Neptunium tetrachloride

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Neptunium tetrachloride
Kristallstruktur Uran(IV)-chlorid.png
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
  • InChI=1S/4ClH.Np/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4
    Key: XFAAJSLPXNXKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-J
  • [Np+4].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-]
Properties
Cl4Np
Molar mass 379 g·mol−1
Appearanceorange-brown crystals
Density 4.95 g/cm3
Melting point 538 °C (1,000 °F; 811 K)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Uranium tetrachloride, Thorium tetrachloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Neptunium tetrachloride is a binary inorganic compound of neptunium metal and chlorine with the chemical formula NpCl4. [1] [2]

Contents

Synthesis

The compound can be prepared by:

2 NpN + 8 HCl → N2 + 4 H2 + 2 NpCl4
Np2S3 + 8 HCl → 2 NpCl4 + 3 H2S + H2
NpO2 + CCl4 → NpCl4 + CO2

Other reactions are also used. [5]

Physical properties

NpCl4 crystallizes in tetragonal crystal system of space group I4/amd. [6]

Chemical properties

The compound reacts with ammonia to produce neptunium trichloride: [3]

6 NpCl4 + 2 NH3 → 6 NpCl3 + 6 HCl + N2

Neptunium tetrachloride can be reduced to neptunium trichloride by hydrogen at 450 °C.

2 NpCl4 + H2 → 2 NpCl3 + 2HCl

NpCl4 can form Lewis base adducts with non-protic solvents such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), pyridine and acetonitrile. These compounds are more accessible in practice than the binary NpCl4 salt. Solvates of the general formula NpCl4Lx may thus be isolated. [7] The most commonly used starting material for metal-organic neptunium chemistry is NpCl4(DME)2, which can be isolated as a pink powder. [8]

NpCl4(DME)2 in 1,2-dimethoxyethane. NpCl4(DME)2 in 1,2-dimethoxyethane..jpg
NpCl4(DME)2 in 1,2-dimethoxyethane.

References

  1. ↑ "WebElements Periodic Table » Neptunium » neptunium tetrachloride". webelements.com. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  2. ↑ Stone, J. A.; Jones, E. R. (15 February 1971). "Mössbauer Spectra and Magnetic Susceptibility of Neptunium Tetrachloride below 85K". The Journal of Chemical Physics . 54 (4): 1713–1718. Bibcode:1971JChPh..54.1713S. doi:10.1063/1.1675076 . Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  3. 1 2 Sheft, Irving; Fried, Sherman (1950). New Neptunium Compounds. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Technical Information Division. p. 5. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  4. ↑ Fried, S. (1947). The Basic Dry Chemistry of Neptunium. Atomic Energy Commission. p. 1. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  5. ↑ Ahrland, S.; Bagnall, K. W.; Brown, D. (7 June 2016). The Chemistry of the Actinides: Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry. Elsevier. p. 181. ISBN   978-1-4831-5934-8 . Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  6. ↑ Spirlet, Marie-Rose; Jemine, Xavier; Goffart, Jean (1 January 1995). "A single-crystal X-ray structure determination of neptunium tetrachloride" . Journal of Alloys and Compounds . 216 (2): 269–271. doi:10.1016/0925-8388(94)01264-I. ISSN   0925-8388 . Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  7. ↑ Lopez, Lauren M.; Uible, Madeleine C.; Zeller, Matthias; Bart, Suzanne C. (2024-06-04). "Lewis base adducts of NpCl4". Chemical Communications. 60 (46): 5956–5959. doi: 10.1039/D4CC01560F . ISSN   1364-548X. PMID   38766982.
  8. ↑ Reilly, Sean D.; Brown, Jessie L.; Scott, Brian L.; Gaunt, Andrew J. (2013-12-18). "Synthesis and characterization of NpCl4(DME)2 and PuCl4(DME)2 neutral transuranic An(IV) starting materials" . Dalton Transactions. 43 (4): 1498–1501. doi:10.1039/C3DT53058B. ISSN   1477-9234. PMID   24285347.
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