CRINK

Last updated

CRINK is an acronym that stands for the authoritarian states China, Russia, Iran and North Korea. It was coined for the 2023 Halifax International Security Forum by its president Peter Van Praagh. [1] [2] [3] [4]

Contents

The CRINK states support each other with economic, military and diplomatic resources. [4] Collectively and individually, the CRINKs are globally known for their authoritarian leadership, their opposition to the West [2] and involvement in military conflicts. [5] The CRINKs have no formal alliance but are united by common interests under the motto "the enemy of my enemy is my friend." [6]

Origin

At the 2023 Halifax International Security Forum on November 17, 2023, Van Praagh introduced the term during his opening remarks: [7]

Isolating Russia from the international community brought the other authoritarians to Putin's aid. Now China and Russia and Iran and North Korea, we are calling them the CRINKs, are working to dismantle the global order.

One of the forum's plenary sessions was titled "Victory in Ukraine = Message to the CRINKs" [3] and another "Never Mind the BRICS, Here's the CRINKs". [8]

Usage

After the 2023 Forum, the term CRINK and its introduction during the event was picked up by international media outlets. [1] [4] [9] According to Politico, a wide range of CRINK-related concerns were shared by Forum participants and remained a central theme throughout the event. [3] [10]

The CRINKs are often referred to as the new autocratic "axis of evil", President Bush's 2002 phrase referring to Iran, Iraq and North Korea. [2] [11] [12]

The term is widely used in discussions of rising anti-Western sentiment. [13]

It has also been mentioned in reporting on the Russian invasion of Ukraine [4] and the Middle Eastern crisis. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

"Rogue state" is a term applied by some international theorists to states that they consider threatening to the world's peace. These states meet certain criteria, such as being ruled by authoritarian or totalitarian governments that severely restrict human rights, sponsoring terrorism, or seeking to proliferate weapons of mass destruction. The term is used most by the United States ; in his speech at the United Nations (UN) in 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump reiterated this phrase. U.S. politicians have used the term to describe countries such as Iran, Syria, North Korea, Afghanistan, Cuba and Venezuela. The term has been applied by other countries as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Axis of evil</span> American term for "sponsors of terrorism"

The phrase "axis of evil" was first used by U.S. President George W. Bush and originally referred to Iran, Ba'athist Iraq, and North Korea. It was used in Bush's State of the Union address on January 29, 2002, less than five months after the September 11 attacks and almost a year before the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and often repeated throughout his presidency. He used it to describe foreign governments that, during his administration, allegedly sponsored terrorism and sought weapons of mass destruction.

The Atlantic Council is an American think tank in the field of international affairs, favoring Atlanticism, founded in 1961. It manages sixteen regional centers and functional programs related to international security and global economic prosperity. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C. It is a member of the Atlantic Treaty Association.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy</span> Official of the European Union

The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President of the European Commission (HR/VP) is the chief co-ordinator and representative of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) within the European Union (EU). The position is currently held by Kaja Kallas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outposts of tyranny</span> US foreign policy terminology used in the 2000s

"Outposts of tyranny" was a term used in 2005 by United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and subsequently by others in the U.S. government to characterize the governments of certain countries as being totalitarian regimes or dictatorships. In addition to specifically identifying Belarus, Cuba, Iran, Myanmar, North Korea, and Zimbabwe as examples of outposts of tyranny, Rice characterized the broader Middle East as a region of tyranny, despair, and anger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Munich Security Conference</span> Annual conference on international security policy

The Munich Security Conference is an annual conference on international security policy that has been held in Munich, Bavaria, Germany since 1963. Formerly named the Munich Conference on Security Policy, the motto is: Peace through Dialogue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nikolai Patrushev</span> Russian politician and security officer (born 1951)

Nikolai Platonovich Patrushev is a Russian politician, security officer and former intelligence officer who served as the secretary of the Security Council of Russia from 2008 to 2024. He previously served as the director of the Federal Security Service (FSB) from 1999 to 2008. Belonging to the siloviki faction of president Vladimir Putin's inner circle, Patrushev is believed to be one of the closest advisors to Putin and a leading figure behind Russia's national security affairs. He played a key role in the decisions to seize and then annex Crimea in 2014 and to invade Ukraine in 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colour revolution</span> Series of non-violent protests and political campaigns in the former Soviet Union

The colour revolutions were a series of often non-violent protests and accompanying changes of government and society that took place in post-Soviet states and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia during the early 21st century. The aim of the colour revolutions was to establish Western-style liberal democracies. They were primarily triggered by election results widely viewed as falsified. The colour revolutions were marked by the use of the internet as a method of communication, as well as a strong role of non-governmental organizations in the protests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russia–United States relations</span> Bilateral relations

The United States and Russia maintain one of the most important, critical, and strategic foreign relations in the world. Both nations have shared interests in nuclear safety and security, nonproliferation, counterterrorism, and space exploration.

