List of best-selling music artists

The following list of best-selling music artists includes those music acts from the 20th century to the present with claims of 75 million or more record sales worldwide. This information cannot be listed officially, as there is no organization that has recorded global music sales.

The tables are listed with each artist's claimed sales figure(s) and their total independently certified units and are ranked in descending order by claimed sales. If two or more artists have the same claimed sales, they are then ranked by certified units. The claimed sales figure and the total of certified units (for each country) within the provided sources include sales of albums, singles, compilation-albums, music videos as well as downloads of singles and full-length albums. Sales figures, such as those from SoundScan, which are sometimes published by Billboard magazine, have not been included in the certified units column.

Definitions

Gold/Platinum certifications issued after 2016, especially on singles, are in some cases more than 50% streaming generated. Some of the 20th century artists can also have significant amount of streaming based certifications. The certified units of the newer artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold and Platinum thresholds required for Digital Single Award certification. ^{[1] [2] [3]} For this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units. The over certified figures, however, are often in millions of units for RIAA certifications, one such example is Rihanna's single "We Found Love", which is certified at nine times Platinum by the RIAA, yet during the time of the certification, it had sold 5.4 million downloads. ^{[4] [5]}

The certified units for some artists/bands who have multi-disc albums can be higher than their listed claimed figures due to the RIAA counting each unit within set as one unit toward certification. The certified units also can be inflated by the redundancy of certifications, because each of tracks downloads and streams contributed to the certifications of both of the single and the respective album. The RIAA counts 10 downloads of individual track as well as 1,500 audio/video streams as an equivalent to one unit of album, including those from singles released prior to the album release. ^[6] Theoretically, if one song were streamed 1.5 billion times on YouTube, the single would receive Diamond and the whole album could be certified Platinum, ^[7] thus creating a combined total of 11 million certified units without any sales. Kanye West's album The Life of Pablo achieved Platinum without selling a single copy and was only available for streaming. ^[8]

Issued certifications for songs which have been recorded by multiple artists including featured artists are added to each artist's total amount of certified units, as all the artists would have played a significant part in a song. For example, "This Is What You Came For" and "Where Them Girls At" include Rihanna and Flo Rida, Nicki Minaj as featured artists respectively, so the certifications issued for these songs are added to the total amount of certified units for all involved artists. However, the certifications issued for songs that have been recorded by four or more artists are not included as the artists involved would have played minor roles, examples of such songs are Kanye West's "Monster" and/or "All Day". ^{[lower-alpha 1]}

Standards

• To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as Billboard .
• The figures of total certified units within the tables below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
• Markets' order within the tables is based on Retail Value: each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom. ^{[9] [10]}
• The column for certified sales includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.

Artists by reputed sales

250 million or more records

• 
  The Beatles
• 
  Michael Jackson
• 
  Elvis Presley
• 
  Elton John
• 
  Queen
• 
  Madonna
• 
  Led Zeppelin

Artist	Country	Period active	Release-year of first charted record	Genre	Total certified units (from available markets) [lower-alpha 2]	Claimed sales
The Beatles	United Kingdom	1960–1970 [11]	1962 [11]	Rock / pop [11]	294 million US: 217.250 million [12] JPN: 4.950 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 8 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 33.755 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 4.090 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 14.455 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 3.060 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 550,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 345,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 640,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.250 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] SWE: 485,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 610,000 [lower-alpha 2] [28] [29] [30] SWI: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 1.926 million [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] [34] BEL: 440,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 118,048 [lower-alpha 2] [39] NZ: 660,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41] POR: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42]	600 million [43] [44] 500 million [45] [46]
Michael Jackson	United States	1964–2009 [47]	1971 [47]	Pop / rock / dance / soul / R&B [47]	286 million US: 177.3 million [12] JPN: 4.650 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] GER: 14.125 million [14] UK: 42.68 million [15] FRA: 11.7 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 5.860 million [18] AUS: 7.720 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [50] [51] [52] BRA: 460,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 2.2 million [22] ITA: 1.580 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 2.315 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 1.330 million [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] NOR: 275,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [57] DEN: 2.889 million [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [30] SWI: 1.010 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57] MEX: 5.69 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 664,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] [34] BEL: 695,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 1.197 million [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 530,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 384,127 [39] NZ: 912,500 [40] [41] POR: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [57] [61] [62] [63]	500 million [45] 400 million [64]
Elvis Presley	United States	1953–1977 [65]	1956 [65]	Rock and roll / pop / country [65]	234.3 million US: 199.650 million [12] JPN: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 1.2 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 22.815 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.590 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 2.925 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 1.867 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [66] BRA: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 555,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [53] [54] SWE 380,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 130,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [67] [68] [69] SWI: 185,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 105,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 110,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] BEL: 115,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 205,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] FIN: 213,945 [lower-alpha 2] [39] NZ: 117,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41] POR: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [70] [57]	500 million [71]
Elton John	United Kingdom	1962–present [72]	1970 [72]	Pop / rock [72]	213.1 million US: 139.050 million [12] JPN: 1.1 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 8.1 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 38.605 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 5.158 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 6.095 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 4.697 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [73] BRA: 835,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 975,000 [22] ITA: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.380 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [54] [55] SWE: 980,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] NOR: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 870,000 [lower-alpha 2] [68] [59] [74] [30] SWI: 1.333 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 128,000 [32] [33] BEL: 870,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] [75] AUT: 915,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [57] POL: 445,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] [75] FIN: 163,481 [39] NZ: 420,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	300 million [76] [77] 250 million [78] [79]
Queen	United Kingdom	1971–present [80]	1973 [80]	Rock [80]	186.8 million US: 97.7 million [12] JPN: 3.8 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] [81] GER: 12.525 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 47.810 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 5.220 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 2.470 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 3.792 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 970,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 1.990 million [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 1.870 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.920 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] SWE: 190,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 1.170 million [30] SWI: 1.256 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 1.080 million [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 190,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 900,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 940,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 366,152 [39] NZ: 515,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41] POR: 222,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [82]	300 million [83] [84] 250 million [85]
Madonna	United States	1979–present [86]	1983 [86]	Pop / dance / electronica [86]	185.8 million US: 87.675 million [12] JPN: 6.450 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] GER: 12.650 million [14] [87] UK: 32.345 million [15] FRA: 13.005 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 6.030 million [18] AUS: 5.597 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [88] BRA: 3.790 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 1.745 million [22] ITA: 3.575 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] [75] [57] SPA: 3.165 million [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 1.070 million [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] NOR: 280,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [57] DEN: 882,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [89] [30] [90] [91] SWI: 1.280 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57] MEX: 550,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 2.102 million [32] [33] [92] BEL: 1.055 million [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] [75] AUT: 645,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [57] POL: 665,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 665,267 [39] NZ: 445,000 [40] [41] POR: 152,000 [lower-alpha 2] [70] [42] [57] [63]	300 million [93] [94] 250 million [95]
Led Zeppelin	United Kingdom	1968–1980 [96]	1969 [96]	Hard rock / blues rock / folk rock [96]	142.9 million US: 115.1 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 3.775 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 11.230 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.310 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [97] CAN: 4.710 million [18] AUS: 2.8 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [98] [99] BRA: 970,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] ITA: 535,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [54] [55] SWI: 211,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 360,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] POL: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38]	300 million [100] [101] 200 million [102] [103]
Rihanna	Barbados	2003–present [104]	2005 [104]	R&B / pop / dance / hip-hop [104]	367.6 million US: 261.550 million [12] JPN: 1.4 million [13] [48] GER: 12.425 million [14] UK: 60.1 million [15] FRA: 2.316 million [17] CAN: 5.520 million [18] AUS: 10.2 million [19] BRA: 1.975 million [21] ITA: 2.075 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.290 million [24] SWE: 2.6 million [26] [56] DEN: 2.796 million [58] [59] [30] [89] [74] [105] [106] [29] SWI: 860,000 [31] MEX: 860,000 [60] BEL: 800,000 [36] AUT: 165,000 [37] POL: 820,000 [38] IRE: 240,000 [107] NZ: 712,500 [40] [41] POR: 127,500 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [82]	250 million [108] [109] 230 million [110]
Pink Floyd	United Kingdom	1965–1996, 2005, 2012–2014 [111] [112]	1967 [111]	Progressive rock / psychedelic rock [111]	124.2 million US: 78 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [113] GER: 7.5 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 14.710 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 6.260 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 6.790 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 3.242 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 515,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 435,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 1.810 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 625,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [55] SWE: 220,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] NOR: 165,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [114] [57] DEN: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [30] SWI: 390,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] [115] ARG: 582,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 165,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 460,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 770,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 787,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41] POR: 194,500 [lower-alpha 2] [70] [42] [57] [63]	250 million [116] [117] 200 million [118]

200 million to 249 million records

• 
  Eminem
• 
  Mariah Carey
• 
  Whitney Houston
• 
  Taylor Swift
• 
  Beyoncé
• 
  Eagles
• 
  Celine Dion

