Barrington, Rhode Island

This article is about the town in Rhode Island. For other areas of the same name, see Barrington.

Barrington, Rhode Island
Town
Aerial view of Barrington in 2008
Coat of arms
Location in Bristol County and the state of Rhode Island.
Barrington Location in Bristol County and the state of Rhode Island. Show map of Rhode Island Barrington Barrington (the United States) Show map of the United States Barrington Barrington (North America) Show map of North America
Coordinates: 41°44′43″N71°19′5″W / 41.74528°N 71.31806°W / 41.74528; -71.31806 Coordinates: 41°44′43″N71°19′5″W / 41.74528°N 71.31806°W / 41.74528; -71.31806
Country	United States
State	Rhode Island
County	Bristol
Settled	1652
Incorporation (Massachusetts)	November 18, 1717
Annexed to Warren	January 27, 1747
Incorporation (Rhode Island)	June 16, 1770
Government
• Type	Council-manager
• Town Council	Robert Humm (D) Jacob Brier (D) Michael W. Carroll (D) Annelise Conway (D) Carl Kustell (D)
• Town Moderator	Julia P. Califano (D)
Area
• Total	15.4 sq mi (39.9 km2)
• Land	8.4 sq mi (21.8 km2)
• Water	7.0 sq mi (18.1 km2)
Elevation	50ft at Prince's hill ft (2 m)
Population  (2010)
• Total	16,310
• Density	1,941.7/sq mi (748.2/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP Code	02806
Area code(s)	401
FIPS code	44-05140 [1]
GNIS feature ID	1220084 [2]
Website	Town of Barrington Official Web Site

Barrington is a suburban, residential town in Bristol County, Rhode Island located approximately 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Providence. It was founded by Congregationalist separatists from Swansea, Massachusetts and incorporated in 1717. ^[3]

Barrington was ceded to Rhode Island and merged into Warren in 1747, though it was later made into a separate town by the Rhode Island legislature. It was a sparsely developed, agricultural community until the arrival of brickmaking companies in the 1850s, which employed large numbers of French-Canadians and Italians. The construction of a railroad to Providence in 1855 further contributed to suburban development, attracting residents of neighboring urban areas and contributing to the development of manufacturing industries. The post-World War II baby boom increased suburbanization trends, resulting in a large population increase.

Schools were constructed throughout the 1950s to accommodate this population. Three Barrington schools are National Blue Ribbon Schools, and its high school was ranked No. 189 in the United States by Newsweek in 2019. Money noted the appeal of Barrington's high test scores and relative affordability, naming it one of the best places to live in the United States.

Historical sites provide examples of architectural and suburban development during various stages of the town's history, including the Allen-West House, Barrington Civic Center Historic District, and O'Bannon Mill. Nine sites in Barrington are listed under the National Register of Historic Places.

As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 16,310.

History

The land that comprises Barrington was originally occupied by the Wampanoags whose territory spread from Narragansett Bay through Cape Cod. ^{[4] :54} Epidemics largely eliminated their coastal settlements, however, and their main settlement was roughly Bristol, Barrington, and Warren, Rhode Island ^{[5] :5} at the time of the Pilgrims' arrival in 1620. The Narragansetts called the area Sowams. ^{[4] :104 [5] :5} In 1653, investors from Plymouth Colony bought "Sowams and Parts Adjacent" from the Wampanoags, corresponding to Barrington and portions of Bristol, Warren, and Swansea, Massachusetts. ^{[4] :43 [5] :6} Some areas in Barrington draw their name from the initial proprietors of this land, such as Prince's Hill named for Thomas Prince. ^{[4] :1}

Religious differences between settlers of Sowams and the neighboring Wannamoissett and Rehoboth prompted the incorporation of Swansea in 1667. Plymouth created Bristol County in 1685 to improve administration of western lands, which was followed by a merger of the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies orchestrated by the British government. ^{[5] :6} Baptist residents petitioned for separation from Swansea in 1711, and Barrington was incorporated as an independent town in 1717. Barrington likely received its name from Barrington, Somerset, the origin of several settlers. ^[3] Barrington was ceded to Rhode Island in 1747 and made a part of Warren. In 1770, the Rhode Island legislature separated Barrington into a separate town. ^[3]

Townhood

Shifts in influence between northern and southern portions of Barrington resulted in relocation of the Congregational Church (pictured).

