San Gabriel, California | |
---|---|
Motto: "City With A Mission" | |
Coordinates: 34°6′10.14″N118°5′58.89″W / 34.1028167°N 118.0996917°W | |
Country | United States |
State | California |
County | Los Angeles |
Incorporated | April 24, 1913 [1] |
Named for | Archangel Gabriel |
Government | |
• Mayor | John Wu |
• Vice Mayor | Denise Menchaca |
• City Council | Eric Chan Tony Ding John R. Harrington |
• City Manager | Mark Lazzaretto [3] |
Area | |
• Total | 4.15 sq mi (10.74 km2) |
• Land | 4.14 sq mi (10.73 km2) |
• Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) 0.02% |
Elevation | 420 ft (128 m) |
Population | |
• Total | 39,568 |
• Density | 9,626.8/sq mi (3,716.92/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific Time Zone) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
ZIP codes | 91775, 91776, 91778 [7] |
Area code | 626 [8] |
FIPS code | 06-67042 |
GNIS feature IDs | 1656614, 2411787 |
Website | www |
San Gabriel (Spanish for "St. Gabriel") is a city located in the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County, California. At the 2010 census, the population was 39,718.
San Gabriel was founded by the Spanish in 1771, when Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was established by Saint Junípero Serra. Through the Spanish and Mexican periods, San Gabriel played an important role in the development of Los Angeles and Californio society. Owing to the prominence of Mission San Gabriel in the region's history, it is often called the "birthplace of the Los Angeles region". [9]
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish to Alta California, the area that is San Gabriel were inhabited by the Tongva, whom the Spanish called the Gabrieleño. The Tongva village of Shevaanga was located at the original site of Mission San Gabriel, before being moved to the site of another village, Toviscanga, in 1776 after being destroyed by a flood. These villages were part of an extensive trade network and were interconnected by a series of trails. [10] [11]
Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, founded by Father Junípero Serra in 1771, is the fourth of twenty-one California Missions, and is known as the "Pride of the California Missions." [12] Dissidence and rebellions against the mission by the Tongva, who were forced to labor at the mission, were common. [13] After the Spanish missionaries banned converts to Christianity from dancing and participating in ceremony, a major rebellion of eight villages was staged against the mission in 1785 led by Toypurina and Nicolás Josè. [14]
The Mission San Gabriel Arcángel served a pivotal role in the Californio society, with many of the area's first Mexican settlers being baptized at the mission, including future governor Pio Pico, who was born in 1801 at the mission and baptized there the same year. He was appointed as California's governor twice, serving briefly in 1832 and again from 1845 through the Mexican–American War. Later in life, he was elected as a Los Angeles City councilman. [15] The city of Pico Rivera was named to honor him as the last governor of California to be born in Mexico. [16]
In 1853, a company of Army Engineers, which included the geologist William P. Blake, passed by the mission in search of the best route for an intercontinental railroad. Blake observed that the once great vineyards had fallen into wild disarray. Fences were in disrepair and animals roamed freely through the property. But the mission bells were ringing and the church was still in use. Blake predicted, "I believe that when the adaptation of that portion of California to the culture of the grape and the manufacture of wine becomes known and appreciated, the state will become celebrated not only for its gold and grain, but (also) for its fruits and wines." [17]
In the first United States census made in California in 1860, 586 people lived in the San Gabriel township, an area encompassing the mission lands and several adjacent ranchos stretching north to what is now Pasadena. By 1870, the population had shrunk to 436. [18] [19]
San Gabriel incorporated as a city April 24, 1913, with a population of 1,500. [17]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.1 square miles (11 km2), virtually all of it land.
The city is located in the San Gabriel Valley and is bordered on the north by San Marino, on the east by Temple City and Rosemead, to the south by Rosemead and to the west by Alhambra.
The Parks and Recreation Department offers an after school sports program and a summer playground program for San Gabriel youth. Along with these programs, the department provides a variety of trips and special events throughout the year for youth of all ages.
Parks include:
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, San Gabriel has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps. Summers are hot and very dry, and winters are mild.