Artist	Country	Period active	Release-year of first charted record	Genre	Total certified units (from available markets) [lower-alpha 2]	Claimed sales
Eminem	United States	1996–present [119]	1999 [119]	Hip-hop [119]	336.45 million US: 242.7 million [12] JPN: 2.9 million [13] [48] GER: 9.2 million [14] UK: 52.725 million [15] FRA: 3.665 million [17] [97] CAN: 4.570 million [18] AUS: 10.307 million [19] BRA: 300,000 [21] NLD: 250,000 [22] ITA: 1.350 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 290,000 [24] [55] SWE: 970,000 [26] [56] NOR: 345,000 [27] [114] DEN: 2.606 million [lower-alpha 2] [58] [30] SWI: 790,000 [31] MEX: 365,000 [60] BEL: 515,000 [36] AUT: 377,500 [37] POL: 310,000 [38] FIN: 130,351 [39] IRE: 270,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 712,500 [40] [41] POR: 105,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [82]	220 million [120]
Mariah Carey	United States	1988–present [121]	1990 [121]	R&B / pop / soul / hip-hop [121]	222.72 million US: 163.3 million [12] JPN: 14.5 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] [122] GER: 4.4 million [14] UK: 19.2 million [15] FRA: 4.690 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 4.24 million [18] AUS: 5.860 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [123] BRA: 875,000 [21] NLD: 1.425 million [22] ITA: 145,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.13 million [24] [25] [54] [55] SWE: 425,000 [26] NOR: 575,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [114] DEN: 555,000 [30] [124] SWI: 515,000 [31] BEL: 325,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 200,000 [37] POL: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 267,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	220 million [125]
Whitney Houston	United States	1977–2012 [126]	1984 [126]	R&B / soul / pop / gospel [126]	164.5 million US: 113.875 million [12] JPN: 4.3 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [127] GER: 6.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 21.945 million [15] FRA: 3.625 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 3.750 million [18] AUS: 2.315 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [128] BRA: 1.065 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 780,000 [22] ITA: 265,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.260 million [24] [25] [53] [54] SWE: 1.035 million [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 480,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [75] [57] DEN: 655,000 [59] [30] [129] SWI: 915,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] [129] ARG: 240,000 [32] BEL: 480,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] [75] AUT: 565,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 240,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 247,222 [39] NZ: 107,500 [40]	220 million [130]
Taylor Swift	United States	2006–present [131]	2006 [131]	Pop / country / rock / folk / alternative [132]	290.2 million US: 196 million [12] JPN: 3.3 million [13] [48] GER: 2.150 million [14] UK: 48.4 million [15] FRA: 649,000 [17] CAN: 7.631 million [18] AUS: 25.295 million [19] BRA: 670,000 [21] ITA: 455,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.2 million [24] SWE: 320,000 [56] NOR: 1.2 million [27] [114] DEN: 1.095 million [30] MEX: 640,000 [60] BEL: 320,000 [36] AUT: 152,000 [37] POL: 830,000 [38] NZ: 1.698 million [40] [41]	200 million [133] 170 million [134]
Beyoncé	United States	1997–present [135]	2002 [135] [136]	R&B / pop / hip-hop [135]	245.3 million US: 176.330 million [12] JPN: 1.7 million [13] [48] GER: 3.550 million [14] UK: 32.63 million [15] FRA: 1.734 million [17] [97] CAN: 7.615 million [18] AUS: 9.44 million [19] BRA: 6.305 million [21] NLD: 135,000 [22] ITA: 645,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.840 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [137] SWE: 435,000 [26] [56] NOR: 235,000 [27] [114] DEN: 1.120 million [59] [30] [89] [29] [138] [139] SWI: 220,000 [31] MEX: 280,000 [60] BEL: 220,000 [36] POL: 370,000 [38] NZ: 367,000 [40] [41]	200 million [140] 160 million [141]
Eagles	United States	1971–1980, 1994–present [142]	1972 [142]	Rock [142]	153.7 million US: 127.9 million [12] JPN: 600,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 925,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 11.585 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.040 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 4.2 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 4.025 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [143] NLD: 540,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 620,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] SWE: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 240,000 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [30] SWI: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] FIN: 124,749 [39] NZ: 367,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	200 million [144]
Celine Dion	Canada	1981–present [145]	1981 [145]	Pop / rock [145]	144.28 million US: 67.050 million [12] JPN: 7.150 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [146] [147] GER: 8.65 million [14] UK: 16.915 million [15] FRA: 15.968 million [16] [17] [49] [97] CAN: 12.485 million [18] AUS: 3.827 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 505,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 2.180 million [22] SPA: 1.030 million [54] [55] SWE: 1.105 million [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 860,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 800,000 [lower-alpha 2] [68] [148] [149] [30] SWI: 1.685 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 340,000 [32] BEL: 2.160 million [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 440,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 700,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 356,183 [39] NZ: 192,500 [40] [41]	200 million [150]
AC/DC	Australia	1973–present [151]	1975 [151]	Hard rock / blues rock / rock and roll [151]	131.7 million US: 87.2 million [12] GER: 11 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 10.565 million [15] FRA: 4.380 million [16] [17] CAN: 2.490 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 8.335 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] ITA: 1.060 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.825 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] DEN: 500,000 [59] [30] [152] SWI: 914,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 1.59 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 594,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [36] AUT: 395,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 115,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 321,169 [39] NZ: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	200 million [153]
The Rolling Stones	United Kingdom	1962–present [154]	1963 [154]	Rock / blues rock [154]	104 million US: 74.750 million [12] JPN: 950,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 3.8 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 12.930 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 3.380 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 3.025 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 697,500 [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 610,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 375,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 990,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 310,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [155] [152] SWI: 238,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 718,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 220,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 190,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	200 million [156] [157]

120 million to 199 million records

• 
  Drake
• 
  Garth Brooks
• 
  Kanye West
• 
  Billy Joel
• 
  Justin Bieber
• 
  Ed Sheeran
• 
  Bruno Mars

