Millen, Georgia | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 32°48′N81°57′W / 32.800°N 81.950°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Georgia |
County | Jenkins (since 1905) [1] |
Settled | 1835 [1] |
Incorporated | 1881 [1] |
Named for | McPherson B. Millen |
Area | |
• Total | 3.60 sq mi (9.33 km2) |
• Land | 3.58 sq mi (9.27 km2) |
• Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.06 km2) |
Elevation | 167 ft (51 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 2,966 |
• Density | 828.72/sq mi (319.97/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
ZIP code | 30442 |
Area code | 478 |
FIPS code | 13-51520 [3] |
GNIS feature ID | 0356393 [4] |
Millen is a city, and the county seat of Jenkins County, Georgia, United States. The population was 3,120 at the 2010 census, [5] down from 3,492 at the 2000 census.
The city is intersected by U.S. Route 25 and State Route 17. [6]
Millen was first settled in 1835 along the border of what was then Burke and Screven counties. It was originally named "79" due to its approximate distance in miles from the coastal city of Savannah. [1] Planters cultivated cotton as a commodity crop.
In 1854, the Central of Georgia Railway and the Georgia Railroad connected at 79. The town became known as "Millen's Junction" after McPherson B. Millen, the superintendent of the Central of Georgia Railway. [1]
During the Civil War, a site for a prisoner-of-war camp to house Union soldiers was chosen about five miles from Millen's Junction. [7] Camp Lawton included a hospital, fort and officer housing and had about 8,600 prisoners confined there on 14 November 1864, according to a detailed camp map made by a former prisoner. [7] It was built in what is today Magnolia Springs State Park, because the location was favorable due to the springs providing potable water and its proximity to the Augusta and Savannah Railroad. On December 3, 1864, [1] Sherman's March to the Sea passed through Millen. Prior to the arrival of Union forces, Confederate soldiers evacuated the Camp Lawton prisoners to Savannah. The Union soldiers destroyed Millen's Junction after finding the prison camp and to avoid use of the railway junction. [1]
The town was rebuilt after the war. In 1881, the city of Millen was incorporated by an act of the Georgia State Legislature, becoming the county seat of the newly created Jenkins County in 1905. [1] The summer of 1919 was called the Red Summer due to a number of race riots throughout America. Millen did not escape this and white mobs burned down and killed a number of people in Millen during the Jenkins County, Georgia, riot of 1919.
The Downtown Millen Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. The county is largely rural and agricultural.
Millen is the only incorporated municipality in Jenkins County. It is located on the east side of the Ogeechee River. U.S. Route 25 passes through the west side of the city, leading north 20 miles (32 km) to Waynesboro and south 29 miles (47 km) to Statesboro. Georgia State Route 17 passes through the center of the city, entering from the west as Winthrope Avenue and leaving to the south as Masonic Street. SR-17 leads northwest 35 miles (56 km) to Louisville and southeast 77 miles (124 km) to Savannah. State Route 21 bypasses Millen to the northeast, ending at US 25 at the northern city limit. SR-21 leads east 20 miles (32 km) to Sylvania.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Millen has a total area of 3.6 square miles (9.3 km2), of which 0.02 square miles (0.06 km2), or 0.67%, are water. [5]
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 411 | — | |
1910 | 2,030 | 393.9% | |
1920 | 2,405 | 18.5% | |
1930 | 2,527 | 5.1% | |
1940 | 2,820 | 11.6% | |
1950 | 3,449 | 22.3% | |
1960 | 3,633 | 5.3% | |
1970 | 3,713 | 2.2% | |
1980 | 3,988 | 7.4% | |
1990 | 3,808 | −4.5% | |
2000 | 3,492 | −8.3% | |
2010 | 3,120 | −10.7% | |
2020 | 2,966 | −4.9% | |
U.S. Decennial Census [8] |
Race | Num. | Perc. |
---|---|---|
White (non-Hispanic) | 999 | 33.68% |
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 1,773 | 59.78% |
Native American | 7 | 0.24% |
Asian | 8 | 0.27% |
Pacific Islander | 3 | 0.1% |
Other/Mixed | 73 | 2.46% |
Hispanic or Latino | 103 | 3.47% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,966 people, 1,113 households, and 563 families residing in the city.
The Jenkins County School District holds pre-school to grade twelve, and consists of one elementary school, one middle school, and one high school. [10] The district has 119 full-time teachers and over 1,754 students. [11]
Jenkins County is a county located in the southeastern area of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,674. The county seat is Millen. Historic and bountiful Magnolia Springs State Park is located between Millen and Perkins.
Columbia County is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 156,010. The legal county seat is Appling, but the de facto seat of county government is Evans.
Kingston is a village in Bartow County, Georgia, United States. The population was 722 at the 2020 census.
Cordele is a city in and the county seat of Crisp County, Georgia. The population was 11,165 at the 2010 census, and 10,220 in 2020.