Climate data for San Gabriel, California, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1939–2015 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 94 (34) | 94 (34) | 101 (38) | 106 (41) | 106 (41) | 111 (44) | 108 (42) | 112 (44) | 112 (44) | 108 (42) | 101 (38) | 96 (36) | 112 (44) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 84.8 (29.3) | 85.6 (29.8) | 87.4 (30.8) | 93.2 (34.0) | 92.5 (33.6) | 95.2 (35.1) | 98.7 (37.1) | 100.7 (38.2) | 102.5 (39.2) | 98.0 (36.7) | 90.1 (32.3) | 82.9 (28.3) | 106.2 (41.2) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 68.6 (20.3) | 68.2 (20.1) | 70.9 (21.6) | 73.8 (23.2) | 75.6 (24.2) | 80.8 (27.1) | 85.5 (29.7) | 87.6 (30.9) | 86.7 (30.4) | 80.7 (27.1) | 74.0 (23.3) | 67.8 (19.9) | 76.7 (24.8) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 57.4 (14.1) | 57.7 (14.3) | 60.7 (15.9) | 63.2 (17.3) | 66.6 (19.2) | 71.2 (21.8) | 75.4 (24.1) | 76.6 (24.8) | 75.1 (23.9) | 69.0 (20.6) | 62.3 (16.8) | 56.6 (13.7) | 66.0 (18.9) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 46.1 (7.8) | 47.1 (8.4) | 50.5 (10.3) | 52.7 (11.5) | 57.6 (14.2) | 61.5 (16.4) | 65.2 (18.4) | 65.5 (18.6) | 63.6 (17.6) | 57.4 (14.1) | 50.6 (10.3) | 45.3 (7.4) | 55.3 (12.9) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 33.9 (1.1) | 35.7 (2.1) | 38.5 (3.6) | 41.8 (5.4) | 48.1 (8.9) | 52.8 (11.6) | 57.1 (13.9) | 56.1 (13.4) | 54.2 (12.3) | 47.0 (8.3) | 38.6 (3.7) | 33.3 (0.7) | 31.8 (−0.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | 22 (−6) | 25 (−4) | 31 (−1) | 34 (1) | 38 (3) | 43 (6) | 46 (8) | 47 (8) | 42 (6) | 33 (1) | 30 (−1) | 24 (−4) | 22 (−6) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.56 (90) | 4.22 (107) | 2.53 (64) | 0.61 (15) | 0.48 (12) | 0.13 (3.3) | 0.04 (1.0) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.13 (3.3) | 0.61 (15) | 0.92 (23) | 2.44 (62) | 15.67 (398) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.5 | 7.1 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 33.2 |
Source 1: NOAA [20] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 1981–2010) [21] |
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 737 | — | |
1920 | 2,640 | — | |
1930 | 7,224 | 173.6% | |
1940 | 11,867 | 64.3% | |
1950 | 20,343 | 71.4% | |
1960 | 22,561 | 10.9% | |
1970 | 29,336 | 30.0% | |
1980 | 30,072 | 2.5% | |
1990 | 37,120 | 23.4% | |
2000 | 39,804 | 7.2% | |
2010 | 39,718 | −0.2% | |
2020 | 39,568 | −0.4% | |
2023 (est.) | 37,732 | [22] | −4.6% |
U.S. Decennial Census [23] |
The 2010 United States Census [24] reported that San Gabriel had a population of 39,718. The population density was 9,581.5 inhabitants per square mile (3,699.4/km2). The racial makeup of San Gabriel was 24,091 (60.7%) Asian, 10,076 (25.4%) White (11.4% Non-Hispanic White), 388 (1.0%) African American, 220 (0.6%) Native American, 43 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 3,762 (9.5%) from other races, and 1,138 (2.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10,189 persons (25.7%).
The Census reported that 39,266 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 34 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 418 (1.1%) were institutionalized.
There were 12,542 households, out of which 4,542 (36.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,668 (53.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,961 (15.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 965 (7.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 481 (3.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 76 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,121 households (16.9%) were made up of individuals, and 800 (6.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.13. There were 9,594 families (76.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.47.
The population was spread out, with 7,866 people (19.8%) under the age of 18, 3,555 people (9.0%) aged 18 to 24, 11,335 people (28.5%) aged 25 to 44, 11,388 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,574 people (14.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.
There were 13,237 housing units at an average density of 3,193.3 per square mile (1,232.9/km2), of which 6,168 (49.2%) were owner-occupied, and 6,374 (50.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.7%. 19,974 people (50.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,292 people (48.6%) lived in rental housing units.
As of the census [25] of 2000, there were 39,804 people, 12,587 households, and 9,566 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,639.3 inhabitants per square mile (3,721.8/km2). There were 12,909 housing units at an average density of 3,126.2 per square mile (1,207.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 33.40% White, 1.06% African American, 0.83% Native American, 48.91% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 12.36% from other races, and 3.34% from two or more races. Those identifying as Hispanic or Latino (of any race) were 30.71% of the population. According to the Los Angeles Times, Chinese and Mexican were the most ancestries in 2000, with 52.6% of residents foreign born, Vietnam and China being the most common places of birth. [26]
There were 12,587 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.0% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.52.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 33.3% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $56,720, and the median income The per capita income for the city was $24,816. About 9.5% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.