Artist	Country	Period active	Release-year of first charted record	Genre	Total certified units (from available markets) [lower-alpha 2]	Claimed sales
Drake	Canada	2001–present [158]	2009 [158]	Hip-hop / R&B / pop [158]	528.4 million US: 426.28 million [12] GER: 2.650 million [14] UK: 69.2 million [15] FRA: 3.949 million [17] CAN: 9.720 million [18] AUS: 5.715 million [19] BRA: 390,000 [21] ITA: 1.885 million [23] SPA: 520,000 [24] SWE: 1.310 million [26] [56] DEN: 2.960 million [30] MEX: 1.2 million [60] BEL: 315,000 [36] AUT: 127,500 [37] POL: 390,000 [38] NZ: 562,500 [40] POR: 350,000 [82]	170 million [159]
Garth Brooks	United States	1989–present [160]	1989 [160]	Country [160]	170.3 million US: 163.4 million [12] UK: 520,000 [15] CAN: 5.730 million [18] AUS: 595,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [161] IRE: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107]	170 million [162]
Kanye West	United States	1996–present [163]	2003 [163]	Hip-hop / electronic / pop [163]	287.3 million US: 243.550 million [12] JPN: 200,000 [13] GER: 1.750 million [14] UK: 34.460 million [15] FRA: 225,000 [17] CAN: 1.66 million [18] AUS: 3.220 million [19] ITA: 540,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SWE: 300,000 [56] DEN: 1.715 million [59] [30] [164] NZ: 177,500 [40] [41]	160 million [165]
Billy Joel	United States	1964–present [166]	1971 [166]	Pop / rock [166]	135.6 million US: 116.350 million [12] JPN: 2 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [167] GER: 1.250 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 9.415 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.025 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 3.275 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 1.687 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] AUT: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] NZ: 162,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	160 million [168]
Justin Bieber	Canada	2008–present [169]	2009 [169]	Pop / teen pop / dance-pop [169]	295.2 million US: 196 million [12] JPN: 950,000 [13] [48] GER: 6.2 million [14] UK: 39.645 million [15] FRA: 2.380 million [17] CAN: 9.380 million [18] AUS: 9.240 million [19] BRA: 1 million [21] ITA: 3.015 million [23] SPA: 1.4 million [24] SWE: 2.910 million [26] [56] NOR: 3.960 million [114] DEN: 5.545 million [30] SWI: 175,000 [31] MEX: 8.990 million [60] BEL: 810,000 [36] AUT: 327,500 [37] POL: 870,000 [38] NZ: 1.275 million [40] POR: 325,000 [82]	150 million [170]
Ed Sheeran	United Kingdom	2004–present [171]	2011 [171]	Pop / folk pop [171]	271.4 million US: 116.5 million [12] JPN: 350,000 [13] [48] GER: 13.350 million [14] UK: 88.020 million [15] FRA: 4.156 million [17] CAN: 12.640 million [18] AUS: 13.865 million [19] BRA: 720,000 [21] NLD: 370,000 [22] ITA: 4.855 million [23] SPA: 1.340 million [24] SWE: 1.680 million [56] NOR: 395,000 [114] DEN: 6.145 million [30] SWI: 675,000 [31] MEX: 270,000 [60] BEL: 860,000 [36] AUT: 865,000 [37] POL: 2.320 million [38] NZ: 1.785 million [40] POR: 330,000 [82]	150 million [172]
Bruno Mars	United States	2004–present [173]	2010 [173]	Pop rock / R&B [173]	206.3 million US: 148.5 million [12] JPN: 1.2 million [13] [48] GER: 3.8 million [14] UK: 28.260 million [15] FRA: 2.250 million [17] CAN: 7 million [18] AUS: 6.965 million [19] BRA: 520,000 [21] NLD: 105,000 [22] ITA: 1.160 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.260 million [24] SWE: 440,000 [26] [56] DEN: 1.525 million [lower-alpha 2] [30] [174] SWI: 415,000 [31] MEX: 1.230 million [60] BEL: 360,000 [36] AUT: 180,000 [37] POL: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 712,500 [40] PHL: 330,000 [175] POR: 115,000 [82]	150 million [176]
Britney Spears	United States	1998–present [177]	1998 [177]	Pop / dance / dance-pop [177]	151.4 million US: 103 million [12] JPN: 2.5 million [13] [127] GER: 7.7 million [14] UK: 16.925 million [15] FRA: 4.755 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 4.020 million [18] AUS: 3.245 million [19] BRA: 405,000 [21] NLD: 665,000 [22] ITA: 525,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.010 million [24] [54] [55] SWE: 1.010 million [26] [56] NOR: 205,000 [27] [114] DEN: 898,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [178] SWI: 495,000 [31] MEX: 1.405 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 452,000 [32] [33] BEL: 940,000 [35] [36] AUT: 380,000 [37] POL: 300,000 [38] FIN: 143,627 [39] NZ: 235,000 [40] [41] POR: 160,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [179] [180]	150 million [181]
Bruce Springsteen	United States	1972–present [182]	1973 [182]	Rock [182]	128.7 million US: 95.150 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 4.425 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 12.410 million [15] FRA: 2.037 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 3.2 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 3.537 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 740,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 740,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 2 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 810,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] NOR: 340,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [57] DEN: 620,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [30] [89] [183] SWI: 535,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57] MEX: 280,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] BEL: 230,000 [36] [75] AUT: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] FIN: 449,800 [39] IRE: 189,500 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 375,000 [40] [41]	150 million [184]
U2	Ireland	1976–present [185]	1980 [185]	Rock [185]	115.7 million US: 53.1 million [12] JPN: 1.450 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 5.8 million [14] UK: 22.945 million [15] FRA: 5.325 million [16] [17] CAN: 7.155 million [18] AUS: 4.622 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [186] BRA: 2.8 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 1.240 million [22] ITA: 1.080 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 2.715 million [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 515,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 838,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [30] [74] [152] SWI: 771,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57] MEX: 835,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 966,000 [32] [33] [187] BEL: 770,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 522,500 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 370,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 235,460 [39] IRE: 316,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 850,000 [40] [41] POR: 433,000 [lower-alpha 2] [70] [42] [82] [63] [188]	150 million [189]
Aerosmith	United States	1970–present [190]	1973 [190]	Hard rock [190]	105.4 million US: 87.250 million [12] JPN: 2.7 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] GER: 2 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 5.970 million [15] FRA: 225,000 [16] [17] [49] CAN: 3.950 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 365,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [191] BRA: 600,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 440,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [54] SWE: 260,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 195,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] SWI: 145,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 230,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 338,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] AUT: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 101,722 [39]	150 million [192]
Phil Collins	United Kingdom	1980–2011, 2015–present [193]	1981 [193]	Rock / progressive rock / adult contemporary [193]	101.3 million US: 46.350 million [12] JPN: 800,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 14.3 million [14] UK: 18.850 million [15] FRA: 6.410 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 3.875 million [18] AUS: 1.595 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 1.370 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 1.150 million [22] ITA: 425,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] [57] SPA: 2.150 million [24] [25] [54] [55] SWE: 245,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 390,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [194] SWI: 973,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 1.144 million [32] [33] BEL: 355,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 465,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] FIN: 182,581 [39] NZ: 140,000 [40] [41] POR: 208,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [195]	150 million [196]
Barbra Streisand	United States	1960–present [197]	1963 [197]	Pop / adult contemporary [197]	98.6 million US: 82.450 million [12] GER: 750,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 6.025 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 3.250 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 2.650 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 2.222 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] NLD: 710,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [55] SWE: 120,000 [26] [56] FIN: 186,501 [lower-alpha 2] [39] NZ: 142,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	150 million [198]
ABBA	Sweden	1972–1982, 2016–present [199]	1972 [199]	Pop / disco [199]	71.21 million US: 12.7 million [12] JPN: 1.5 million [lower-alpha 2] [48] [200] [201] GER: 11.350 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 25.665 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.850 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 2.785 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 5.662 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [202] BRA: 305,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 1.390 million [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.185 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [53] SWE: 1.020 million [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 1.090 million [lower-alpha 2] [30] [203] [204] [205] SWI: 600,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 260,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 238,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 470,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 197,500 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 230,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 656,319 [39] NZ: 297,500 [lower-alpha 2] [41] [206] [207]	150 million [208]