Agriculture provided the basis for the town's economy in the early decades. Farmers typically cultivated grains, especially corn, rye, oats, and barley. Many farmers planted fruit trees and some developed large orchards, as apple cider was an important commodity for trade. Farming significantly affected the town landscape, separating large grassland fields with fencing and stone walls. ^{[5] :12}

Religion continued to influence Barrington politics. The new Congregational Society was formally declared the town's religion, following Massachusetts custom. Taxes supported the Congregational minister until 1797, and he was employed by the town meeting. ^{[5] :12} Baptists and other religious groups were given the option of supporting their own meetings in 1728. In 1737, discussions about relocating the Congregational church proved divisive between the southern and northern portions of Barrington. The southern area was the historical center of town where the Congregational church and original Sowams settlers had been. However, rapid increases in population shifted influence northward, where abundant marshland and fertile soil allowed farmers to establish large, successful farms. Ultimately, the church relocated to the north, using a lot provided by Joshua Bicknell along County Road. ^{[5] :13} The north continued to develop due to a combination of commercial establishments (mainly taverns and inns) and farmhouses near the relocated church. ^{[5] :14}

Industrial production and suburbanization

The railroad from Providence was constructed in 1855 and led to the development of commercial and public facilities

In 1847, Nathaniel Potter founded Nayatt Brick Company which used the extensive clay deposits in Brickyard Pond. The company was reincorporated as the Narragansett Brick Company in 1864, and the New England Steam Brick Corporation was founded in 1890 as a competitor. ^{[5] :20} Brick production resulted in road-building, visits from seafaring vessels, and other such economic activity. The original employees of these companies were mainly of French-Canadian descent, but Italians immigrated to the United States as a result of economic depression in the 1880s. A few hundred came to Barrington and worked at the brickyard, and their descendants make up a significant portion of the town population. ^[3] Barrington's population grew from 850 in 1850 to 3,697 in 1920, mirroring overall trends in Rhode Island. Clay deposits began to deplete in 1900, and brickmaking operations ceased by 1930. ^{[5] :20}

The construction of a railroad between Bristol and Providence in 1855 allowed residents to commute to Providence, resulting in an increasingly suburban atmosphere. ^{[5] :3} The railroad led to the creation of several manufacturing industries in West Barrington, such as O'Bannon Mill and Rhode Island Laceworks (which provided commercial firefighting services for the town). New public facilities were also constructed during this period, such as a high school, town hall, and library. Developments catered to wealthy residents of urban areas who came to Barrington in the summer for its location near the shore, such as the Barrington Yacht Club and Rhode Island Country Club. ^[3]

Modern era

Manufacturing establishments continued to operate in West Barrington throughout the 20th century. Throughout the 1930s, the Neweth Rubber Company produced retread tires, but its building burned down in the 1940s and was not rebuilt. Rhode Island Laceworks continued to operate until 1990, when its owners deemed profits insufficient. The 1938 New England hurricane caused considerable damage to homes along the shoreline and pleasure craft, and railroad service was discontinued shortly afterwards. ^{[3] [5] :3}

