Propylphenidate

Last updated
Propylphenidate
Propylphenidate proper structure.png
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • Propyl 2-phenyl-2-(piperidin-2-yl)acetate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
Chemical and physical data
Formula C16H23NO2
Molar mass 261.365 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(C(=O)OCCC)C2CCCCN2
  • InChI=1S/C16H23NO2/c1-2-12-19-16(18)15(13-8-4-3-5-9-13)14-10-6-7-11-17-14/h3-5,8-9,14-15,17H,2,6-7,10-12H2,1H3
  • Key:PRMWWEANNQSWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Propylphenidate (also known as PPH) is a piperidine based stimulant drug, closely related to methylphenidate, but with the methyl ester replaced by a propyl ester. It was banned in the UK as a Temporary Class Drug from April 2015 following its unapproved sale as a designer drug. [1]

Contents

Propylphenidate is illegal in Sweden as of 26 January 2016, [2] and in Finland since 2017. [3]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Methylphenidate</span> Central nervous system stimulant

Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin and Concerta among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used medically to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, to a lesser extent, narcolepsy. It is a primary medication for ADHD ; it may be taken by mouth or applied to the skin, and different formulations have varying durations of effect, commonly ranging from 2–4 hours. For ADHD, the effectiveness of methylphenidate is comparable to atomoxetine but modestly lower than amphetamines.

Stimulant psychosis is a mental disorder characterized by psychotic symptoms. It involves and typically occurs following an overdose or several day 'binge' on psychostimulants; however, one study reported occurrences at regularly prescribed doses in approximately 0.1% of individuals within the first several weeks after starting amphetamine or methylphenidate therapy. Methamphetamine psychosis, or long-term effects of stimulant use in the brain, depend upon genetics and may persist for some time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dexmethylphenidate</span> CNS Stimulant

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There are many hundreds of thousands of possible drugs. Any chemical substance with biological activity may be considered a drug. This list categorises drugs alphabetically and also by other categorisations.

<i>O</i>-Acetylpsilocin Chemical compound

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system</span> Advanced controlled release oral drug delivery system

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Desoxypipradrol</span> Chemical compound

Desoxypipradrol, also known as 2-⁠diphenylmethylpiperidine (2-DPMP), is a drug developed by Ciba in the 1950s which acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">(+)-CPCA</span> Stimulant drug

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ethylphenidate</span> Stimulant analog of methylphenidate

Ethylphenidate (EPH) is a psychostimulant and a close analog of methylphenidate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Levophacetoperane</span> Stimulant drug

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">HDMP-28</span> Stimulant drug

HDMP-28 or methylnaphthidate is a piperidine based stimulant drug, closely related to methylphenidate, but with the benzene ring replaced by naphthalene. It is a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor, with several times the potency of methylphenidate and a short duration of action, and is a structural isomer of another potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor, N,O-Dimethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)piperidine-3-carboxylate. It has been sold as a designer drug since around 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate</span> Stimulant drug

3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate is a stimulant drug related to methylphenidate. Dichloromethylphenidate is a potent psychostimulant that acts as both a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, meaning it effectively boosts the levels of the norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmitters in the brain, by binding to, and partially blocking the transporter proteins that normally remove those monoamines from the synaptic cleft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Methylmethylphenidate</span> Stimulant drug

threo-4-Methylmethylphenidate (4-MeTMP) is a stimulant drug related to methylphenidate. It is slightly less potent than methylphenidate and has relatively low efficacy at blocking dopamine reuptake despite its high binding affinity, which led to its investigation as a possible substitute drug for treatment of stimulant abuse. On the other hand, several other simple ring-substituted derivatives of threo-methylphenidate such as the 4-fluoro and 3-chloro compounds are more potent than methylphenidate both in efficacy as dopamine reuptake inhibitors and in animal drug discrimination assays.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ritalinic acid</span> Major metabolite of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isopropylphenidate</span> Stimulant designer drugs

Isopropylphenidate is a piperidine based stimulant drug, closely related to methylphenidate, but with the methyl ester replaced by an isopropyl ester. It has similar effects to methylphenidate but with a longer duration of action, and was banned in the UK as a Temporary Class Drug from April 2015 following its unapproved sale as a designer drug.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HDEP-28</span> Stimulant drug

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Fluoromethylphenidate</span> Chemical compound

4-Fluoromethylphenidate is a stimulant drug that acts as a higher potency dopamine reuptake inhibitor than the closely related methylphenidate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cocaine reverse ester</span> Chemical compound

Cocaine reverse ester, (also known as Reverse ester cocaine or REC) is a tropane derivative drug which is a reverse ester of cocaine, with the 2-COOCH3 methoxycarbonyl group swapped to an isomeric OCOCH3 acetoxy group. It was synthesised because of the observation that the reverse ester pairs of several structurally related substances show similar activity to each other (see e.g. methylphenidate vs phacetoperane, pethidine vs desmethylprodine). Cocaine reverse ester however did not produce cocaine-like stimulant effects in animal studies, and is also illegal in many jurisdictions as a structural isomer of cocaine; nevertheless it has attracted attention from vendors of quasi-legal designer drugs as a potential alternative to cocaine.

References

  1. Methylphenidate-based NPS: A review of the evidence of use and harm. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, 31 March 2015
  2. "31 nya ämnen kan klassas som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara" (in Swedish). Folkhälsomyndigheten. November 2015.
  3. "Valtioneuvoston asetus kuluttajamarkkinoilta kielletyistä psykoaktiivisista aineista". Archived from the original on 2023-05-01. Retrieved 2021-06-07.