Gibson is a city and the county seat of Glascock County, Georgia, United States, and is home to the Glascock County Courthouse, a National Register of Historic Places listed site. The population was 663 at the 2010 census, and 630 in 2020.
Louisville is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Georgia, United States, and also a former state capital of Georgia. It is located southwest of Augusta on the Ogeechee River, and its population was 2,493 at the 2010 census, down from 2,712 at the 2000 census. By 2020, its population was 2,381. Its name is pronounced "Lewis-ville", though it and the differently pronounced city in Kentucky were both named for Louis XVI.
Lincolnton is a city and the county seat of Lincoln County, Georgia, United States. The population was 1,480 at the 2020 census. It contains numerous houses and historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Both the city and the county were named for General Benjamin Lincoln, who served in the Continental Army during the American Revolution.
Darien is a city in and the county seat of McIntosh County, Georgia, United States. It lies on Georgia's coast at the mouth of the Altamaha River, approximately 50 miles south of Savannah, and is part of the Brunswick, Georgia metropolitan statistical area. It is the second-oldest planned city in Georgia and was originally called New Inverness. The population of Darien was 1,460 at the 2020 census, down from 1,975 in 2010.
Sylvania is a city in and the county seat of Screven County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,634 in 2020.
Washington is the county seat of Wilkes County, Georgia, United States. Under its original name, Heard's Fort, it was for a brief time during the American Revolutionary War the Georgia state capital. It is noteworthy as the place where the Confederacy voted to dissolve itself, effectively ending the American Civil War.
Hempstead is a city in and the county seat of Waller County, Texas, United States, part of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area.
Sherman's March to the Sea was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21, 1864, by William Tecumseh Sherman, major general of the Union Army. The campaign began on November 15 with Sherman's troops leaving Atlanta, recently taken by Union forces, and ended with the capture of the port of Savannah on December 21. His forces followed a "scorched earth" policy, destroying military targets as well as industry, infrastructure, and civilian property, disrupting the Confederacy's economy and transportation networks. The operation debilitated the Confederacy and helped lead to its eventual surrender. Sherman's decision to operate deep within enemy territory without supply lines was unusual for its time, and the campaign is regarded by some historians as an early example of modern warfare or total war.
Magnolia Springs State Park is a 1,070-acre (430 ha) Georgia state park located between Perkins and Millen in Jenkins County. The park was built as a project of the Civilian Conservation Corps and opened in 1939. The park is well known for its crystal clear springs that are estimated to flow 7 million US gallons (26,000 m3) per day. The park also offers unique wildlife near the springs, including alligators, turtles, and a variety of birds and fish.
The Andersonville National Historic Site, located near Andersonville, Georgia, preserves the former Andersonville Prison, a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp during the final fourteen months of the American Civil War. Most of the site lies in southwestern Macon County, adjacent to the east side of the town of Andersonville. The site also contains the Andersonville National Cemetery and the National Prisoner of War Museum. The prison was created in February 1864 and served until April 1865.
The Atlantic and Gulf Railroad was chartered in February 1856 by act of the Georgia General Assembly. It was also known as the Main Trunk Railroad. It traversed south Georgia from Screven to Bainbridge, Georgia. Construction began in early January 1859. Its construction was halted by the American Civil War. Construction began again after the end of the war and the line was completed to Bainbridge, Georgia by late December 1867. The route never reached all the way to the Gulf of Mexico as it had originally had intended. The company went bankrupt in 1877 and was bought in 1879 by Henry B. Plant and became incorporated into his Plant System. Its main line is currently operated by CSX Transportation. Throughout its history, the Atlantic and Gulf was closely associated with the Savannah and Albany Railroad Company and its successor the Savannah, Albany, and Gulf Railroad.
Waynesboro is a city and the county seat of Burke County, Georgia, United States. The population was 5,472 at the 2024 census. It is part of the Augusta, Georgia metropolitan area.
The Florence Stockade, also known as The Stockade or the Confederate States Military Prison at Florence, was a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp located on the outskirts of Florence, South Carolina, during the American Civil War. It operated from September 1864 through February 1865; during this time, as many as 18,000 Union soldiers were imprisoned there, about 2,800 of whom died.
Perkins is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Jenkins County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 91.
Robert Knox Sneden (1832–1918) was an American landscape painter and a map-maker for the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was a prolific illustrator and memoirist documenting the war and other events.
Camp Lawton or the Millen Prison was a stockade which held Union soldiers who been taken as prisoners-of-war during the American Civil War. Located beside the Augusta and Savannah Railroad right-of-way five miles north of what was then Millen Junction in Burke County, the new prison facility was modeled after Camp Sumter. It opened in October 1864 but had to be evacuated within six weeks, due to the advance of Sherman's army through Georgia. With an area of 42 acres (17 ha) and holding over 10,000 of a planned 40,000 men, it was said to be the largest prison in the world at that time.
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