Trends continued towards suburbanization, spurred by the availability of the automobile and the later post–World War II baby boom. ^[3] Commercial establishments on County Road further reduced the need for outside travel, and significantly altered the existing town landscape. ^{[5] :22} Barrington Shopping Center was constructed in 1948 and included a supermarket, pharmacy, and bank; two smaller shopping centers were constructed afterwards. Six schools comprise the modern education system of Barrington, constructed throughout the 1950s. Town services grew with the establishment of a police force in 1934 and a fire department in 1953. Rapid population growth lead the town to adopt a council-manager charter in 1960. New churches also opened, accommodating Roman Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian citizens. In the 1980s, the East Bay Bike Path was constructed along the former railroad lines connecting Providence to Bristol. ^{[5] :3} In the 1990s, a lawsuit by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was brought against the town for its Christmas display, which featured a crèche. The town removed the display, and an individual placed a privately owned scene on the road neighboring the town hall. Similarly, a lawsuit filed in 1996 by the ACLU regarding the town's decision to plow church parking lots for free was not contested. ^[3] Barrington was the sole "dry" town in Rhode Island until 2011, when the town council approved two liquor stores. ^[6]

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. 1774 601 1776 538 1782 534 1790 683 1800 650 1810 604 1820 634 1830 612 1840 549 1850 795 1860 1,000 1870 1,111 1880 1,359 1890 1,461	Year Pop. 1900 1,135 1910 2,452 1920 3,897 1930 5,162 1940 6,231 1950 8,246 1960 13,826 1970 17,554 1980 16,174 1990 15,849 2000 16,819 2010 16,310 2015 16,240
Note: Figure for 2015 is estimated. Source: U.S. Decennial Census [7] [8]

Demographics (2010) [9]
White	94.7%
Asian	2.8%
Two or more races	1.5%
Black	0.5%
Other race	0.4%
American Indian or Alaska Native	0.1%

As of the 2010 United States Census, Barrington had a population of 16,310. It is a predominantly white community at 94.7 percent of residents. There were 6,011 households; 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.7% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. Of all households, 18.8% were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.14. The population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.

According to 2017 United States Census estimates, the median income for a household in the town was $117,408, ^[10] and the median income for a family was $139,591. ^[10] Males had a median income of $93,125 versus $76,534 for females. The per capita income for the town was $59,515. ^[11] About 1.7% of families and 2.8% of the population ^[11] were below the poverty line, including 1.6% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over. ^[11] Barrington's $117,408 median household income ranks it as the wealthiest town in the state. ^[12]

Government

Barrington town vote
by party in presidential elections ^[13]

Year	GOP	DEM	Others
2020	26.67% 2,889	71.21%7,713	2.12% 230
2016	29.70% 2,898	63.06%6,153	7.25% 707
2012	40.14% 3,836	58.15%5,557	1.71% 163
2008	37.11% 3,666	61.50%6,075	1.39% 137
2004	42.40% 4,020	55.80%5,291	1.80% 171
2000	42.60% 3,864	50.55%4,585	6.86% 622
1996	42.05% 3,518	48.12%4,026	9.83% 822
1992	40.22% 3,846	41.50%3,968	18.28% 1,748
1988	55.77%4,968	43.88% 3,909	0.35% 31

Barrington is a part of the 32nd District in the Rhode Island Senate and is currently represented by Democrat Cynthia Armour Coyne. The town is included in Rhode Island's 1st congressional district at the federal level and is presently represented by Democrat David Cicilline. It is a Democratic stronghold in presidential elections, as the majority of residents have not voted for a Republican presidential nominee since 1988, when the majority of local voters backed George H.W. Bush.

During the 2016 Republican presidential preference primaries, Barrington was the only town in Rhode Island to be won by former Governor John Kasich of Ohio. He received 700 votes (44.87%) ahead of Donald J. Trump who got 687 votes (44.04%).

The town is run by a town council.

