRHP. [30]
High Cliff State Park Calumet 1,1474641954 Lake Winnebago Straddles the cliff of the Niagara Escarpment on the northeast shore of Wisconsin's largest lake. [31] A group of effigy mounds is on the NRHP.
Hoffman Hills State Recreation Area Dunn 7072861980NoneFeatures trails and a 60-foot (18 m) observation tower among hills covered in forest, prairie, and wetlands. [32]
Holzhueter Farm Conservation Park Jefferson 175712009NoneUnder development. Managed by Jefferson County, owned by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources [33] [13]
Interstate State Park Polk 1,3305401900 St. Croix River, Lake O' the DallesPreserves a basalt river gorge jointly with an adjacent state park in Minnesota. The park is within the Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway and the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve and contains the western terminus of the Ice Age Trail. [34]
Kinnickinnic State Park Pierce 1,2395011972 St. Croix and Kinnickinnic Rivers Offers boat-in camping and overlooks at the sandy river delta at the mouth of the Kinnickinnic. [35]
Kohler-Andrae State Park Sheboygan 9884001928 Lake Michigan, Black River Preserves dunes, golden sand beaches, and pine woodland. [36]
Lake Kegonsa State Park Dane 3431391962 Lake Kegonsa Adjoins a 3,209-acre (1,299 ha) glacial lake in rural Dane County. [37]
Lake Wissota State Park Chippewa 1,0624301962 Lake Wissota Features forest, prairie, and a 285-foot (87 m) swimming beach on a reservoir of the Chippewa River (Wisconsin). [38]
Lakeshore State Park Milwaukee 228.91998 Lake Michigan Provides urban green space on Milwaukee's lakefront. [39]
Lizard Mound State Park Washington 228.92022NoneContains 28 effigy mounds in excellent states of preservation, walking trails and interpretive signage. Originally established as a State Park in 1950, it was taken over by Washington County in 1986. It was deeded back to the state in 2021 and redesignated a State Park in 2022.
Menominee River State Park and Recreation Area Marinette 6,5632,6562010 Menominee River Protects several miles of the Menominee River in conjunction with Michigan's Menominee River State Recreation Area. [40]
Merrick State Park Buffalo 3201301932 Mississippi River Offers fishing and boating on quiet backwaters of the Mississippi. [41]
Mill Bluff State Park Monroe and Juneau 1,3375411936Unnamed swimming pondContains unusual steep sandstone bluffs that formed as islands in Glacial Lake Wisconsin. [42]
Mirror Lake State Park Sauk 2,1798821962Mirror LakeSurrounds a reservoir whose wooded shores and 50-foot (15 m) cliffs often keep the water mirror-smooth. [43] The Seth Peterson Cottage designed by Frank Lloyd Wright is on the NRHP.
Natural Bridge State Park Sauk 5302101972NoneContains the largest natural arch in the state and an NRHP-listed rock shelter once used by Paleo-Indians. [44]
Nelson Dewey State Park Grant 7563061935 Mississippi River Encompasses a 500-foot (200 m) river bluff that was once part of the estate of Nelson Dewey, Wisconsin's first governor. [45] Stonefield estate is on the NRHP.
New Glarus Woods State Park Green 4311741934 Little Sugar River branchPreserves mature forest and restored prairie. [46]
Newport State Park Door 2,3739601964 Lake Michigan Comprises Wisconsin's only wilderness-designated park. [47]
Pattison State Park Douglas 1,4765971920 Black River Contains 165-foot (50 m) Big Manitou Falls, the highest waterfall in Wisconsin and the fourth-highest east of the Rocky Mountains. [48]
Peninsula State Park Door 3,7761,5281909 Green Bay Contains a golf course, summer theater, group camps, and lighthouse on nearly 7 miles (11 km) of shoreline on the Door Peninsula. [49] The 1868 Eagle Bluff Lighthouse is on the NRHP.
Perrot State Park Trempealeau 1,2705101918 Mississippi and Trempealeau Rivers Features 500-foot-high (200 m) bluffs bearing rare goat prairie communities on their southwestern faces. [50]
Potawatomi State Park Door 1,2254961928 Sturgeon Bay Protects steep-to-sheer shoreline on the Door Peninsula. [51]
Rib Mountain State Park Marathon 1,5286181927NoneStraddles 1,924-foot (586 m) Rib Mountain, one of the highest points in Wisconsin. [52]
Richard Bong State Recreation Area Kenosha 4,5151,8271963Several small lakesSupports recreational activities, including ATVs, falconry, hunting and sled dog training, and model aircraft on the site of the abortive R.I. Bong Air Force Base. [53]
Roche-a-Cri State Park Adams 6042441948Little Roche-a-Cri CreekContains a 300-foot (91 m) outcropping bearing the NRHP-listed Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs. [54]
Rock Island State Park Door 9123691965 Lake Michigan Encompasses most of vehicle-free Rock Island, accessed by two ferry rides at the tip of the Door Peninsula. Four listings are on the NRHP, including the 1836 Pottawatomie Lighthouse and inventor Chester Thordarson's 20th-century estate. [55]
Rocky Arbor State Park Juneau 225911932Unnamed creekPreserves sandstone outcroppings similar to the nearby Dells of the Wisconsin River along one of the river's former channels. [56]
Straight Lake State Park Polk 2,7801,1302002Straight LakeIn development around a lake surrounded by mature forest and glacial landforms. [57]
Tower Hill State Park Iowa 77311922 Wisconsin River Interprets a reconstructed shot tower where lead shot was manufactured 1832–1860. [58] The tower is on the NRHP.
Whitefish Dunes State Park Door 8633491967 Lake Michigan, Clark Lake Protects dunes that formed across the mouth of a bay. A district of eight habitation sites dating from 100 BCE to 1800 CE are on the NRHP. [59]
Wildcat Mountain State Park Vernon 3,6431,4741948 Kickapoo River Comprises a steep ridge overlooking the Kickapoo Valley. [60]
Willow River State Park St. Croix 2,8911,1701967 Willow River Contains a waterfall in a sandstone gorge and a 172-acre (70 ha) lake. [61]
Wyalusing State Park Grant 2,6281,0641917 Mississippi and Wisconsin Rivers Occupies a 500-foot-high (150 m) bluff overlooking the confluence of the Wisconsin and Mississippi Rivers. [62] The park's hardwood forest is a National Natural Landmark and a district of prehistoric mounds is on the NRHP.
Yellowstone Lake State Park Lafayette 9683921970Yellowstone LakeSurrounds a 455-acre (184 ha) reservoir built in the lake-poor Driftless Area. [63]