Julio Iglesias	Spain	1968–present [209]	1968 [209]	Latin [209]	51.7 million US: 11 million [12] JPN: 800,000 [lower-alpha 2] [210] GER: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 1.620 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] [210] FRA: 6.1 million [16] [17] [49] [210] CAN: 1.5 million [18] AUS: 505,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [210] BRA: 12.475 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] [210] NLD: 1.2 million [lower-alpha 2] [22] [210] ITA: 435,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] [210] SPA: 8.8 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] [210] SWE: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [210] MEX: 2.975 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] [210] ARG: 3.220 million [lower-alpha 2] [32] [210] [34] BEL: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [210] [36] FIN: 131,636 [lower-alpha 2] [39] POR: 288,000 [lower-alpha 2] [70] [42] [57] [210] [211]	150 million [212]
Frank Sinatra	United States	1935–1971, 1973-1995 [213]	1940 [213]	Pop / swing / easy listening [213]	41.8 million US: 28.2 million [12] GER: 1 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 9.285 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 600,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] CAN: 650,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 315,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [214] BRA: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] ITA: 600,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] [75] SPA: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [54] [55] SWE: 130,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] ARG: 188,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33]	150 million [215]
Katy Perry	United States	2001–present [216]	2008 [216]	Pop [216]	179.1 million US: 130.9 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [13] [48] GER: 4.150 million [14] UK: 22.3 million [15] FRA: 867,000 [17] CAN: 6.360 million [18] AUS: 6.840 million [19] BRA: 685,000 [21] ITA: 930,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 180,000 [24] SWE: 600,000 [26] [56] NOR: 2.450 million [114] DEN: 600,000 [58] [30] SWI: 160,000 [31] MEX: 1.080 million [60] BEL: 135,000 [36] AUT: 247,500 [37] NZ: 360,000 [40] [41]	143 million [217]
Chris Brown	United States	2005–present [218]	2005 [218]	R&B / hip-hop / pop [218]	221.4 million US: 177.850 million [12] JPN: 500,000 [48] GER: 2.950 million [14] UK: 25.420 million [15] FRA: 450,000 [17] CAN: 2.390 million [18] AUS: 6.825 million [19] BRA: 770,000 [21] ITA: 325,000 [23] SPA: 420,000 [24] SWE: 370,000 [56] NOR: 315,000 [114] DEN: 1.185 million [30] SWI: 140,000 [31] MEX: 850,000 [60] POL: 180,000 [38] NZ: 527,500 [40] [41]	217 million [219]
Jay-Z	United States	1996–present [220]	1996 [220]	Hip-hop [220]	167 million US: 136.7 million [12] JPN: 1.050 million [48] GER: 2.3 million [14] UK: 20.580 million [15] FRA: 650,000 [17] CAN: 2.450 million [18] AUS: 1.890 million [19] BRA: 110,000 [21] ITA: 335,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 410,000 [24] SWE: 210,000 [26] [56] DEN: 275,000 [58] [30] BEL: 100,000 [36]	125 million [221]
Metallica	United States	1981–present [222]	1983 [222]	Heavy metal / thrash metal [222]	107.2 million US: 73.3 million [12] JPN: 900,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 10.025 million [14] UK: 7.135 million [15] FRA: 940,000 [16] [17] CAN: 3.885 million [18] AUS: 3.407 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [223] BRA: 380,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 460,000 [22] ITA: 265,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 420,000 [24] [54] [55] SWE: 675,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 320,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [114] DEN: 500,000 [30] [59] SWI: 560,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 430,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 874,000 [32] [33] BEL: 385,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 340,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 1.195 million [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 530,676 [39] NZ: 335,000 [40] [41]	125 million [224]
Lady Gaga	United States	2005–present [225]	2008 [225]	Pop / dance / electronic [225]	166.05 million US: 107 million [12] JPN: 5.4 million [13] [48] GER: 5.7 million [14] UK: 24.785 million [15] FRA: 3.603 million [17] CAN: 3.680 million [18] AUS: 4.545 million [19] BRA: 470,000 [21] NLD: 130,000 [22] ITA: 1.715 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.460 million [24] SWE: 680,000 [26] [56] NOR: 2.470 million [27] [114] DEN: 1.135 million [59] [30] [29] SWI: 555,000 [31] MEX: 420,000 [60] BEL: 505,000 [36] AUT: 227,500 [37] POL: 755,000 [38] IRE: 165,000 [107] NZ: 472,500 [40] [41] POR: 120,000 [42] [82]	124 million [226]
Lil Wayne	United States	1996–present [227]	1999 [227]	Hip-hop [227]	200.1 million US: 189 million [12] GER: 300,000 [14] UK: 9 million [15] FRA: 100,000 [17] CAN: 360,000 [18] AUS: 1.2 million [19] DEN: 190,000 [30]	120 million [228]
Maroon 5	United States	1994–present [229]	2002 [229]	Pop rock / funk rock / dance-pop [229]	147 million US: 100.5 million [12] JPN: 2.250 million [13] [48] GER: 3.150 million [14] UK: 19.3 million [15] FRA: 1.625 million [17] CAN: 5.965 million [18] AUS: 4.305 million [19] BRA: 1.050 million [21] ITA: 1.365 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] SWE: 850,000 [26] [56] DEN: 1.237 million [lower-alpha 2] [30] [59] [58] MEX: 4.055 million [60] SWI: 100,000 [31] BEL: 185,000 [36] POL: 240,000 [38] NZ: 450,000 [40]	120 million [230]
Adele	United Kingdom	2006–present [231]	2008 [231]	Pop / soul [231]	145.1 million US: 69 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [13] GER: 5 million [14] UK: 39.850 million [15] FRA: 738,333 [17] CAN: 9.060 million [18] AUS: 4.675 million [19] BRA: 4.87 million [21] NLD: 380,000 [22] ITA: 1.845 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 860,000 [24] SWE: 510,000 [26] [56] NOR: 835,000 [27] [114] DEN: 1.712 million [58] [30] MEX: 2.370 million [60] SWI: 600,000 [31] BEL: 835,000 [36] POL: 340,000 [38] FIN: 151,639 [39] NZ: 727,500 [40] POR: 110,000 [42] [82]	120 million [232]
Red Hot Chili Peppers	United States	1983–present [233]	1987 [233]	Funk rock / alternative rock [233]	100.8 million US: 66.250 million [12] JPN: 2.6 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] GER: 3.450 million [14] UK: 16.095 million [15] FRA: 1.520 million [17] CAN: 2.020 million [18] AUS: 2.625 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [234] BRA: 1 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 660,000 [22] ITA: 785,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 640,000 [24] [54] [55] SWE: 390,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 720,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [89] [30] SWI: 405,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] BEL: 195,000 [lower-alpha 2] [36] ARG: 406,000 [32] [33] AUT: 247,500 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 270,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 171,951 [39] NZ: 285,000 [40] [41]	120 million [235]
Fleetwood Mac	United Kingdom United States	1967–present [236]	1968 [236]	Rock / pop [236]	100.7 million US: 57.250 million [12] GER: 3.5 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 30.925 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 800,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 2.950 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 3.327 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 590,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [54] [55] SWI: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] DEN: 370,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] BEL: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [36] NZ: 752,500 [lower-alpha 2] [41] [237] [238]	120 million [239]
Bon Jovi	United States	1983–present [240]	1983 [240]	Hard rock / glam metal [240]	90.7 million US: 49.9 million [12] JPN: 4.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] GER: 5.650 million [14] UK: 14.190 million [15] FRA: 825,000 [16] [17] [49] CAN: 4.735 million [18] AUS: 3.835 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [241] [242] BRA: 435,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 710,000 [22] ITA: 215,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.620 million [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 365,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] DEN: 185,000 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [30] SWI: 1.275 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 358,000 [32] [33] BEL: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 725,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 422,500 [39] NZ: 210,000 [40] [41]	120 million [243]
Rod Stewart	United Kingdom	1964–present [244]	1969 [244]	Rock / pop [244]	84.9 million US: 46.650 million [12] JPN: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 4.050 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 20.790 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.8 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 4.055 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 3.660 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 980,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] SWE: 440,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [245] [246] SWI: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 524,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] AUT: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [75] [57] POL: 220,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] IRE: 195,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 285,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	120 million [247]
Bee Gees	United Kingdom Australia [248] [249]	1963–2003 2009–2012 [250]	1963 [250]	Pop / disco [250]	75.3 million US: 42.5 million [12] JPN: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] [251] [252] GER: 7.175 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 13.125 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 3.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 4.215 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 1.987 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] ITA: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] NLD: 540,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [53] [55] SWI: 415,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 188,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] AUT: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 380,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	120 million [253]