Education

Main article: Barrington Public Schools (Rhode Island)

Barrington Public Schools consists of four elementary schools, a middle school, and a high school. ^[14] Barrington High School, ^[15] Barrington Middle School, ^[16] and Nayatt Elementary ^[17] are National Blue Ribbon Schools, and the high school was ranked number 189 in the United States in a 2019 analysis by Newsweek. ^[18] Money Magazine praised the Barrington school system in 2005, naming it as the sixth best place to live in the United States. ^[19]

Private schools in Barrington include Barrington Christian Academy, ^[20] St. Luke's, ^[21] and St. Andrew's School. ^[22] Two Christian colleges occupied the Belton Court estate throughout the 20th and early 21st century. Barrington College was founded in 1900 and merged with Gordon College in 1985. ^[23]

Barrington Public Library

The town of Barrington established a library in 1806 when the pastor of the Barrington Congregational Church served as a librarian to the Barrington Library Society. After 20 years of the members paying a $1 fee, the town of Barrington decided to help build up the library, stating in 1880 the library grew with books, and materials. In 1984 the library changed locations to next door, where it is currently still resident. Since then, the library has added a children's room, space for meetings, and renovations to keep up with technology and patrons' needs. ^[24]

Historical locations and points of interest

Nine residential and commercial developments from the town's early suburbanization are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, a record of important historical sites in American history. ^{[5] :49}

The Allen-West House, among the oldest houses in Barrington, stands on grounds farmed from the 17th to 20th century. A rare, well-preserved example of a vernacular house plan, it serves as an example of architecture from Barrington's agricultural era. ^[25] Alfred Drowne Road Historic District and Jennys Lane Historic District are historical subdivisions that developed during the late 1800s and early 1900s, having attracted residents from neighboring urban communities. ^{[26] [27]} Rhode Island Country Club was constructed by Donald Ross in 1911, and since 1999 hosts the CVS Charity Classic annually. ^{[28] [29]}

The Barrington Civic Center Historic District in central Barrington includes Prince's Hill Cemetery, Barrington Town Hall, and the Leander R. Peck School, the last now housing the library and town senior center. Barrington Town Hall, described by the architects as "medieval", was originally used as the town's seat of government, library, and school; with the construction of Leander R. Peck School in 1917, the school moved and the library took its space. The T-shaped Elizabethan-Revival Peck School, which features a stairway to access its main entrance, was repurposed as the Barrington Public Library in the 1970s. ^[30]

Nayatt Point Lighthouse, adjoined with its corresponding dwelling, served to guide vessels along the Providence River, marking the narrow passage between Nayatt and Conimicut Point. ^[31] St. Matthew's Episcopal Church, founded by an Episcopal mission in the 1880s, mixes both Queen Anne and Gothic Revival-style architecture. ^[32] Belton Court, built for Frederick Peck, a businessman and Rhode Island politician, was the site of two colleges before being auctioned to a Massachusetts investor who intends to repurpose it as elderly housing. ^[33] O'Bannon Mill, among the first mills to mass-produce imitation leather, went through three purchasers before being converted into elderly apartment housing in the 1990s. ^[34]

• 
  Nayatt Point Lighthouse, c. late 1800s
• 
  Prince's Hill Burial Ground

Geography

Barrington is located on the eastern side of Narragansett Bay, in Bristol County, Rhode Island, the third smallest county in the United States. ^[35] Situated 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Providence, it consists of two peninsulas divided by the Barrington and Warren rivers. The shoreline of the western peninsula, Phebe's Neck or Popanomscut, is marked by many coves and indentations, making a sharp bend at Nayatt Point. Rumstick Neck, located around one and a half miles east of Nayatt, forms the southern end of Phebe's Neck. To the northeast of Phebe's Neck lies the second peninsula, New Meadow Neck, which is bordered by Hundred Acre Cove and the Palmer River. ^{[5] :1} According to the United States Census Bureau, Barrington has a total area of 15.4 square miles (40 km²), being composed of 8.2 square miles (21 km²) land and 7.2 square miles (19 km²) water. ^[36]

Barrington lies on a low, mostly flat plain bordering the sea. This plain, composed mostly of layers of clay, gravel, sand, and silt soils, was formed by a melting glacier towards the end of the last ice age. ^{[4] :2–5 [5] :1} Bedrock underlying the soil is largely composed of shales, sandstone, and conglomerate rock, with some outcrops of quartz. A few extremes in elevation, such as Nayatt Point, Primrose and Prince's Hill, rise to heights of fifty feet. ^{[5] :1}

