HDMP-28

Last updated
HDMP-28
HDMP-28.png
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • Methyl (naphthalen-2-yl)(piperidin-2-yl)acetate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
Chemical and physical data
Formula C18H21NO2
Molar mass 283.371 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(OC)[C@H](C1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=CC=C2)[C@]3([H])CCCCN3

  • O=C(OC)[C@H](c2cc1ccccc1cc2)[C@@H]3NCCCC3
  • InChI=1S/C18H21NO2/c1-21-18(20)17(16-8-4-5-11-19-16)15-10-9-13-6-2-3-7-14(13)12-15/h2-3,6-7,9-10,12,16-17,19H,4-5,8,11H2,1H3/t16-,17-/m1/s1 X mark.svgN
  • Key:DNRNSIJBSCBESJ-IAGOWNOFSA-N X mark.svgN
 X mark.svgNYes check.svgY  (what is this?)    (verify)

HDMP-28 or methylnaphthidate is a piperidine based stimulant drug, closely related to methylphenidate, but with the benzene ring replaced by naphthalene. It is a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor, with several times the potency of methylphenidate and a short duration of action, [1] and is a structural isomer of another potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor, N,O-Dimethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)piperidine-3-carboxylate. It has been sold as a designer drug since around 2015. [2]

Contents

HDMP-28 and CFT overlay HDMP28andCFT-3D-overlay.png
HDMP-28 and CFT overlay

MMNPC&HDMP-28.png

Most of the TMP analogs of HDMP-28 have SERT Ki values in the range >10,000 and so are selective for dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake, with little or no effect on serotonin. HDMP-28 has high affinity to SERT, and so behaves as a triple reuptake inhibitor. [3]

aEffect of (dl-threo) TMP and analogs on DA and 5-HT Transporters.
Inhibition of specific analogs at displacing CFT from binding to DAT & RTI-55 from binding to SERT
Ar[3H]CFT DAT[3H]DA Uptake[3H]RTI-55 SERTInhibition by 10 μMD.R.Potency
Ph 83.9224≫10,00019.62.71.00
p-F 35.0142>10,00036.94.13.33
m-Cl5.123.0>10,00045.54.52.42
p-Me 33.0126>10,00045.03.80.74
p-NH234.5114≫10,0007.93.32.18
m,p-Cl2 5.3 (2.67)b7.01,064 (>10,000)b93.31.37.98
β-Naphthyl33.9b 11.0c53.0c71.6bND4.8c
Cocaine 160404401nd2.50.41
aSchweri, et al. (2002); [4] bDavies, et al. (2004); [5] cDeutsch, et al. (2001). [6]

D.R. is the discrimination ratio = [3H]DA ÷ [3H]CFT.

A low D.R. indicates more addictive, whereas a high D.R. indicates low propensity for self-administration.

Legality

HDMP-28 is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015. [7]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phenyltropane</span> Class of chemical compounds

Phenyltropanes (PTs) were originally developed to reduce cocaine addiction and dependency. In general these compounds act as inhibitors of the plasmalemmal monoamine reuptake transporters. This research has spanned beyond the last couple decades, and has picked up its pace in recent times, creating numerous phenyltropanes as research into cocaine analogues garners interest to treat addiction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">(+)-CPCA</span> Stimulant drug

(+)-CPCA is a stimulant drug similar in structure to pethidine and to RTI-31, but nocaine is lacking the two-carbon bridge of RTI-31's tropane skeleton. This compound was first developed as a substitute agent for cocaine.

A serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI), also known as a triple reuptake inhibitor (TRI), is a type of drug that acts as a combined reuptake inhibitor of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. It does this by concomitantly inhibiting the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and dopamine transporter (DAT), respectively. Inhibition of the reuptake of these neurotransmitters increases their extracellular concentrations and, therefore, results in an increase in serotonergic, adrenergic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission. The naturally-occurring and potent SNDRI cocaine is widely used recreationally and often illegally for the euphoric effects it produces.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lobeline</span> Chemical compound

Lobeline is a piperidine alkaloid found in a variety of plants, particularly those in the genus Lobelia, including Indian tobacco, Devil's tobacco, great lobelia, Lobelia chinensis, and Hippobroma longiflora. In its pure form, it is a white amorphous powder which is freely soluble in water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2β-Propanoyl-3β-(2-naphthyl)-tropane</span> Chemical compound

2β-Propanoyl-3β-(2-naphthyl)-tropane or WF-23 is a cocaine analogue. It is several hundred times more potent than cocaine at being a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reuptake inhibitor</span> Type of drug

Reuptake inhibitors (RIs) are a type of reuptake modulators. It is a drug that inhibits the plasmalemmal transporter-mediated reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse into the pre-synaptic neuron. This leads to an increase in extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter and an increase in neurotransmission. Various drugs exert their psychological and physiological effects through reuptake inhibition, including many antidepressants and psychostimulants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2-Benzylpiperidine</span> Chemical compound

2-Benzylpiperidine is a stimulant drug of the piperidine class. It is similar in structure to other drugs such as methylphenidate and desoxypipradrol but around one twentieth as potent, and while it boosts norepinephrine levels to around the same extent as d-amphetamine, it has very little effect on dopamine levels, with its binding affinity for the dopamine transporter around 175 times lower than for the noradrenaline transporter. 2-benzylpiperidine is little used as a stimulant, with its main use being as a synthetic intermediate in the manufacture of other drugs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RTI-31</span> Chemical compound