100 million to 119 million records

• 
  Nicki Minaj
• 
  Coldplay
• 
  George Strait
• 
  Linkin Park
• 
  Pink
• 
  Shania Twain
• 
  B'z

Artist	Country	Period active	Release-year of first charted record	Genre	Total certified units (from available markets) [lower-alpha 2]	Claimed sales
Nicki Minaj	Trinidad and Tobago	2008–present [254]	2010 [254]	Hip-hop / pop [254]	174.9 million US: 128.960 million [12] JPN: 550,000 [48] GER: 2.450 million [14] UK: 23.8 million [15] FRA: 1.099 million [17] CAN: 2.960 million [18] AUS: 4.235 million [19] BRA: 470,000 [21] ITA: 775,000 [23] SPA: 610,000 [24] SWE: 420,000 [26] [56] NOR: 595,000 [114] DEN: 430,000 [30] SWI: 180,000 [31] MEX: 6.96 million [60] POL: 185,000 [38] NZ: 247,500 [40]	100 million [255]
Coldplay	United Kingdom	1997–present [256]	1999 [256]	Alternative rock / pop rock / pop [256]	151.7 million US: 61.6 million [12] JPN: 750,000 [13] [48] GER: 8.550 million [14] UK: 42.105 million [15] FRA: 3.778 million [17] KOR: 2.500 million [257] CAN: 3.930 million [18] AUS: 8.555 million [19] BRA: 1.610 million [21] [258] NLD: 410,000 [22] ITA: 4.245 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 2.970 million [24] SWE: 390,000 [26] [56] NOR: 260,000 [27] [114] DEN: 2.654 million [58] [30] SWI: 580,000 [31] MEX: 2.740 million [60] [259] ARG: 528,000 [32] [33] BEL: 680,000 [36] AUT: 257,500 [37] POL: 550,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] IRE: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 582,500 [40] POR: 1.109 million [lower-alpha 2] [42] [82] [260]	100 million [261]
George Strait	United States	1981–present [262]	1984 [262]	Country [262]	108.8 million US: 108.150 million [12] CAN: 745,000 [18]	100 million [263]
Linkin Park	United States	1996–present [264]	2000 [264]	Alternative rock / nu metal / rap rock [264]	112.6 million US: 79.6 million [12] JPN: 1.550 million [13] [48] GER: 8 million [14] UK: 14.885 million [15] FRA: 1.075 million [17] CAN: 1.330 million [18] AUS: 1.485 million [19] BRA: 670,000 [21] ITA: 1.045 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 200,000 [24] SWE: 165,000 [26] [56] DEN: 530,000 [58] [30] SWI: 435,000 [31] MEX: 225,000 [60] ARG: 108,000 [32] [33] BEL: 140,000 [36] AUT: 260,000 [37] POL: 245,000 [38] FIN: 120,469 [39] NZ: 260,000 [40] [41] POR: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [82] [260]	100 million [265]
Pink	United States	1995–present [266]	2000 [266]	Pop / pop rock / R&B [266]	92.9 million US: 35.725 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [13] GER: 6.325 million [14] UK: 24.685 million [15] FRA: 1.448 million [17] [49] CAN: 7.210 million [18] AUS: 10.570 million [19] BRA: 1.530 million [21] NLD: 215,000 [22] ITA: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SWE: 710,000 [26] NOR: 215,000 [27] [114] DEN: 516,500 [58] [30] SWI: 675,000 [31] MEX: 750,000 [60] BEL: 275,000 [36] AUT: 447,500 [37] POL: 220,000 [38] FIN: 130,442 [39] NZ: 532,500 [40] [41]	100 million [267]
Shania Twain	Canada	1993–present [268]	1993 [268]	Country pop [268]	87.4 million US: 60.9 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [13] [48] GER: 1.750 million [14] UK: 10.355 million [15] FRA: 975,000 [17] [49] CAN: 6.880 million [18] AUS: 2.850 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 475,000 [21] NLD: 540,000 [22] SPA: 130,000 [55] SWE: 330,000 [26] NOR: 430,000 [27] DEN: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [30] SWI: 310,000 [31] MEX: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 120,000 [32] BEL: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 115,000 [37] NZ: 402,500 [40] [41]	100 million [269]
B'z	Japan	1988–present [270]	1988 [270]	Rock / pop rock / hard rock [270]	86.2 million JPN: 86.250 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] [122]	100 million [271]
Guns N' Roses	United States	1985–present [272]	1987 [272]	Hard rock / heavy metal [272]	81.3 million US: 48.5 million [12] JPN: 1.7 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 4.1 million [14] UK: 10.550 million [15] FRA: 1 million [17] CAN: 3.520 million [18] AUS: 3.190 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [143] BRA: 1.9 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 705,000 [22] ITA: 750,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 450,000 [24] [25] [53] SWE: 485,000 [26] NOR: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 530,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [273] SWI: 365,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 760,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 1.248 million [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 165,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 365,000 [37] POL: 160,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] IRE: 105,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] FIN: 267,540 [39] NZ: 270,000 [40] [41]	100 million [274]
Backstreet Boys	United States	1993–present [275]	1995 [275]	Pop [275]	79.9 million US: 44.5 million [12] JPN: 5.4 million [13] [48] [276] GER: 7 million [14] UK: 6.875 million [15] FRA: 325,000 [16] [17] CAN: 3.630 million [18] AUS: 2.485 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 1.625 million [21] NLD: 830,000 [22] SPA: 1.970 million [54] [55] SWE: 655,000 [26] NOR: 140,000 [27] DEN: 465,000 [lower-alpha 2] [277] [278] [30] SWI: 415,000 [31] MEX: 1.475 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 740,000 [32] BEL: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 325,000 [37] POL: 300,000 [38] FIN: 171,390 [39] NZ: 132,500 [40]	100 million [279]
Eric Clapton	United Kingdom	1962–present [280]	1970 [280]	Rock / blues [280]	71.6 million US: 47.7 million [12] JPN: 3.950 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 3.030 million [14] UK: 7.790 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.475 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 2.275 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 1.115 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 715,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 745,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 760,000 [lower-alpha 2] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 320,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] DEN: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [281] [30] SWI: 385,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 420,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [36] AUT: 285,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 145,000 [38] FIN: 129,679 [lower-alpha 2] [39] NZ: 102,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	100 million [282]
Neil Diamond	United States	1966–present [283]	1966 [283]	Pop / rock [283]	71.3 million US: 55.9 million [12] GER: 1 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 9.670 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] CAN: 1.725 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 2.190 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [284] NLD: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [53] NZ: 132,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	100 million [285]
Prince	United States	1976–2016 [286]	1978 [286]	Funk / R&B / pop / soul / rock [286]	67.6 million US: 48.950 million [12] JPN: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 2.4 million [14] UK: 9.545 million [15] FRA: 2.110 million [16] [17] CAN: 1 million [18] AUS: 1.120 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 670,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 700,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 100,000 [26] DEN: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] SWI: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57] AUT: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [57] NZ: 182,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	100 million [287]
Paul McCartney	United Kingdom	1960–present [288]	1970 [288]	Rock [288]	67.3 million US: 44.450 million [12] JPN: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 1.925 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 15.125 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.405 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 1.955 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 745,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] SPA: 640,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [53] SWE: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [56] [289] DEN: 405,000 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [30]	100 million [290]
Janet Jackson	United States	1982–present [291]	1982 [291]	R&B / pop [291]	65.3 million US: 52.250 million [12] JPN: 1.6 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 1.4 million [14] UK: 4.960 million [15] FRA: 1.475 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 1.460 million [18] AUS: 1.190 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 400,000 [22] SPA: 150,000 [54] [55] SWE: 105,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] SWI: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] BEL: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35]	100 million [292]
Journey	United States	1973–present [293]	1975 [293]	Rock / soft rock [293]	65.2 million US: 60.7 million [12] JPN: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] [294] UK: 3 million [15] CAN: 725,000 [18] AUS: 560,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19]	100 million [295]
Kenny Rogers	United States	1958–2020 [296]	1975 [296]	Country / pop [296]	64.7 million US: 55.550 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [297] UK: 3.920 million [15] CAN: 4.740 million [18] AUS: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] SPA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [53] NZ: 130,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	100 million [298]
Santana	United States	1966–present [299]	1969 [299]	Rock [299]	62.8 million US: 47.475 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 2.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 3.480 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 3.510 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 1.660 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 855,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 375,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 540,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [54] [55] SWE: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] SWI: 375,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 405,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 158,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 190,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 145,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 205,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	100 million [300]
Simon & Garfunkel	United States	1956–2004 [301]	1964 [301]	Folk rock [301]	62.1 million US: 42.6 million [12] JPN: 700,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 2.325 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 9.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 3.9 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] CAN: 1.425 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 390,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SWE: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] SWI: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] AUT: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] FIN: 163,350 [lower-alpha 2] [39]	100 million [302]
George Michael	United Kingdom	1981–2016 [303]	1984 [303]	Pop [303]	54.5 million US: 20.8 million [12] JPN: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 2.4 million [14] UK: 18.810 million [15] FRA: 3.217 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 1.870 million [18] AUS: 2.205 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 390,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 1.190 million [22] ITA: 115,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 850,000 [24] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 310,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 160,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] [57] DEN: 520,000 [58] [30] [89] [304] SWI: 335,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 118,000 [32] [33] BEL: 315,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 340,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 140,000 [40] [41]	100 million [305]
Dire Straits	United Kingdom	1977–1995 [306]	1978 [306]	Rock [306]	53.6 million US: 15.5 million [12] GER: 3.750 million [14] UK: 15.325 million [15] FRA: 7.305 million [16] [17] CAN: 2.575 million [18] AUS: 2.190 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 900,000 [22] ITA: 1.135 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] [57] SPA: 1.380 million [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] SWE: 360,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 495,000 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [58] [30] SWI: 1 million [lower-alpha 2] [31] BEL: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] [75] AUT: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [57] FIN: 471,530 [39] NZ: 155,000 [lower-alpha 2] [41]	100 million [307]
The Doors	United States	1965–1973 [308]	1967 [308]	Psychedelic rock [308]	50.7 million US: 38.6 million [12] GER: 1.750 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 3.040 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.2 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 2.780 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 1.267 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 100,000 [21] ITA: 280,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [53] [55] SWI: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] AUT: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [75]	100 million [309]
Foreigner	United States United Kingdom	1976–present [310]	1977 [310]	Rock / hard rock [310]	50.4 million US: 45.1 million [12] GER: 1.5 million [14] UK: 2.3 million [15] FRA: 400,000 [16] [17] CAN: 700,000 [18] AUS: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] NLD: 150,000 [22] SWI: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31]	100 million [311]
Chicago	United States	1967–present [312]	1969 [312]	Rock / pop [312]	48.5 million US: 44.150 million [12] JPN: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] [313] GER: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 1.490 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] CAN: 1.865 million [18] AUS: 105,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] NLD: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 130,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25]	100 million [314]
Bob Dylan	United States	1959–present [315]	1963 [315]	Folk / rock [315]	48.6 million US: 35.6 million [12] GER: 625,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 8.630 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 800,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 1.5 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 690,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] ITA: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] NOR: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] SWI: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] NZ: 105,000 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	100 million [316]
The Carpenters	United States	1969–1983 [317]	1969 [317]	Pop [317]	46.7 million US: 34.6 million [12] JPN: 3.050 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [147] [318] GER: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 8.450 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] CAN: 275,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21]	100 million [319]
Meat Loaf	United States	1968–2022 [320]	1977 [320]	Rock / hard rock [320]	46.6 million US: 25.6 million [12] GER: 2.350 million [14] UK: 11.665 million [15] CAN: 3.380 million [18] AUS: 2.662 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 425,000 [22] SWE: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] SWI: 115,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] AUT: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] NZ: 302,500 [40]	100 million [321]
Earth, Wind & Fire	United States	1969–present [322]	1971 [322]	Funk / R&B / soul [322]	44.7 million US: 37.7 million [12] JPN: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] [323] [324] UK: 4.585 million [15] FRA: 500,000 [16] [17] CAN: 360,000 [18] AUS: 420,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] NLD: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] DEN: 180,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] MEX: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60]	100 million [325]
Cher	United States	1964–present [326]	1965 [326]	Pop / rock / dance / folk [326]	44.2 million US: 21.9 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 4.175 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 9.290 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.525 million [lower-alpha 2] [17] [49] CAN: 1.380 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 1.530 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [327] BRA: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 375,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] [328] [329] ITA: 325,000 [lower-alpha 2] [330] [23] SPA: 660,000 [lower-alpha 2] [54] [55] [330] SWE: 850,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] [56] NOR: 115,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 550,000 [lower-alpha 2] [330] [30] SWI: 295,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 106,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] BEL: 275,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] AUT: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 150,000 [40] [331]	100 million [332]
David Bowie	United Kingdom	1962–2016 [333]	1967 [333]	Art rock / glam rock / pop [333]	43.6 million US: 15.7 million [12] JPN: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 525,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 20.095 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.430 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 2.315 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 845,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [73] NLD: 465,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 570,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] DEN: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] NZ: 142,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40]	100 million [334]
Def Leppard	United Kingdom	1977–present [335]	1979 [335]	Hard rock / heavy metal [335]	42.6 million US: 36.150 million [12] JPN: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] UK: 2.120 million [15] FRA: 200,000 [16] CAN: 2.995 million [18] AUS: 407,500 [20] [336] SWE: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] SWI: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60]	100 million [337]
Stevie Wonder	United States	1961–present [338]	1962 [338]	Funk / R&B / soul [338]	40.8 million US: 21.650 million [12] JPN: 1.050 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 750,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 13.545 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [49] CAN: 1.550 million [18] NLD: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 430,000 [lower-alpha 2] [53] DEN: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30]	100 million [339]
Genesis	United Kingdom	1967–1999 2006–present [340]	1969 [340]	Progressive rock / pop rock [340]	40.3 million US: 21.650 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 5.875 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 7.565 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 3.260 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 805,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] NLD: 300,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] SWE: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] SWI: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57]	100 million [341]
Gloria Estefan	United States	1975–present [342]	1984 [342]	Latin pop / dance pop [342]	38.1 million US: 25.9 million [12] JPN: 600,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 250,000 [14] UK: 4.560 million [15] FRA: 325,000 [17] CAN: 940,000 [18] AUS: 455,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [343] NLD: 625,000 [22] SPA: 3.240 million [24] [53] [25] [54] SWI: 110,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 825,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 380,000 [32]	100 million [344]
Tina Turner	United States	1958–2009 [345]	1960 [346]	Rock / pop [346]	37.7 million US: 12.7 million [12] GER: 6.5 million [14] UK: 11.435 million [15] FRA: 1.135 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 1.6 million [18] AUS: 480,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] NLD: 565,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 790,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [25] [53] [54] SWE: 330,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 185,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] SWI: 675,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] BEL: 190,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 745,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] [75] POL: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] FIN: 241,954 [39]	100 million [347]
James Taylor	United States	1968–present [348]	1970 [348]	Rock / pop [348]	36.5 million US: 35.250 million [12] UK: 1.055 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] CAN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19]	100 million [349]
Olivia Newton-John	Australia	1966–2022 [350]	1966 [350]	Pop [350]	36.1 million US: 27 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 3.950 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1 million [49] CAN: 3.025 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] [351] NLD: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22]	100 million [352]
Linda Ronstadt	United States	1967–2011 [353]	1968 [353]	Rock / folk / country [353]	33.2 million US: 31.5 million [12] UK: 435,000 [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] CAN: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 665,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19]	100 million [354]
The Beach Boys	United States	1961–present [355]	1962 [355]	Rock / pop / surf rock [355]	32.7 million US: 25.6 million [12] GER: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 5.610 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] CAN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 492,500 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] SPA: 250,000 [lower-alpha 2] [53] [54]	100 million [356]
Donna Summer	United States	1968–2012 [357]	1974 [357]	Pop / disco / R&B [357]	31.7 million US: 24.5 million [12] UK: 4.455 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 900,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 1.550 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] SPA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [54]	100 million [358]