These were the ten neighborhoods in Los Angeles County with the largest percentage of Asian residents, according to the 2000 census: [27]
According to the city's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: [28]
# | Employer | # of Employees |
---|---|---|
1 | AHMC San Gabriel Valley Medical | 1062 |
2 | Landwin Hospitality LLC | 150 |
3 | Ivy Creek Healthcare & Wellness Centre | 147 |
4 | SGV Healthcare Inc. | 147 |
5 | 99 Ranch Market #208 | 143 |
6 | Royal Vista Care Center, LLC | 123 |
7 | San Gabriel Country Club | 120 |
8 | Pine Grove Healthcare & Wellness Centre | 116 |
9 | Five Star Seafood Restaurant | 105 |
10 | San Gabriel Superstore | 105 |
In the state legislature San Gabriel is located in the 21st Senate District, represented by Democrat Anthony Portantino, and in the 49th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Ed Chau.
In the United States House of Representatives, San Gabriel is in California's 28th congressional district , represented by Democrat Judy Chu. [29]
Five councilmembers are elected by the voters to serve a four-year term. The Mayor is appointed annually by the Council in a rotation among its members. The City Council is also the Redevelopment Agency Board of Directors. As of July 2024, the members are Mayor John Wu, Vice Mayor Denise Menchaca, and Councilmembers Eric Chan, Tony Ding, and John R. Harrington. [2]
The city's first Chinese American mayor was Chi Mui in 2006. He symbolized San Gabriel's rise as the new center of the region's Chinese community. He died of cancer three months later. [30] Mui was replaced by Albert Y. M. Huang, who served as mayor during his term. Huang submitted his resignation October 19, 2010, following a late-night domestic dispute with his girlfriend and subsequent arrest. Huang has since been cleared of all charges. [31]
The vast majority of the city of San Gabriel is served by the San Gabriel Unified School District. [32] It has five of the public elementary schools, [33] Jefferson Middle School, Gabrielino High School, Del Mar High School, which opened in 2010, is an alternative high school. [34]
A portion of San Gabriel is in the Garvey School District and the Alhambra Unified School District. [32] Two elementary schools that exist within the city limits are operated by the Garvey School District, in the southern portion of San Gabriel. San Gabriel High School is operated by Alhambra USD .
A portion of San Gabriel is in the Rosemead Elementary School District and the El Monte Union High School District. [32]
San Gabriel Mission High School is a Catholic, all girls school.
San Gabriel community news are covered by the San Gabriel Valley Tribune , a paid daily newspaper, as well as by Mid-Valley News and San Gabriel Sun, which are community weeklies.
The city has a mixture of Asian, European, and North American cultures. [35] Second- and third-generation Chinese Americans patronize its diverse array of stores and eateries. [30]
There is the 12-acre (49,000 m2) "San Gabriel Square" mall, sometimes referred to as the "Chinese Disneyland". [35] It was also nicknamed by the Los Angeles Times as "the great mall of China." [36] [37] This stretch of Chinese shops and bold architecture, with roofs of Spanish-style tile, is the model for the new ethnoburbs recently recognized in places like Las Vegas and Houston. [35] [38]
San Gabriel is currently served by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
In 2008, voters approved the measure, proposition 1A for the California High Speed Rail Project from San Diego to San Francisco. [39] The project will be constructed in two segments. The San Francisco to Los Angeles/Anaheim project is scheduled to be built first, at a cost of $43 billion, with a completion date in 2029. [39] The second phase of the proposed railway, from Los Angeles to stations in San Diego will not begin construction until after phase one is completed. The California High-Speed Rail Authority is responsible for planning, designing, and building the system.
Conceptually, the voters were very enthusiastic about a high speed railway. The reality of the possibility that it could impact their neighborhood and their homes is being met with steadfast disapproval. When the California High-Speed Rail Authority recently met with the city councils and residents of San Gabriel, El Monte, Rosemead [40] and Alhambra, to discuss the four proposed routes for phase two, the members of the three city councils expressed that residents were very concerned that the railway could possibly end up in their backyards. [39] Mayor David Gutierrez said, "We made a promise to the community that the city of San Gabriel will never allow anything like this to happen if there is any consideration that people might lose their home." [39] No decisions will be made until environmental impact and evaluation of the various proposed routes are completed in 2014. [39]
Alhambra is a city located in the western San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, United States, approximately 8 miles (13 km) from the Downtown Los Angeles civic center. It was incorporated on July 11, 1903. As of the 2020 census, the population was 82,868. The city's ZIP Codes are 91801 and 91803.