List of former Wisconsin state parks

Park nameCounty or countiesAreaYear
founded
Year
closed
Body of waterRemarks
acresha
Lost Dauphin State Park Brown 197.719471974 [64] [65] Fox River Surrounded the cabin site of Eleazar Williams, once rumored to be the Lost Dauphin. The state still owns the land (as of 2017), now known as Lost Dauphin Park.
Old Wade House State Park [66] Sheboygan 24097 [67] 1953 [68] 1992 [69] [70] Mullet River Now run by the Wisconsin Historical Society as the Wade House Historic Site

See also

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References

  1. Loohuis, Jackie (May 6, 2006). "Happy trails, old and new". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel . Retrieved November 4, 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Wisconsin State Parks through the Years". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 18, 2009. Retrieved November 4, 2008.
  3. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Parks and Recreation. "Wisconsin State Park System: 2006 Visitor Information Guide for State Parks, Forests, Recreation Areas & Trails."
  4. "Amnicon Falls State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  5. "Aztalan State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  6. "Big Bay State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  7. "Big Foot Beach State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  8. "Blue Mound State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  9. "Brunet Island State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  10. "Buckhorn State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  11. "Cadiz Springs State Recreation Area". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  12. Bewer, Tim (2003). Wisconsin's Outdoor Treasures: A Guide to 150 Natural Destinations. Big Earth Publishing. ISBN   1-931599-29-7.
  13. 1 2 "Hunting and Trapping in Wisconsin State Parks". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  14. "Capital Springs State Recreation Area". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  15. "Chippewa Moraine State Recreation Area". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  16. "Copper Culture State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  17. "Copper Falls State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  18. "Council Grounds State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  19. "Ice Age Complex at Cross Plains". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  20. "Ice Age Complex Master Plan" (PDF). Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  21. "Devil's Lake State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  22. "Fischer Creek State Recreation Area". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  23. "Governor Dodge State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  24. "Governor Nelson State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  25. "Governor Thompson State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  26. "Payment of State Aid to Municipalities for the payment year of 2005" (PDF). Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  27. Hunting & Trapping Map Grand Traverse Island State Park, Wisconsin DNR PUB PR-2090, Rev. 9/11/2014
  28. Grand Traverse Islands National Lakeshore Campaign, Friends of the Grand Traverse Islands, accessed February 27, 2016)
  29. "Harrington Beach State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  30. "Heritage Hill State Historical Park" . Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  31. "High Cliff State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  32. "Hoffman Hills State Recreation Area". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  33. "Public Input Invited for New Conservation Park". Jefferson County Living. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  34. "Interstate State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  35. "Kinnickinnic State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  36. "Kohler-Andrae State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  37. "Lake Kegonsa State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  38. "Lake Wissota State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  39. "Lakeshore State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
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  41. "Merrick State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
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