List of coming-of-age stories

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Coming-of-age stories focus on the growth of a protagonist from childhood to adulthood, although "coming of age" is a genre for a variety of media, including literature, theatre, film, television and video games.

In literature

Main article: Bildungsroman

• The Telemachy in Homer's Odyssey (8th century BC)
• Hayy ibn Yaqdhan , by Ibn Tufail (12th century) ^[1]
• The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling , by Henry Fielding (1749) ^[2]
• The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman , by Laurence Sterne (1759) ^[2]
• Candide , by Voltaire (1759)
• Northanger Abbey , by Jane Austen (1817)
• Oliver Twist , by Charles Dickens (1837–1839)
• Great Expectations , by Charles Dickens (1860–1861)
• Little Women , by Louisa May Alcott (1868–1869)
• Little Men , by Louisa May Alcott (1871)
• The Adventures of Tom Sawyer , by Mark Twain (1876)
• The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn , by Mark Twain (1884–1885)
• The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling (1894)
• The Red Badge of Courage , by Stephen Crane (1894–1895)
• The Blue Lagoon , by Henry De Vere Stacpoole (1908)
• Anne of Green Gables , by Lucy Maud Montgomery (1908)
• A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce (1916) ^[3]
• All Quiet on the Western Front , by Erich Maria Remarque (1929)
• Their Eyes Were Watching God , by Zora Neale Hurston (1937) ^[4]
• The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter , by Carson McCullers (1940)
• A Tree Grows in Brooklyn , by Betty Smith (1943)
• Johnny Tremain , by Esther Forbes (1943)
• The Catcher in the Rye , by J.D. Salinger (1951)
• East of Eden , by John Steinbeck (1952)
• Old Yeller , by Fred Gipson (1956)
• The Baron in the Trees , by Italo Calvino (1957)
• Flowers for Algernon , short story and novel by Daniel Keyes (short story 1959, novel 1966)
• To Kill a Mockingbird , novel by Harper Lee (1960)
• Where the Red Fern Grows , by Wilson Rawls (1961)
• A Clockwork Orange , a novel by Anthony Burgess (1962)
• The Learning Tree , novel by Gordon Parks (1963)
• The Graduate , novel by Charles Webb (1963)
• The Bell Jar , by Sylvia Plath (1964)
• The Last Picture Show , by Larry McMurtry (1966)
• The Outsiders , by S.E. Hinton (1967)
• Last Summer , by Evan Hunter (1968)
• Sounder , by William H. Armstrong (1969)
• A Day No Pigs Would Die , by Robert Newton Peck (1972)
• A Hero Ain't Nothin' But a Sandwich , by Alice Childress (1973)
• Ordinary People , by Judith Guest (1976)
• A River Runs Through It , by Norman Maclean (1976)
• Vision Quest , by Terry Davis (1979)
• The Body , short story by Stephen King (1982)
• The Color Purple , by Alice Walker (1982)
• The Sheep-Pig , by Dick King-Smith (1983)
• Ender's Game , by Orson Scott Card (1985) ^[5]
• It , by Stephen King (1986)
• This Boy's Life, memoirs by Tobias Wolff (1989)
• What's Eating Gilbert Grape , by Peter Hedges (1991)
• The Virgin Suicides , by Jeffrey Eugenides (1993)
• Ghost World , graphic novel by Daniel Clowes (1993–1997)
• The Dangerous Lives of Altar Boys , novel by Chris Fuhrman (1994)
• The Zigzag Kid , by David Grossman (1994)
• Into the Widening World , a collection of 26 short fictional coming-of-age stories by 26 notable authors (published 1995)
• Harry Potter, by J.K. Rowling (1997–2007)
• The Perks of Being a Wallflower , by Stephen Chbosky (1999)
• Alex Rider , by Anthony Horowitz (2000–till date)
• The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants , by Ann Brashares (2001)
• Life of Pi , by Yann Martel (2001)
• Invincible , by Robert Kirkman (2003–2018)
• The Power of Five , by Anthony Horowitz (2005–2012)
• Winter's Bone , by Daniel Woodrell (2006)
• Call Me by Your Name , by André Aciman (2007)
• Someday This Pain Will Be Useful to You , by Peter Cameron (2007)
• The Enola Holmes Mysteries: The Case of the Missing Marquess , by Nancy Springer (2007)
• The Name of the Wind and the rest of The Kingkiller Chronicles by Patrick Rothfuss (2007–present)
• Skulduggery Pleasant and Valkyrie Cain by Derek Landy (2007–2014; 2017–present)
• Goodnight Punpun , by Inio Asano (2007)
• Paper Towns , by John Green (2008)
• Homestuck , by Andrew Hussie (2009-04-13 to 2016-04-13)
• The Summer I Turned Pretty , by Jenny Han (2009–2011)
• The Miseducation of Cameron Post , by Emily M. Danforth (2012)
• Me and Earl and the Dying Girl , by Jesse Andrews (2012)
• Simon vs. the Homo Sapiens Agenda , by Becky Albertalli (2015)
• Boy Erased: A Memoir , by Garrard Conley (2016)
• Bones & All, novel by Camille DeAngelis (2015) ^[6]
• The Hate U Give , by Angie Thomas (2017)
• Boy Swallows Universe , by Trent Dalton (2018)
• Dear Evan Hansen: The Novel, by Val Emmich with Steven Levenson, Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2018) ^[7]
• The Prom: The Novel, by Saundra Mitchell with Matthew Sklar, Chad Beguelin and Bob Martin (2019) ^[8]