80 million to 99 million records

• 
  Shakira
• 
  Alicia Keys
• 
  Christina Aguilera
• 
  Lionel Richie
• 
  Johnny Cash
• 
  Justin Timberlake
• 
  Ariana Grande

Artist	Country	Period active	Release-year of first charted record	Genre	Total certified units (from available markets) [lower-alpha 2]	Claimed sales
Shakira	Colombia	1988–present [359]	1995 [359]	Latin pop / pop / pop rock [359]	91.8 million US: 39.140 million [12] GER: 6.200 million [14] UK: 8.200 million [15] FRA: 4.775 million [17] CAN: 4.090 million [18] AUS: 1.640 million [19] BRA: 5.485 million [21] NLD: 380,000 [22] ITA: 1.755 million [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 5.720 million [24] [54] SWE: 730,000 [26] [56] NOR: 225,000 [27] [114] DEN: 360,000 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [30] [89] [58] SWI: 875,000 [31] MEX: 9.645 million [60] ARG: 736,000 [32] BEL: 490,000 [36] AUT: 385,000 [37] POL: 395,000 [38] FIN: 123,950 [39] POR: 304,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [260]	95 million [360]
Alicia Keys	United States	1996–present [361]	2001 [361]	Hip-hop / R&B / pop [361]	97.1 million US: 76.050 million [12] JPN: 1.050 million [13] [48] GER: 2.500 million [14] UK: 9.920 million [15] FRA: 1.127 million [17] CAN: 1.6 million [18] AUS: 2.170 million [19] NLD: 460,000 [22] ITA: 310,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 500,000 [24] SWE: 200,000 [26] [56] DEN: 277,500 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [58] SWI: 275,000 [31] MEX: 300,000 [60] BEL: 185,000 [36] AUT: 130,000 [37] POL: 100,000 [38]	90 million [362]
Christina Aguilera	United States	1993–present [363]	1998 [363]	R&B / pop / rock [363]	79.1 million US: 54.2 million [12] JPN: 600,000 [13] [48] GER: 2.425 million [14] UK: 11.970 million [15] FRA: 575,000 [17] CAN: 3.020 million [18] AUS: 2.620 million [19] BRA: 100,000 [21] NLD: 170,000 [22] ITA: 215,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 590,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [55] SWE: 500,000 [26] [56] DEN: 445,500 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [30] [89] SWI: 225,000 [31] MEX: 885,000 [60] ARG: 100,000 [32] BEL: 260,000 [36] AUT: 140,000 [37] NZ: 195,000 [40]	90 million [364]
Tim McGraw	United States	1990–present [365]	1994 [365]	Country [365]	82.3 million US: 80.650 million [12] UK: 200,000 [15] CAN: 1.535 million [18]	90 million [366]
Lionel Richie	United States	1968–present [367]	1981 [367]	Pop / R&B [367]	43.8 million US: 28.650 million [12] GER: 1.050 million [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 9.555 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 1.4 million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 2.380 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 260,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [368] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 605,000 [22] SPA: 150,000 [25] [53] SWI: 170,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] [57] BEL: 100,000 [75]	90 million [369]
Johnny Cash	United States	1954–2003 [370]	1956 [370]	Country / rock and roll / gospel [370]	32.2 million US: 25.7 million [12] GER: 550,000 [lower-alpha 2] [14] UK: 5.010 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] CAN: 490,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 522,500 [lower-alpha 2] [19]	90 million [371]
Justin Timberlake	United States	1992–present [372]	2002 [372]	Pop / R&B / neo soul [372]	88.95 million US: 50.32 million [12] JPN: 200,000 [13] [48] GER: 4.500 million [14] UK: 20.070 million [15] FRA: 778,000 [17] [49] CAN: 3.360 million [18] AUS: 2.915 million [19] BRA: 2,635,000 [21] NLD: 185,000 [22] ITA: 570,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 250,000 [55] SWE: 560,000 [26] DEN: 1.125 million [58] [30] SWI: 250,000 [31] MEX: 710,000 [60] BEL: 325,000 [36] POL: 240,000 [38] NZ: 227,500 [40]	88 million [373]
Ariana Grande	United States	2008–present [374]	2013 [374]	Pop / R&B [374]	171.8 million US: 112.5 million [12] JPN: 1.3 million [13] [48] GER: 2.9 million [14] UK: 28.8 million [15] FRA: 2.074 million [17] CAN: 7.320 million [18] AUS: 4.695 million [19] BRA: 1.560 million [21] NLD: 140,000 [22] ITA: 1.375 million [23] SPA: 410,000 [55] SWE: 710,000 [26] NOR: 3.180 million [114] DEN: 1.475 million [30] SWI: 460,000 [31] MEX: 810,000 [60] BEL: 270,000 [36] AUT: 120,000 [37] POL: 1.010 million [38] NZ: 502,500 [40] POR: 185,000 [82]	85 million [375]
R.E.M.	United States	1980–2011 [376]	1983 [376]	Alternative rock [376]	45.3 million US: 21.650 million [12] GER: 4.275 million [14] UK: 10.460 million [15] FRA: 1.450 million [16] [17] CAN: 2.650 million [18] AUS: 1.030 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 100,000 [22] ITA: 255,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 1.1 million [24] [25] [54] [55] SWE: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 290,000 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [30] SWI: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 158,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] IRE: 127,500 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 105,000 [40]	85 million [377]
Post Malone	United States	2013–present [378]	2015 [378]	Pop / R&B / hip-hop [378]	225.7 million US: 170.5 million [12] GER: 2.4 million [14] UK: 23.76 million [15] FRA: 1.533 million [17] CAN: 13.440 million [18] AUS: 6.545 million [19] BRA: 1.2 million [21] ITA: 810,000 [23] SWE: 900,000 [26] NOR: 420,000 [114] DEN: 2.290 million [58] [30] MEX: 330,000 [60] BEL: 235,000 [36] POL: 290,000 [38] NZ: 840,000 [40] POR: 295,000 [82]	80 million [379]
Flo Rida	United States	2007–present [380]	2007 [380]	Hip-hop / hip house /EDM [380]	89.8 million US: 61.5 million [12] JPN: 650,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] [48] GER: 4.1 million [14] UK: 13.760 million [15] FRA: 225,000 [17] CAN: 3.090 million [18] AUS: 3.605 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] ITA: 515,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 140,000 [55] SWE: 780,000 [26] DEN: 420,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] SWI: 420,000 [31] MEX: 330,000 [60] AUT: 210,000 [37] POL: 100,000 [38] NZ: 247,500 [40] [41]	80 million [381]
Usher	United States	1991–present [382]	1994 [382]	R&B / pop [382]	157.4 million US: 133.415 million [12] JPN: 750,000 [13] [48] GER: 1.6 million [14] UK: 14.125 million [15] FRA: 210,000 [17] CAN: 1.850 million [18] AUS: 4.222 million [19] ITA: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SWE: 105,000 [26] [56] DEN: 382,500 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [59] SWI: 170,000 [31] BEL: 120,000 [36] MEX: 210,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] NZ: 150,000 [40]	80 million [383]
The Black Eyed Peas	United States	1995–present [384]	1998 [384]	Hip-hop / R&B / dance [384]	71.1 million US: 35.430 million [12] JPN: 1.250 million [13] [48] GER: 3.3 million [14] UK: 14.6 million [15] FRA: 3.516 million [17] CAN: 3.1 million [18] AUS: 3.882 million [19] BRA: 475,000 [21] NLD: 160,000 [22] ITA: 825,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 690,000 [24] SWE: 350,000 [26] [56] DEN: 226,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [89] [29] [58] SWI: 540,000 [31] MEX: 1.440 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] BEL: 560,000 [36] AUT: 100,000 [37] POL: 110,000 [38] IRE: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 340,000 [40] [41] POR: 104,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [82]	80 million [385]
Van Halen	United States	1978–2020 [386]	1978 [386]	Hard rock / heavy metal [386]	65.2 million US: 57.8 million [12] JPN: 1.3 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] [127] GER: 1.5 million [14] UK: 1.180 million [15] FRA: 400,000 [16] CAN: 2.450 million [18] AUS: 175,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 200,000 [22]	80 million [387]
Ayumi Hamasaki	Japan	1998–present [388]	1998 [388]	J-pop / pop / dance / electronic [388]	64.5 million JPN: 64.5 million [13] [48] [122]	80 million [389] [390]
Tom Petty	United States	1976–2017 [391]	1977 [391]	Rock [391]	36 million US: 31.750 million [12] GER: 500,000 [14] UK: 1.860 million [15] CAN: 1.7 million [18] SWE: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26]	80 million [392]
Johnny Hallyday	France	1957–2017 [393]	1960 [393]	Rock / pop [393]	28.9 million FRA: 28.170 million million [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] [49] [97] [394] SWI: 268,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] BEL: 540,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36]	80 million [395]