Ilan I. Berman is an American lawyer and policy analyst. He is the Vice President of the American Foreign Policy Council. He focuses on regional security in the Middle East, Central Asia, and the Russian Federation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David J. Kramer</span> American government official

David J. Kramer was United States Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor from 2008 to 2009. He was President of Freedom House from October 2010 to November 2014, and later worked at the McCain Institute. Following a professorship at the Florida International University, he became executive director of the George W. Bush Institute.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Institute for the Study of War</span> American think tank

The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) is an American nonprofit research group and advocacy think tank founded in 2007 by military historian Kimberly Kagan and headquartered in Washington, D.C. ISW provides research and analysis of modern armed conflicts and foreign affairs. It has produced reports on the Syrian civil war, the War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq War, "focusing on military operations, enemy threats, and political trends in diverse conflict zones". ISW currently publishes daily updates on the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the Israel–Hamas war. ISW also published daily updates on Mahsa Amini protests in Iran.

The Halifax International Security Forum is an annual summit for international government and military officials, academic experts, authors and entrepreneurs, held in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is organized by HFX, an organization headquarted in Washington, D.C. that describes itself and has been quoted as an "independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization". HFX addresses global security issues through various programs, with the Halifax International Security Forum serving as its flagship event. The 16th Halifax International Security Forum was held from 22 to 24 November, 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Axis of Resistance</span> Informal Iranian-led military coalition in West Asia

The Axis of Resistance is an informal coalition of Iranian-supported militias and political organizations across the Middle East. Formed by Iran, it unites actors committed to countering the influence of the United States and Israel in the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dmitri Alperovitch</span> American computer security industry executive (born 1980)

Dmitri Alperovitch is an American think-tank founder, author, philanthropist, podcast host and former computer security industry executive. He is the chairman of Silverado Policy Accelerator, a geopolitics think-tank in Washington, D.C., and a co-founder and former chief technology officer of CrowdStrike. Alperovitch is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in Russia who immigrated from the country in 1994 with his family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jake Sullivan</span> American attorney and politician (born 1976)

Jacob Jeremiah Sullivan is an American attorney who served as the U.S. National Security Advisor from 2021 to 2025 under president Joe Biden.

The foreign policy of the Joe Biden administration emphasizes the repair of the United States' alliances, which Biden argues were damaged during the first Trump administration. The administration's goal is to restore the United States to a "position of trusted leadership" among global democracies in order to address challenges posed by Russia and China. Both Biden and his Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin have repeatedly emphasized that no other world power should be able to surpass the United States, either militarily or economically. Biden's foreign policy has been described as having ideological underpinnings in mid-twentieth century liberal internationalism, American exceptionalism, and pragmatism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elbridge Colby</span> American bureaucrat

Elbridge A. Colby is an American national security policy professional who served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Strategy and Force Development from 2017 to 2018 during the Trump administration. He played a key role in the development of the 2018 U.S. National Defense Strategy, which, among other things, shifted the U.S. Defense Department's focus to challenges posed by China's rise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Axis of Upheaval</span> 2024 neologism of four nations with increased anti-Western cooperation

"Axis of Upheaval" is a term coined in 2024 by Center for a New American Security foreign policy analysts Richard Fontaine and Andrea Kendall-Taylor and used by many foreign policy analysts, military officials, and international groups to describe the growing anti-Western collaboration between Russia, Iran, China and North Korea beginning in the early 2020s. It has also been called the "axis of autocracies", "quartet of chaos", the "deadly quartet" or "CRINK".

Peter Van Praagh is a Canadian foreign and security policy advisor. He is the president of the Halifax International Security Forum, which he founded in 2009 within the German Marshall Fund. Since 2011, the forum is independent as HFX, a Washington, D.C.–based non-profit organization.

References

  1. 1 2 "Opinion: We are not at war on several fronts, but one". The Globe and Mail. November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "HFX2023: The Takeaways from This Year in Halifax". Policy Magazine. November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 "Fear and gloating about US at top democracy gathering". Politico. November 19, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "'2024 smells like 1938': WW3 'inevitable' unless West wakes up to new threat". iNews. April 19, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  5. "World Figures Convene in Canada To Address Threats Posed By CRINK". Iran International. November 21, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  6. Amersi, Mohamed (August 4, 2024). "CRINKs: The New Game in Town". International Policy Digest. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  7. Halifax International Security Forum (November 17, 2023). HFX 2023: Peter Van Praagh Welcome Speech . Retrieved November 18, 2024 via YouTube.
  8. "2023 Forum.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  9. "Crinks' war on West". The Spectator Australia. November 22, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  10. "Holidays with the CRINKs, Not a Lot of Fun". National Defense Magazine. December 22, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  11. Gramer, Robbie (November 29, 2023). "Looks Like 'Axis of Evil' Is Back on the Menu". Foreign Policy. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  12. "CRINK: It's the new 'Axis of Evil'". Politico. October 17, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  13. de Souza, Rodrigo G. (June 10, 2024). "Who Are the CRINK - The Countries That Form the New "Axis of Evil" in the World and What They Want". The Atlas Report. Retrieved November 18, 2024.