In theatre

• West Side Story (1957–present) ^[9]
• Oliver! (1960–present)
• Miss Saigon (1989–present)
• Once on This Island (1990–present)
• Billy Elliot the Musical (2005–2016)
• Spring Awakening (2006–2015)
• Hadestown (2006–present)
• 4000 Miles (2011–2013, 2022)
• Choir Boy (2012–2019)
• Dear Evan Hansen (2015–present)
• Everybody's Talking About Jamie (2017–present)
• Mean Girls (2017–present)
• The Prom (2017–present)
• & Juliet (2019–present)
• Almost Famous (2019–present)
• The Outsiders (2022–present)
• How to Dance in Ohio (2022–2024)
• Heathers (musical) (2010–??)

In manga and anime

A large portion of the manga industry is dedicated to teenagers, such as Weekly Shōnen Jump and Weekly Shōnen Magazine and, therefore, a majority of said manga contains some aspects of the protagonist's growth. Coming-of-age stories are called Shujinkō-Seichōkei (主人公成長系), meaning "protagonist's growth type".

Manga

• Dragon Ball (manga) (1984-1995)
• Hunter × Hunter (1998-present)
• Naruto (1999–2014)
• Fullmetal Alchemist (2001-2010)
• Vinland Saga (manga) (2005-present)
• Strobe Edge (2007–2010) ^[10]
• Attack on Titan (2009-2021)
• Ao Haru Ride (2011–2015) ^[11]
• Assassination Classroom (2012-2016)
• Mob Psycho 100 (2012-2017)
• Haikyu!! (2012-2020)
• My Hero Academia (2014–2024)
• Love Me, Love Me Not (2015–2019) ^[11]
• Violet Evergarden (2015-2020)

Anime

• Neon Genesis Evangelion (1995)
• The End of Evangelion (1997)
• Kiki's Delivery Service (1998)
• Spirited Away (2001)
• Eureka Seven (2005)
• The Boy and the Heron (2023)

In film

In film, coming-of-age is a genre of teen films. Films in this subgenre include:

• Little Women (1933)
• Anne of Green Gables (1934)
• Captains Courageous (1937)
• The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1938)
• The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1939)
• The Wizard of Oz (1939)
• Babes in Arms (1939)
• Pinocchio (1940)
• Little Men (1940)
• Bambi (1942)
• The Human Comedy (1943)
• Meet Me in St. Louis (1944)
• A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945)
• Great Expectations (1946)
• Oliver Twist (1948)
• The Blue Lagoon (1949)
• Cattle Drive (1951)
• The Red Badge of Courage (1951)
• East of Eden (1955)
• Rebel Without a Cause (1955) ^[12]
• The Apu Trilogy (1955–1959)
• Old Yeller (1957)
• Johnny Tremain (1957)
• The House of the Angel (1957)
• The 400 Blows (1959) ^[12]
• West Side Story (1961) ^[9]
• To Kill a Mockingbird (1962)
• David and Lisa (1962)
• The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1968)
• Oliver! (1968)
• Romeo and Juliet (1968)
• Kes (1969)
• Last Summer (1969)
• The Learning Tree (1969)
• The Last Picture Show (1971) ^[12]
• Summer of '42 (1971)
• Walkabout (1971)
• Sounder (1972)
• American Graffiti (1973)
• Badlands (1973)
• Tom Sawyer (1973)
• Huckleberry Finn (1974)
• Where the Red Fern Grows (1974)
• Cooley High (1975) ^[13]
• Cornbread, Earl and Me (1975)
• the original Star Wars movie trilogy (1977–1983)
• Saturday Night Fever (1977)
• A Hero Ain't Nothin' But a Sandwich (1978)
• Big Wednesday (1978)
• Grease (1978)
• Bloodbrothers (1978)
• Breaking Away (1979)
• Over the Edge (1979)
• Fame (1980)
• Foxes (1980)
• Ordinary People (1980)
• The Blue Lagoon (1980)
• Endless Love (1981)
• Gregory's Girl (1981)
• The Fox and the Hound (1981)
• The Last American Virgin (1982)
• Fast Times at Ridgemont High (1982)
• Flashdance (1983)
• The Outsiders (1983)
• Risky Business (1983)
• Rumble Fish (1983)
• Footloose (1984)
• Sixteen Candles (1984) ^[12]
• The Karate Kid (1984) ^[12]
• The Bay Boy (1984)
• The Color Purple (1985)
• the Back to the Future movie trilogy (1985–1990)
• The Breakfast Club (1985) ^{[12] [14]}
• Fandango (1985)
• Heaven Help Us (1985) also known as Catholic Boys
• Mischief (1985)
• Vision Quest (1985)
• Pretty in Pink (1986)
• Stand by Me (1986) ^[12]
• Some Kind of Wonderful (1987)
• Empire of the Sun (1987) ^[12]
• Running on Empty (1988)
• Stand and Deliver (1988)
• Stealing Home (1988)
• Big (1988) ^[12]
• Heathers (1988)
• The Delinquents (1989)
• Dead Poets Society (1989) ^[12]
• Say Anything... (1989)
• The Little Mermaid (1989)
• A Brighter Summer Day (1989)
• Mermaids (1990) ^[12]
• My Own Private Idaho (1991)
• Dogfight (1991)
• Boyz n the Hood (1991) ^{[13] [15]}
• The Man in the Moon (1991)
• Flirting (1991)
• A River Runs Through It (1992)
• A Bronx Tale (1993) ^[12]
• Menace II Society (1993)
• Dazed and Confused (1993) ^{[12] [14]}
• This Boy's Life (1993)
• What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993) ^[12]
• The Man Without a Face (1993)
• The Thief and the Cobbler (1993)
• The Adventures of Huck Finn (1993)
• There Goes My Baby (1994)
• Little Women (1994)
• The War (1994)
• The Lion King (1994)
• Babe (1995)
• The Basketball Diaries (1995)
• Empire Records (1995)
• Kids (1995) ^[14]
• Clueless (1995) ^[12]
• Whisper of the Heart (1995)
• Tom and Huck (1995)
• Romeo + Juliet (1996)
• Titanic (1997)
• Telling Lies in America (1997)
• All I Wanna Do (1998)
• 10 Things I Hate About You (1999)
• The Virgin Suicides (1999)
• The Wood (1999) ^[13]
• The Iron Giant (1999)
• American Beauty (1999)
• Girl, Interrupted (1999)
• Almost Famous (2000) ^[12]
• Billy Elliot (2000)
• Girlfight (2000)
• Bring It On (2000)
• How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000)
• Y tu mamá también (2001) ^{[12] [16]}
• Spirited Away (2001) ^{[16] [15]}
• The Princess Diaries (2001)
• Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
• the Harry Potter film series (2001–2011)
• The Dangerous Lives of Altar Boys (2002)
• Bend It Like Beckham (2002) ^{[15] [16]}
• Better Luck Tomorrow (2002)
• Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron (2002)
• Thirteen (2003) ^[12]
• The Motorcycle Diaries (2003)
• Napoleon Dynamite (2004)
• House of D (2004)
• 13 Going on 30 (2004)
• Lakshya (2004)
• Mean Girls (2004) ^{[12] [16]}
• Temporada de patos (2004)
• The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants (2005) ^{[12] [15]}
• ATL (2006)
• Ratatouille (film) (2007)
• Superbad (2007) ^{[12] [14] [15]}
• Happy Days (2007)
• Hounddog (2007)
• Persepolis (2007)
• Juno (2007) ^[12]
• The Poker House (2008)
• 35 Shots of Rum (2008)
• Let the Right One In (2008)
• The Reader (2008)
• Gamyam (2008)
• Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
• Kotha Bangaru Lokam (2008)
• Fish Tank (2009) ^[16]
• Bandslam (2009)
• Wake Up Sid (2009)
• the How to Train Your Dragon movie trilogy (2010–2019)
• Winter's Bone (2010)
• Submarine (2010) ^{[14] [15]}
• Let Me In (2010)
• Pariah (2011)
• Hick (2011)
• Turn Me On, Dammit! (2011) ^[17]
• Life of Pi (2012)
• Moonrise Kingdom (2012) ^[16]
• The Perks of Being a Wallflower (2012) ^{[12] [16] [15]}
• The Zigzag Kid (2012)
• The Spectacular Now (2013)
• The Kings of Summer (2013)
• The Way Way Back (2013)
• Wetlands (2013) ^[17]
• Fukrey (2013)
• Boyhood (2014) ^{[14] [16]}
• Girlhood (2014) ^{[17] [16]}
• The Fault in Our Stars (2014)
• The Falling (2014)
• Mustang (2015)
• Me and Earl and the Dying Girl (2015)
• The Diary of a Teenage Girl (2015) ^[17]
• Dope (2015) ^[13]
• Mistress America (2015) ^[17]
• Paper Towns (2015)
• Coming Through the Rye (2015)
• Kerintha (2015)
• Sleeping Giant (2015)
• Yevade Subramanyam (2015)
• Inside Out (2015)
• The Peanuts Movie (2015)
• Moana (2016)
• Moonlight (2016) ^{[14] [16] [15]}
• The Edge of Seventeen (2016) ^{[17] [16]}
• American Honey (2016)
• 20th Century Women (2016)
• 2 Cool 2 Be 4gotten (2016)
• Call Me by Your Name (2017) ^{[14] [16]}
• Hot Summer Nights (2017)
• Lady Bird (2017) ^{[14] [16] [15]}
• It (2017)
• November Criminals (2017)
• Vunnadhi Okate Zindagi (2017)
• Coco (2017)
• Eighth Grade (2018) ^{[16] [15]}
• Mid90s (2018) ^[15]
• The Hate U Give (2018)
• Leave No Trace (2018)
• Boy Erased (2018)
• The Miseducation of Cameron Post (2018)
• Love, Simon (2018)
• To All the Boys I've Loved Before (2018) ^[16]
• Bumblebee (2018)
• The Grinch (2018)
• The King (2019)
• The Lion King (2019)
• Booksmart (2019) ^[16]
• Little Women (2019)
• Yes, God, Yes (2019)
• Enola Holmes (2020)
• Onward (2020)
• Digimon Adventure: Last Evolution Kizuna (2020)
• Nahuel and the Magic Book (2020)
• The Half of It (2020) ^[15]
• The Prom (2020)
• Cherry (2021)
• Chhello Show (2021)
• Luca (2021)
• Dear Evan Hansen (2021)
• Everybody's Talking About Jamie (2021)
• There's Someone Inside Your House (2021)
• Licorice Pizza (2021)
• Encanto (2021)
• CODA (2021)
• The Hand of God (2021)
• The Black Phone (2021) ^[18]
• West Side Story (2021)
• Live Is Life (2021) ^[19]
• Turning Red (2022)
• Aftersun (2022)
• Bones and All (2022)
• Egghead & Twinkie (2023)
• Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret. (2023)
• Barbie (2023)
• Freedom, Wisconsin (2023)
• Riley (2023)
• Uproar (2023)
• Inside Out 2 (2024)
• Merrily We Roll Along (TBA)