(–)-2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4'-chlorophenyl)tropane (RTI-4229-31) is a synthetic analog of cocaine that acts as a stimulant. Semi-synthesis of this compound is dependent upon the availability of cocaine starting material. According to the article, RTI-31 is 64 times the strength of cocaine in terms of its potency to elicit self-administration in monkeys. WIN 35428 was 6 times weaker than RTI-31, whereas RTI-51 was 2.6 times weaker than RTI-31.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate</span> Stimulant drug

3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate is a stimulant drug related to methylphenidate. Dichloromethylphenidate is a potent psychostimulant that acts as both a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, meaning it effectively boosts the levels of the norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmitters in the brain, by binding to, and partially blocking the transporter proteins that normally remove those monoamines from the synaptic cleft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Methylmethylphenidate</span> Stimulant drug

threo-4-Methylmethylphenidate (4-MeTMP) is a stimulant drug related to methylphenidate. It is slightly less potent than methylphenidate and has relatively low efficacy at blocking dopamine reuptake despite its high binding affinity, which led to its investigation as a possible substitute drug for treatment of stimulant abuse. On the other hand, several other simple ring-substituted derivatives of threo-methylphenidate such as the 4-fluoro and 3-chloro compounds are more potent than methylphenidate both in efficacy as dopamine reuptake inhibitors and in animal drug discrimination assays.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RTI-83</span> Chemical compound

RTI-83 is a phenyltropane derivative which represents a rare example of an SDRI or serotonin-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, a drug which inhibits the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine, while having little or no effect on the reuptake of the related neurotransmitter noradrenaline. With a binding affinity (Ki) of 55 nM at DAT and 28.4 nM at SERT but only 4030 nM at NET, RTI-83 has reasonable selectivity for DAT/SERT over NET

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Serotonin–dopamine reuptake inhibitor</span> Class of drug

A serotonin–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SDRI) is a type of drug which acts as a reuptake inhibitor of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine by blocking the actions of the serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine transporter (DAT), respectively. This in turn leads to increased extracellular concentrations of serotonin and dopamine, and, therefore, an increase in serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission.

A monoamine reuptake inhibitor (MRI) is a drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor of one or more of the three major monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine by blocking the action of one or more of the respective monoamine transporters (MATs), which include the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and dopamine transporter (DAT). This in turn results in an increase in the synaptic concentrations of one or more of these neurotransmitters and therefore an increase in monoaminergic neurotransmission.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HDEP-28</span> Stimulant drug

HDEP-28 or ethylnaphthidate is a piperidine based stimulant drug, closely related to ethylphenidate, but with the benzene ring replaced by naphthalene. It is even more closely related to HDMP-28, which acts as a potent serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor with several times the potency of methylphenidate and a short duration of action. It has been sold as a designer drug since around 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Fluoromethylphenidate</span> Chemical compound

4-Fluoromethylphenidate is a stimulant drug that acts as a higher potency dopamine reuptake inhibitor than the closely related methylphenidate.

1-Methyl-3-propyl-4-(<i>p</i>-chlorophenyl)piperidine Chemical compound

1-Methyl-3-propyl-4-(p-chlorophenyl)piperidine is a drug developed by a team led by Alan Kozikowski, which acts as a potent dopamine reuptake inhibitor, and was developed as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cocaine addiction. As with related compounds such as nocaine, it is a structurally simplified derivative of related phenyltropane compounds. Its activity at the serotonin and noradrenaline transporters has not been published, though most related 4-phenylpiperidine derivatives are relatively selective for inhibiting dopamine reuptake over the other monoamine neurotransmitters. While several of its isomers are active, the (3S,4S)-enantiomer is by far the most potent. The rearranged structural isomer 2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)butyl]piperidine is also a potent inhibitor of dopamine reuptake.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HP-505</span> Chemical compound

HP-505 is a triple reuptake inhibitor that was investigated by Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals. In mice, HP-505 was a potent inhibitor of tetrabenazine-induced ptosis which may indicate antidepressant activity.

References

  1. Lile JA, Wang Z, Woolverton WL, France JE, Gregg TC, Davies HM, et al. (October 2003). "The reinforcing efficacy of psychostimulants in rhesus monkeys: the role of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 307 (1): 356–66. doi:10.1124/jpet.103.049825. PMID   12954808. S2CID   5654856.
  2. Carlier J, Giorgetti R, Varì MR, Pirani F, Ricci G, Busardò FP (January 2019). "Use of cognitive enhancers: methylphenidate and analogs". European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 23 (1): 3–15. doi:10.26355/eurrev_201901_16741. PMID   30657540.
  3. Davies HM, Hopper DW, Hansen T, Liu Q, Childers SR (April 2004). "Synthesis of methylphenidate analogues and their binding affinities at dopamine and serotonin transport sites". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 14 (7): 1799–802. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.12.097. PMID   15026075.
  4. Schweri MM, Deutsch HM, Massey AT, Holtzman SG (May 2002). "Biochemical and behavioral characterization of novel methylphenidate analogs". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 301 (2): 527–35. doi:10.1124/jpet.301.2.527. PMID   11961053.
  5. Davies HM, Hopper DW, Hansen T, Liu Q, Childers SR (April 2004). "Synthesis of methylphenidate analogues and their binding affinities at dopamine and serotonin transport sites". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 14 (7): 1799–802. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.12.097. PMID   15026075.
  6. Deutsch HM, Ye X, Shi Q, Liu Z, Schweri MM (April 2001). "Synthesis and pharmacology of site specific cocaine abuse treatment agents: a new synthetic methodology for methylphenidate analogs based on the Blaise reaction". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 36 (4): 303–11. doi:10.1016/s0223-5234(01)01230-2. PMID   11461755.
  7. "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien". Der Bundesrat.

Further reading