Freshwater bodies in Barrington include artificial ponds originally used for brickmaking and some minor streams. Clay deposited by the glacier near Brickyard Pond are exposed to tidewater at Mouscochuck Creek, which was used as a canal for brickmaking operations. Two other artificial ponds, Echo Lake and Volpe Pond, exist along this area; a third, Prince's Pond, drains into the Barrington River in the northeast. ^{[5] :1–2}

Notable people

• David Angell, television sitcom producer ( Frasier ); multiple Emmy Award winner; lived in West Barrington; died during the September 11 attacks ^[37]
• Nicholas Bianco, boss of the Patriarca crime family; lived in Barrington ^[38]
• Thomas W. Bicknell, educator and historian; born in Barrington ^[39]
• Ken Block, founder of the Moderate Party of Rhode Island, lives in Barrington ^{[40] [41]}
• Matt Borges, Ohio Republican Party Chairman from 2013-2017, was born and raised in Barrington. ^[42]
• Bob Burnett, folk singer, banker and member of the folk band The Highwaymen, served as bank vice president in Barrington ^[43]
• Christopher Denise, illustrator of children's books ( The Great Redwall Feast , A Redwall Winter's Tale ), lived in Barrington ^[44]
• Thomas Francis Doran, Roman Catholic bishop, born in Barrington ^[45]
• Brad Faxon, golfer with the PGA Tour; lived in Barrington ^[46]
• Henry Giroux, academic and cultural critic; taught high-school social studies in Barrington ^[47]
• Spalding Gray, actor, screenwriter and playwright ( Swimming to Cambodia ); raised in Barrington ^[48]
• Michael S. Harper, Poet Laureate of Rhode Island (1988-1993); lived in Barrington ^[49]
• Robert J. Healey, political activist, lived in Barrington ^[50]
• Brian Howe, actor, lived in Barrington ^[51]
• Carolyn Huntoon, NASA scientist, first woman director of the Johnson Space Center, resides in Barrington ^[52]
• Linda Laubenstein, HIV/AIDS researcher, raised in Barrington ^[53]
• Phil Madeira, Nashville musician and songwriter, raised in Barrington ^[54]
• Shanna Moakler, model and actress; first runner-up at Miss USA 1995; alumna of Barrington High School ^[55]
• Janet Moreau, 1952 Olympic champion runner in the 4 × 100 meters lived in Barrington ^[56]
• Sean Spicer, former White House Press Secretary, was raised in Barrington ^[57]
• Edward F. Welch, Jr., rear admiral of the United States Navy, born in Barrington ^[58]
• C. D. Wright, poet, lived in Barrington ^[59]