Films featuring protagonists in particular age groups, such as pre-teens, are:

• Melody (1971)
• Pretty Baby (1978)
• E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982)
• My Girl (1991)
• The Sandlot (1993) ^[15]
• Léon: The Professional (1994)
• Crooklyn (1994) ^[13]
• Now and Then (1995)
• The White Balloon (1995)
• Matilda (1996)
• Ponette (1996)
• Pan's Labyrinth (2006)
• Beasts of the Southern Wild (2012)
• The Florida Project (2017) ^[20]
• Jojo Rabbit (2019) ^[21]
• C'mon C'mon (2021) ^[22]
• The Fabelmans (2022) ^[23]

or post-high school and college students, in films such as:

• Love Story (1970)
• Young People (1972)
• Carrie (1976) ^[12]
• Animal House (1978)
• Porky's (1981)
• With Honors (1994)
• Kicking and Screaming (1995)
• Good Will Hunting (1997)
• Can't Hardly Wait (1998) ^[12]
• American Pie (1999) ^[12]
• Ghost World (2001)
• the Spider-Man film franchise (2002–present) ^{[16] [12]}
• An Education (2009) ^[12]
• 3 Idiots (2009)
• Whiplash (2014)
• Everybody Wants Some!! (2016)
• Aanandam (2016)
• Meesaya Murukku (2017)
• Chhichhore (2018)
• The Souvenir (2019)
• Klaus (film) (2019)
• Pink Skies Ahead (2020)
• The Mitchells vs. the Machines (2021)
• Don (2022)

or people aged around 20 years old who do not go to college, such as:

• Brooklyn (2015)
• Sweet 20 (2017)

or in the case of unique coming-of-age stories centered on post-college aged individuals, such as:

• All Quiet on the Western Front (1930)
• The Seven Year Itch (1955)
• The Graduate (1967) ^[12]
• Charly (1968)
• Taxi Driver (1976)
• An Officer and a Gentleman (1982)
• St. Elmo's Fire (1985)
• What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993) ^[12]
• Never Been Kissed (1999)
• Old School (2003)
• The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005)
• Frances Ha (2012) ^[24]
• The Worst Person in the World (2021) ^[25]
• All Quiet on the Western Front (2022)

In television

Coming-of-age television series include:

• 13 Reasons Why (2017–2020)
• Adventure Time (2010–2018)
• Amphibia (2019–2022)
• Anne with an E (2017–2019)
• Annika (1984)
• Anohana: The Flower We Saw That Day (2011)
• Atypical (2017–2021)
• Boy Meets World (1993–2000)
• Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1997–2003)
• Dawson's Creek (1998–2003)
• Degrassi franchise (1979–2017)
  • Degrassi: The Next Generation (2001–2015)
• Di4ries (2022–present)
• The End of the F***ing World (2017–2019)
• Euphoria (2019–present)
• Everything Sucks! (2018)
• Freaks and Geeks (1999–2000)
• Girl Meets World (2014–2017)
• Girlboss (2017)
• Glee (2009–2015)
• Gossip Girl (2007–2012)
• Grand Army (2020–present)
• Gravity Falls (2012–2016)
• Happy Days (1974–1984) ^[26]
• Heartstopper (2022–present) ^[27]
• Hilda (2018–2023)
• I Am Not Okay with This (2020)
• Invincible (2021–present)
• Ladhood (2019–present)
• Little House on the Prairie (1974–1983)
• Love, Victor (2020–2022)
• The Lying Life of Adults (2023–)
• Malhação (1995–present)
• Mao Mao: Heroes of Pure Heart (2019–present)
• Ms. Marvel (2022) ^[28]
• My Brilliant Friend (2018–)
• My So-Called Life (1994–1995)
• On My Block (2018–2021)
• One Day at a Time (2017–2020)
• One Summer (1983)
• Over the Garden Wall (2014)
• The Owl House (2020-2023)
• PEN15 (2019–2021)
• Prisma (2022–present)
• The Queen's Gambit (2020)
• The Sea Beyond (2020–)
• A Series of Unfortunate Events (2017–2019)
• Sex Education (2019–present)
• Sintonia (2019–present)
• Skam (2015–2017)
  • SKAM Austin (2018–2019)
• Skins (2007–2013)
• Steven Universe (2013–2020)
• Star Wars: Skeleton Crew (2024–present) ^[29]
• Stranger Things (2016–present)
• The Summer I Turned Pretty (2022–present)
• Teen Wolf (2011–2017)
• That 70's Show (1998–2006)
• Twenty-Five Twenty-One (2022) ^[30]
• We Are Who We Are (2020)
• We Bare Bears (2015–2019)
• Wednesday (2022–present)
• The Wonder Years (1988–1993) ^[26]
  • The Wonder Years (2021) (2021–2023) ^[31]
• Anos Dourados (1986)
• Anos Rebeldes (1992)
• Young Royals (2021–present)
• Young Sheldon (2017–2024)

In video games

• Life Is Strange (2015) ^[32]
• Ori and the Blind Forest (2015)
• Persona (series) (1996-present)

References

1. David Edward Cooper; Joy Palmer; Liora Bresler (2001). Fifty major thinkers on education: from Confucius to Dewey. Routledge. p. 34. ISBN   0-415-23126-4.
2. McWilliams, Ellen (2009). Margaret Atwood and the Female Bildungsroman. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 14. ISBN   978-0-7546-6027-9. The two early English Bildungsromane already mentioned, Tom Jones and The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, are examples of coming-of-age narratives that predate the generic expectations of the German tradition.
3. Knausgård, Karl (25 May 2016). "On Reading Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man". The New York Times . Retrieved 28 May 2016.
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19. "Livi Is Life". Common Sense Media. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
20. "Why 'The Florida Project' is the best coming-of-age movie". faroutmagazine.co.uk. 2023-02-26. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
21. Smith, Damon (2020-01-02). "Taika Waititi's Jojo Rabbit is 'a deeply affecting coming-of-age story'". The Irish News. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
22. AnOther (2021-12-08). "C'mon C'mon: Why Mike Mills Wanted to Make a Film About Raising a Child". AnOther. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
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24. "'Frances Ha' Is Still the Definitive Tale of Platonic Female Love". W Magazine. 2022-10-05. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
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