List of largest music deals

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Clockwise from top left: Janet Jackson, Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston and Madonna. Four of the artists who have had the largest recording contracts up to one point. Jackson-Madonna-Houston.jpg
Clockwise from top left: Janet Jackson, Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston and Madonna. Four of the artists who have had the largest recording contracts up to one point.

The following is a list of the largest music deals in history signed by artists, including recording contracts and multi-rights agreements with over $50 million, as well catalog acquisitions with a reported sum of over $150 million. [lower-alpha 2] Some figures might not be entirely accurate, as some multi-million-dollar contracts were reportedly misrepresented or exaggerated, [1] [2] [3] and many were just media estimations. Therefore, no rankings are given.

Contents

An early recorded five-figure deal in music history was reported by The Music Trades magazine in the late 1910s, made by American composer John Stepan Zamecnik. [4] The 1960s saw contracts with six-figures such as an advance deal for $143,000 to Led Zeppelin (Atlantic Records) in 1968, then the biggest deal of its kind for a new band. [5] The 1970s saw a rise in millionaire recording contracts, starting with a deal made by The Rolling Stones in 1971, which represented "a new benchmark in industry contracts", according to Billboard , and became the largest contract ever made by that point. [6] In a short span of years, Neil Diamond signed a $4–5 million deal with Columbia Records, which was later superseded by Paul McCartney's Capitol Records and Elton John's MCA Records deals of $8 million each, as well as Stevie Wonder's 1975 deal with Motown valued at $13 million, [lower-alpha 3] reaching a new peak in the industry. [8] [9] The 1980s saw more contracts of eight figures, including record-breaking Diana Ross's $20 million contract with RCA Records in 1980, [10] or the Rolling Stones with CBS Records for $28 million in 1983. [11] An increase of blockbuster deals began in the 1990s, with top-signing artists such as Janet Jackson, Michael Jackson, Madonna and Prince each exceeding the $40–60 million marks, [12] [13] making multiple appearances in the Guinness World Records . [14] Up until 2016, only a few recording and multi-rights contracts outpaced the $100 million mark. [15] The largest music deals belong to catalog acquisitions which include songwriting and publishing rights, with an increase in the late 2010s and early 2020s. [16] [17] The Estate of Michael Jackson made the largest posthumous deals, followed by David Bowie.

Multi-million-sized music deals have often raised skepticism and been criticized in corporate terms for bi-directional disadvantages, [18] [19] [15] [20] [21] [22] including Prince's 1992 contract with Warner Bros deriving a contractual dispute. [18] Referred by a contributor from Forbes to as "the best-known and most-cited example" among misadventured contracts, [15] Mariah Carey's 2001 deal with Virgin Records marked "the first time that a major music corporation decided to cut its losses on a superstar agreement", according to The New York Times . [23]

List of largest recording contracts and multi-right deals

YearArtistMusic companyApprox dealNotesRef.
2008 Jay-Z Live Nation $150 million [24]
2002 Robbie Williams EMI Records $125 millionLabeled as the largest British record deal in history. [25]
2007 Madonna Live Nation $120 millionLabeled as the largest contract deal in history by a female artist. [26] [22] [27]
1995 Michael Jackson Sony Music $100 Million [28]
2001 Whitney Houston Arista Records $100 millionConsidered the largest contract in music at that point. [29]
2001 Mariah Carey Virgin Records $100–80 millionConsidered the largest contract in music at that point. [23] [21] [29]
2008 Shakira Live Nation $100–70 million [30] [31]
1996 R.E.M. Warner Records $80 millionConsidered the largest contract made by a band and in music industry at that time. [32] [12]
1996 Janet Jackson Virgin Records $80–70 millionConsidered the largest contract in music at that point. [33] [12]
2008 Nickelback Live Nation $70–50 million [34]
1991 Michael Jackson Sony Music $65–60–50 million [lower-alpha 4] Considered the largest contract in music at that point. [12] [39] [13] [40]
1991 Paul McCartney Capitol Records $65 million [14]
1992 Madonna Warner Records $60 millionConsidered the largest contract in music for a female pop entertainer at that time. [12] [13] [41]
1992 Barbra Streisand Columbia Records $60–40 million [12] [14]
1995 Metallica Elektra Records $60 million [12]
1999 Backstreet Boys Jive Records $60 million [42]
2022 NBA YoungBoy Atlantic Records $60 million [43]
1998 U2 PolyGram $50 million [44]
1991 Janet Jackson Virgin Records $50–40–32 millionConsidered the largest contract in music at that point. [45] [46] [47]

Media estimations/expectatives

The following are contracts confirmed artists signed with respective record labels, but sums are largely based on media speculations.

YearArtistMusic companyApprox dealNotesRef.
2022 Drake Universal Music Group $400 million [48]
1993 U2 Island Records $200 million [2]
2012 Lil Wayne Cash Money Records $150 million [49]
2016 Adele Columbia Records $130 millionOriginally reported by British tabloid The Sun , but reported by others as an undisclosed amount. [15] [50] [51]
1992 Prince Warner Bros $100 millionUndisclosed price. [2] [18]
2016 Harry Styles Columbia Records $80 millionSum not confirmed. [52]

List of largest music catalog acquisitions

YearArtistPurchaser companyApprox dealNotesRef.
2021 Bruce Springsteen Sony Music $550–500 millionConsidered the biggest transaction ever struck for a single artist's body of work. [53] [54]
2020 Bob Dylan Universal Music Group $400–300 millionUndisclosed price. It is a songwriting catalog agreement. [55] [56]
2022 Phil Collins
Genesis 		Concord Music Group $300 million [56]
2021 Sting Universal Music Publishing Group $300 million [56]
2021 Paul Simon Sony Music Publishing $250 million [57]
2023 Katy Perry Litmus Music$225 million [58]
2023 Justin Bieber Hipgnosis Songs Fund $200 million [57]
2021 Neil Young Hipgnosis Songs Fund $150 million [56]
2022 Bob Dylan Sony Music $150 millionCatalog agreement. [56]

Posthumous

YearArtistPurchaser companyApprox dealRef.
2016 Michael Jackson (Estate) Sony Music Publishing $750 million [59]
2018 Michael Jackson (Estate) Sony $287 million [60]
2017 Michael Jackson (Estate) Sony $250 million [61]
2010 Michael Jackson (Estate) Sony $250 million [62]
2022 David Bowie Warner Chappell Music $250 million [56]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Due to high undisclosed reports as well varying estimated figures in certain cases, claims are taken by media
  2. ↑ The list excludes sponsorship deals, broadcasting rights, assets, or other business ventures made by recording artists with enterprises outside of the industry
  3. ↑ Also reported for an amount of $37 million. [7]
  4. ↑ Michael Jackson's 1991 deal with Sony largely vary by estimations. Established figures ranged from $50 million to 60 million and even $65 million. Originally, the deal was even also estimated at $1 billion by early media speculations. [35] [36] [37] [38]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">EMI</span> British music recording and publishing company

EMI Group Limited was a British transnational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London. At the time of its acquisition by Universal Music in 2012, it was the fourth largest business group and record label conglomerate in the music industry, and was one of the "Big Five" record companies. Its labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records, and Capitol Records, which are now referenced under Universal Music due to their acquisition with the exception of Parlophone, as it is now owned by Warner Music.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Madonna</span> American singer and songwriter (born 1958)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Universal Music Group</span> Dutch–American music corporation

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Warner Music Group</span> American multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sony Music Publishing</span> American music publishing company

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Death of Michael Jackson</span> 2009 death of American singer

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kemosabe Records</span> American record label

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