References

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2. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
3. Mason, Ken. "History of the Town of Barrington, RI". Town of Barrington website. Town of Barrington. Retrieved 2016-04-08.
4. Bicknell, Thomas (1898). A History of Barrington, Rhode Island. Snow & Farnham. ISBN   1293409553.
5. Historical And Architectural Resources of Barrington, Rhode Island (PDF). Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission. 1993. OCLC   30898642 . Retrieved 2016-04-22.
6. Niedowski, Erika. "RI's last dry town getting first 2 liquor stores". The Bangor Daily News. Bangor Daily News. Retrieved 2016-04-08.
7. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
8. Snow, Edwin M. (1867). Report upon the Census of Rhode Island 1865. Providence, RI: Providence Press Company.
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11. "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2020-02-13. Retrieved 2019-02-26.
12. "Rhode Island City & Town Income". www.dlt.ri.gov. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
13. "Rhode Island Board of Elections: Previous Election Results". www.elections.ri.gov. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
14. "BPS District - Home". Barrington Public Schools. Barrington Public Schools. Retrieved 2017-08-25.
15. "NATIONAL BLUE RIBBON SCHOOLS PROGRAM Schools Recognized 1982 Through 2013" (PDF). U.S Department of Education. p. 155. Retrieved 2014-10-23.
16. "Barrington Middle School is National Blue Ribbon winner". The Barrington Times. East Bay Newspapers. October 1, 2015. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
17. "3 Rhode Island schools receive national Blue Ribbon honors". Providence Journal. October 4, 2015. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
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22. "Saint Andrew's Home - Saint Andrew's School". Saint Andrew's School. Saint Andrew's School. Retrieved 2016-04-08.
23. "History of Barrington College - Gordon College". Gordon College. Gordon College. Archived from the original on 2014-06-29. Retrieved 2016-04-08.
24. "History of the Library | Barrington Public Library". www.barringtonlibrary.org. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
25. "NRHP nomination for Allen-West House" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 2014-04-10.
26. "NRHP nomination for Alfred Drowne Road Historic District" (PDF). RI Preservation. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
27. "NRHP nomination for Jennys Lane Historic District" (PDF). RI Preservation. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
28. "Directory of Golf Courses designed by Donald J. Ross" (PDF). donaldross.org. Donald Ross Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-16. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
29. "Rhode Island Country Club About Us Home". Rhode Island Country Club. Rhode Island Country Club. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
30. Morgan, Keith (December 12, 1976). "National Register of Historic Places nomination – Barrington Civic Center Historic District" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
31. "Nayatt Point Light history" (PDF). National Register of Historic Places—Nomination Form. Rhode Island Preservation Society. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
32. "NRHP nomination for St. Matthew's Episcopal Church" (PDF). RI Preservation. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
33. Dunn, Christine (April 8, 2014). "Retirement community planned in Barrington". Providence Journal. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
34. "NRHP nomination for O'Bannon Mill" (PDF). RI Preservation. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
35. "DataSet.txt". State & County QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-30. Retrieved 2012-11-16. (See "Download the Database" for an explanation of this data set.)
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37. Anderson, Porter (December 5, 2001). "Industry, media figures among crash fatalities". CNN . Retrieved 2016-04-27.
38. White, Tim. "The History of New England's Mob Bosses". WPRI.com. TVL Broadcasting LLC. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
39. Bicknell, Thomas (1913). History and genealogy of the Bicknell family and some collateral lines, of Normandy, Great Britain and America. Comprising some ancestors and many descendants of Zachary Bicknell from Barrington, Somersetshire, England, 1635. Higbee-Bicknell Publishing & Printing Co. p.  474 . Retrieved 2016-04-27.
40. Benton, Holly (October 28, 2010). "Candidates make appeal for Jamestowners' votes". Jamestown Press. Archived from the original on March 17, 2015. Retrieved 2013-10-01.
41. Gregg, Katherine (October 28, 2013). "Ken Block, Moderate Party's 2010 candidate for governor, seeking GOP nomination in 2014". The Providence Journal . Retrieved 2016-05-31.
42. "The next Republican National Committee chairman? Here's the book on Matt Borges".
43. Jay Warner (2006). American Singing Groups: A History from 1940s to Today . Hal Leonard Corporation. pp.  392. ISBN   978-0-634-09978-6.
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49. Bloom, Harold (2009). African-American Poets. 2. Infobase Publishing. p. 38. ISBN   9781604138108 . Retrieved 2016-04-27. Harper was a relative newcomer to Rhode Island when he joined the faculty at Brown University in 1971, having moved from Brooklyn as a teenager to southern California. He attended high school and college in Los Angeles, earned an M.F.A. at the Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa in 1963, and held a number of short-term positions at schools along the Pacific coast before moving to Barrington, Rhode Island.
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53. Lambert, Bruce (August 17, 1992). "Linda Laubenstein, 45, Physician And Leader in Detection of AIDS". The New York Times . Retrieved March 29, 2017.
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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barrington, Rhode Island .

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Barrington, Rhode Island .

• Town of Barrington Official Web Site
• Town of Barrington Official GIS Maps and Property Information
• Barrington School Department
• The Brendel murders.