Arcadia is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located about 13 miles (21 km) northeast of downtown Los Angeles in the San Gabriel Valley and at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. It contains a series of adjacent parks consisting of the Santa Anita Park racetrack, the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden, and Arcadia County Park. The city had a population of 56,364 at the 2010 census, up from 53,248 at the 2000 census. The city is named after Arcadia, Greece.
Bellflower is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It was founded in 1906 and incorporated on September 3, 1957. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 79,190, up from 76,616 at the 2010 census. This made it the 65th most densely populated city in the United States, of cities over 50,000 residents.
Downey is a city located in Southeast Los Angeles County, California, United States, 13 mi (21 km) southeast of Downtown Los Angeles. It is considered part of the Gateway Cities. The city is the birthplace of the Apollo space program and Taco Bell. It is also the home of the oldest operating McDonald's restaurant in the world. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 114,355.
East Pasadena is an unincorporated community in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 6,021 at the 2020 census, down from 6,144 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined East Pasadena as a census-designated place (CDP).
El Monte is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city lies in the San Gabriel Valley, east of the city of Los Angeles.
La Puente is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city had a population of 39,816 at the 2010 census and is approximately 20 miles (32 km) east of downtown Los Angeles.
Montebello is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located just east of East Los Angeles and southwest of San Gabriel Valley. It is an independent city 8 mi (13 km) east of downtown Los Angeles. It is considered part of the Gateway Cities and San Gabriel Valley Cities, and is a member of the Gateway Cities Council of Governments and the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments.
Monterey Park is a city in the western San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, United States, approximately seven miles (11 km) east of the Downtown Los Angeles civic center. It is bordered by Alhambra, East Los Angeles, Montebello and Rosemead. The city's motto is "Pride in the past, Faith in the future".
Pico Rivera is a city located in southeastern Los Angeles County, California. The city is situated approximately 11 miles (18 km) southeast of downtown Los Angeles, on the eastern edge of the Los Angeles basin, and on the southern edge of the area known as the San Gabriel Valley. As of the 2020 United States census, the city has a population of 62,088. Pico Rivera is bordered by Montebello to the west, Downey to the south, Santa Fe Springs to the southeast, and Whittier to the east. Northrop Grumman's Advanced Systems Division developed the B-2 Spirit bomber here.
Rosemead is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The 2020 United States Census reported a population of 51,185. Rosemead is part of a cluster of cities, along with Alhambra, Arcadia, Temple City, Monterey Park, San Marino, and San Gabriel, in the west San Gabriel Valley with a growing Asian-American population.
Rowland Heights is an unincorporated area in and below the Puente Hills in the San Gabriel Valley, in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 48,231 at the 2020 census. Rowland Heights is in the Los Angeles metropolitan area and represented by the County of Los Angeles and is the second largest census designated place in Los Angeles County by area, behind Topanga, and the county's fifth largest CDP by population. The area has a high Taiwanese population and was known as “Little Taipei” in the 1980s and 1990s, when it saw an influx of wealthy immigrants from Taiwan.
San Fernando is a general-law city in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It is an enclave in the City of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census the population of San Fernando was 23,946.
San Marino is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It was incorporated on April 25, 1913. At the 2020 United States census the population was 12,513, a decline from the 2010 United States census.
Temple City is a city in Los Angeles County, California located northeast of downtown Los Angeles and at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. Temple City is part of a cluster of cities, along with Pasadena, Arcadia, Alhambra, San Marino, and San Gabriel, in the west San Gabriel Valley.
West Covina is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Located 19 miles (31 km) east of downtown Los Angeles in the eastern San Gabriel Valley, it is part of Greater Los Angeles. The population for the city was 109,501 at the 2020 census.
West Whittier-Los Nietos is a census-designated place (CDP) in Los Angeles County, California, near the San Gabriel River and the San Gabriel River (I-605) Freeway. The population was 25,540 at the 2010 census, up from 25,129 at the 2000 census. The census area consists of separate unincorporated communities of Los Nietos and West Whittier.
The San Gabriel Valley, often referred to by its initials as SGV, is one of the principal valleys of Southern California, with the city of Los Angeles directly bordering it to the west, and occupying the vast majority of the southeastern part of Los Angeles County. Surrounding landforms and other features include the following:
The Alhambra Unified School District is a school district based in Alhambra, California.
San Gabriel High School (SGHS) is a public high school located in Los Angeles County, California and operated by the Alhambra Unified School District. It is almost entirely in the city limits of Alhambra, with a small portion and the school's address in the city limits of San Gabriel.
a clerk with the Jedediah Smith fur-trapping party spent considerable time observing his San Gabriel mission surroundings. He soon found himself unable to tolerate the site of the natives working in the nearby vineyards and fields. 'They are kept in great fear, and for the least offense they are corrected,' he confided in his diary. 'They are... complete slaves in every sense of the word.'