75 million to 79 million records

• 
  The Weeknd
• 
  Imagine Dragons
• 
  Luke Bryan
• 
  Green Day
• 
  Alabama
• 
  Nirvana

Artist	Country	Period active	Release-year of first charted record	Genre	Total certified units (from available markets) [lower-alpha 2]	Claimed sales
The Weeknd	Canada	2010–present [396]	2013 [396]	Pop / R&B [396]	234.3 million US: 163.860 million [12] GER: 4.9 million [14] UK: 33.960 million [15] FRA: 3.383 million [17] CAN: 9.880 million [18] AUS: 5.530 million [19] BRA: 320,000 [21] ITA: 1.860 million [23] SPA: 960,000 [24] SWE: 2.180 million [56] NOR: 940,000 [114] DEN: 3.175 million [30] MEX: 1.070 million [60] BEL: 590,000 [36] AUT: 120,000 [37] POL: 820,000 [38] NZ: 457,500 [40] POR: 305,000 [82]	75 million [397]
Imagine Dragons	United States	2008–present [398]	2012 [398]	Pop rock / electropop / pop [398]	153.4 million US: 112.5 million [12] GER: 5.450 million [14] UK: 15.6 million [15] FRA: 3.666 million [17] CAN: 4.640 million [18] AUS: 3.150 million [19] BRA: 750,000 [21] ITA: 2.375 million [23] SPA: 240,000 [24] SWE: 1.180 million [56] NOR: 555,000 [114] DEN: 690,000 [30] MEX: 510,000 [60] BEL: 340,000 [36] AUT: 572,500 [37] POL: 790,000 [38] NZ: 270,000 [40] POR: 140,000 [82]	75 million [399]
Luke Bryan	United States	2001–present [400]	2007 [382]	Country / country pop [382]	94.5 million US: 92.5 million [12] CAN: 2.040 million [18]	75 million [401]
Tupac Shakur	United States	1991–1996 [402]	1991 [402]	Hip-hop [402]	64.1 million US: 52.7 million [12] GER: 1.150 million [14] UK: 8.195 million [15] FRA: 100,000 [17] CAN: 820,000 [18] AUS: 430,000 [19] [403] ITA: 150,000 [23] NLD: 200,000 [22] DEN: 355,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30]	75 million [404]
Green Day	United States	1987–present [405]	1994 [384]	Punk rock / pop punk / alternative rock [405]	59.2 million US: 33.6 million [12] JPN: 2.3 million [13] [48] GER: 2 million [14] UK: 13.510 million [15] FRA: 500,000 [17] [16] CAN: 2.420 million [18] AUS: 1.8 million [19] BRA: 480,000 [21] ITA: 585,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 250,000 [24] [25] [54] SWE: 160,000 [26] DEN: 414,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] [89] [59] [90] SWI: 135,000 [31] MEX: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 246,000 [32] [406] BEL: 115,000 [36] AUT: 195,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] IRE: 270,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 130,000 [40] [41]	75 million [407]
Alabama	United States	1972–present [408]	1980 [408]	Country/pop rock [408]	58 million US: 56.8 million [12] CAN: 1.2 million [18]	75 million [409]
Nirvana	United States	1987–1994 [410]	1990 [410]	Grunge / alternative rock [410]	57.6 million US: 30.2 million [12] JPN: 1.3 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 1.5 million [14] UK: 10.670 million [15] FRA: 2.6 million [16] [17] CAN: 3.690 million [18] AUS: 2.202 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [223] [411] [284] [412] BRA: 725,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 250,000 [22] ITA: 460,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 450,000 [24] [25] [54] SWE: 380,000 [26] NOR: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 345,000 [lower-alpha 2] [30] SWI: 190,000 [31] MEX: 475,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 522,000 [32] [33] BEL: 675,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 230,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 430,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 215,000 [40] [41]	75 million [413]
R. Kelly	United States	1989–2019 [414]	1991 [415]	R&B / soul / hip-hop [415]	57 million US: 46.9 million [12] GER: 1.4 million [14] UK: 6.720 million [15] FRA: 825,000 [17] CAN: 300,000 [18] AUS: 140,000 [19] NLD: 365,000 [22] SWI: 100,000 [31] BEL: 275,000 [35] [36]	75 million [416]
Robbie Williams	United Kingdom	1990–present [417]	1996 [417]	Pop rock [417]	56.4 million US: 500,000 [12] GER: 10.575 million [14] UK: 30.270 million [15] FRA: 2.695 million [17] [49] CAN: 250,000 [18] AUS: 2.905 million [19] NLD: 1.205 million [22] ITA: 470,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 560,000 [lower-alpha 2] [24] [55] SWE: 445,000 [26] [56] DEN: 811,500 [lower-alpha 2] [58] [59] [30] [89] [74] SWI: 1.018 million [31] MEX: 1.595 million [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 462,000 [32] [33] BEL: 600,000 [35] [36] AUT: 947,500 [37] POL: 140,000 [38] FIN: 235,743 [39] IRE: 135,000 [lower-alpha 2] [107] NZ: 445,000 [40] POR: 280,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [260]	75 million [418]
Bob Seger	United States	1961–present [419]	1967 [419]	Rock / Hard rock/ Pop rock [419]	55.3 million US: 52.5 million [12] UK: 260,000 [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 2.6 million [16] [17] CAN: 2.560 million [lower-alpha 2] [18]	75 million [420]
Kenny G	United States	1982–present [421]	1984 [421]	Smooth jazz [421]	53.9 million US: 49.6 million [12] JPN: 700,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] UK: 360,000 [15] CAN: 950,000 [18] AUS: 525,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] BRA: 1.350 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] SPA: 450,000 [25] [54]	75 million [422]
Enya	Ireland	1982–present [423]	1987 [423]	New-age / Celtic [423]	51.9 million US: 26.5 million [12] JPN: 4.6 million [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 4.3 million [14] UK: 6.010 million [15] FRA: 775,000 [16] [17] CAN: 1.540 million [18] AUS: 1.680 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [20] BRA: 1.650 million [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 730,000 [22] SPA: 1.760 million [24] [54] SWE: 390,000 [26] DEN: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [28] [424] [425] [152] SWI: 370,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 390,000 [32] BEL: 510,000 [lower-alpha 2] [36] AUT: 185,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [38] NZ: 135,000 [40]	75 million [426]
Bryan Adams	Canada	1979–present [427]	1979 [427]	Rock [427]	50.7 million US: 22 million [12] JPN: 650,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 4.450 million [14] UK: 11.515 million [15] FRA: 650,000 [16] [17] [49] CAN: 5.120 million [18] AUS: 2.080 million [lower-alpha 2] [19] [428] BRA: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 500,000 [22] SPA: 450,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [54] [55] SWE: 440,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] NOR: 185,000 [lower-alpha 2] [27] DEN: 380,000 [lower-alpha 2] [59] [30] SWI: 805,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] BEL: 375,000 [lower-alpha 2] [35] [36] AUT: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] POL: 110,000 [lower-alpha 2] [75] FIN: 183,444 [39] POR: 286,000 [lower-alpha 2] [42] [188]	75 million [429]
Bob Marley	Jamaica	1962–1981 [430]	1975 [430]	Reggae [430]	47.3 million US: 21.850 million [12] JPN: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 1.750 million [14] UK: 14.640 million [15] FRA: 4.735 million [17] CAN: 600,000 [18] AUS: 490,000 [431] [432] NLD: 420,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22] ITA: 410,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 500,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [53] [54] [55] SWE: 120,000 [lower-alpha 2] [26] DEN: 160,000 [58] [30] SWI: 303,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] ARG: 376,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 225,000 [36] AUT: 125,000 [lower-alpha 2] [37] NZ: 432,500 [lower-alpha 2] [40] [41]	75 million [433]
The Police	United Kingdom	1977–1986 2007–2008 [434]	1978 [434]	Pop / rock [434]	42.2 million US: 23.650 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [13] GER: 1.775 million [14] UK: 10.260 million [15] FRA: 3.340 million [16] [17] [49] CAN: 875,000 [18] AUS: 527,500 [lower-alpha 2] [19] [435] [436] BRA: 140,000 [lower-alpha 2] [21] NLD: 350,000 [22] ITA: 205,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23] SPA: 350,000 [lower-alpha 2] [25] [53] [55] SWI: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [31] MEX: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [60] ARG: 228,000 [lower-alpha 2] [32] [33] BEL: 115,000 [lower-alpha 2] [36] NZ: 105,000 [40]	75 million [437]
Barry Manilow	United States	1973–present [438]	1973 [438]	Pop / soft rock [438]	36.7 million US: 33.3 million [12] UK: 3.225 million [15] CAN: 400,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18]	75 million [439]
Kiss	United States	1972–present [440]	1974 [440]	Hard rock / heavy metal [440]	28.7 million US: 26 million [12] JPN: 100,000 [lower-alpha 2] [48] UK: 800,000 [15] CAN: 1.495 million [lower-alpha 2] [18] AUS: 130,000 [lower-alpha 2] [19] NLD: 200,000 [lower-alpha 2] [22]	75 million [441]
Aretha Franklin	United States	1956–2018 [442]	1961 [442]	Soul / jazz / blues / R&B [442]	27 million US: 23.5 million [12] UK: 3.040 million [lower-alpha 2] [15] FRA: 275,000 [lower-alpha 2] [16] [17] CAN: 150,000 [lower-alpha 2] [18] ITA: 110,000 [lower-alpha 2] [23]	75 million [443]

See also

• Record production portal

• List of best-selling albums
  • List of best-selling albums by country
• List of best-selling singles
  • List of best-selling singles by country
• Best-selling artists by nationality
  • List of best-selling Belgian music artists
  • List of biggest-selling British music artists
  • List of estimated best-selling Italian music artists
  • List of best-selling Swedish music artists
• Best-selling artists by territory
  • List of best-selling music artists in Finland
  • List of highest-certified music artists in Germany
  • List of best-selling music artists in Japan
  • List of best-selling female music artists in the United Kingdom
  • List of highest-certified music artists in the United States
• Best-selling artists by genre
  • List of best-selling Latin music artists
  • List of best-selling boy groups
  • List of best-selling girl groups
  • List of best-selling female rappers
• IFPI Global Recording Artist of the Year

Notes

1. Below you can get an understanding as to when certifications for songs are added to the total certified sales of the listed artists.
   • One lead artist and one featured artist. (The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of both, the lead artist and the featured artist as both will have almost equal amount of part).
   • Two lead artists.(The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of both lead artists as both will have almost equal amount of part).
   • Two lead artists and one featured artist. (The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of both lead artists as well as the featured artist. Both lead artists will play a significant part in a song and the part of the featured artist also should be significant enough).
   • One lead artist and two featured artists. (The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of the lead artist and to the total of both featured artists as almost all should have equal amount of part).
2. Certification systems have been established periodically throughout the past half century; thus, certification databases are not able to cover all sales. Some (or all) records released and sold prior to a certification system's establishment year may not be found within the available searchable certification databases. Year of establishment (from largest market to smallest based on Retail Value each market generates respectively): ^{[lower-alpha 3] [lower-alpha 4]}
   • United States: 1958 ^{[lower-alpha 5]}
   • Japan: 1989 ^{[lower-alpha 6]}
   • Germany: 1975 ^{[lower-alpha 7]}
   • United Kingdom: 1973 ^{[lower-alpha 8]}
   • France: 1973 ^{[lower-alpha 9]}
   • Canada: 1975 ^{[lower-alpha 10]}
   • Australia: 1997 ^{[lower-alpha 11]} (online certification-database has begun since 1997. Certifications; however, existed in Australia since the 1970s)
   • Brazil: 1990 ^{[lower-alpha 12]}
   • Netherlands: 1978 ^{[lower-alpha 13]}
   • Italy: 2009 ^{[lower-alpha 14]} (online certification-database covers certifications issued since 2009. Certifications; however, have existed in Italy since the 1980s) ^{[lower-alpha 15]}
   • Spain: 1979 ^{[lower-alpha 16]}
   • Sweden: 1987 ^{[lower-alpha 17]}
   • Norway: 1993 ^{[lower-alpha 18]}
   • Denmark: 2001 ^{[lower-alpha 19]} (online certifications for Denmark start from 2001. Certifications; however, existed in Denmark since the early 1990s ^{[lower-alpha 20]} )
   • Switzerland: 1989 ^{[lower-alpha 21]}
   • Mexico: 1999 ^{[lower-alpha 22]}
   • Argentina: 1980 ^{[lower-alpha 23]}
   • Belgium: 1995 ^{[lower-alpha 24]}
   • Austria: 1990 ^{[lower-alpha 25]}
   • Poland: 1995 ^{[lower-alpha 26]}
   • Finland: 1971 ^{[lower-alpha 27]}
   • Ireland: 2005 ^{[lower-alpha 28]}
   • New Zealand: July 1978 ^{[lower-alpha 29]}
   • Portugal: ^{[lower-alpha 30]} (online certification-database covers certifications issued since 2004. Certifications; however, have existed in Portugal since the 1980s) ^{[lower-alpha 15]}
   Certified sales might sometimes be larger than actual sales, if stores order more albums than they are able to sell, due to certifications generally being determined by shipments and not actual sales. Often, however, actual sales are larger than certified sales, since record labels must pay a fee to obtain certifications. Record companies often apply for certifications only when a record reaches a multiple-certification level, meaning certifications might not be visible in the databases for more than a short period of time after an album reached a certification level. ^{[lower-alpha 31] [lower-alpha 32]} As global music sales declined in the 2000s mostly due to CD burning and downloading from unauthorized sites, certification bodies opted to reduce their certification levels. ^{[lower-alpha 33]} See the changes in Certification-award-levels in the following markets:
   • United States ^{[lower-alpha 34]} (Note, U.S. certification-award-levels for singles before 1989 were: 1,000,000 for Gold and 2,000,000 for Platinum. ^{[lower-alpha 35]} Also, U.S. certification-awards for Shortform albums before September 1996 were: 250,000 for Gold and 500,000 for Platinum ^{[lower-alpha 36]} )
   • Japan ^{[lower-alpha 37] [lower-alpha 38]}
   • Germany ^{[lower-alpha 39]} (Note, German certification-award-levels for singles before 1988 were: 500,000 for Gold and 1,000,000 for Platinum. ^{[lower-alpha 40] [lower-alpha 41] [lower-alpha 42] [lower-alpha 43] [lower-alpha 15]} )
   • United Kingdom ^{[lower-alpha 44]}
   • France ^{[lower-alpha 45] [lower-alpha 9] [lower-alpha 46] [lower-alpha 47]}
   • Canada ^{[lower-alpha 48]} (Canadian certification-award-levels for singles before February 1982 were: 75,000 for Gold and 150,000 for Platinum ^{[lower-alpha 49]} )
   • Brazil ^{[lower-alpha 50] [lower-alpha 51] [lower-alpha 52]}
   • Netherlands ^{[lower-alpha 53]}
   • Italy ^{[lower-alpha 14] [lower-alpha 54] [lower-alpha 55]}
   • Spain ^{[lower-alpha 56] [lower-alpha 57]}
   • Sweden ^{[lower-alpha 58]}
   • Norway ^{[lower-alpha 59] [lower-alpha 60] [lower-alpha 61] [lower-alpha 62] [lower-alpha 63]}
   • Denmark ^{[lower-alpha 20] [lower-alpha 64] [lower-alpha 65] [lower-alpha 66]}
   • Switzerland ^{[lower-alpha 21]}
   • Mexico ^{[lower-alpha 67] [lower-alpha 68]}
   • Argentina ^{[lower-alpha 23]}
   • Belgium ^{[lower-alpha 69] [lower-alpha 70]}
   • Austria: ^{[lower-alpha 69] [lower-alpha 71] [lower-alpha 72]}
   • Poland ^{[lower-alpha 73] [lower-alpha 74]}
   • Finland ^{[lower-alpha 27]}
   • New Zealand: (NZ certification-levels for singles before 1989 were: 10,000 for Gold, 20,000 for Platinum) ^{[lower-alpha 75]} (NZ certification-levels for singles before June 2007 were: 5,000 for Gold, 10,000 for Platinum) ^{[lower-alpha 76]} (The levels for singles were adjusted again on June 17, 2016 from previous 7,500 for Gold, 15,000 for Platinum, to 15,000 for Gold, 30,000 for Platinum) ^{[lower-alpha 77]}
   • Portugal: ^{[lower-alpha 78]}

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